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| | A0A1I9LRU1 | Mevalonate/galactokinase family protein. (973 aa) |
| | F25P12.88 | Chitinase family protein. (303 aa) |
| | HEXO1 | Beta-hexosaminidase 1; Has a broad substrate specificity. Can use synthetic substrates such as pyridylaminated chitotriose, pyridylaminated chitobiose, p-nitrophenyl-beta-N-acetylglucosaminide, p-nitrophenyl-2- acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (pNP-GlcNAc), p-nitrophenyl-2- acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside (pNP-GalNAc), 4- methylumbelliferyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MU- GlcNAc), and 4-methylumbelliferyl-6-sulfo-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D- glucopyranoside (MU-GlcNAc-6SO(4)) as substrates. Removes terminal GlcNAc residues from alpha1,3- and alpha1,6-m [...] (541 aa) |
| | APS2 | Inactive glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase small subunit 2, chloroplastic; Belongs to the bacterial/plant glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase family. (476 aa) |
| | F28I8.31 | ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase family protein. (406 aa) |
| | F4JBK4_ARATH | Chitinase family protein. (283 aa) |
| | T16H5.80 | Glycosyl hydrolase family protein with chitinase insertion domain-containing protein; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. (363 aa) |
| | T16H5.110 | Glycosyl hydrolase family protein with chitinase insertion domain-containing protein; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. (362 aa) |
| | T16H5.120 | Glycosyl hydrolase family protein with chitinase insertion domain-containing protein; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. (369 aa) |
| | T16H5.180 | Glycosyl hydrolase family protein with chitinase insertion domain-containing protein; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. (368 aa) |
| | F17I14.110 | Glycosyl hydrolase family protein. (526 aa) |
| | GAE4 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 4; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (437 aa) |
| | CYT1 | Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Plays an essential role in plant growth and development and cell-wall architecture. Provides GDP-mannose, used for cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis, protein N-glycosylation, as well as for the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ascorbate. (361 aa) |
| | RGP3 | UDP-arabinopyranose mutase 3; UDP-L-arabinose mutase involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides. Catalyzes the interconvertion of UDP-L-arabinopyranose (UDP-Arap) and UDP-L-arabinofuranose (UDP-Araf). Preferentially catalyzes the formation of UDP-Arap from UDP-Araf. At thermodynamic equilibrium in vitro the ratio of the pyranose form over the furanose form is 95:5. Is not active on other UDP-sugars (UDP-Gal, UDP-Xyl, UDP-Glc, GDP-Man and GDP-Fuc). Is probably active as heteromer in vivo; Belongs to the RGP family. (362 aa) |
| | F18O19.27 | Endochitinase At2g43620. (283 aa) |
| | F18O19.28 | Endochitinase At2g43610. (281 aa) |
| | ARA1 | L-arabinokinase; Arabinose kinase. Involved in the salvage pathway which converts free L-arabinose to UDP-L-arabinose. May play a role in arabinose transport. (1039 aa) |
| | CHI58_ARATH | Endochitinase At2g43580; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 19 family. Chitinase class I subfamily. (265 aa) |
| | CHI | Endochitinase CHI; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 19 family. Chitinase class I subfamily. (277 aa) |
| | F18O19.29 | Inactive endochitinase At2g43600; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 19 family. Chitinase class I subfamily. (273 aa) |
| | F18O19.30 | Endochitinase At2g43590. (264 aa) |
| | SQD1 | UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase, chloroplastic; Involved in the biosynthesis of sulfolipids found in thylakoid membranes. Converts UDP-glucose and sulfite to the sulfolipid head group precursor UDP-sulfoquinovose; Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. (477 aa) |
| | GER1 | GDP-L-fucose synthase 1; Catalyzes the two-step NADP-dependent conversion of GDP-4- dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose to GDP-fucose, involving an epimerase and a reductase reaction. Not involved in the synthesis of GDP-L-galactose from GDP-D-manose. (323 aa) |
| | PGM3 | Probable phosphoglucomutase, cytoplasmic 1; This enzyme participates in both the breakdown and synthesis of glucose; Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family. (583 aa) |
| | MEE25 | Putative UDP-arabinose 4-epimerase 2. (417 aa) |
| | GLCNAC1PUT2 | UDP-N-acetylglucosamine diphosphorylase 2; Uridylyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of UDP- glucosamine, an essential precursor for glycoprotein and glycolipid synthesis. Can use UDP-glucosamine, the 4-epimer UDP-galactosamine and UDP-glucose as substrates. Acts redundantly with GLCNAC1PUT1. Required for gametogenesis and embryo development. (502 aa) |
