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| | FTSH1 | ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSH 1, chloroplastic; Part of a complex that function as an ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase. Involved in the thylakoid formation and in the removal of damaged D1 in the photosystem II, preventing cell death under high-intensity light conditions. (716 aa) |
| | PRORP1 | Proteinaceous RNase P 1, chloroplastic/mitochondrial; Endonuclease RNase P responsible for the 5' maturation of tRNA precursors. Preferentially cleaves at the unusual cleavage site, but also able to cleave at the classical cleavage site. Also involved in the maturation of mRNAs in mitochondria. (572 aa) |
| | PRORP2 | Proteinaceous RNase P 2; Endonuclease RNase P responsible for the 5' maturation of tRNA precursors. Preferentially binds precursor tRNAs containing short 5' leaders and 3' trailers. Also involved in the maturation of mRNA and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) ; Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (528 aa) |
| | PCMP-H75 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At2g25580; Belongs to the PPR family. PCMP-H subfamily. (615 aa) |
| | MOC1 | Holliday junction resolvase MOC1, chloroplastic; A structure-specific endonuclease that resolves Holliday junction (HJ) intermediates during genetic recombination. Cleaves 4-way DNA junctions introducing paired nicks in opposing strands, leaving a 5'-terminal phosphate and a 3'-terminal hydroxyl group that are ligated to produce recombinant products. Mediates chloroplast nucleoid segregation during chloroplast division. (273 aa) |
| | P67 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At4g16390, chloroplastic; Involved in chloroplast RNA processing. Can bind RNA. Involved in chloroplast development. Involved in chloroplast ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing and/or translation. Required for FtsH-mediated chloroplast biogenesis. Involved in translation and accumulation of chloroplast ATP synthase subunits. Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (702 aa) |
| | OCP3 | Protein OVEREXPRESSOR OF CATIONIC PEROXIDASE 3; May modulate chromatin structure by regulation of nucleosome assembly/disassembly (By similarity). Homeodomain transcription factor that mediates jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated COI1-dependent and abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated PMR4-dependent resistance to infection by necrotrophic fungal pathogens (e.g. B.cinerea and P.cucumerina) and bacterial pathogens (e.g. P.syringae DC3000); this resistance involves at least callose deposition. Required for the P.fluorescens WCS417r-triggered JA- dependent induced systemic resistance (ISR) against both P. [...] (354 aa) |
| | ORRM1 | Organelle RRM domain-containing protein 1, chloroplastic; Involved in C-to-U editing of chloroplastic RNA. Functions as major chloroplastic editing factor. Controls 62 percent of the chloroplastic editing sites. Binds RNA close to ORRM1-dependent editing sites in vitro. Binds the editing recognition trans-factors PCMP- H51/CRR28 and PCMP-H12/OTP82. (374 aa) |
| | CFM2 | CRM-domain containing factor CFM2, chloroplastic; Binds specific group II introns in chloroplasts and facilitates their splicing. Acts on both subgroup IIA and subgroup IIB introns. The substrates of the subgroup IIB also require the CRM domain proteins CAF1 or CAF2, with a simultaneous binding of CFM2 and CAF1 or CAF2. Can bind to and promote the splicing of the single group I intron in chloroplast tRNA transcript of trnL-UAA gene. (1011 aa) |
| | RH3 | DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 3, chloroplastic; Nuclear genome-encoded factor involved in ribosome biogenesis in chloroplasts. Binds specific group II introns in chloroplasts and facilitates their splicing. Is required for rRNA maturation in plastids and may contribute to the assembly of the large (50S) ribosomal subunit. Required for normal development of chloroplasts. Required for the expression of transcripts encoding plastid-localized enzymes involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Required for maintenance of ABA levels and response to salt stress. Possesses RNA chapero [...] (748 aa) |
| | PCMP-H26 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At2g02980, chloroplastic; Involved in RNA editing event in chloroplasts. Required for the editing of a single site in ndhD transcript, which is a plastid- encoded subunits of the chloroplast NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) complex. Not essential for the activity of the NDH complex of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. (603 aa) |
| | VAR3 | Zinc finger protein VAR3, chloroplastic; Probable component of some protein complex required for chloroplast and palisade cell development. Involved in C-to-U editing of chloroplastic RNA. Controls a large number of chloroplastic editing sites. Binds the editing recognition trans- factors PCMP-H51/CRR28 and PCMP-H12/OTP82. (758 aa) |
