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| | CWINV4 | Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme CWINV4. (591 aa) |
| | LPD1 | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the plastidial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). (623 aa) |
| | T7N9.22 | Valyl-tRNA synthetase / valine-tRNA ligase-like protein. (200 aa) |
| | LPD2 | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the plastidial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC); Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (567 aa) |
| | SUS5 | Sucrose synthase 5; Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways. Functions in callose synthesis at the site of phloem sieve elements. (836 aa) |
| | EMB2247 | Valine--tRNA ligase, chloroplastic/mitochondrial 2. (974 aa) |
| | RVE1 | Protein REVEILLE 1; Morning-phased transcription factor integrating the circadian clock and auxin pathways. Binds to the evening element (EE) of promoters. Does not act within the central clock, but regulates free auxin levels in a time-of-day specific manner. Positively regulates the expression of YUC8 during the day, but has no effect during the night. Negative regulator of freezing tolerance. (387 aa) |
| | NAC098 | Protein CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 2; Transcription activator of STM and KNAT6. Involved in molecular mechanisms regulating shoot apical meristem (SAM) formation during embryogenesis and organ separation. Required for the fusion of septa of gynoecia along the length of the ovaries. Activates the shoot formation in callus in a STM-dependent manner. Controls leaf margin development and required for leaf serration. Involved in axillary meristem initiation and separation of the meristem from the main stem. Regulates the phyllotaxy throughout the plant development. Seems to act as an inhibitor of [...] (375 aa) |
| | CIPK11 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 11; CIPK serine-threonine protein kinases interact with CBL proteins. Binding of a CBL protein to the regulatory NAF domain of CIPK protein lead to the activation of the kinase in a calcium-dependent manner. Acts as a negative regulator of the plasma membrane proton pump AHA2 by preventing its interaction with 14-3-3 protein. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. SNF1 subfamily. (435 aa) |
| | MYB73 | Transcription factor MYB73; Transcription factor that functions in salt stress response. Acts as negative regulator of NHX7/SOS1 and CBL4/SOS3 induction in response to salt stress. In response to auxin, activates the transcription of the auxin-responsive gene IAA19. The IAA19 transcription activation by MYB73 is enhanced by direct interaction between MYB73 and PYL8. (320 aa) |
| | PAF2 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-1-B; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. May play a role in thiol biosynthesis and arsenic tolerance in association with PAF1/ARS5. (277 aa) |
| | HY5 | Transcription factor HY5; Transcription factor that promotes photomorphogenesis in light. Acts downstream of the light receptor network and directly affects transcription of light-induced genes. Specifically involved in the blue light specific pathway, suggesting that it participates in transmission of cryptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2) signals to downstream responses. In darkness, its degradation prevents the activation of light-induced genes (Probable). Acts coordinately with SPL7 to regulate the microRNA miR408 and its target genes in response to changes in light and copper conditions. R [...] (168 aa) |
| | RBOHF | Respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein F; Calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide. Generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) during incompatible interactions with pathogens and is important in the regulation of the hypersensitive response (HR). Involved in abscisic acid-induced stomatal closing and in UV-B and abscisic acid ROS-dependent signaling. Belongs to the RBOH (TC 5.B.1.3) family. (944 aa) |
| | PYR1 | Abscisic acid receptor PYR1; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. Promotes drought tolerance. (191 aa) |
| | M3E9.180 | Probable pyruvate kinase, cytosolic isozyme; Key regulatory enzyme of the glycolytic pathway that catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, converting ADP and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ATP and pyruvate by essentially irreversible transphosphorylation. (497 aa) |
| | CSD2 | Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] 2, chloroplastic; Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems. Mediates tolerance to stress, including photo-oxidative stress. (216 aa) |
| | ERF3 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 3; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways and could also regulate other AtERFs. (225 aa) |
| | PYL4 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL4; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (207 aa) |
| | HSFA2 | Heat stress transcription factor A-2; Transcriptional activator that specifically binds DNA sequence 5'-AGAAnnTTCT-3' known as heat shock promoter elements (HSE). Involved in heat stress responses. Seems to be involved in other environmental stress responses. Activates ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APX2) in addition to several heat shock protein (HSPs). Belongs to the HSF family. Class A subfamily. (345 aa) |
| | DREB2A | Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 2A; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]CCGAC-3'. Binding to the C-repeat/DRE element mediates high salinity- and dehydration-inducible transcription. Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (335 aa) |