| | PMM | Phosphomannomutase; Involved in ascorbic acid biosynthesis and in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions; Belongs to the eukaryotic PMM family. (246 aa) |
| | GAE3 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 3; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (430 aa) |
| | T16H5.90 | Glycosyl hydrolase superfamily protein; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. (332 aa) |
| | T16H5.160 | Glycosyl hydrolase family protein with chitinase insertion domain-containing protein; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. (398 aa) |
| | ChiC | Class V chitinase; Can hydrolyze glycol chitin and chitin oligosaccharides (e.g. N-acetylglucosamine) (GlcNAc)4, (GlcNAc)5 and (GlcNAc)6. (379 aa) |
| | F24G24.60 | Probable fructokinase-5; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation. (324 aa) |
| | CHI-B | Basic endochitinase B; Defense against chitin-containing fungal pathogens. Seems particularly implicated in resistance to jasmonate-inducing pathogens such as A.brassicicola. In vitro antifungal activity against T.reesei, but not against A.solani, F.oxysporum, S.sclerotiorum, G.graminis and P.megasperma. (335 aa) |
| | CHIB1 | Acidic endochitinase; This protein functions as a defense against chitin containing fungal pathogens; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class III subfamily. (302 aa) |
| | PGIC | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, cytosolic; Belongs to the GPI family. (560 aa) |
| | APS1 | Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase small subunit, chloroplastic; This protein plays a role in synthesis of starch. It catalyzes the synthesis of the activated glycosyl donor, ADP-glucose from Glc-1-P and ATP. (520 aa) |
| | ADG2 | Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase large subunit 1, chloroplastic; This protein plays a role in synthesis of starch. It catalyzes the synthesis of the activated glycosyl donor, ADP-glucose from Glc-1-P and ATP. (522 aa) |
| | APL2 | Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase large subunit 2, chloroplastic; This protein plays a role in synthesis of starch. It catalyzes the synthesis of the activated glycosyl donor, ADP-glucose from Glc-1-P and ATP. (518 aa) |
| | APL3 | Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase large subunit 3, chloroplastic; This protein plays a role in synthesis of starch. It catalyzes the synthesis of the activated glycosyl donor, ADP-glucose from Glc-1-P and ATP. (521 aa) |
| | DRT101 | Phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase; Interconverts GlcNAc-6-P and GlcNAc-1-P; Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family. (556 aa) |
| | UGP1 | UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase 1; Converts glucose 1-phosphate to UDP-glucose, which is the major glycosyl donor for polysaccharides. Acts redundantly with UGP2 and is essential for the synthesis of sucrose, starch and cell wall, and callose deposition. Involved in the regulation of the programmed cell death (PCD) induced by the fungal toxin fumonisin B1 (FB1). (470 aa) |
| | CBR2 | NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase-like protein; Desaturation and elongation of fatty acids; Belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family. (328 aa) |
| | MUR1 | GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase 2; Catalyzes the conversion of GDP-D-mannose to GDP-4-dehydro-6- deoxy-D-mannose; Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase subfamily. (373 aa) |
| | HXK2 | Hexokinase-2; Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme. May be involved in the phosphorylation of glucose during the export from mitochondrion to cytosol. Acts as sugar sensor which may regulate sugar-dependent gene repression or activation. Mediates the effects of sugar on plant growth and development independently of its catalytic activity or the sugar metabolism. May regulate the execution of program cell death in plant cells ; Belongs to the hexokinase family. (502 aa) |
| | GAUT3 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 3; May be involved in pectin and/or xylans biosynthesis in cell walls; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. (680 aa) |
| | HXK1 | Hexokinase-1; Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme. May be involved in the phosphorylation of glucose during the export from mitochondrion to cytosol. Acts as sugar sensor which may regulate sugar-dependent gene repression or activation. Mediates the effects of sugar on plant growth and development independently of its catalytic activity or the sugar metabolism. May regulate the execution of program cell death in plant cells. Promotes roots and leaves growth. Belongs to the hexokinase family. (496 aa) |
