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| | PDF1.2A | Defensin-like protein 16; Confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens. Has antifungal activity in vitro; Belongs to the DEFL family. (80 aa) |
| | B3H7M7_ARATH | Corepressor. (170 aa) |
| | F4JKT1_ARATH | Histone deacetylase. (70 aa) |
| | CBP60G | Calmodulin-binding protein 60 G; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1, PR2 and EDS5) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flg22) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B, drought and abscisic acid), thus triggering rapid defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Involved in b [...] (563 aa) |
| | COI1 | Coronatine-insensitive protein 1; Required for jasmonate-regulated plant fertility and defense processes, and for coronatine and/or other elicitors perceptions/responses. Seems to not be required for meiosis. Required for the regulation of some genes induced by wounding, but not for all. Component of SCF(COI1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (probably including the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 1B RBCS-1B and the histone deacetylase HDA6). These SCF complexes play crucial roles [...] (592 aa) |
| | ILL4 | IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 4; Hydrolyzes certain amino acid conjugates of the plant growth regulator indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), including IAA-Ala, IAA-Asn, IAA- Cys, IAA-Glu, IAA-Met, IAA-Ser and IAA-Gly. Has a lower efficiency with IAA-Phe, IAA-Leu and IAA- Val and no activity with IAA-Ile. Important for IAA-Leu hydrolysis in roots. Also hydrolyzes amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid and 12-hydroxy jasmonic acid. (440 aa) |
| | UGT74F2 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 74F2; Glycosyltransferase that glucosylates benzoic acid and derivatives. Substrate preference is benzoic acid > salicylic acid (SA) > 3-hydroxybenzoic acid > 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Catalyzes the formation of both SA 2-O-beta-D-glucoside (SAG) and SA glucose ester (SGE). Has high affinity for the tryptophan precursor anthranilate. Catalyzes the formation of anthranilate glucose ester. Is the major source of this activity in the plant. (449 aa) |
| | EIL2 | ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like 2 protein; Probable transcription factor acting as a positive regulator in the ethylene response pathway. Could bind the primary ethylene response element present in the ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1 promoter. (518 aa) |
| | BHLH3 | Transcription factor bHLH3. (467 aa) |
| | EIN3 | Protein ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3; Probable transcription factor acting as a positive regulator in the ethylene response pathway. Is required for ethylene responsiveness in adult plant tissues. Binds a primary ethylene response element present in the ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1 promoter with consequence to activate the transcription of this gene. (628 aa) |
| | VSP1 | Vegetative storage protein 1; May function as somatic storage protein during early seedling development; Belongs to the APS1/VSP family. (270 aa) |
| | MYC4 | Transcription factor MYC4; Transcription factor involved in jasmonic acid (JA) gene regulation. With MYC2 and MYC3, controls additively subsets of JA- dependent responses. Can form complexes with all known glucosinolate- related MYBs to regulate glucosinolate biosynthesis. Binds to the G-box (5'-CACGTG-3') of promoters. Activates multiple TIFY/JAZ promoters. (589 aa) |
| | T16L1.210 | Putative pathogenesis-related protein 1, 19.3K; Belongs to the CRISP family. (163 aa) |
| | T16L1.220 | Pathogenesis-related protein-like; Belongs to the CRISP family. (172 aa) |
| | VSP2 | Vegetative storage protein 2; May function as somatic storage protein during early seedling development; Belongs to the APS1/VSP family. (265 aa) |
| | CAT2 | Catalase-2; Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide; Belongs to the catalase family. (492 aa) |
| | PR1-2 | Pathogenesis-related protein 1; Partially responsible for acquired pathogen resistance. (161 aa) |
| | BG2 | Glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase, acidic isoform; Implicated in the defense of plants against pathogens (Probable). Not involved in plasmodesmal callose degradation and in the gating of plasmodesmata during tobamovirus infection. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 17 family. (339 aa) |
| | DMT1 | DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Maintains chromatin CpG methylation that plays a role in genomic imprinting, regulation of embryogenesis and seed viability. Required for proper patterns of CG DNA methylation in dividing cells. Required for MEA promoter methylation in seeds. (1534 aa) |
