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| | rpl16 | 50S ribosomal protein L16, chloroplastic; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family. (135 aa) |
| | atp6 | ATP synthase subunit a. (385 aa) |
| | ccmB | Cytochrome c biogenesis B. (206 aa) |
| | ccmFC | Cytochrome c biogenesis FC. (442 aa) |
| | rpl2 | Ribosomal protein L2. (349 aa) |
| | ccmC | Putative cytochrome c biosynthesis ccmC-like mitochondrial protein; May be involved in the export of heme to the mitochondrion for the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes. Belongs to the CcmC/CycZ/HelC family. (256 aa) |
| | rps12 | Ribosomal protein S12; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family. (125 aa) |
| | matR | Maturase. (656 aa) |
| | ccmFN2 | Cytochrome c biogenesis FN2. (203 aa) |
| | ccmFN1 | Cytochrome c biogenesis FN1. (382 aa) |
| | atp4 | ATPase subunit 4. (192 aa) |
| | GSO1 | LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase GSO1; Together with GSO2, receptor-like serine/threonine-kinase required during the development of the epidermal surface in embryos and cotyledons. In coordination with GSO2, regulates root growth through control of cell division and cell fate specification. Controls seedling root growth by modulating sucrose response after germination. Receptor of the peptide hormones CIF1 and CIF2 required for contiguous Casparian strip diffusion barrier formation in roots. Required for localizing CASP proteins into the Casparian strip following an un [...] (1249 aa) |
| | CER1 | Very-long-chain aldehyde decarbonylase CER1; Aldehyde decarbonylase involved in the conversion of aldehydes to alkanes. Core component of a very-long-chain alkane synthesis complex. Involved in epicuticular wax biosynthesis and pollen fertility; Belongs to the sterol desaturase family. (625 aa) |
| | KOM | RHOMBOID-like protein 8; Probable rhomboid-type serine protease that catalyzes intramembrane proteolysis; Belongs to the peptidase S54 family. (351 aa) |
| | ABCI5 | Putative cytochrome c biosynthesis ccmC-like mitochondrial protein; May be involved in the export of heme to the mitochondrion for the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes. Belongs to the CcmC/CycZ/HelC family. (256 aa) |
| | ND2 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 2; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (499 aa) |
| | ARR4 | Two-component response regulator ARR4; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Modulates red light signaling through its interaction with the phytochrome B photoreceptor. (259 aa) |
| | NIA1 | Nitrate reductase [NADH] 1; Nitrate reductase is a key enzyme involved in the first step of nitrate assimilation in plants, fungi and bacteria. (917 aa) |
| | PHYB | Phytochrome B; Regulatory photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the Pr form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the Pfr form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Photoconversion of Pr to Pfr induces an array of morphogenetic responses, whereas reconversion of Pfr to Pr cancels the induction of those responses. Pfr controls the expression of a number of nuclear genes including those encoding the small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase, chlorophyll A/B binding protein, protochlorophyllide reduct [...] (1172 aa) |
| | ND5 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (669 aa) |
| | RPL8A | 60S ribosomal protein L8-1. (258 aa) |
| | ACT7 | Actin-7; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Essential component of cell cytoskeleton; plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. This is considered as one of the vegetative actins which is involved in the regulation of hormone-induced plant cell proliferation and callus formation. (377 aa) |
| | P5CSA | Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase A; P5CS plays a key role in proline biosynthesis, leading to osmoregulation in plants; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glutamate 5- kinase family. (717 aa) |
| | matK | Maturase K; Usually encoded in the trnK tRNA gene intron. Probably assists in splicing its own and other chloroplast group II introns. Belongs to the intron maturase 2 family. MatK subfamily. (504 aa) |
| | rpl2-A | 50S ribosomal protein L2, chloroplastic; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family. (274 aa) |
| | rps14 | 30S ribosomal protein S14, chloroplastic; Binds 16S rRNA, required for the assembly of 30S particles. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS14 family. (100 aa) |
| | HTR4 | Histone H3.3; Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in [...] (136 aa) |
| | HTR2 | Histone H3.2; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa) |
| | rps12-A | 30S ribosomal protein S12, chloroplastic; With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits (By similarity). (123 aa) |
| | CCMC | Putative cytochrome c biosynthesis ccmC-like mitochondrial protein; May be involved in the export of heme to the mitochondrion for the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes; Belongs to the CcmC/CycZ/HelC family. (232 aa) |
| | RPS12 | Ribosomal protein S12, mitochondrial; Protein S12 is involved in the translation initiation step; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family. (125 aa) |
| | ND1 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (325 aa) |
| | CCMB | Putative cytochrome c biogenesis ccmB-like mitochondrial protein; May be involved in the export of heme to the mitochondrion for the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes. (206 aa) |