| | UGE1 | Bifunctional UDP-glucose 4-epimerase and UDP-xylose 4-epimerase 1; Catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-glucose and UDP- galactose and the interconversion between UDP-arabinose and UDP-xylose. Plays a role in D-galactose detoxification. (351 aa) |
| | ATHXK4 | Hexokinase-4; Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme (By similarity). May be involved in the phosphorylation of glucose during the export from mitochondrion to cytosol (By similarity). (502 aa) |
| | PGI1 | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1, chloroplastic; Promotes the synthesis of starch in leaves. (613 aa) |
| | F17I23.90 | Probable mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 3; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. (331 aa) |
| | HEXO3 | Beta-hexosaminidase 3; Has a broad substrate specificity. Can use synthetic substrates such as pyridylaminated chitotriose, p-nitrophenyl-beta-N- acetylglucosaminide, p-nitrophenyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D- glucopyranoside (pNP-GlcNAc), p-nitrophenyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D- galactopyranoside (pNP-GalNAc), 4-methylumbelliferyl-2-acetamido-2- deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MU-GlcNAc), and 4-methylumbelliferyl-6- sulfo-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MU-GlcNAc-6SO(4)) as substrates. Removes terminal GlcNAc residues from alpha1,3- and alpha1,6-mannosyl branches of biantenn [...] (535 aa) |
| | UGE3 | Bifunctional UDP-glucose 4-epimerase and UDP-xylose 4-epimerase 3; Catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-glucose and UDP- galactose and the interconversion between UDP-arabinose and UDP-xylose. Cooperates with UGE2 in pollen development. (351 aa) |
| | GAUT5 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 5; May be involved in pectin and/or xylans biosynthesis in cell walls. (610 aa) |
| | UXS4 | UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase 4; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Necessary for the biosynthesis of the core tetrasaccharide in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis (By similarity). Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase subfamily. (443 aa) |
| | GALAK | Galacturonokinase; Sugar-1-kinase with a strict substrate specificity for the alpha-anomeric configuration of D-galacturonic acid (D-GalA) and ATP. Involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-galacturonic acid (UDP-GalA) from the salvaged GalA that is released during growth-dependent cell wall restructuring; Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. (424 aa) |
| | UXS1 | UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase 1; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Necessary for the biosynthesis of the core tetrasaccharide in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. (435 aa) |
| | ASD2 | Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase 2; May be involved in the coordinated dissolution of the cell wall matrix during abscission and in the secondary cell wall formation in xylem vessels; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 51 family. (674 aa) |
| | GME | GDP-mannose 3,5-epimerase; Catalyzes a reversible epimerization of GDP-D-mannose that precedes the committed step in the biosynthesis of vitamin C (L- ascorbate), resulting in the hydrolysis of the highly energetic glycosyl-pyrophosphoryl linkage. Able to catalyze 2 distinct epimerization reactions and can release both GDP-L-galactose and GDP-L- gulose from GDP-mannose. (377 aa) |
| | GLCAK1 | Glucuronokinase 1; Sugar-1-kinase with a strict substrate specificity for D- glucuronic acid and ATP. Involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA), providing nucleotide sugars for cell-wall polymers. May be also involved in a salvage pathway for glucuronic acid. (362 aa) |
| | GAUT4 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 4; May be involved in pectin and/or xylans biosynthesis in cell walls; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. (616 aa) |
| | GLCNAC1PUT1 | UDP-N-acetylglucosamine diphosphorylase 1; Uridylyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of UDP- glucosamine, an essential precursor for glycoprotein and glycolipid synthesis. Can use both UDP-glucosamine and the 4-epimer UDP- galactosamine as substrates, but no other sugars or NTPs. Acts redundantly with GLCNAC1PUT2. Required for gametogenesis and embryo development. (505 aa) |
| | GAUT11 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 11; May be involved in pectin and/or xylans biosynthesis in cell walls (By similarity). Involved in seed mucilage extrusion. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. (537 aa) |