| | DREB2B | Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 2B; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]CCGAC-3'. Binding to the C-repeat/DRE element mediates high salinity- and dehydration-inducible transcription. Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (330 aa) |
| | PDC1 | Pyruvate decarboxylase 1; May play a role in ethanolic fermentation during anoxia. Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. (607 aa) |
| | UBQ4 | Polyubiquitin 4; Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmi [...] (382 aa) |
| | ACT3 | Actin-3; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Essential component of cell cytoskeleton; plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. This is considered as one of the reproductive actins. (377 aa) |
| | HSP70-1 | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1; In cooperation with other chaperones, Hsp70s are key components that facilitate folding of de novo synthesized proteins, assist translocation of precursor proteins into organelles, and are responsible for degradation of damaged protein under stress conditions (Probable). Probably involved in defense response. Chaperone involved in protein targeting to chloroplasts. May cooperate with SGT1 and HSP90 in R gene-mediated resistance towards the oomycete Hyaloperonospora parasitica (downy mildew). Plays a role with WPP-domain proteins in facilitating WIT1 nuclear [...] (651 aa) |
| | RPS18A | 40S ribosomal protein S18; Located at the top of the head of the 40S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 18S rRNA; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family. (152 aa) |
| | UBC11 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 11; Accepts the ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins. Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (148 aa) |
| | COP1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase COP1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a repressor of photomorphogenesis and as an activator of etiolation in darkness. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Represses photomorphogenesis in darkness by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of light-induced transcription factors such as HY5, HYH and LAF1. Down-regulates MYB21, probably via ubiquitination process. Light stimuli abrogate the repre [...] (675 aa) |
| | ATHB-7 | Homeobox-leucine zipper protein ATHB-7; Probable transcription activator that may act as growth regulators in response to water deficit. (258 aa) |
| | AP2 | Floral homeotic protein APETALA 2; Probable transcriptional activator that promotes early floral meristem identity. Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. Plays a central role in the specification of floral identity, particularly for the normal development of sepals and petals in the wild-type flower, by spatially controlling the expression domains of multiple floral organ identity genes. Acts as A class cadastral protein by repressing the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS in association with other repressors like LEUNIG and [...] (432 aa) |
| | SUS1 | Sucrose synthase 1; Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. Plant sucrose synthase subfamily. (808 aa) |
| | ABI1 | Protein phosphatase 2C 56; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), drought-induced resistance and rhizogenesis, response to glucose, high light stress, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as the actin reorganization in guard cells in response to ABA. Involved in the resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syrin [...] (434 aa) |
| | PP2CA | Protein phosphatase 2C 37; Major negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses during seed germination and cold acclimation. Confers insensitivity to ABA. Modulates negatively the AKT2/3 activity, which mediates K(+) transport and membrane polarization during stress situations, probably by dephosphorylation. Prevents stomata closure by inactivating the S- type anion efflux channel SLAC1 and its activator SRK2E. Represses KIN10 activity by the specific dephosphorylation of its T-loop Thr-198, leading to a poststress inactivation of SnRK1 signaling. (399 aa) |
| | HSP90-3 | Heat shock protein 90-3; Functions as a holding molecular chaperone (holdase) which stabilizes unfolding protein intermediates and rapidly releases them in an active form once stress has abated. Functions as a folding molecular chaperone (foldase) that assists the non-covalent folding of proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. Regulates RPP4-mediated temperature-dependent cell death and defense responses. May assist SGT1B in the formation of SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes that target the immune receptors SNC1, RPS2 and RPS4 for degradation, to regulate receptor levels and avoid autoimmunity. (699 aa) |
| | ARF7 | Auxin response factor 7; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Act as a transcriptional activator of several tropic stimulus-induced (TSI) genes, including SAUR50. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Required for differential growth responses of aerial tissues. Involved in ethylene responses. Regulates lateral root formation through direct regulation of LBD16 and/or LB [...] (1164 aa) |
| | TWN2 | Valine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial 1; Required for embryo development and seed viability. (1108 aa) |