| | SOT1 | Cytosolic sulfotransferase 1; Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor; Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. (331 aa) |
| | CAF2 | CRS2-associated factor 2, chloroplastic; Essential protein required for the splicing of group IIB introns in chloroplasts. Forms splicing particles with CRS2. Interacts with RNA and confers intron specificity of the splicing particles. (564 aa) |
| | PGL1-2 | Probable 6-phosphogluconolactonase 1; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 6-phosphogluconolactone to 6- phosphogluconate. (268 aa) |
| | T15B3_50 | MutS2. (195 aa) |
| | F9G14_170 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At5g02860; Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (819 aa) |
| | PCMP-H83 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At3g63370, chloroplastic; Involved in RNA editing event in chloroplasts. Required for the editing of a single site in rps14 transcript. (960 aa) |
| | EMB1796 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At3g49240, mitochondrial; May play a role in embryogenesis. Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (629 aa) |
| | PCMP-H73 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At1g15510, chloroplastic; Regulates the RNA editing of the chloroplast transcript accD, and is essential for the early stages of chloroplast biogenesis. Required for the RNA editing of the chloroplast transcript ndhF. (866 aa) |
| | PTAC2 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At1g74850, chloroplastic; Involved in plastid gene expression. Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (862 aa) |
| | GUN1 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At2g31400, chloroplastic. (918 aa) |
| | PCMP-E76 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At2g13600; Belongs to the PPR family. PCMP-E subfamily. (697 aa) |
| | rps14-2 | Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14. (164 aa) |
| | RNC1 | Ribonuclease III domain-containing protein RNC1, chloroplastic; Binds specific group II introns in chloroplasts and facilitates their splicing. Acts on both subgroup IIA and subgroup IIB introns. The substrates of the subgroup II also require the CRM domain proteins CAF1 or CAF2. Binds both single-stranded and double-stranded RNA non-specifically, but lacks endonuclease activity. Required for plastid ribosome biogenesis. (537 aa) |
| | OTP51 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At2g15820, chloroplastic; Promotes the splicing of group II introns in chloroplasts. Required for the splicing of intron 2 of plastid ycf3 transcripts, a factor required for the assembly of photosystem I (PSI). Involved in the splicing of several other group-IIa introns. May be involved in the splicing of precursor forms of trnL, trnG, trnI, and trnA. Required for the assembly of PSI and PSII. (849 aa) |
| | MTERF4 | Transcription termination factor MTERF4, chloroplastic; Transcription termination factor required for processing and steady-state levels of plastid transcripts. Required for splicing of the chloroplastic Clp protease (ClpP) group IIa intron. Required for maturation of 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA in the chloroplast. Essential for embryogenesis. Required for the maintenance of the correct levels of transcripts in the mitochondria and chloroplasts. Belongs to the mTERF family. (541 aa) |
| | nad5 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. (669 aa) |
| | rps7 | Ribosomal protein S7. (148 aa) |
| | ccmFC | Cytochrome c biogenesis FC. (442 aa) |
| | nad4 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. (495 aa) |
| | nad3 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 3; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. (118 aa) |
| | rps12 | Ribosomal protein S12; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family. (125 aa) |
| | matR | Maturase. (656 aa) |
| | WTF1 | Protein WHAT'S THIS FACTOR 1 homolog, chloroplastic; RNA-binding protein involved in group II intron splicing. Binds specific group II introns and promotes their splicing. Functions in the context of a heterodimer with the ribonuclease III domain- containing protein RNC1. (528 aa) |
| | PRORP3 | Proteinaceous RNase P 3; Endonuclease RNase P responsible for the 5' maturation of tRNA precursors. Also involved in the maturation of mRNA and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA); Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (576 aa) |
| | rbcL | Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain; RuBisCO catalyzes two reactions: the carboxylation of D- ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, the primary event in carbon dioxide fixation, as well as the oxidative fragmentation of the pentose substrate in the photorespiration process. Both reactions occur simultaneously and in competition at the same active site. Belongs to the RuBisCO large chain family. Type I subfamily. (479 aa) |