| | F28G11.11 | Probable fructokinase-6, chloroplastic; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation; Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family. (384 aa) |
| | USP | UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase; Required for the synthesis of the intine, the pectocellulosic inner wall of developing pollen. May function as the terminal enzyme of the myo-inositol oxidation (MIO) pathway. May also play a role in the salvage pathway for synthesis of nucleotide sugars. Can use a wide range of substrates including glucose-1-phosphate, galactose-1-phosphate, xylose-1- phosphate, arabinose-1-phosphate and glucuronate-1-phosphate. (614 aa) |
| | UGE4 | UDP-glucose 4-epimerase 4; Catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-glucose and UDP- galactose. Involved in channeling UDP-D-galactose (UDP-D-Gal) into cell wall polymers. Required for the galactosylation of xyloglucan (XyG) and type II arabinogalactan (AGII). Cooperates with UGE2 in cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis and growth. Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. (348 aa) |
| | F9E10.24 | Putative GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase; 64911-67597. (415 aa) |
| | RGP5 | Probable UDP-arabinopyranose mutase 5; Probable UDP-L-arabinose mutase involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides. Belongs to the RGP family. (348 aa) |
| | DUR | Putative UDP-arabinose 4-epimerase 4. (436 aa) |
| | UXS3 | UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase 3; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Necessary for the biosynthesis of the core tetrasaccharide in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase subfamily. (342 aa) |
| | MRG7.16 | ADP-glucose phosphorylase; Catalyzes the conversion of ADP-glucose and inorganic phosphate (Pi) into glucose-1-phosphate and ADP. Does not possess galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity. (351 aa) |
| | BXL4 | Beta-D-xylosidase 4; Beta-D-xylosidase showing an optimal efficiency with the natural substrate xylobiose; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 3 family. (784 aa) |
| | MIO24.3 | Probable fructokinase-7; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation. (343 aa) |
| | UGD4 | UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase 4; Involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP- GlcA), providing nucleotide sugars for cell-wall polymers; Belongs to the UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose dehydrogenase family. (480 aa) |
| | GAUT9 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 9; May be involved in pectin synthesis; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. (561 aa) |
| | UGD1 | UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase 1; Involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP- GlcA), providing nucleotide sugars for cell-wall polymers. (481 aa) |
| | HXK3 | Hexokinase-like 1 protein; Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme. Belongs to the hexokinase family. (493 aa) |
| | PMI2-2 | Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase 2; Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol- phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions. (441 aa) |
| | GAUT1 | Polygalacturonate 4-alpha-galacturonosyltransferase; Involved in pectin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of galacturonic acid from uridine 5'-diphosphogalacturonic acid onto the pectic polysaccharide homogalacturonan. (673 aa) |
| | UGD3 | UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase 3; Involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP- GlcA), providing nucleotide sugars for cell-wall polymers. Required for the formation of cell wall ingrowths on the outer cell walls of nematode-induced syncytia. (480 aa) |
| | GNA1 | Glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase; Acetyltransferase involved in UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP- GlcNAc) biosynthesis. UDP-GlcNAc is an essential metabolite that serves as an initial sugar donor for N-glycan synthesis and thus plays an important role in protein and lipid glycosylation. (149 aa) |
| | RGP2 | UDP-arabinopyranose mutase 2; UDP-L-arabinose mutase involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides. Catalyzes the interconvertion of UDP-L-arabinopyranose (UDP-Arap) and UDP-L-arabinofuranose (UDP-Araf) in vitro. Preferentially catalyzes the formation of UDP-Arap from UDP- Araf. At thermodynamic equilibrium in vitro the ratio of the pyranose form over the furanose form is 95:5. Is not active on other UDP-sugars (UDP-Gal, UDP-Xyl, UDP-Glc, GDP-Man and GDP-Fuc). Functions redundantly with RGP2 and is essential for proper cell walls and pollen development. Proba [...] (360 aa) |