| | LOX2 | Lipoxygenase 2, chloroplastic; 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Required for the wound-induced synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) in leaves. (896 aa) |
| | CM1 | Chorismate mutase 1, chloroplastic; May play a role in chloroplast biogenesis. (340 aa) |
| | HEL | Hevein-like preproprotein; Fungal growth inhibitors. Neither CB-HEL nor CD-HEL have chitinase activity, but both have antimicrobial activities. CD-HEL has RNase, but no DNase activity. (212 aa) |
| | TGA2 | Transcription factor TGA2; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. Required to induce the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via the regulation of pathogenesis-related genes expression. Binding to the as- 1 element of PR-1 promoter is salicylic acid-inducible and mediated by NPR1. Could also bind to the C-boxes (5'-ATGACGTCAT-3') with high affinity. (330 aa) |
| | AP2 | Floral homeotic protein APETALA 2; Probable transcriptional activator that promotes early floral meristem identity. Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. Plays a central role in the specification of floral identity, particularly for the normal development of sepals and petals in the wild-type flower, by spatially controlling the expression domains of multiple floral organ identity genes. Acts as A class cadastral protein by repressing the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS in association with other repressors like LEUNIG and [...] (432 aa) |
| | CYP73A5 | Trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase; Controls carbon flux to pigments essential for pollination or UV protection, to numerous pytoalexins synthesized by plants when challenged by pathogens, and to lignins. (505 aa) |
| | NPR1 | Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa) |
| | ULP1D | Ubiquitin-like-specific protease 1D; Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway: processing of full-length SUMOs to their mature forms and deconjugation of SUMO from targeted proteins. Cleaves precursors of SUM1 and SUM2, but not of SUM3 or SUM5. Able to release SUM1 and SUM2 from conjugates, but unable to cleave SUM3. Protease activity mainly directed at deconjugating SUM1 and SUM2 from their target proteins. Regulates salt stress responses and flowering time. Redundant with ULP1C. (584 aa) |
| | PR-1-LIKE | Pathogenesis-related protein-1-like protein; Belongs to the CRISP family. (176 aa) |
| | PR1 | Putative pathogenesis-related protein 1, 18.9K; Belongs to the CRISP family. (166 aa) |
| | MYC2 | Transcription factor MYC2; Transcriptional activator. Common transcription factor of light, abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. With MYC3 and MYC4, controls additively subsets of JA-dependent responses. In cooperation with MYB2 is involved in the regulation of ABA-inducible genes under drought stress conditions. Can form complexes with all known glucosinolate-related MYBs to regulate glucosinolate biosynthesis. Binds to the MYC recognition site (5'-CACATG-3'), and to the G-box (5'-CACNTG-3') and Z-box (5'-ATACGTGT-3') of promoters. Binds directly to the prom [...] (623 aa) |
| | TRX5 | Thioredoxin H5; Thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase involved in response to pathogens and oxidative stresses. Required for the response to victorin, a phytotoxin which induces programmed cell death in sensitive plants. Possesses insulin disulfide bonds reducing activity. Belongs to the thioredoxin family. Plant H-type subfamily. (118 aa) |
| | NPR4 | Regulatory protein NPR4; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of basal defense responses against pathogens, and may be implicated in the cross-talk between the SA- and JA-dependent signaling pathways. (574 aa) |
| | BSMT1 | Salicylate/benzoate carboxyl methyltransferase; Methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of methylsalicylate in response to stresses. Utilizes salicylic acid (SA) more efficiently than benzoic acid (BA). Can also use anthranilic acid and m-hydroxybenzoic acid as substrate. (379 aa) |
| | MED25 | Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 25; Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. Positive regulator of sh [...] (836 aa) |
| | OPR2 | 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 2; Specifically cleaves olefinic bonds in alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyls and may be involved in detoxification or modification of these reactive compounds (Probable). May be involved in the biosynthesis or metabolism of oxylipin signaling molecules (Probable). In vitro, reduces 9R,13R-12- oxophytodienoic acid (9R,13R-OPDA) to 9R,13R-OPC-8:0, but only poorly 9S,13S-OPDA, the natural precursor of jasmonic acid (JA). Can detoxify the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in vitro and in vivo by catalyzing its nitroreduction to form hydroxylamino-dinitrotol [...] (374 aa) |
| | NPR3 | Regulatory protein NPR3; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of basal defense responses against pathogens. (586 aa) |
