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RGA | DELLA protein RGA; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression in seeds. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Compared to other DELLA proteins, it is the most sensitive to GA application. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene, attenu [...] (587 aa) | ||||
ITPK3 | Inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase 3; Kinase that can phosphorylate various inositol polyphosphate such as Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 or Ins(1,3,4)P3. Phosphorylates Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 to form InsP5. This reaction is thought to have regulatory importance, since Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 is an inhibitor of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels, while Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 is not (By similarity). Also phosphorylates Ins(1,3,4)P3 or a racemic mixture of Ins(1,4,6)P3 and Ins(3,4,6)P3 to form InsP4. Ins(1,3,4,6)P4 is an essential molecule in the hexakisphosphate (InsP6) pathway (By similarity). (353 aa) | ||||
RHM1 | UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose 3,5-epimerase/UDP-4-keto-L-rhamnose 4-keto-reductase; Trifunctional enzyme involved in UDP-beta-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, a precursor of the primary cell wall components rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). Plays a major role in supplying UDP-rhamnose for flavonol biosynthesis. Catalyzes the dehydration of UDP-glucose to form UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy- D-glucose followed by the epimerization of the C3' and C5' positions of UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose to form UDP-4-keto-beta-L-rhamnose and the reduction of UDP-4-keto-beta-L-rhamnose [...] (669 aa) | ||||
GH3.2 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.2; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D and 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) cannot be used as substrates [...] (549 aa) | ||||
GH3.10 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.10; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin (By similarity). Involved in red light- specific hypocotyl elongation. May act downstream of a red light signal transduction and determine the degree of hypocotyl elongation ; Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family. (591 aa) | ||||
EGC2 | EG45-like domain containing protein 2; Plays a systemic role in water and solute homeostasis. (130 aa) | ||||
GH3.4 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.4; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D and 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) cannot be used as substrates [...] (597 aa) | ||||
GAI | DELLA protein GAI; Transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Transcription coactivator of the zinc finger transcription factors GAF1/IDD2 and ENY/IDD1 in regulation of gibberellin homeostasis and signaling. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression. In contrast to RGA, it is less sensitive to GA. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene [...] (533 aa) | ||||
GH3.6 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.6; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D and 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) cannot be used as substrates [...] (612 aa) | ||||
ERF106 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF106; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (207 aa) | ||||
GID1B | Gibberellin receptor GID1B; Functions as soluble gibberellin (GA) receptor. GA is an essential hormone that regulates growth and development in plants. Binds with high affinity the biologically active gibberellin GA4, but has no affinity for the biologically inactive GAs. In response to GA, interacts with specific DELLA proteins, known as repressors of GA- induced growth, and targets them for degradation via proteasome. Seems to be required for GA signaling that controls root growth, seed germination and flower development. May function as a dominant GA receptor at low GA concentration [...] (358 aa) | ||||
T31B5_170 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (587 aa) | ||||
GH3.12 | 4-substituted benzoates-glutamate ligase GH3.12; Catalyzes the conjugation of specific amino acids (e.g. Glu and possibly His, Lys, and Met) to their preferred acyl substrates (e.g. 4-substituted benzoates), in a magnesium ion- and ATP-dependent manner. Can use 4-substituted benzoates such as 4-aminobenzoate (pABA), 4-fluorobenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA), and, to a lesser extent, benzoate, vanillate and trans-cinnamate, but not 2-substituted benzoates and salicylic acid (SA), as conjugating acyl substrates. Involved in both basal and induced resistance in a SA-dependent manner. [...] (575 aa) | ||||
WAKL17 | Wall-associated receptor kinase-like 17; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that may function as a signaling receptor of extracellular matrix component. (786 aa) | ||||
IPCS1 | Phosphatidylinositol:ceramide inositolphosphotransferase 1; Catalyzes the transfer of the phosphorylinositol group from phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phytoceramide, an essential step in sphingolipid biosynthesis. (305 aa) | ||||
GID1A | Gibberellin receptor GID1A; Functions as soluble gibberellin (GA) receptor. GA is an essential hormone that regulates growth and development in plants. Binds with high affinity the biologically active gibberellin GA4, but has no affinity for the biologically inactive GAs. In response to GA, interacts with specific DELLA proteins, known as repressors of GA- induced growth, and targets them for degradation via proteasome. Seems to be required for GA signaling that controls root growth, seed germination, stem elongation and flower development. Partially redundant with GID1B and GID1C; Bel [...] (345 aa) | ||||
