STRINGSTRING
EPF2 EPF2 CLE25 CLE25 EPF1 EPF1 UBC24 UBC24 BRK1 BRK1 HEN1 HEN1 ELD1 ELD1 CLE9 CLE9 SCRM2 SCRM2 SCRM SCRM AGL16 AGL16 CYCD7-1 CYCD7-1 MUTE MUTE HSL1 HSL1 CALS10 CALS10 JAR1 JAR1 DCL1 DCL1 EPFL9 EPFL9 CLV3 CLV3 TSO1 TSO1 ERL1 ERL1 MYB88 MYB88 AGO1 AGO1 SBT1.2 SBT1.2 PHYA PHYA PHYB PHYB EPFL6 EPFL6 CYCD5-1 CYCD5-1 ARAC4 ARAC4 MYC2 MYC2 SAL1 SAL1 FAMA FAMA ERL2 ERL2 SPCH SPCH
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EPF2Protein EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 2; Controls stomatal patterning. Regulates the number of cells that enter, and remain in, the stomatal lineage by inhibiting protodermal cells from adopting the meristemoid mother cell (MMC) fate in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Mediates stomatal development inhibition. MEPF2: mobile signal controlling stomatal development in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Uses ERECTA as major receptor. Inactivated by cleavage by CRSP (AC Q9LNU1). May act by competing with somatogen (AC Q9SV72) for the same receptor, TMM (AC Q9SSD1). (120 aa)
CLE25CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-related protein 25; Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. Represses root apical meristem maintenance. Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family. (81 aa)
EPF1Protein EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 1; Controls stomatal patterning. Regulates asymmetric cell division during guard cell differentiation. Mediates stomatal development inhibition. Not cleaved by the protease CRSP (AC Q9LNU1). MEPF1: mobile signal controlling stomatal development in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Uses ERL1 as major receptor. May act by competing with somatogen (AC Q9SV72) for the same receptor, TMM (AC Q9SSD1). Belongs to the plant cysteine rich small secretory peptide family. Epidermal patterning factor subfamily. (104 aa)
UBC24Probable ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 24; Accepts the ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins (By similarity). Mediates PHO1 degradation through multivesicular body-mediated vacuolar proteolysis in response to inorganic phosphate (Pi) availability. Negatively regulates the protein abundance of PHF1 and PHT1s under Pi- sufficient conditions by facilitating the degradation of PHT1 proteins at the endomembrane. (907 aa)
BRK1Protein BRICK 1; Involved in regulation of actin and microtubule organization. Part of a WAVE complex that activates the Arp2/3 complex. (85 aa)
HEN1Small RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase; Methyltransferase that adds a methyl group to the ribose of the last nucleotide of small RNAs (sRNAs). This protects the 3'-end of sRNAs from uridylation activity and subsequent degradation. Can methylate 3'-end of microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNas) and trans-acting small interfering RNAs (ta-siRNAs). Involved in plant development through its role in small RNAs processing. Required for the specification of reproductive organ identities and the probable repression of A class genes. May control floral determinacy possibly by regulating t [...] (942 aa)
ELD1Glycosyltransferase-like KOBITO 1; Involved in the coordination between cell elongation and cellulose synthesis by promoting the expression of genes involved in cell elongation and cellulose synthesis. Acts as a regulator of plasmodesmatal permeability. Mediates abscisic acid (ABA) and sugar responses essential for growth (e.g. seed germination, stomatal regulation and ABA-regulated gene expression). Required for normal organogenesis by promoting cell elongation, regulating cell differentiation in vascular tissues and maintaining root meristem identity. Regulates crystalline cellulose [...] (533 aa)
CLE9CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-related protein 9; Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. Represses root apical meristem maintenance. Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family. (120 aa)
SCRM2Transcription factor SCREAM2; Mediates stomatal differentiation in the epidermis probably by controlling successive roles of SPCH, MUTE, and FAMA. Functions as a dimer with SPCH during stomatal initiation. (450 aa)
SCRMTranscription factor ICE1; Transcriptional activator that regulates the cold-induced transcription of CBF/DREB1 genes. Binds specifically to the MYC recognition sites (5'-CANNTG-3') found in the CBF3/DREB1A promoter. Mediates stomatal differentiation in the epidermis probably by controlling successive roles of SPCH, MUTE, and FAMA. Functions as a dimer with SPCH during stomatal initiation. (494 aa)
AGL16Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL16; Probable transcription factor involved in the regulation of flowering time in long-day photoperiod. Participates in the repression of FT expression and floral transition, by interacting closely with the FLC-SVP pathways. Functions in the satellite meristemoid lineage of stomatal development. (240 aa)
CYCD7-1Putative cyclin-D7-1; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin D subfamily. (341 aa)