| | ERF1B | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1B; Acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Involved in the regulation of gene expression during the plant development, and/or mediated by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways. Seems to be a key integrator of ethylene and jasmonate signals in the regulation of ethylene/jasmonate-dependent defenses. Can mediate resistance to necrotizing fungi (Botrytis cinerea and Plectosphaerella cucumerina) and to soil borne fungi (Fusarium oxysporum conglutinans and Fus [...] (218 aa) |
| | ULP1C | Ubiquitin-like-specific protease 1C; Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway: processing of full-length SUMOs to their mature forms and deconjugation of SUMO from targeted proteins. Cleaves precursors of SUM1 and SUM2, but not of SUM3 or SUM5. Able to release SUM1 and SUM2 from conjugates, but unable to cleave SUM3. Protease activity mainly directed at deconjugating SUM1 and SUM2 from their target proteins. Regulates salt stress responses and flowering time. Redundant with ULP1D. (571 aa) |
| | MES10 | Methylesterase 10; Methylesterase shown to have methyl jasmonate (MeJA) esterase activity in vitro. (275 aa) |
| | ILL6 | IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 6; Hydrolyzes certain amino acid conjugates of the plant growth regulator indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Also hydrolyzes amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid and 12-hydroxy jasmonic acid. Belongs to the peptidase M20 family. (464 aa) |
| | NAC072 | NAC domain-containing protein 72; Transcription factors that bind specifically to the 5'- CATGTG-3' motif. (297 aa) |
| | WRKY54 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 54; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity). Together with WRKY70, negative regulator of developmental senescence, probably via the regulation of several senescence-associated markers genes. Positive regulator of EDS1-dependent defense against E.amylovora. In collaboration with WRKY70, prevents stomatal closure and, consequently, osmotic stress tolerance. Together with WRKY46 and WRKY70, promotes brassinosteroid (BR)- regulated plant [...] (346 aa) |
| | AOC4 | Allene oxide cyclase 4, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (254 aa) |
| | UBP6 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 6; Recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins; Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (482 aa) |
| | TPL | Protein TOPLESS; Transcriptional corepressor. May repress the expression of root-promoting genes in the top half of the embryo to allow proper differentiation of the shoot pole during the transition stage of embryogenesis. Regulates the expression of PLT1 and PLT2. Negative regulator of jasmonate responses. Negative regulator of auxin responses. Negative regulator of multiple floral organ identity genes. Required for ovule development. (1131 aa) |
| | CYP74A | Allene oxide synthase, chloroplastic. (518 aa) |
| | JMT | Jasmonate O-methyltransferase; Catalyzes the methylation of jasmonate into methyljasmonate, a plant volatile that acts as an important cellular regulator mediating diverse developmental processes and defense responses. (389 aa) |
| | CM3 | Chorismate mutase 3, chloroplastic; May play a role in chloroplast biogenesis. (316 aa) |
| | WRKY18 | WRKY transcription factor 18; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Positively modulates defense-related gene expression and disease resistance; Belongs to the WRKY group II-a family. (310 aa) |
| | UGT76B1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 76B1; Glycosylates the amino acid-related molecules isoleucic acid (2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid) and valic acid (2-hydroxy-3- methylbutyric acid). Acts as a negative regulator of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent plant defense in the absence of pathogens and promotes the jasmonate (JA) response. Negatively influences the onset of senescence; Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. (447 aa) |
| | NAC019 | NAC domain-containing protein 19; Transcription factors that bind specifically to the 5'- CATGTG-3' motif. (317 aa) |
| | SARD1 | Protein SAR DEFICIENT 1; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1 and SID2) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B), thus triggering slow defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Required for basal and systemic acquired resistance to P. syringae pv. maculicola and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Belongs to the plant ACBP60 prote [...] (451 aa) |
| | LOX6 | Lipoxygenase 6, chloroplastic; Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. (917 aa) |