| | CRR4 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At2g45350, chloroplastic; Plays a major role in chloroplast RNA editing. Acts as a site-recognition transacting factor to recruit C-deaminase. Involved in single RNA editing events. Required for the edition of the site 1 of ndhD (ndhD-1 site corresponding to cytidine-2), which is a plastid-encoded subunit of the NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase. The interaction with DYW1 is required for its function in editing the ndhD-1 site. Belongs to the PPR family. PCMP-E subfamily. (613 aa) |
| | PER3 | Peroxidase 3; Removal of H(2)O(2), oxidation of toxic reductants, biosynthesis and degradation of lignin, suberization, auxin catabolism, response to environmental stresses such as wounding, pathogen attack and oxidative stress. These functions might be dependent on each isozyme/isoform in each plant tissue; Belongs to the peroxidase family. Classical plant (class III) peroxidase subfamily. (326 aa) |
| | T4C15.20 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At2g35130. (591 aa) |
| | DYW1 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein DWY1, chloroplastic; Plays a major role in single RNA editing events in chloroplasts. Acts as a site-recognition transacting factor involved in the edition of the site 1 of ndhD (ndhD-1 site corresponding to cytidine-2), which is a plastid-encoded subunit of the NADH- plastoquinone oxidoreductase. The interaction with CRR4 is required for its function in editing the ndhD-1 site; Belongs to the PPR family. PCMP-H subfamily. (239 aa) |
| | ndhB1 | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 2 A, chloroplastic; NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. Belongs to the complex I subunit 2 family. (512 aa) |
| | PSBO1 | Oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1-1, chloroplastic; Stabilizes the manganese cluster which is the primary site of water splitting. (332 aa) |
| | ndhD | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase chain 4, chloroplastic; Belongs to the complex I subunit 4 family. (500 aa) |
| | ndhE | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 4L, chloroplastic; NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. (101 aa) |
| | ND5 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (669 aa) |
| | KNAT1 | Homeobox protein knotted-1-like 1; May play a role in meristem function, and may be involved in maintaining cells in an undifferentiated, meristematic state, and its expression disappears at the same time the shoot apex undergoes the transition from vegetative to reproductive development. Positive regulator of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB). Probably binds to the DNA sequence 5'-TGAC-3'. Able to traffic from the L1 to the L2/L3 layers of the meristem, presumably through plasmodesmata. Belongs to the TALE/KNOX homeobox family. (398 aa) |
| | PPOX1 | Protoporphyrinogen oxidase 1, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the 6-electron oxidation of protoporphyrinogen-IX to form protoporphyrin-IX. (537 aa) |
| | ndhH | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit H, chloroplastic; NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. Belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family. (393 aa) |
| | accD | Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit beta, chloroplastic; Component of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) complex. Biotin carboxylase (BC) catalyzes the carboxylation of biotin on its carrier protein (BCCP) and then the CO(2) group is transferred by the transcarboxylase to acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA; Belongs to the AccD/PCCB family. (488 aa) |
| | psaA | Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1; PsaA and PsaB bind P700, the primary electron donor of photosystem I (PSI), as well as the electron acceptors A0, A1 and FX. PSI is a plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, converting photonic excitation into a charge separation, which transfers an electron from the donor P700 chlorophyll pair to the spectroscopically characterized acceptors A0, A1, FX, FA and FB in turn. Oxidized P700 is reduced on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane by plastocyanin. (750 aa) |
| | psaB | Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A2; PsaA and PsaB bind P700, the primary electron donor of photosystem I (PSI), as well as the electron acceptors A0, A1 and FX. PSI is a plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, converting photonic excitation into a charge separation, which transfers an electron from the donor P700 chlorophyll pair to the spectroscopically characterized acceptors A0, A1, FX, FA and FB in turn. Oxidized P700 is reduced on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane by plastocyanin. (734 aa) |
| | clpP1 | Chloroplastic ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit 1; Cleaves peptides in various proteins in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis. Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. Plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins. (196 aa) |