| | SUS2 | Sucrose synthase 2; Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways. Modulates metabolic homeostasis and directs carbon towards starch synthesis in developing seeds. (807 aa) |
| | CTR1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase CTR1; Acts as a negative regulator in the ethylene response pathway. Phosphorylates the cytosolic C-terminal domain of EIN2, preventing the signaling in the absence of ethylene. (821 aa) |
| | ACO4 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4; Enzyme involved in the ethylene biosynthesis. May promote stem elongation by maximizing the extensibility cells, possibly by activating ethylene biosynthesis, in response to very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs C20:0 to C30:0); Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (323 aa) |
| | CPK1 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 1; May play a role in signal transduction pathways that involve calcium as a second messenger. Phosphorylates the Ca(2+)-ATPase ACA2 resulting in the inhibition of its calcium activation. (610 aa) |
| | F1N20.210 | Alcohol dehydrogenase-like 5. (389 aa) |
| | UBQ3 | Polyubiquitin 3; Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmi [...] (306 aa) |
| | CWINV2 | Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme CWINV2. (590 aa) |
| | IAA6 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA6; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (189 aa) |
| | IAA10 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA10; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (261 aa) |
| | IAA14 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA14; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (228 aa) |
| | CPK2 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 2; May play a role in signal transduction pathways that involve calcium as a second messenger. (646 aa) |
| | XTH23 | Probable xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein 23; Catalyzes xyloglucan endohydrolysis (XEH) and/or endotransglycosylation (XET). Cleaves and religates xyloglucan polymers, an essential constituent of the primary cell wall, and thereby participates in cell wall construction of growing tissues (By similarity). (286 aa) |
| | NAC002 | NAC domain-containing protein 2. (289 aa) |
| | BFRUCT4 | Acid beta-fructofuranosidase 4, vacuolar; Possible role in the continued mobilization of sucrose to sink organs. Regulates root elongation. (664 aa) |
| | SKP1A | SKP1-like protein 1A; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends on the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. SCF(UFO) is required for vegetative and floral organ development as well as for male gametogenesis. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicate [...] (160 aa) |
| | UBQ8 | Ubiquitin-related 1; Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endopl [...] (631 aa) |
| | BFRUCT3 | Acid beta-fructofuranosidase 3, vacuolar; Possible role in the continued mobilization of sucrose to sink organs. (648 aa) |
| | CWINV1 | Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme CWINV1; Beta-fructofuranosidase that can use sucrose and 1-kestose, and, to a lower extent, neokestose and levan, as substrates, but not inuline; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 32 family. (584 aa) |
| | MYB59 | Transcription factor MYB59; Transcription factor. (235 aa) |
| | CWINV3 | Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme CWINV3; 6-fructan exohydrolase that can use phlein, levan, neokestose, levanbiose, 6-kestose, and 1-kestose as substrates. (594 aa) |
| | ERF110 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF110; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (220 aa) |
| | SYT3 | Synaptotagmin-3; May be involved in membrane trafficking; Belongs to the synaptotagmin family. (540 aa) |
| | RFS1 | Probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 1; Transglycosidase operating by a ping-pong reaction mechanism. Involved in the synthesis of raffinose, a major soluble carbohydrate in seeds, roots and tubers (By similarity). (754 aa) |
| | TRN1 | Transportin-1; Functions in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor. Serves as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates. Is thought to mediate docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) through binding to nucleoporin and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to the importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis [...] (891 aa) |
| | AMY2 | Probable alpha-amylase 2; Probable alpha-amylase that does not seem to be required for breakdown of transitory starch in leaves. (413 aa) |
| | DREB2C | Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 2C; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]CCGAC-3'. Binding to the C-repeat/DRE element mediates high salinity- and abscisic acid-inducible transcription. (341 aa) |
| | RFS6 | Probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 6; Transglycosidase operating by a ping-pong reaction mechanism. Involved in the synthesis of raffinose, a major soluble carbohydrate in seeds, roots and tubers (By similarity). (749 aa) |
| | RCD1 | Inactive poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase RCD1; Inactive ADP-ribosyltransferase that functions with SRO1 to regulate oxidative stress, hormonal and developmental responses. Required for embryogenesis, vegetative and reproductive development, and abiotic stress responses. May regulate several stress-responsive genes. Seems to play a larger developmental role than SRO1. Does not bind NAD in vitro. (589 aa) |