| | CCMFC | Cytochrome c biogenesis CcmF C-terminal-like mitochondrial protein; Forms a complex with CCMFN1, CCMFN2 and CCMH that performs the assembly of heme with c-type apocytochromes in mitochondria. Belongs to the CcmF/CycK/Ccl1/NrfE/CcsA family. (442 aa) |
| | RPL2 | 60S ribosomal protein L2, mitochondrial; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family. (349 aa) |
| | GLO3 | Peroxisomal (S)-2-hydroxy-acid oxidase GLO3. (363 aa) |
| | CCMFN2 | Cytochrome c biogenesis CcmF N-terminal-like mitochondrial protein 2; Forms a complex with CCMFC, CCMFN1 and CCMH that performs the assembly of heme with c-type apocytochromes in mitochondria. Belongs to the CcmF/CycK/Ccl1/NrfE/CcsA family. (203 aa) |
| | MPK6 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6; Involved in oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade (such as ozone). Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. May be involved in hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated signaling cascade by modulating LIP5 phosphorylation and subsequent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) trafficking. May phosphorylate regulators of WRKY transcription factors. Phosphorylates 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylic acid synthases (ACS2 and ACS6) and may be involved in the regulati [...] (395 aa) |
| | SKP1A | SKP1-like protein 1A; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends on the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. SCF(UFO) is required for vegetative and floral organ development as well as for male gametogenesis. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicate [...] (160 aa) |
| | CALS5 | Callose synthase 5; Required for the formation of the callose wall separating the tetraspores (interstitial wall) and surrounding the pollen mother cells (pheripheral wall). Required for exine formation on pollen wall. May be involved in callose synthesis during pollen tube growth. During plant growth and development, callose is found as a transitory component of the cell plate in dividing cells, is a major component of pollen mother cell walls and pollen tubes, and is found as a structural component of plasmodesmatal canals. (1923 aa) |
| | KRP1-2 | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1; Binds and inhibits CYCD2-1/CDKA-1 kinase complex activity. Regulates cell division which is crucial for plant growth, development and morphogenesis. Functions in turning cells from a mitotic to an endoreplicating cell cycle mode. Acts cell- and non-cell-autonomously to regulate endoreduplication by allowing S phase progression, but blocking entry into mitosis. Keeps on the one hand the plant cell cycle locally controlled, and on the other hand provides a possibility of linking cell cycle control in single cells with the supracellular organization of [...] (191 aa) |
| | ARID1 | AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1. (562 aa) |
| | RAD23D | Ubiquitin receptor RAD23d; May be involved in nucleotide excision repair (By similarity). Binds and presumably selects ubiquitin-conjugates for destruction. Prefers multiubiquitin chains rather than single ubiquitins, with a binding affinity for 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains. Acts as a ubiquitin receptor that associates with the 26S proteasomal docking subunit RPN10 for the indirect recognition of ubiquitinated substrates of ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated proteolysis (UPP) (By similarity); Belongs to the RAD23 family. (378 aa) |
| | RAD23A | Probable ubiquitin receptor RAD23a; May be involved in nucleotide excision repair (By similarity). Binds and presumably selects ubiquitin-conjugates for destruction. Prefers multiubiquitin chains rather than single ubiquitins, with a binding affinity for 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains. Acts as a ubiquitin receptor that associates with the 26S proteasomal docking subunit RPN10 for the indirect recognition of ubiquitinated substrates of ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated proteolysis (UPP) (By similarity); Belongs to the RAD23 family. (368 aa) |
| | RAD23B | Ubiquitin receptor RAD23b; May be involved in nucleotide excision repair (By similarity). Binds and presumably selects ubiquitin-conjugates for destruction. Prefers multiubiquitin chains rather than single ubiquitins, with a binding affinity for 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains. Acts as a ubiquitin receptor that associates with the 26S proteasomal docking subunit RPN10 for the indirect recognition of ubiquitinated substrates of ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated proteolysis (UPP); Belongs to the RAD23 family. (371 aa) |
| | BHLH10 | Transcription factor bHLH10. (458 aa) |
| | COX11 | Cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX11, mitochondrial; Exerts its effect at some terminal stage of cytochrome c oxidase synthesis, probably by being involved in the insertion of the copper B into subunit I; Belongs to the COX11/CtaG (TC 3.D.4.8) family. (287 aa) |
| | SWEET1 | Bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET1; Mediates both low-affinity uptake and efflux of sugar across the plasma membrane. Can transport glucose, and, to a lower extent, mannose, fructose and galactose. (247 aa) |
| | UGE3 | Bifunctional UDP-glucose 4-epimerase and UDP-xylose 4-epimerase 3; Catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-glucose and UDP- galactose and the interconversion between UDP-arabinose and UDP-xylose. Cooperates with UGE2 in pollen development. (351 aa) |
| | DRP1C | Dynamin-related protein 1C; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein that is targeted to the growing edges of the cell plate during cytokinesis. Plays also a major role in plasma membrane maintenance during pollen maturation; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (614 aa) |
