STRINGSTRING
KNU KNU TPL TPL SHL SHL RING1A RING1A UBP12 UBP12 TOZ TOZ VIL1 VIL1 EMF1 EMF1 SR45 SR45 AZF1 AZF1 REF6 REF6 VIL2 VIL2 VEL3 VEL3 NDX NDX HDA19 HDA19 ZAT6 ZAT6 SNL3 SNL3 SAP18 SAP18 MEA MEA FIS2 FIS2 RING1B RING1B CCC1 CCC1 YY1 YY1 SKP1A SKP1A VIL3 VIL3 VAL2 VAL2 UBP13 UBP13 JMJ14 JMJ14 VRN1 VRN1 EMF2 EMF2 SUB SUB AL6 AL6 VAL1 VAL1 VRN2 VRN2 LHP1 LHP1
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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KNUZinc finger protein KNUCKLES; May function as a transcriptional repressor of cellular proliferation that regulates floral determinacy and relative size of basal pattern elements along the proximo-distal axis of the developing gynoecium. (161 aa)
TPLProtein TOPLESS; Transcriptional corepressor. May repress the expression of root-promoting genes in the top half of the embryo to allow proper differentiation of the shoot pole during the transition stage of embryogenesis. Regulates the expression of PLT1 and PLT2. Negative regulator of jasmonate responses. Negative regulator of auxin responses. Negative regulator of multiple floral organ identity genes. Required for ovule development. (1131 aa)
SHLChromatin remodeling protein SHL; Chromatin remodeling factor that binds to methylated histone (e.g. H3K4me2/3) to prevent their acetylation (e.g. H3K9K14Ac), likely by recruiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) complexes, and thus regulate the transcription of target genes. Required during development and for fertility, probably by modulating developmental gene expression. Promotes development speed, but at fitness cost. Involved in the chromatin-mediated repression of floral initiation and controls genes regulating flowering. Negatively regulates the expression of the floral integrator SO [...] (228 aa)
RING1APutative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1a; Putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-119' of histone H2A (H2AK119ub), thereby playing a central role in histone code and gene regulation. (522 aa)
UBP12Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 12; Recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins (By similarity). (1116 aa)
TOZTransducin family protein / WD-40 repeat family protein. (876 aa)
VIL1VIN3-like protein 1; Involved in both the vernalization and photoperiod pathways by regulating expression of the related floral repressors FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM). Together with VIN3, required during vernalization for the modifications of FLC and FLM chromatin that are associated with an epigenetically silenced state (e.g. chromatin modifications, histone deacetylation, and trimethylated H3 'Lys-4' H3K4me3 and 'Lys-27' H3K27me3) and with acquisition of competence to flower. Promotes flowering in short days (SD=8 hours light/16 hours dark). Associates dynamic [...] (602 aa)
EMF1Protein EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1; Transcription repressor that regulates phase transition during shoot, flower and seeds development. Controls leaves development, shoot architecture and flowering by delaying both the vegetative to reproductive transition and flower initiation. Participates in polycomb group (PcG) protein complex-mediated (including EMF2) silencing of the flower homeotic genes AGAMOUS (AG), PISTILLATA (PI), and APETALA3 (AP3), as well as of some regulatory genes such as ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), LONG VEGETATIVE PHASE1 (LOV1), and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) during vegeta [...] (1096 aa)
SR45Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor SR45; Involved in 5' and 3' splicing site selection of introns, and may bridge the 5' and 3' components of the spliceosome. Isoform 1 is required during flower petal development and isoform 2 is involved in root growth. Regulates negatively glucose and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during early seedling development. Involved in the RNA- directed DNA methylation pathway. Modulates KIN10 stability in response to sugars, probably through the splicing regulation of 5PTASE13, a protein implicated in the proteasomal degradation of KIN10. Belongs to the sp [...] (414 aa)
AZF1Zinc finger protein AZF1; Transcriptional repressor involved in the inhibition of plant growth under abiotic stress conditions. Can repress the expression of various genes, including osmotic stress and abscisic acid-repressive genes and auxin-inducible genes, by binding to their promoter regions in a DNA sequence-specific manner. (245 aa)