| | ARF19 | Auxin response factor 19; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Involved in ethylene responses. Regulates lateral root formation through direct regulation of LBD16 and/or LBD29. Functionally redundant with ARF7. (1086 aa) |
| | WRKY33 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 33; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-TTGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Involved in defense responses. Required for resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen B.cinerea. Regulates the antagonistic relationship between defense pathways mediating responses to the bacterial pathogen P. syringae and the necrotrophic pathogen B.cinerea. Required for the phytoalexin camalexin synthesis following infection with B.cinerea. Acts as positive regulator of the camalexin biosynthetic ge [...] (519 aa) |
| | MES1 | Methylesterase 1; Methylesterase shown to have carboxylesterase activity, methyl indole-3-acetic acid (MeIAA) esterase activity, methyl salicylate (MeSA) esterase activity and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) esterase activity in vitro. Required to convert methyl salicylate (MeSA) to salicylic acid (SA) as part of the signal transduction pathways that activate systemic acquired resistance in systemic tissue. MeSA is believed to be an inactive form that needs to be demethylated to exert a biological effect. (263 aa) |
| | CCD8 | Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8, chloroplastic; Involved in strigolactones biosynthesis by cleaving the C(27) 9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal produced by CCD7. Produces the C(19) carlactone and a C(8) hydroxyaldehyde. Also shows lower activity with all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenal producing a C(9) dialdehyde and the C(18) 13-apo-beta-carotenone. Strigolactones are hormones that inhibit tillering and shoot branching through the MAX-dependent pathway, contribute to the regulation of shoot architectural response to phosphate-limiting conditions and function as rhizosphere signal that stimu [...] (570 aa) |
| | PFK5 | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 5, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (537 aa) |
| | AMY1 | Alpha-amylase 1; Possesses alpha-amylase activity in vitro, but seems not required for breakdown of transitory starch in leaves. (423 aa) |
| | ARI8 | Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ARI8; Might act as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, or as part of E3 complex, which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and then transfers it to substrates; Belongs to the RBR family. Ariadne subfamily. (567 aa) |
| | CWINV6 | Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme CWINV6; 6 and 1-fructan exohydrolase that can degrade both inulin and levan-type fructans, such as phlein, levan, neokestose, levanbiose, 6- kestose, 1-kestose, inulin, and 1,1-nystose. (550 aa) |
| | NAC072 | NAC domain-containing protein 72; Transcription factors that bind specifically to the 5'- CATGTG-3' motif. (297 aa) |
| | RPL10C | 60S ribosomal protein L10-3. (221 aa) |
| | IAA29 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA29; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (251 aa) |
| | PKP3 | Plastidial pyruvate kinase 3, chloroplastic; Required for plastidial pyruvate kinase activity. (571 aa) |
| | ARR1 | Two-component response regulator ARR1; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins. Regulates SHY2 by binding to its promoter. Involved in the root-meristem size determination through the regulation of cell differentiation. Belon [...] (690 aa) |
| | UBP6 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 6; Recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins; Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (482 aa) |
| | RFS2 | Probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 2; Transglycosidase operating by a ping-pong reaction mechanism. Involved in the synthesis of raffinose, a major soluble carbohydrate in seeds, roots and tubers (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolases 36 family. (773 aa) |
| | AMY3 | Alpha-amylase 3, chloroplastic; Possesses endoamylolytic activity in vitro, but seems not required for breakdown of transitory starch in leaves. May be involved in the determination of the final structure of glucans by shortening long linear phospho-oligosaccharides in the chloroplast stroma. Can act on both soluble and insoluble glucan substrates to release small linear and branched malto-oligosaccharides. Works synergistically with beta-amylase toward efficient starch degradation. Has activity against p-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside (BPNP-G7), amylopectin and beta-limit dextrin. Involv [...] (887 aa) |
| | PFK3 | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 3; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (489 aa) |
| | STP13 | Sugar transport protein 13; Mediates an active uptake of hexoses, probably by sugar/hydrogen symport; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. (526 aa) |
| | ANNAT8 | Annexin D8; Belongs to the annexin (TC 1.A.31.1) family. (316 aa) |
| | MYB85 | Myb family transcription factor. (266 aa) |
| | ARF2 | Auxin response factor 2; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Promotes flowering, stamen development, floral organ abscission and fruit dehiscence. Functions independently of ethylene and cytokinin response pathways. May act as a repressor of cell division and organ growth. (859 aa) |
| | Q94KE3_ARATH | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (527 aa) |