| | SWEET8 | Bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET8; Mediates both low-affinity uptake and efflux of sugar across the plasma membrane. Required, in pollen, for microspore cell integrity and primexine pattern formation. (239 aa) |
| | HTR12 | Histone H3-like centromeric protein HTR12; Histone H3-like variant which exclusively replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the inner plate of the kinetochore. Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division (By similarity). (178 aa) |
| | APG3 | Peptide chain release factor APG3, chloroplastic; May direct the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain termination codon UAG. Required for normal chloroplast development and plays essential roles in the termination of translation in plastids. (422 aa) |
| | CUL1 | Cullin-1; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Regulator of mitotic processes which plays a role during gametogenesis and embryogenesis. Together with SKP1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends of the type of F-box protein. SCF(UFO) is implicated in floral organ development. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicated in phytochrome A light signaling. SCF(ADO1/ZTL), SCF(ADO2/LKP2), SCF(A [...] (738 aa) |
| | RPL16 | 60S ribosomal protein L16, mitochondrial; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family. (179 aa) |
| | PIRL1 | Plant intracellular Ras-group-related LRR protein 1; Leucine-rich repeat protein that likely mediates protein interactions, possibly in the context of signal transduction. PIRL1 acts redundantly with PIRL9 in the differentiation of microspores into pollen. (506 aa) |
| | HTR11 | Histone H3-like 5; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (139 aa) |
| | ABCG6 | ABC transporter G family member 6. (727 aa) |
| | T6J4.12 | Histone H3-like 1; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (136 aa) |
| | MGH3 | Histone H3-like 2; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (137 aa) |
| | SPS2-2 | Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 2; Plays a role in photosynthetic sucrose synthesis by catalyzing the rate-limiting step of sucrose biosynthesis from UDP- glucose and fructose- 6-phosphate. Involved in the regulation of carbon partitioning in the leaves of plants. May regulate the synthesis of sucrose and therefore play a major role as a limiting factor in the export of photoassimilates out of the leaf. Plays a role for sucrose availability that is essential for plant growth and fiber elongation. Required for nectar secretion. (1047 aa) |
| | MYB108 | Transcription factor MYB108; Transcription factor contributing to the regulation of stamen maturation and male fertility in response to jasmonate signaling. Required for correct timing of anther dehiscence. Acts as a negative regulator of abscisic acid-induced cell death. Not involved in the regulation of BOI. Regulated by MYB21 and at a lower level by MYB24. Negatively regulated by the proteasome in an SCF(COI1) E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex-dependent manner. (323 aa) |
| | CYP86A4 | Cytochrome P450 86A4; Catalyzes the omega-hydroxylation of various fatty acids (FA). Acts on saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with chain lengths from C12 to C18. Involved in the biosynthesis of 16-hydroxypalmitate. (554 aa) |
| | F10A5.19 | Histone H3-like 3; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (136 aa) |
| | PRFB1 | Peptide chain release factor PrfB1, chloroplastic; Directs the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain termination codon UGA. Required for the proper translation, stability and normal processing of UGA-containing polycistronic transcripts in chloroplasts. (456 aa) |
| | T24H18.80 | Histone H3-like 4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (131 aa) |
| | ALA6 | Phospholipid-transporting ATPase 6; Involved in transport of phospholipids and in regulation of pollen plasma membrane lipid asymmetry; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily. (1240 aa) |
| | rps14-2 | Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14. (164 aa) |
| | CUL2 | Cullin-2; Core component of multiple SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). (742 aa) |
| | ALDH2B4 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 2 member B4, mitochondrial; Possesses activity on acetaldehyde and glycolaldehyde in vitro; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. (538 aa) |
| | INP1 | Protein INAPERTURATE POLLEN1; Required for the formation of pollen surface apertures, which arise by restriction of exine deposition at specific sites. The aperture length depends on the INP1 dosage. Does not play a role in specifying the number or position of apertures. Acts in a sporophytic manner. (273 aa) |
| | ALDH7B4 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member B4. (508 aa) |
| | CCMFN1 | Cytochrome c biogenesis CcmF N-terminal-like mitochondrial protein 1; Forms a complex with CCMFC, CCMFN2 and CCMH that performs the assembly of heme with c-type apocytochromes in mitochondria. Belongs to the CcmF/CycK/Ccl1/NrfE/CcsA family. (382 aa) |
| | SR30 | Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor SR30; Regulatory splicing factor that modulates alternative splicing and gene expression in specific cell types. Autoregulates its own expression. Probably involved in intron recognition and spliceosome assembly; Belongs to the splicing factor SR family. SR subfamily. (268 aa) |
| | RF4 | Putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RF4. (823 aa) |