REF6Lysine-specific demethylase REF6; Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3. Demethylates both tri- (H3K27me3) and di-methylated (H3K27me2) H3K27me. Demethylates also H3K4me3/2 and H3K36me3/2 in an in vitro assay. Involved in the transcriptional regulation of hundreds of genes regulating developmental patterning and responses to various stimuli. Binds DNA via its four zinc fingers in a sequence- specific manner, 5'-CTCTGYTY-3', to promote the demethylation of H3K27me3 and the regulation of organ boundary formation. Involved in the regulation of flowering ti [...] (1360 aa)
VIL2VIN3-like protein 2; Maybe involved in both the vernalization and photoperiod pathways by regulating gene expression. Binds preferentially to dimethylated histone H3 'Lys-9' (H3K9me2). Promotes flowering in non- inductive photoperiods (e.g. short days) through the maintenance of the epigenetically repressed state of MAF5 via H3K9me2 and plant homeodomain / polycomb repressive complex 2 (PHD-PRC2)-dependent H3K27me3. (714 aa)
VEL3Vernalization5/VIN3-like protein. (239 aa)
NDXNodulin homeobox; Regulates COOLAIR, a set of antisense transcripts originating from the 3' end of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). Associates with single- stranded DNA that is part of an RNA-DNA hybrid, or R-loop, that covers the COOLAIR promoter. R-loop stabilization mediated by NDX inhibits COOLAIR transcription, which in turn modifies FLC expression. (913 aa)
HDA19Histone deacetylase 19; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. HDA19 is involved in jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling of pathogen response. Part of a repressor complex including APETALA2 (AP2) and TOPLESS (TPL) that control the expression domains of numerous flora [...] (501 aa)
ZAT6Zinc finger protein ZAT6; Probable transcription factor that regulates root development and phosphate (Pi) acquisition and homeostasis. Probably acts as a repressor of primary root growth and regulates Pi homeostasis through the control of root architecture. (238 aa)
SNL3Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3-like 3; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Interacts with ERF7 to repress genes in abscisic acid and drought stress responses. The heterodimer represses transcription by tethering SNL3 to DNA. (1330 aa)
SAP18Histone deacetylase complex subunit SAP18; Links the histone deacetylase complex to transcriptional repressors bound to chromatin. Involved in the tethering of the SIN3 complex to core histone proteins. (152 aa)
MEAHistone-lysine N-methyltransferase MEDEA; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of some PcG multiprotein complex, which methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target genes. Required to prevent the proliferation of the central cell of the female gametophyte by repressing target genes before fertilization. After fertilization, it probably also regulates the embryo and endosperm proliferation and anteroposterior organization during seed development. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintai [...] (689 aa)
FIS2Polycomb group protein FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT SEED 2; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Required to prevent the proliferation of the central cell by repressing unknown target genes before fertilization. Regul [...] (755 aa)
RING1BPutative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1b; Putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-119' of histone H2A (H2AK119ub), thereby playing a central role in histone code and gene regulation. (460 aa)
CCC1Cation-chloride cotransporter 1; Cation/chloride cotransporter that mediates potassium- chloride and sodium-chloride cotransports. Involved in plant development and Cl(-) homeostasis. May be involved in long distance Cl(-) transport. Does not function as an H(+)-dependent cotransporter. (975 aa)
YY1Zinc finger transcription factor YY1; Dual-function transcription factor with both repression and activation activities. Binds to 5'-CCATATT-3' motif in target gene promoters (e.g. ABR1). Binds also to G-rich DNA motif 5'-GGGGGCAGTGG-3'. Regulates the expression of genes involved in diverse cellular pathways, including glucose metabolism, photosynthesis, phototropism and stress response (e.g. salt, drought and osmotic stress). Regulates plant immunity, especially during necrotrophic fungal infection (e.g. B.cinerea). Binds to ABR1 promoter and promotes its expression, thus negatively r [...] (387 aa)