JAR1 | Jasmonoyl--L-amino acid synthetase JAR1; Catalyzes the synthesis of jasmonates-amino acid conjugates by adenylation; can use Ile and, in vitro at least, Val, Leu and Phe as conjugating amino acids on jasmonic acid (JA) and 9,10-dihydro-JA substrates, and to a lower extent, on 3-oxo-2-(2Z-pentenyl)- cyclopentane-1-butyric acid (OPC-4) and 12-hydroxy-JA (12-OH-JA). Can synthesize adenosine 5-tetraphosphate in vitro. Required for the JA- mediated signaling pathway that regulates many developmental and defense mechanisms, including growth root inhibition, vegetative storage proteins (VSPs) [...] (575 aa) | ||||
TIR | Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-like protein; Disease resistance protein. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via a direct or indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth (By similarity). (176 aa) | ||||
F11I4.15 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (576 aa) | ||||
T23G18.12 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein. (132 aa) | ||||
T22N19.10 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (672 aa) | ||||
T22N19.30 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (624 aa) | ||||
GH3.3 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.3; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D and 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) cannot be used as substrates [...] (595 aa) | ||||
BRI1 | Protein BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1; Receptor with a dual specificity kinase activity acting on both serine/threonine- and tyrosine-containing substrates. Regulates, in response to brassinosteroid binding, a signaling cascade involved in plant development, including expression of light- and stress-regulated genes, promotion of cell elongation, normal leaf and chloroplast senescence, and flowering. Binds brassinolide, and less effectively castasterone, but not 2,3,22,23-O-tetramethylbrassinolide or ecdysone. May be involved in a feedback regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Pho [...] (1196 aa) | ||||
T26J12.7 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (578 aa) | ||||
RMA1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RMA1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of aquaporin PIP2-1. Forms a ubiquitin ligase complex in cooperation with the E2 enzymes UCB8/UCB10. (249 aa) | ||||
GH3.5 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.5; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D and 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) cannot be used as substrates [...] (612 aa) | ||||
GH3.9 | Putative indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.9; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin; Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family. (585 aa) | ||||
GH3.1 | Probable indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.1; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin; Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family. (590 aa) | ||||
CHI-B | Basic endochitinase B; Defense against chitin-containing fungal pathogens. Seems particularly implicated in resistance to jasmonate-inducing pathogens such as A.brassicicola. In vitro antifungal activity against T.reesei, but not against A.solani, F.oxysporum, S.sclerotiorum, G.graminis and P.megasperma. (335 aa) | ||||
AP2 | Floral homeotic protein APETALA 2; Probable transcriptional activator that promotes early floral meristem identity. Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. Plays a central role in the specification of floral identity, particularly for the normal development of sepals and petals in the wild-type flower, by spatially controlling the expression domains of multiple floral organ identity genes. Acts as A class cadastral protein by repressing the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS in association with other repressors like LEUNIG and [...] (432 aa) | ||||
NPR1 | Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa) | ||||
ACO4 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4; Enzyme involved in the ethylene biosynthesis. May promote stem elongation by maximizing the extensibility cells, possibly by activating ethylene biosynthesis, in response to very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs C20:0 to C30:0); Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (323 aa) | ||||
BCB | Blue copper protein; Probably acts as an electron carrier. (196 aa) | ||||
RPP13L4 | Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4; CC-NB-LRR receptor-like protein required for recognition of the Pseudomonas syringae type III effector HopZ1a. Confers allele- specific recognition and virulence attenuation of HopZ1a. Immunity mediated by ZAR1 is independent of several genes required by other resistance protein signaling pathways such as NDR1 and RAR1. Belongs to the disease resistance NB-LRR family. RPP13 subfamily. (852 aa) | ||||
RPM1 | Disease resistance protein RPM1; Disease resistance (R) protein that specifically recognizes the AvrRpm1 type III effector avirulence protein from Pseudomonas syringae. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. Acts via its interaction with RIN4, and probably triggers the plant resistance when RIN4 is phosphorylated by AvrRpm1. It is then degraded at the onset of th [...] (926 aa) | ||||
SAG101 | Senescence-associated carboxylesterase 101; Acyl hydrolase that triggers the leaf senescence onset. Can use triolein as substrate to produce oleic acids. (537 aa) | ||||
CKX5 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 5; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (540 aa) | ||||
PME13 | Probable pectinesterase/pectinesterase inhibitor 13; Acts in the modification of cell walls via demethylesterification of cell wall pectin; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the PMEI family. (614 aa) | ||||
RGL2 | DELLA protein RGL2; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Acts as a major GA-response repressor of seed germination, including seed thermoinhibition. Promotes the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), especially in seed coats to maintain seed dormancy. Delays flowering and adu [...] (547 aa) | ||||