| | MYC3 | Transcription factor MYC3; Transcription factor involved in tryptophan, jasmonic acid (JA) and other stress-responsive gene regulation. With MYC2 and MYC4, controls additively subsets of JA-dependent responses. Can form complexes with all known glucosinolate-related MYBs to regulate glucosinolate biosynthesis. Binds to the G-box (5'-CACGTG-3') of promoters. Activates multiple TIFY/JAZ promoters. (592 aa) |
| | DMR6 | Protein DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE 6; Converts salicylic acid (SA) to 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) (By similarity). Suppressor of immunity. Regulates negatively defense associated genes expression (e.g. PR-1, PR-2, and PR-5). Negative regulator of defense against Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. (Microbial infection) Required for susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000; Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (341 aa) |
| | HDA6 | Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...] (471 aa) |
| | LOX4 | Lipoxygenase 4, chloroplastic; Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. (926 aa) |
| | NIMIN-3 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 3; Belongs to the NPR1-interactor family. (112 aa) |
| | NIMIN-1 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 1; Belongs to the NPR1-interactor family. (142 aa) |
| | OPR3 | 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 3, N-terminally processed; Specifically cleaves olefinic bonds in cyclic enones. Involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and perhaps in biosynthesis or metabolism of other oxylipin signaling moleclules. Required for the spatial and temporal regulation of JA levels during dehiscence of anthers, promoting the stomium degeneration program. In vitro, reduces 9S,13S-12- oxophytodienoic acid (9S,13S-OPDA) and 9R,13R-OPDA to 9S,13S-OPC-8:0 and 9R,13R-OPC-8:0, respectively. Can detoxify the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in vitro by catalyzing it [...] (391 aa) |
| | NAC055 | NAC domain-containing protein 55; Transcription factors that bind specifically to the 5'- CATGTG-3' motif. (317 aa) |
| | HAC5 | Histone acetyltransferase HAC5; Acetyltransferase enzyme. Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation. (1670 aa) |
| | Q9LJM5_ARATH | Pathogenesis-related protein-like; Belongs to the CRISP family. (161 aa) |
| | TIFY10A | Protein TIFY 10A; Repressor of jasmonate responses. Jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA- Ile) specifically promotes COI1-TIFY10A/JAZ1 interaction. Interacts with COI1 and inositol pentakisphosphate to form a high-affinity jasmonates coreceptor. (253 aa) |
| | ERF094 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF094; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways. Acts as an essential integrator of the JA and ethylene signal transduction pathways. Activates the expression of the PDF1.2A gene; Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (244 aa) |
| | LOX3 | Lipoxygenase 3, chloroplastic; 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). (919 aa) |
| | F2J10.6 | F2J10.6 protein; Belongs to the CRISP family. (161 aa) |
| | AOC3 | Allene oxide cyclase 3, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (258 aa) |
| | AOC2 | Allene oxide cyclase 2, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (253 aa) |
| | AOC1 | Allene oxide cyclase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (254 aa) |
| | NIMIN-2 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 2. (122 aa) |
| | WRKY70 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 70; Transcription factor involved in senescence, biotic and abiotic stress responses by modulating various phytohormones signaling pathways. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'- (T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). Binds to the 5'-[CT]GACTTTT-3' motif in promoters of target genes to induce their expression. Plays an important but not indispensable role in jasmonate and salicylic acid signaling. Regulates positively the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signal pathway, but negatively the jasmo [...] (294 aa) |
| | GH3.12 | 4-substituted benzoates-glutamate ligase GH3.12; Catalyzes the conjugation of specific amino acids (e.g. Glu and possibly His, Lys, and Met) to their preferred acyl substrates (e.g. 4-substituted benzoates), in a magnesium ion- and ATP-dependent manner. Can use 4-substituted benzoates such as 4-aminobenzoate (pABA), 4-fluorobenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA), and, to a lesser extent, benzoate, vanillate and trans-cinnamate, but not 2-substituted benzoates and salicylic acid (SA), as conjugating acyl substrates. Involved in both basal and induced resistance in a SA-dependent manner. [...] (575 aa) |