| | AUX1 | Auxin transporter protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex. Unloads auxin from the mature phloem to deliver the hormone to the root meristem via the protophloem cell files. Coordinated subcellular localization of AUX1 is regula [...] (485 aa) |
| | ADH2 | Alcohol dehydrogenase class-3; Plays a central role in formaldehyde detoxification. Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Class-III subfamily. (379 aa) |
| | ELF5A-3 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-3; The precise role of eIF-5A in protein biosynthesis is not known but it may function as a bimodular protein capable of binding to both RNA and proteins. Involved in supporting growth and plays a regulatory role in the response to sub-lethal osmotic and nutrient stress. (158 aa) |
| | UBP8 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 8; Recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (871 aa) |
| | PFK7 | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 7; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (485 aa) |
| | ABA3 | Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase; Sulfurates the molybdenum cofactor. Sulfation of molybdenum is essential for xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and aldehyde oxidase (ADO) enzymes in which molybdenum cofactor is liganded by 1 oxygen and 1 sulfur atom in active form. Modulates cold stress- and osmotic stress-responsive gene expression by acting as key regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. MOCOS subfamily. (819 aa) |
| | MYB20 | Transcription factor MYB20; Transcription factor that acts as positive regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in response to salt stress. Acts as negative regulator ABI1, ABI2 and PP2CA, which are protein phosphatases 2C acting as negative regulator of ABA signaling. Binds to the DNA specific sequence and core element 5'-ACGT-3' found in the promoters of ABI1 and PP2CA to negatively regulate their expression during ABA- dependent salt stress response. (282 aa) |
| | VIP5 | Protein RTF1 homolog; Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which is involved in histone modifications such as methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3). Involved in regulation of flowering time. Required for the expression of the flowering repressors and FLC and MADS-box genes of the MAF family. Involved in the control of seed dormancy and germination. (643 aa) |
| | BZIP8 | Basic leucine zipper 8; Belongs to the bZIP family. (138 aa) |
| | PRF3 | Profilin-3; Binds to actin monomers and regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Can increase the critical concentration (Cc) of actin assembly in vitro. Acts as downstream effector of the hydrogen sulfide signaling to regulate the assembly and depolymerization of F-actin. At high concentrations, profilin prevents the polymerization of actin, whereas it enhances it at low concentrations (Probable). Binding to the poly-proline motif of formin induces oligomerization of PRF3. PRF3 oligomers inhibit formin-mediated actin assembly to modulate plant immunity triggered by pathog [...] (168 aa) |
| | MBK5.16 | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (510 aa) |
| | PDC2 | Pyruvate decarboxylase 2; Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. (607 aa) |
| | CML37 | Calcium-binding protein CML37; Potential calcium sensor that binds calcium in vitro. (185 aa) |
| | PFK2 | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 2; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (444 aa) |
| | PME58 | Probable pectinesterase/pectinesterase inhibitor 58; Acts in the modification of cell walls via demethylesterification of cell wall pectin; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the pectinesterase family. (571 aa) |
| | PFK4 | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 4, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. (530 aa) |
| | PKP2 | Plastidial pyruvate kinase 2; Required for plastidial pyruvate kinase activity. Involved in seed oil accumulation, embryo development and seed storage compounds mobilization upon germination. (579 aa) |
| | MCD7.8 | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (498 aa) |
| | RD21B | Probable cysteine protease RD21B; Probable thiol protease. (463 aa) |
| | RFS5 | Probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 5; Transglycosidase operating by a ping-pong reaction mechanism. Involved in the synthesis of raffinose, a major soluble carbohydrate in seeds, roots and tubers (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolases 36 family. (783 aa) |
| | MAH20.13 | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (510 aa) |
| | TOR | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR; Essential cell growth regulator that controls development from early embryo to seed production. Controls plant growth in environmental stress conditions. Acts through the phosphorylation of downstream effectors that are recruited by the binding partner RAPTOR. Acts by activating transcription, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, and inhibiting mRNA degradation and autophagy. Can phosphorylate TAP46, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A that modulates cell growth and survival. Involved in modulating the transition from heterotrophic [...] (2481 aa) |
| | SUS6 | Sucrose synthase 6; Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways. Functions in callose synthesis at the site of phloem sieve elements. (942 aa) |
| | GOLS2 | Galactinol synthase 2; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. Promotes stress tolerance of factors such as drought, chilling, salinity and methylviologen (MV), a superoxide radical generating drug, by mediating an increase in levels of the endogenous osmoprotective compounds, galactinol and raffinose; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. Galactosyltransferase subfamily. (335 aa) |
