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F1C9.19 | Transferase. (666 aa) | ||||
HY5 | Transcription factor HY5; Transcription factor that promotes photomorphogenesis in light. Acts downstream of the light receptor network and directly affects transcription of light-induced genes. Specifically involved in the blue light specific pathway, suggesting that it participates in transmission of cryptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2) signals to downstream responses. In darkness, its degradation prevents the activation of light-induced genes (Probable). Acts coordinately with SPL7 to regulate the microRNA miR408 and its target genes in response to changes in light and copper conditions. R [...] (168 aa) | ||||
PHOT1 | Phototropin-1; Protein kinase that acts as a blue light photoreceptor in a signal-transduction pathway for photo-induced movements. Phosphorylates BLUS1, a kinase involved in stomatal opening. Required for blue light mediated mRNA destabilization. Mediates calcium spiking of extracellular origin in response to a low rate of blue light. Also mediates rapid membrane depolarization and growth inhibition in response to blue light. Necessary for root phototropism. Involved in hypocotyl phototropism under a low rate but not under a high rate of blue light. Contributes to the chloroplast accu [...] (996 aa) | ||||
PIF3 | Transcription factor PIF3; Transcription factor acting positively in the phytochrome signaling pathway. Activates transcription by binding to the G box (5'- CACGTG-3'). (524 aa) | ||||
CHS | Chalcone synthase; The primary product of this enzyme is 4,2',4',6'- tetrahydroxychalcone (also termed naringenin-chalcone or chalcone) which can under specific conditions spontaneously isomerize into naringenin. (395 aa) | ||||
PHYA | Phytochrome A; Regulatory photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the Pr form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the Pfr form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Photoconversion of Pr to Pfr induces an array of morphogenetic responses, whereas reconversion of Pfr to Pr cancels the induction of those responses. Pfr controls the expression of a number of nuclear genes including those encoding the small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase, chlorophyll A/B binding protein, protochlorophyllide reduct [...] (1122 aa) | ||||
CHLI1 | Magnesium-chelatase subunit ChlI-1, chloroplastic; Involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Catalyzes the insertion of magnesium ion into protoporphyrin IX to yield Mg-protoporphyrin IX. The magnesium-chelatase is a complex of three subunits, CHLI, CHLD and CHLH. The reaction takes place in two steps, with an ATP-dependent activation followed by an ATP-dependent chelation step. Possesses high affinity for ATP and may play a major role in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Does not bind abscisic acid (ABA), but is a positive regulator of ABA signaling. (424 aa) | ||||
PAL1 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (725 aa) | ||||
PHYE | Phytochrome E; Regulatory photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the Pr form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the Pfr form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Photoconversion of Pr to Pfr induces an array of morphogenic responses, whereas reconversion of Pfr to Pr cancels the induction of those responses. Pfr controls the expression of a number of nuclear genes including those encoding the small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase, chlorophyll A/B binding protein, protochlorophyllide reductas [...] (1112 aa) | ||||
COP1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase COP1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a repressor of photomorphogenesis and as an activator of etiolation in darkness. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Represses photomorphogenesis in darkness by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of light-induced transcription factors such as HY5, HYH and LAF1. Down-regulates MYB21, probably via ubiquitination process. Light stimuli abrogate the repre [...] (675 aa) | ||||
PAL2 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 2; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (717 aa) | ||||
PAL3 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 3; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton. (694 aa) | ||||
DFRA | Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; Bifunctional enzyme involved in flavonoid metabolism. (382 aa) | ||||
CYP73A5 | Trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase; Controls carbon flux to pigments essential for pollination or UV protection, to numerous pytoalexins synthesized by plants when challenged by pathogens, and to lignins. (505 aa) | ||||
PHOT2 | Phototropin-2; Protein kinase that acts as a blue light photoreceptor in a signal-transduction pathway for photo-induced movements. Phosphorylates BLUS1, a kinase involved in stomatal opening. Mediates calcium spiking of extra- and intracellular origins in response to blue light. Involved in hypocotyl phototropism. Contributes to the chloroplast accumulation in low blue light and mediates their translocation (avoidance response) at high fluence. Regulates stomata opening and photomorphogenesis response of leaf tissue. Not involved in hypocotyl elongation inhibition, anthocyanin accumul [...] (915 aa) | ||||
CHLI2 | Magnesium-chelatase subunit ChlI-2, chloroplastic; Involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Catalyzes the insertion of magnesium ion into protoporphyrin IX to yield Mg-protoporphyrin IX. The reaction takes place in two steps, with an ATP-dependent activation followed by an ATP-dependent chelation step. Possesses low affinity for ATP and may play a limited role in chlorophyll biosynthesis, and contributes to the assembly of the Mg-chelatase complex. (418 aa) | ||||
LDOX | Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. Possesses low flavonol synthase activity in vitro towards dihydrokaempferol and dihydroquercetin producing kaempferol and quercitin, respectively. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (356 aa) | ||||
FLS1 | Flavonol synthase/flavanone 3-hydroxylase; Catalyzes the formation of flavonols from dihydroflavonols. It can act on dihydrokaempferol to produce kaempferol, on dihydroquercetin to produce quercitin and on dihydromyricetin to produce myricetin. In vitro catalyzes the oxidation of both enantiomers of naringenin to give both cis- and trans-dihydrokaempferol. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (336 aa) | ||||
CRY2 | Cryptochrome-2; Photoreceptor that mediates primarily blue light inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and photoperiodic control of floral initiation, and regulates other light responses, including circadian rhythms, tropic growth, stomata opening, guard cell development, root development, bacterial and viral pathogen responses, abiotic stress responses, cell cycles, programmed cell death, apical dominance, fruit and ovule development, seed dormancy, and magnetoreception. Photoexcited cryptochromes interact with signaling partner proteins to alter gene expression at both transcriptional a [...] (612 aa) | ||||
BZIP8 | Basic leucine zipper 8; Belongs to the bZIP family. (138 aa) | ||||
A3G2XYLT | Anthocyanidin 3-O-glucoside 2'''-O-xylosyltransferase; Contributes to the last few anthocyanin biosynthetic steps. Converts cyanidin 3-O-glucoside to cyanidin 3-O-xylosyl(1->2)glucoside. Can use 3-O-glucosylated anthocyanidins/flavonols and uridine diphosphate (UDP)-xylose as substrates. (468 aa) | ||||
F3H | Naringenin,2-oxoglutarate 3-dioxygenase; Catalyzes the 3-beta-hydroxylation of 2S-flavanones to 2R,3R- dihydroflavonols which are intermediates in the biosynthesis of flavonols, anthocyanidins, catechins and proanthocyanidins in plants. (358 aa) | ||||
CYP75B1 | Flavonoid 3'-monooxygenase; Catalyzes the 3'-hydroxylation of the flavonoid B-ring to the 3',4'-hydroxylated state. Convert naringenin to eriodictyol and dihydrokaempferol to dihydroquercetin; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (513 aa) | ||||
PAL4 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 4; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (707 aa) |