| | PAD4 | Lipase-like PAD4; Probable lipase required downstream of MPK4 for accumulation of the plant defense-potentiating molecule, salicylic acid, thus contributing to the plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens and to defense mechanisms upon recognition of microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Participates in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence fitness. Together with SG101, required for programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by NBS-LRR resistance proteins (e.g. RPS4, RPW8.1 and RPW8.2) in response to the fungal toxin fumo [...] (541 aa) |
| | CM2 | Chorismate mutase 2. (265 aa) |
| | ICS1 | Isochorismate synthase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) required for both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) while SA synthesized through the phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) pathway seems to potentiate plant cell death. Also involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) synthesis. Has no isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) activity. (569 aa) |
| | WRKY40 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 40; Transcription factor (By similarity). Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor- responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). (302 aa) |
| | JAR1 | Jasmonoyl--L-amino acid synthetase JAR1; Catalyzes the synthesis of jasmonates-amino acid conjugates by adenylation; can use Ile and, in vitro at least, Val, Leu and Phe as conjugating amino acids on jasmonic acid (JA) and 9,10-dihydro-JA substrates, and to a lower extent, on 3-oxo-2-(2Z-pentenyl)- cyclopentane-1-butyric acid (OPC-4) and 12-hydroxy-JA (12-OH-JA). Can synthesize adenosine 5-tetraphosphate in vitro. Required for the JA- mediated signaling pathway that regulates many developmental and defense mechanisms, including growth root inhibition, vegetative storage proteins (VSPs) [...] (575 aa) |
| | EIL1 | ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like 1 protein; Probable transcription factor acting as a positive regulator in the ethylene response pathway. Could bind the primary ethylene response element present in the ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1 promoter. Belongs to the EIN3 family. (584 aa) |
| | CYP94B3 | Cytochrome P450 94B3; Hydroxylase involved in the oxidation of the plant hormone jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile), a bioactive phytohormone of the jasmonate-mediated signaling pathway. Converts JA-Ile to 12-hydroxy-JA- Ile. Exerts negative feedback control on JA-Ile levels and plays a key role in attenuation of jasmonate responses. Negatively regulates the expression of wound-induced genes TIFY11A/JAZ5, TIFY5A/JAZ8 and TIFY5A/JAZ10. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of jasmonoyl-L-valine (JA-Val), jasmonoyl-L-leucine (JA-Leu) and jasmonoyl-L-phenylalanine (JA-Phe) in vitro. Converts JA-Val, J [...] (506 aa) |
| | EDS1 | Protein EDS1; Positive regulator of basal resistance and of effector- triggered immunity specifically mediated by TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) resistance proteins. Disruption by bacterial effector of EDS1-TIR-NB-LRR resistance protein interactions constitutes the first step in resistance activation. Acts redundantly with salicylic acid to regulate resistance gene-mediated signaling. Triggers early plant defenses and hypersensitive response independently of PAD4, and then recruits PAD4 to potentiate plant defenses through the accumulation of salicylic acid. Nuclear localization is essential for bas [...] (623 aa) |
| | AFPH2 | AFP homolog 2; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Negative regulator of jasmonate responses. Connects the JAZ proteins and the non-JAZ protein TIFY8 with the TOPLESS corepressors; Belongs to the Ninja family. (425 aa) |
| | NPR2 | Regulatory protein NPR2; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. (600 aa) |
| | PRB1 | Pathogenesis-related protein 1; Probably involved in the defense reaction of plants against pathogens. (161 aa) |
| | DLO1 | Protein DMR6-LIKE OXYGENASE 1; Converts salicylic acid (SA) to both 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) and 2,5-DHBA in vitro but only 2,3-DHBA in vivo. Component of a negative feedback regulation system of SA levels during senescence. Regulates both onset and progression of leaf senescence. Negative regulator of defense against Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (349 aa) |
| | CYP94C1 | Cytochrome P450 94C1; Involved in the oxidation of the plant hormone jasmonoyl-L- isoleucine (JA-Ile), a bioactive phytohormone of the jasmonate-mediated signaling pathway. Converts 12-hydroxy-JA-Ile (12OH-JA-Ile) to the carboxy-derivative 12COOH-JA-Ile. Exerts negative feedback control on JA-Ile levels and plays a role in attenuation of jasmonate responses. Functions also as in-chain fatty acids hydroxylase in vitro. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 12-hydroxy-jasmonoyl- L-phenylalanine (12OH-JA-Phe) in vitro. Converts 12OH-JA-Phe to the carboxy-derivative 12COOH-JA-Phe. Belongs to the [...] (495 aa) |