ACS12 | Probable aminotransferase ACS12; Probable aminotransferase. Does not have 1-aminocyclopropane- 1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) activity, suggesting that it is not involved in ethylene biosynthesis. (495 aa) | ||||
GH3.15 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.15; Indole-3-acetic acid-amido (IAA) synthetase that catalyzes the conjugation of amino acids to auxin specifically using the auxin precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and glutamine and, possibly, cysteine as substrates. Displays high catalytic activity with the auxinic phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB) and to some extent 2,4-dichlorophenoxylacetic acid (2,4-D) as substrates, thus confering resistance to herbicides. Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family. (595 aa) | ||||
TIFY5A | Protein TIFY 5A; Repressor of jasmonate responses. Unable to associate strongly with COI1 in the presence of jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and is therefore more resistant to JA-mediated-degradation than other TIFY/JAZ proteins. Repress gene expression through direct recruitment of the corepressor TOPLESS to cognate transcription factors. (131 aa) | ||||
BZR1 | Protein BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1; Transcriptional repressor that binds to the brassinosteroid (BR) response element (BRRE) 5'-CGTG(T/C)G-3' in gene promoter. Regulates positively the brassinosteroid-signaling pathway. Mediates downstream growth responses and negative feedback regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Promotes growth. Modulates ovule initiation and development by monitoring the expression of genes related to ovule development (e.g. HLL, ANT, and AP2). (336 aa) | ||||
TIFY9 | Protein TIFY 9; Modulator of growth inhibition. Isoform 2 and isoform 3, but not isoform 1, confer a strong methyl-jasmonate insensitivity. Not involved in the growth response to salicylic acid or indole-3-acetic acid. Isoform 3 acts as an endogenous repressor of JA signal output in JA-stimulated cells ; Belongs to the TIFY/JAZ family. (197 aa) | ||||
GID1C | Gibberellin receptor GID1C; Functions as soluble gibberellin (GA) receptor. GA is an essential hormone that regulates growth and development in plants. Binds with high affinity the biologically active gibberellin GA4, but has no affinity for the biologically inactive GAs. In response to GA, interacts with specific DELLA proteins, known as repressors of GA- induced growth, and targets them for degradation via proteasome. Seems to be required for GA signaling that controls root growth, seed germination and stem elongation. Partially redundant with GID1A and GID1B; Belongs to the 'GDXG' l [...] (344 aa) | ||||
CYP707A1 | Abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 1; Involved in the oxidative degradation of abscisic acid. Plays an important role in determining abscisic acid levels in dry seeds and in the control of postgermination growth; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (467 aa) | ||||
F11I4.14 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (525 aa) | ||||
RGL1 | DELLA protein RGL1; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Has overlapping but distinct roles in GA signaling compared to RGA and GAI. Regulates the floral development. May also participate in seed germination and in ovule and anther development. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene. (511 aa) | ||||
BZIP8 | Basic leucine zipper 8; Belongs to the bZIP family. (138 aa) | ||||
K17N15.2 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (581 aa) | ||||
ADR1 | Disease resistance protein ADR1; Disease resistance (R) protein that mediates resistance against Hyaloperonospora parasitica in a salicylic acid-dependent manner. Also mediates resistance against Erysiphe cichoracearum is both salicylic acid-dependent and partially NPR1-dependent. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. (787 aa) | ||||
GH3.17 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.17; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Appears to favor Glu over Asp while the other GH3 favor Asp over Glu. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4- [...] (609 aa) | ||||
CML27 | Probable calcium-binding protein CML27; Potential calcium sensor. (170 aa) | ||||
RGL3 | DELLA protein RGL3; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Its activity may be regulated by phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene (By similarity); Belongs to the GRAS family. DELLA subfamily. (523 aa) | ||||
ASPG2 | Protein ASPARTIC PROTEASE IN GUARD CELL 2; Aspartic protease that may be involved in drought avoidance through abscisic acid signaling; Belongs to the peptidase A1 family. (470 aa) | ||||
TIFY10A | Protein TIFY 10A; Repressor of jasmonate responses. Jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA- Ile) specifically promotes COI1-TIFY10A/JAZ1 interaction. Interacts with COI1 and inositol pentakisphosphate to form a high-affinity jasmonates coreceptor. (253 aa) | ||||
BZR2 | Protein BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 2; Positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Transcription factor that activates target gene expression by binding specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'(E box) through its N- terminal domain. Can bind individually to the promoter as a homodimer or synergistically as a heterodimer with BIM1, BIM2 or BIM3. The C- terminal domain is probably involved in transcriptional activation. Recruits the transcription elongation factor IWS1 to control BR- regulated gene expression. Forms a trimeric complex with IWS1 and ASHH2/SDG8 to regulate BR-reg [...] (335 aa) | ||||
ACS10 | Probable aminotransferase ACS10; Probable aminotransferase. Does not have 1-aminocyclopropane- 1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) activity, suggesting that it is not involved in ethylene biosynthesis. (557 aa) |