MUTETranscription factor MUTE; Transcription factor. Together with FMA and SPCH, regulates the stomata formation. Required for the differentiation of stomatal guard cells, by promoting successive asymmetric cell divisions and the formation of guard mother cells. Promotes the conversion of the leaf epidermis into stomata. (202 aa)
HSL1Receptor-like protein kinase HSL1; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (996 aa)
CALS10Callose synthase 10; Involved in sporophytic and gametophytic development. Required for normal plant development and for the proper accumulation of callose at cell plates, cll walls and plasmodesmata. During pollen formation, required for the entry of microspores into mitosis. During plant growth and development, callose is found as a transitory component of the cell plate in dividing cells, is a major component of pollen mother cell walls and pollen tubes, and is found as a structural component of plasmodesmatal canals. Required for proper cell division and tissue patterning throughou [...] (1904 aa)
JAR1Jasmonoyl--L-amino acid synthetase JAR1; Catalyzes the synthesis of jasmonates-amino acid conjugates by adenylation; can use Ile and, in vitro at least, Val, Leu and Phe as conjugating amino acids on jasmonic acid (JA) and 9,10-dihydro-JA substrates, and to a lower extent, on 3-oxo-2-(2Z-pentenyl)- cyclopentane-1-butyric acid (OPC-4) and 12-hydroxy-JA (12-OH-JA). Can synthesize adenosine 5-tetraphosphate in vitro. Required for the JA- mediated signaling pathway that regulates many developmental and defense mechanisms, including growth root inhibition, vegetative storage proteins (VSPs) [...] (575 aa)
DCL1Endoribonuclease Dicer homolog 1; Ribonuclease (RNase) III involved in RNA-mediated post- transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). Functions in the microRNAs (miRNAs) biogenesis pathway by cleaving primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) and precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs). Functions with DRB1/HYL1 and SERRATE proteins for accurate pri-miRNAs to miRNAs processing. Indirectly involved in the production of trans-acting small interfering RNAs (ta- siRNAs) derived from the TAS1, TAS2 or TAS3 endogenous transcripts by participating in the production of their initiating miRNAs. Involved in the processing of [...] (1909 aa)
EPFL9EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR-like protein 9; [Stomagen]: Positively regulates stomatal density and patterning. Acts by competing with EPF2 (AC Q8LC53) for the same receptors, ERECTA (AC Q42371) and TMM (AC Q9SSD1). Not cleaved by the protease CRSP (AC Q9LNU1). Belongs to the plant cysteine rich small secretory peptide family. Epidermal patterning factor subfamily. (102 aa)
CLV3Protein CLAVATA 3; Extracellular signal that regulates meristem maintenance. Acts with CLV1 as a ligand-receptor pair in a signal transduction pathway coordinating growth between adjacent meristematic regions and controlling the balance between meristem cell proliferation and differentiation; Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family. (96 aa)
TSO1CRC domain-containing protein TSO1; Probable floral-specific cell division component, required for proper organ formation in flowers. Regulates the floral meristem cell division and the inflorescence meristem organization. Plays a role in development of both male and female reproductive tissues. Belongs to the lin-54 family. (695 aa)
ERL1LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase ERL1; Receptor kinase that regulates inflorescence architecture and organ shape as well as stomatal patterning, including density and clustering, together with ER and ERL2. Redundantly involved with ER in procambial development regulation. Forms a functional ligand-receptor pair with EPF1 (AC Q8S8I4). Forms a constitutive complex with TMM involved in the recognition of the stomatal regulatory peptides EPF1, EPF2 and EPFL9/STOMAGEN. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (966 aa)
MYB88Transcription factor MYB88; Transcription factor that binds to DNA in promoters cis- regulatory element 5'-GGCGCGC-3' of cell cycle genes, including cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and components of the pre- replication complex. Binds to DNA in promoters cis-regulatory element 5'-AGCCG-3' of auxin regulated genes (e.g. PIN3 and PIN7). Together with FAMA and MYB124, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Represses the expression of the mitosis-inducing factors CDKB1-1 and CDKA-1, [...] (484 aa)
AGO1Protein argonaute 1; Involved in RNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). Main component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) that binds to a short guide RNA such as microRNA (miRNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA). RISC uses the mature miRNA or siRNA as a guide for slicer-directed cleavage of homologous mRNAs to repress gene expression. Requires DRB1 for directional loading of the small RNA duplex (guide stand and passenger strand) onto RISC for passenger strand degradation. Unlike animal RISC that associates in high molecular weight complex, Arabidopsis RISC i [...] (1048 aa)