| | rpl20 | 50S ribosomal protein L20, chloroplastic; Binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA and is necessary for the in vitro assembly process of the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is not involved in the protein synthesizing functions of that subunit (By similarity). (117 aa) |
| | rps14 | 30S ribosomal protein S14, chloroplastic; Binds 16S rRNA, required for the assembly of 30S particles. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS14 family. (100 aa) |
| | ATP9 | ATP synthase subunit 9, mitochondrial; This protein is one of the chains of the nonenzymatic membrane component (F0) of mitochondrial ATPase. (85 aa) |
| | COX1 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1; Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol- cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and t [...] (527 aa) |
| | rps7-A | 30S ribosomal protein S7, chloroplastic; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. (155 aa) |
| | ycf3 | Photosystem I assembly protein Ycf3; Essential for the assembly of the photosystem I (PSI) complex. May act as a chaperone-like factor to guide the assembly of the PSI subunits. (168 aa) |
| | psaC | Photosystem I iron-sulfur center; Apoprotein for the two 4Fe-4S centers FA and FB of photosystem I (PSI); essential for photochemical activity. FB is the terminal electron acceptor of PSI, donating electrons to ferredoxin. The C-terminus interacts with PsaA/B/D and helps assemble the protein into the PSI complex. Required for binding of PsaD and PsaE to PSI. PSI is a plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, converting photonic excitation into a charge separation, which transfers an electron from the donor P700 chlorophyll pair to the spectroscopically characterized acceptors A0, A1, FX, [...] (81 aa) |
| | psbI | Photosystem II reaction center protein I; One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII), required for its stability and/or assembly. PSII is a light- driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. (36 aa) |
| | rps12-A | 30S ribosomal protein S12, chloroplastic; With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits (By similarity). (123 aa) |
| | psbA | Photosystem II protein D1; Photosystem II (PSII) is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. The D1/D2 (PsbA/PsbA) reaction center heterodimer binds P680, the primary electron donor of PSII as well as several subsequent electron acceptors. (353 aa) |
| | RPS12 | Ribosomal protein S12, mitochondrial; Protein S12 is involved in the translation initiation step; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family. (125 aa) |
| | ND3 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 3; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (119 aa) |
| | RPS7 | Ribosomal protein S7, mitochondrial; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 18S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the small subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family. (148 aa) |
| | CCMFC | Cytochrome c biogenesis CcmF C-terminal-like mitochondrial protein; Forms a complex with CCMFN1, CCMFN2 and CCMH that performs the assembly of heme with c-type apocytochromes in mitochondria. Belongs to the CcmF/CycK/Ccl1/NrfE/CcsA family. (442 aa) |
| | ND4 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (495 aa) |
| | CP31A | 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein, chloroplastic; Required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs. Associates with the 3'-terminus ndhF mRNAs and protects them against 3'-exonucleolytic degradation. Required for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. May modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. (329 aa) |
| | MRL1 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein MRL1, chloroplastic; Regulator of the large subunit (LS) of RuBisCO. Involved either in the processing or in the stabilization of the processed transcript, probably by acting as a barrier to the 5'>3' degradation. Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (1089 aa) |
| | PPR4 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At5g04810, chloroplastic; May play a role in the plastid ribosome biogenesis. Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily. (952 aa) |
| | PCMP-A2 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At4g18520, chloroplastic; Required for proper chloroplast development (Ref.7,. Involved in the regulation of plastid gene expression probably through regulation of plastid-encoded polymerase (PEP) dependent chloroplast transcription. Required for RNA editing of several chloroplastic transcripts, especially accD transcripts. Required for processing of the chloroplastic rpoA pre-mRNA. Required for the monocistronic rpoA transcript processing from the rpl23-rpl2-rps19- rpl22-rps3-rpl16-rpl14-rps8-rpl36-rps11-rpoA polycistron. Binds the intergeni [...] (617 aa) |
| | atp9 | ATP synthase subunit 9, mitochondrial; Belongs to the ATPase C chain family. (85 aa) |
| | ndhA | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 1, chloroplastic; NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. (360 aa) |
