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PAL4 PAL4 EDS1 EDS1 SPS4 SPS4 PBL13 PBL13 GOLS10 GOLS10 ABI2 ABI2 GOLS4 GOLS4 GOLS1 GOLS1 GOLS3 GOLS3 CAM1 CAM1 CAM2 CAM2 CHI-B CHI-B CML10 CML10 PAL1 PAL1 PAL2 PAL2 PAL3 PAL3 ABI1 ABI1 PP2CA PP2CA SNL6 SNL6 CAM7 CAM7 NPR1 NPR1 CAM6 CAM6 ACS2 ACS2 ACS1 ACS1 AGL11 AGL11 MYC2 MYC2 4CL1 4CL1 GOLS7 GOLS7 HAI3 HAI3 4CLL9 4CLL9 4CLL6 4CLL6 GOLS6 GOLS6 SPS3-2 SPS3-2 PFK5 PFK5 PFK3 PFK3 SPS1-2 SPS1-2 PFK7 PFK7 HAB1 HAB1 CP1 CP1 GOLS5 GOLS5 CML43 CML43 SAG113 SAG113 PFK2 PFK2 PFK4 PFK4 AHG1 AHG1 GOLS2 GOLS2 SPS2-2 SPS2-2 HAB2 HAB2 AIP1 AIP1 4CLL1 4CLL1 4CL4 4CL4 PFK6 PFK6 PFK1 PFK1 4CLL7 4CLL7 4CL2 4CL2 4CL3 4CL3 CCR1-2 CCR1-2 CCR2-2 CCR2-2 ACS6 ACS6 EBF1 EBF1
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
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gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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PAL4Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 4; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (707 aa)
EDS1Protein EDS1; Positive regulator of basal resistance and of effector- triggered immunity specifically mediated by TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) resistance proteins. Disruption by bacterial effector of EDS1-TIR-NB-LRR resistance protein interactions constitutes the first step in resistance activation. Acts redundantly with salicylic acid to regulate resistance gene-mediated signaling. Triggers early plant defenses and hypersensitive response independently of PAD4, and then recruits PAD4 to potentiate plant defenses through the accumulation of salicylic acid. Nuclear localization is essential for bas [...] (623 aa)
SPS4Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 4; Plays a role in photosynthetic sucrose synthesis by catalyzing the rate-limiting step of sucrose biosynthesis from UDP- glucose and fructose- 6-phosphate. Involved in the regulation of carbon partitioning in the leaves of plants. May regulate the synthesis of sucrose and therefore play a major role as a limiting factor in the export of photoassimilates out of the leaf. Plays a role for sucrose availability that is essential for plant growth and fiber elongation; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. (1050 aa)
PBL13Serine/threonine-protein kinase PBL13; Involved in defense responses. Acts as negative regulator of plant immune responses. (494 aa)
GOLS10Galactinol synthase 10; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. Galactosyltransferase subfamily. (328 aa)
ABI2Protein phosphatase 2C 77; Repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), high light stress, response to glucose, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as H(2)O(2) and oxidative burst in response to ABA and dehydration. Represses GHR1 and, to some extent, SRK2E/OST1, kinases involved in the regulation of SLAC1-dependent stomatal closure. Controls [...] (423 aa)
GOLS4Galactinol synthase 4; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity). (334 aa)
GOLS1Galactinol synthase 1; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. Promotes plant stress tolerance such as heat, chilling, salinity and methylviologen (MV), a superoxide radical generating drug, by mediating raffinose accumulation, an osmoprotective substance. (344 aa)
GOLS3Galactinol synthase 3; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity). (334 aa)
CAM1Calmodulin-1; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. (149 aa)
CAM2Calmodulin-2; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. (149 aa)
CHI-BBasic endochitinase B; Defense against chitin-containing fungal pathogens. Seems particularly implicated in resistance to jasmonate-inducing pathogens such as A.brassicicola. In vitro antifungal activity against T.reesei, but not against A.solani, F.oxysporum, S.sclerotiorum, G.graminis and P.megasperma. (335 aa)
CML10Calmodulin-like protein 10; Potential calcium sensor. (191 aa)
PAL1Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (725 aa)
PAL2Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 2; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (717 aa)
PAL3Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 3; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton. (694 aa)
ABI1Protein phosphatase 2C 56; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), drought-induced resistance and rhizogenesis, response to glucose, high light stress, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as the actin reorganization in guard cells in response to ABA. Involved in the resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syrin [...] (434 aa)