SBT1.2Subtilisin-like protease SBT1.2; Serine protease involved in the negative regulation of stomatal density and distribution. Not active on EPFL6 (AC Q1PEY6). Positive regulator of water use efficiency (WUE). (775 aa)
PHYAPhytochrome A; Regulatory photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the Pr form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the Pfr form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Photoconversion of Pr to Pfr induces an array of morphogenetic responses, whereas reconversion of Pfr to Pr cancels the induction of those responses. Pfr controls the expression of a number of nuclear genes including those encoding the small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase, chlorophyll A/B binding protein, protochlorophyllide reduct [...] (1122 aa)
PHYBPhytochrome B; Regulatory photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the Pr form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the Pfr form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Photoconversion of Pr to Pfr induces an array of morphogenetic responses, whereas reconversion of Pfr to Pr cancels the induction of those responses. Pfr controls the expression of a number of nuclear genes including those encoding the small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase, chlorophyll A/B binding protein, protochlorophyllide reduct [...] (1172 aa)
EPFL6EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR-like protein 6; Acts primarily as positive regulator of inflorescence growth. Endodermal expression is sufficient for proper inflorescence architecture. Redundantly involved with EPFL4 in procambial development regulation. Acts also as tissue-specific regulator of epidermal pattern. Controls stomatal patterning by repressing stomatal production. TMM (AC Q9SSD1) functions to dampen or block CHAL signaling. Not processed by SDD1 (AC O64495). Acts as growth-regulatory ligand for ERECTA family receptors. Belongs to the plant cysteine rich small secretory peptide [...] (156 aa)
CYCD5-1Cyclin-D5-1. (323 aa)
ARAC4Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC4; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation (By similarity). May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. May regulate a WAVE complex that activates the Arp2/3 complex. (195 aa)
MYC2Transcription factor MYC2; Transcriptional activator. Common transcription factor of light, abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. With MYC3 and MYC4, controls additively subsets of JA-dependent responses. In cooperation with MYB2 is involved in the regulation of ABA-inducible genes under drought stress conditions. Can form complexes with all known glucosinolate-related MYBs to regulate glucosinolate biosynthesis. Binds to the MYC recognition site (5'-CACATG-3'), and to the G-box (5'-CACNTG-3') and Z-box (5'-ATACGTGT-3') of promoters. Binds directly to the prom [...] (623 aa)
SAL1SAL1 phosphatase; Converts adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) and 3'(2')-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate (PAP) to AMP. May regulate the flux of sulfur in the sulfur-activation pathway by converting PAPS to APS. May play a role in the biosynthesis of sulfate conjugates and RNA processing. Is also able to hydrolyze inositol 1,4-bisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4- trisphosphate. Could be considered as a negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA)- and stress-responsive genes, through modulating the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) turnover. Is [...] (353 aa)
FAMATranscription factor FAMA; Transcription activator. Together with MYB88 and MYB124, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Together with SPCH and MUTE, regulates the stomata formation. Required to promote differentiation and morphogenesis of stomatal guard cells and to halt proliferative divisions in their immediate precursors. Mediates the formation of stomata. Prevents histone H3K27me3 marks and derepresses stem cell gene expression. (414 aa)
ERL2LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase ERL2; Receptor kinase that regulates inflorescence architecture and organ shape as well as stomatal patterning, including density and clustering, together with ERL1 and ER. (967 aa)
SPCHTranscription factor SPEECHLESS; Transcription factor acting as an integration node for stomata and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways to control stomatal initiation and development. Activates transcription when in the presence of SCRM/ICE1. Functions as a dimer with SCRM or SCRM2 during stomatal initiation. Required for the initiation, the spacing and the formation of stomata, by promoting the first asymmetric cell divisions. Together with FMA and MUTE, modulates the stomata formation. Involved in the regulation of growth reduction under osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol), associated [...] (364 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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