| | RHM3 | UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose 3,5-epimerase/UDP-4-keto-L-rhamnose 4-keto-reductase; Trifunctional enzyme involved in UDP-beta-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, a precursor of the primary cell wall components rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). Catalyzes the dehydration of UDP-glucose to form UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose followed by the epimerization of the C3' and C5' positions of UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose to form UDP-4- keto-beta-L-rhamnose and the reduction of UDP-4-keto-beta-L-rhamnose to yield UDP-beta-L-rhamnose (By similarity). In the N-terminal section; [...] (664 aa) |
| | UGD2 | UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase 2; Involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP- GlcA), providing nucleotide sugars for cell-wall polymers. Required for the formation of cell wall ingrowths on the outer cell walls of nematode-induced syncytia; Belongs to the UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose dehydrogenase family. (480 aa) |
| | GFAT | Putative glucosamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase. (677 aa) |
| | GAE6 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 6; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (460 aa) |
| | BXL5 | Probable beta-D-xylosidase 5. (781 aa) |
| | GER2 | Putative GDP-L-fucose synthase 2; Catalyzes the two-step NADP-dependent conversion of GDP-4- dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose to GDP-fucose, involving an epimerase and a reductase reaction. (328 aa) |
| | T21E18.8 | Probable fructokinase-2; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation. (329 aa) |
| | T21E18.7 | Probable fructokinase-3; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation. (345 aa) |
| | FKGP | Bifunctional fucokinase/fucose pyrophosphorylase; Bifunctional enzyme involved in the salvage pathway which converts free L-fucose to GDP-L-fucose. The sugar-1-kinase activity has a strict substrate specificity for L-fucose and ATP. The pyrophosphorylase activity has a strict substrate specificity for L- fucose 1-phosphate and GTP. (1055 aa) |
| | GAE2 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 2; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (434 aa) |
| | RHM2 | UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose 3,5-epimerase/UDP-4-keto-L-rhamnose 4-keto-reductase; Trifunctional enzyme involved in UDP-beta-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, a precursor of the primary cell wall components rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). Catalyzes the dehydration of UDP-glucose to form UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy- D-glucose followed by the epimerization of the C3' and C5' positions of UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose to form UDP-4-keto-beta-L-rhamnose and the reduction of UDP-4-keto-beta-L-rhamnose to yield UDP-beta-L- rhamnose. Required for the normal seed coat epiderm [...] (667 aa) |
| | HKL1 | Hexokinase-3; Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme (By similarity). May be involved in the phosphorylation of glucose during the export from mitochondrion to cytosol (By similarity). (498 aa) |
| | NRS/ER | Bifunctional dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase/dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase; Bifunctional enzyme involved in dTDP-beta-L-rhamnose biosynthesis. Catalyzes the epimerization of the C3' and C5'positions of dTDP-6-deoxy-4-keto-alpha-D-glucose to form dTDP-4-keto-beta-L- rhamnose and its reduction to yield dTDP-beta-L-rhamnose. Can form UDP- beta-L-rhamnose from UDP-6-deoxy-4-keto-alpha-D-glucose, but cannot convert GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose to GDP-fucose. Belongs to the dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase family. (301 aa) |
| | GAUT8 | Galacturonosyltransferase 8; Alpha-1-4-D-galacturonosyltransferase involved in homogalacturonan (HGA) synthesis, a class of pectin which plays a role in cell adhesion; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. (559 aa) |
| | RGP4 | Probable UDP-arabinopyranose mutase 4; Probable UDP-L-arabinose mutase involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides. Belongs to the RGP family. (364 aa) |
| | BXL3 | Beta-D-xylosidase 3; Involved in the hydrolysis of arabinan. Can hydrolyze (1,3)- alpha-, (1,2)-alpha-linked side group residues and non-reducing terminal L-arabinofuranose residues of debranched (1,5)-alpha-L- arabinan backbone. Acts also as a beta-D-xylosidase, releasing D-xylose from arabinoxylan and xylan; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 3 family. (773 aa) |
| | GLCAK2 | Probable glucuronokinase 2; Sugar-1-kinase with a strict substrate specificity for D- glucuronic acid and ATP. Involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA), providing nucleotide sugars for cell-wall polymers. May be also involved in a salvage pathway for glucuronic acid (By similarity). (366 aa) |