SKP1ASKP1-like protein 1A; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends on the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. SCF(UFO) is required for vegetative and floral organ development as well as for male gametogenesis. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicate [...] (160 aa)
VIL3VIN3-like protein 3; Involved in both the vernalization and photoperiod pathways by regulating gene expression. (529 aa)
VAL2B3 domain-containing transcription repressor VAL2; Transcriptional repressor of gene expression involved in embryonic pathways, such as LEC1, ABI3, and FUS3. Repressor of the sugar-inducible genes involved in the seed maturation program in seedlings. Plays an essential role in regulating the transition from seed maturation to seedling growth. Functionally redundant with VAL1/HSI2. (780 aa)
UBP13Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 13; Recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (1115 aa)
JMJ14Probable lysine-specific demethylase JMJ14; Transcriptional repressor. Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) of histone H3 with a higher activity for H3K4me3 and H3K4me2 than H3K4me1. No activity on H3K9me3/2, H3K36me3/2 and H3K27me3/2. Represses FT and TSF expression to inhibit the floral transition. Binds around the transcription start site of the FT locus. Involved in the DRM2-mediated maintenance of DNA methylation, but not required for the de novo DNA methylation. Required for demethylating histone H3K4me3 at the target of RNA silencing. Together with NAC051/NAC05 [...] (954 aa)
VRN1B3 domain-containing transcription factor VRN1; Involved in the regulation of vernalization. Acts as transcriptional repressor of FLC, a major target of the vernalization pathway. Binds DNA in vitro in a non-sequence-specific manner. (341 aa)
EMF2Polycomb group protein EMBRYONIC FLOWER 2; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Involved in flowering processes by repressing unknown target genes and preventing reproductive development. Participates in polycomb group (PcG) protein complex- mediated (probably in complex with EMF1) silencing of the flower homeotic genes AGAMOUS (AG), PISTILLATA (PI), and APETALA3 (AP3), as well as of some regulatory genes such as ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), LONG VEGETATIVE PHASE1 (LOV1), and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) during vegetative development, by mediating trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 on the [...] (631 aa)
SUBProtein STRUBBELIG; Regulates the expression of transcription factors that define the cell fates. Acts in a non-cell-autonomous fashion, functions in a radial inside-out signaling process, and mediates cell morphogenesis and cell fate across clonally distinct cell layers in floral primordia, developing ovules, and root meristems. Seems to be required for the regulation of cell shape and the orientation of the mitotic division plane. Involved in root hair specification, in the formation of the outer integument and the shape of organs such as carpels and petals and is necessary for the s [...] (768 aa)
AL6PHD finger protein ALFIN-LIKE 6; Histone-binding component that specifically recognizes H3 tails trimethylated on 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3), which mark transcription start sites of virtually all active genes; Belongs to the Alfin family. (256 aa)
VAL1B3 domain-containing transcription repressor VAL1; Transcriptional repressor of gene expression involved in embryonic pathways, such as LEC1, ABI3, and FUS3. Repressor of the sugar-inducible genes involved in the seed maturation program in seedlings. Plays an essential role in regulating the transition from seed maturation to seedling growth. Functionally redundant with VAL2/HSL1. (790 aa)
VRN2Polycomb group protein VERNALIZATION 2; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Plays a central role in vernalization by maintaining repressed the homeotic gene FLC, a floral repressor, after a cold treatment. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Associa [...] (440 aa)
LHP1Chromo domain-containing protein LHP1; Structural component of heterochromatin involved in gene repression, including several floral homeotic genes and FLT that regulates flowering time. Required for maintenance of vernalization- induced repression of FLC. As part of the PRC1-like complex, recognizes and binds histone H3 tails methylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me), leading to epigenetic repression. PcG PRC1 complex maintains the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling a [...] (445 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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