| | ARR11 | Two-component response regulator ARR11; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity); Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily. (521 aa) |
| | HSP70-4 | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 4; In cooperation with other chaperones, Hsp70s are key components that facilitate folding of de novo synthesized proteins, assist translocation of precursor proteins into organelles, and are responsible for degradation of damaged protein under stress conditions (Probable). ATP-dependent molecular chaperone that assists folding of unfolded or misfolded proteins under stress conditions. Mediates plastid precursor degradation to prevent cytosolic precursor accumulation, together with the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CHIP. Recognizes specific sequence motifs in tr [...] (650 aa) |
| | CWINV5 | Beta-fructofuranosidase, insoluble isoenzyme CWINV5. (572 aa) |
| | PKP1 | Plastidial pyruvate kinase 1, chloroplastic; Required for plastidial pyruvate kinase activity. Involved in seed oil accumulation, embryo development and seed storage compounds mobilization upon germination. (596 aa) |
| | RBG4 | Glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 4, mitochondrial; Possibly has a role in RNA transcription or processing during stress. Binds sequence non-specifically to RNAs and DNAs. (136 aa) |
| | MYB305 | MYB-like DNA-binding domain protein. (269 aa) |
| | XCP2 | Cysteine protease XCP2; Cysteine protease involved in xylem tracheary element (TE) autolysis during xylogenesis in roots. Participates in micro autolysis within the intact central vacuole before mega autolysis is initiated by tonoplast implosion. Involved in susceptibility to the bacterial plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. (356 aa) |
| | EGY3 | Probable zinc metallopeptidase EGY3, chloroplastic; Probable membrane-associated metalloprotease that may be involved in chloroplast development; Belongs to the peptidase M50B family. (573 aa) |
| | NPF7.3 | Protein NRT1/ PTR FAMILY 7.3; Low-affinity proton-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter. Involved in nitrate loading into xylem and not in nitrate uptake. Not involved in histidine or dipeptides transport. Belongs to the PTR2/POT transporter (TC 2.A.17) family. (614 aa) |
| | NCED3 | 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED3, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids, in response to water stress. (599 aa) |
| | MYB121 | MYB-related transcription factor-like protein. (276 aa) |
| | PER29 | Peroxidase 29; Removal of H(2)O(2), oxidation of toxic reductants, biosynthesis and degradation of lignin, suberization, auxin catabolism, response to environmental stresses such as wounding, pathogen attack and oxidative stress. These functions might be dependent on each isozyme/isoform in each plant tissue; Belongs to the peroxidase family. Classical plant (class III) peroxidase subfamily. (339 aa) |
| | PIN2 | Auxin efflux carrier component 2; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the root-specific auxin transport, and mediates the root gravitropism. Its particular localization suggest a role in the translocation of auxin towards the elongation zone. (647 aa) |
| | Q9LU95_ARATH | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (497 aa) |
| | HSFC1 | Heat stress transcription factor C-1; Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds DNA sequence 5'-AGAAnnTTCT-3' known as heat shock promoter elements (HSE); Belongs to the HSF family. Class C subfamily. (330 aa) |
| | SUS4 | Sucrose synthase 4; Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. Plant sucrose synthase subfamily. (808 aa) |
| | ERF115 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF115; Acts as a transcriptional activator of the phytosulfokine PSK5 peptide hormone. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Rate-limiting factor of quiescent center cell division active when surrounding stem cells are damaged. Is a proteolytic target of APC/C-FZR1 complex. (263 aa) |
| | MLS | Malate synthase; Does not seem to be essential for lipid utilization and gluconeogenesis in seedlings; Belongs to the malate synthase family. (562 aa) |
| | PDC3 | Pyruvate decarboxylase 3; Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. (592 aa) |
| | PDC4 | Pyruvate decarboxylase 4; Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. (603 aa) |
| | F1I16_220 | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (492 aa) |
| | F1I16_60 | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (510 aa) |
| | PFK6 | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 6; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (462 aa) |
| | PFK1 | ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase 1; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Atypical ATP-dependent clade 'X' sub-subfamily. (473 aa) |
| | SUS3 | Sucrose synthase 3; Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways. Modulates metabolic homeostasis and direct carbon towards starch synthesis in developing seeds. (809 aa) |
| | ATHB-12 | Homeobox-leucine zipper protein ATHB-12; Probable transcription activator that may act as growth regulators in response to water deficit. (235 aa) |
| | PKP4 | Plastidial pyruvate kinase 4, chloroplastic. (710 aa) |