PP2CAProtein phosphatase 2C 37; Major negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses during seed germination and cold acclimation. Confers insensitivity to ABA. Modulates negatively the AKT2/3 activity, which mediates K(+) transport and membrane polarization during stress situations, probably by dephosphorylation. Prevents stomata closure by inactivating the S- type anion efflux channel SLAC1 and its activator SRK2E. Represses KIN10 activity by the specific dephosphorylation of its T-loop Thr-198, leading to a poststress inactivation of SnRK1 signaling. (399 aa)
SNL6Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3-like 6; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Plays roles in regulating gene expression and genome stability (By similarity). (1173 aa)
CAM7Calmodulin-7; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Activates MPK8 in vitro. (149 aa)
NPR1Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa)
CAM6Calmodulin-6; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. (149 aa)
ACS21-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 2; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes catalyze the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) into 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), a direct precursor of ethylene; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (496 aa)
ACS11-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like protein 1; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (488 aa)
AGL11Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL11; Probable transcription factor (Probable). Is required, together with TT16/AGL32 for the maternal control of endothelium formation, which is essential for female gametophyte development and fertilization, and seed formation. (230 aa)
MYC2Transcription factor MYC2; Transcriptional activator. Common transcription factor of light, abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. With MYC3 and MYC4, controls additively subsets of JA-dependent responses. In cooperation with MYB2 is involved in the regulation of ABA-inducible genes under drought stress conditions. Can form complexes with all known glucosinolate-related MYBs to regulate glucosinolate biosynthesis. Binds to the MYC recognition site (5'-CACATG-3'), and to the G-box (5'-CACNTG-3') and Z-box (5'-ATACGTGT-3') of promoters. Binds directly to the prom [...] (623 aa)
4CL14-coumarate--CoA ligase 1; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (561 aa)
GOLS7Galactinol synthase 7; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. Galactosyltransferase subfamily. (332 aa)
HAI3Probable protein phosphatase 2C 24. (362 aa)
4CLL94-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 9; Contributes to jasmonic acid biosynthesis by initiating the beta-oxidative chain shortening of its precursors. Converts 12-oxo- phytodienoic acid (OPDA) into OPDA-CoA; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (562 aa)
4CLL64-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 6; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (566 aa)
GOLS6Galactinol synthase 6; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. Galactosyltransferase subfamily. (336 aa)
SPS3-2Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 3; Plays a role in photosynthetic sucrose synthesis by catalyzing the rate-limiting step of sucrose biosynthesis from UDP- glucose and fructose- 6-phosphate. Involved in the regulation of carbon partitioning in the leaves of plants. May regulate the synthesis of sucrose and therefore play a major role as a limiting factor in the export of photoassimilates out of the leaf. Plays a role for sucrose availability that is essential for plant growth and fiber elongation. (1062 aa)
PFK5ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 5, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (537 aa)
PFK3ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 3; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (489 aa)
SPS1-2Sucrose-phosphate synthase 1; Plays a major role in photosynthetic sucrose synthesis by catalyzing the rate-limiting step of sucrose biosynthesis from UDP- glucose and fructose- 6-phosphate. Involved in the regulation of carbon partitioning in the leaves of plants. May regulate the synthesis of sucrose and therefore play a major role as a limiting factor in the export of photoassimilates out of the leaf. Plays a role for sucrose availability that is essential for plant growth and fiber elongation. Required for nectar secretion. (1043 aa)
PFK7ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 7; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (485 aa)
HAB1Protein phosphatase 2C 16; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. Confers enhanced sensitivity to drought. Belongs to the PP2C family. (511 aa)
CP1Calcium-binding protein CP1; Binds calcium in vitro. (160 aa)
GOLS5Galactinol synthase 5; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. Galactosyltransferase subfamily. (333 aa)
CML43Probable calcium-binding protein CML43; Calcium-binding protein that may mediate calcium-dependent signal during plant defense response. (181 aa)
SAG113Probable protein phosphatase 2C 78; Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling for stomatal closure in leaves, and controls water loss during leaf senescence. Activated by the NAC029/NAP transcription factor during ABA signaling in senescing leaves. Functions as negative regulator of osmotic stress and ABA signaling. Acts as negative regulator of response to drought. Belongs to the PP2C family. (413 aa)
PFK2ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 2; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (444 aa)
PFK4ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 4, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. (530 aa)
AHG1Probable protein phosphatase 2C 75; Negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses during seed germination; Belongs to the PP2C family. (416 aa)
GOLS2Galactinol synthase 2; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. Promotes stress tolerance of factors such as drought, chilling, salinity and methylviologen (MV), a superoxide radical generating drug, by mediating an increase in levels of the endogenous osmoprotective compounds, galactinol and raffinose; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. Galactosyltransferase subfamily. (335 aa)
SPS2-2Probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 2; Plays a role in photosynthetic sucrose synthesis by catalyzing the rate-limiting step of sucrose biosynthesis from UDP- glucose and fructose- 6-phosphate. Involved in the regulation of carbon partitioning in the leaves of plants. May regulate the synthesis of sucrose and therefore play a major role as a limiting factor in the export of photoassimilates out of the leaf. Plays a role for sucrose availability that is essential for plant growth and fiber elongation. Required for nectar secretion. (1047 aa)
HAB2Protein phosphatase 2C 7; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. (511 aa)
AIP1Protein phosphatase 2C 3; Involved in the negative regulation of the K(+) potassium channel AKT1 by its dephosphorylation, antagonistically to CIPK proteins (e.g. CIPK23). Functions as positive regulator of abscisic acid-mediated cell signaling during seedling growth. Involved in the regulation of seed dormancy. Acts as negative regulator of seed dormancy by inhibiting abscisic signaling and subsequently activating gibberellic acid signaling ; Belongs to the PP2C family. (442 aa)
4CLL14-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 1; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (542 aa)
4CL44-coumarate--CoA ligase 4; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics. (570 aa)
PFK6ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 6; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (462 aa)
PFK1ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 1; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (473 aa)
4CLL74-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 7; Contributes to jasmonic acid biosynthesis by initiating the beta-oxidative chain shortening of its precursors. (544 aa)
4CL24-coumarate--CoA ligase 2; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics. (556 aa)
4CL34-coumarate--CoA ligase 3; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (561 aa)
CCR1-2Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1; Involved in the latter stages of lignin biosynthesis. Catalyzes one of the last steps of monolignol biosynthesis, the conversion of cinnamoyl-CoAs into their corresponding cinnamaldehydes. (344 aa)
CCR2-2Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 2; Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase probably involved in the formation of phenolic compounds associated with the hypersensitive response. Seems not to be involved in lignin biosynthesis. Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase subfamily. (332 aa)
ACS61-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 6; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes catalyze the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) into 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), a direct precursor of ethylene. Involved in bacterial flagellin-induced ethylene production. Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (495 aa)
EBF1EIN3-binding F-box protein 1; Component of SCF(EBF1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (probably including EIN3 and EIL1). Regulator of the ethylene signaling cascade by modulating the stability of EIN3 and EIL1 proteins. Confers insensitivity to ethylene. (628 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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