| | LPD2-2 | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine decarboxylase (GDC) or glycine cleavage system as well as of the alpha- ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. LPD1 is probably the protein most often associated with the glycine decarboxylase complex while LPD2 is probably incorporated into alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (507 aa) |
| | LPD1-2 | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine decarboxylase (GDC) or glycine cleavage system as well as of the alpha- ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. LPD1 is probably the protein most often associated with the glycine decarboxylase complex while LPD2 is probably incorporated into alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. (507 aa) |
| | CPK10 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 10; May play a role in signal transduction pathways that involve calcium as a second messenger. May be a positive regulator controlling stress signal transduction. (545 aa) |
| | ALDH10A8 | Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic. (501 aa) |
| | AIR1 | Putative lipid-binding protein AIR1. (111 aa) |
| | F1O11.21 | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (527 aa) |
| | ZAT11 | Zinc finger protein ZAT11; Probable transcription factor that may be involved in stress responses. (178 aa) |
| | SWEET11 | Bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET11; Mediates both low-affinity uptake and efflux of sugar across the plasma membrane. Involved in phloem loading by mediating export from parenchyma cells feeding H(+)-coupled import into the sieve element/companion cell complex, thus contributing to the sucrose migration from sites of synthesis in the mesophyll to the phloem. Contributes to seed filling by triggering sucrose efflux involved in the transfer of sugars from seed coat to embryos. (289 aa) |
| | T11I18.16 | Pyruvate kinase; Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. (510 aa) |
| | MDAR3 | Monodehydroascorbate reductase 3; Catalyzes the conversion of monodehydroascorbate to ascorbate, oxidizing NADH in the process. Required for producing sufficient ascorbate to maintain the interaction between Piriformospora indica and Arabidopsis in a mutualistic state. (441 aa) |
| | ALDH2B4 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 2 member B4, mitochondrial; Possesses activity on acetaldehyde and glycolaldehyde in vitro; Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. (538 aa) |
| | RDL5-2 | Probable cysteine protease RDL5; Possesses protease activity in vitro. (371 aa) |
| | TPS1 | Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase [UDP-forming] 1; Required for normal embryo development, vegetative growth and transition to flowering. Regulates embryo growth, cell wall deposition, starch and sucrose degradation, but not cell differentiation. Involved in the regulation of glucose sensing and signaling genes during plant development. (942 aa) |
| | RPS25E | 40S ribosomal protein S25-4. (108 aa) |
| | HSFB2B | Heat stress transcription factor B-2b; Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds DNA sequence 5'-AGAAnnTTCT-3' known as heat shock promoter elements (HSE). (377 aa) |
| | WRKY4 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 4; Transcription factor that binds specifically to the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Has a positive role in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens (e.g. Botrytis cinerea), but a negative effect on plant resistance to biotrophic pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae). (514 aa) |
| | PUB18 | U-box domain-containing protein 18; Functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase (By similarity). Mediates EXO70B1 ubiquitination. Involved in the regulation of abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stomatal movements. (697 aa) |
| | WRKY3 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 3; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity). (513 aa) |
| | CPK27 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 27; May play a role in signal transduction pathways that involve calcium as a second messenger; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDPK subfamily. (485 aa) |
| | AIR3 | Subtilisin-like protease SBT5.3; Serine protease. Has a substrate preference for the hydrophobic residues Phe and Ala and the basic residue Asp in the P1 position, and for Asp, Leu or Ala in the P1' position. May play a role in the degradation of structural proteins in the extracellular matrix of cells located above sites of lateral root formation and thus facilitate lateral root emergence (By similarity). (772 aa) |
| | F3G5.29 | Arginine biosynthesis bifunctional protein ArgJ, chloroplastic; Catalyzes two activities which are involved in the cyclic version of arginine biosynthesis: the synthesis of acetylglutamate from glutamate and acetyl-CoA, and of ornithine by transacetylation between acetylornithine and glutamate; Belongs to the ArgJ family. (468 aa) |
| | SAUR32 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR32; May play a role in the apical hook development. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (121 aa) |
| | ERF10 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 10; Involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways. Transcription factor that binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Acts as a transcriptional inhibitor and may regulate other AtERFs (By similarity). (245 aa) |
| | ARR2 | Two-component response regulator ARR2; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins. Involved in the expression of nuclear genes for components of mitochondrial complex I. Promotes cytokinin-mediated leaf longevity. Involved in th [...] (664 aa) |