| | UXS2 | UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase 2; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Necessary for the biosynthesis of the core tetrasaccharide in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase subfamily. (445 aa) |
| | GAE1 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 1; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (429 aa) |
| | T16L24.30 | Probable fructokinase-4; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation. (326 aa) |
| | T22E16.250 | Probable mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 2; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. (364 aa) |
| | EP3 | Endochitinase EP3; Probably involved in hypersensitive reaction upon Xanthomonas campestris infection; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 19 family. Chitinase class I subfamily. (273 aa) |
| | PMI1-2 | Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase 1; Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol- phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions. Involved in the ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthesis. Required during the endosperm development. (432 aa) |
| | UGP2 | UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase 2; Converts glucose 1-phosphate to UDP-glucose, which is the major glycosyl donor for polysaccharides. Acts redundantly with UGP1 and is essential for the synthesis of sucrose, starch and cell wall, and callose deposition; Belongs to the UDPGP type 1 family. (469 aa) |
| | GAUT6 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 6; Probably involved in pectin biosynthesis in cell walls. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. (589 aa) |
| | T4P13.31 | UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose dehydrogenase family protein. (158 aa) |
| | MUR4 | UDP-arabinose 4-epimerase 1; Acts as a UDP-D-xylose 4-epimerase but lacks both UDP-D- glucose and UDP-D-glucuronic acid 4-epimerase activities in vitro. Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. (419 aa) |
| | PGMP | Phosphoglucomutase, chloroplastic; This enzyme participates in both the breakdown and synthesis of glucose; Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family. (623 aa) |
| | ASD1 | Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase 1; May be involved in the coordinated dissolution of the cell wall matrix during abscission and in the secondary cell wall formation in xylem vessels. Prefers arabinoxylan, but may also use pectic arabinans as substrates. (678 aa) |
| | PGM2 | Probable phosphoglucomutase, cytoplasmic 2; This enzyme participates in both the breakdown and synthesis of glucose. (585 aa) |
| | AXS2 | UDP-D-apiose/UDP-D-xylose synthase 2; Catalyzes the conversion of UDP-D-glucuronate to a mixture of UDP-D-apiose and UDP-D-xylose. D-Apiose (3-C-hydroxymethyl-d-erythrose) is the only plant cell wall monosaccharide with a branched carbon skeleton and is found in rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II), apiogalacturonan, and several apioglycosides (By similarity). Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. (389 aa) |
| | T28P16.12 | Probable fructokinase-1; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation. (325 aa) |
| | APL4 | Probable glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase large subunit, chloroplastic; This protein plays a role in synthesis of starch. It catalyzes the synthesis of the activated glycosyl donor, ADP-glucose from Glc-1-P and ATP (By similarity); Belongs to the bacterial/plant glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase family. (523 aa) |
| | GAUT10 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 10; May be involved in pectin and/or xylans biosynthesis in cell walls. (536 aa) |
| | UGE5 | UDP-glucose 4-epimerase 5; Catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-glucose and UDP- galactose. (351 aa) |
| | UXS5 | UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase 5; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Necessary for the biosynthesis of the core tetrasaccharide in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis (By similarity). (341 aa) |
| | GMD1 | GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase 1; Catalyzes the conversion of GDP-D-mannose to GDP-4-dehydro-6- deoxy-D-mannose; Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase subfamily. (361 aa) |
| | RGP1 | UDP-arabinopyranose mutase 1; UDP-L-arabinose mutase involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides. Catalyzes the interconvertion of UDP-L-arabinopyranose (UDP-Arap) and UDP-L-arabinofuranose (UDP-Araf) in vitro. Preferentially catalyzes the formation of UDP-Arap from UDP- Araf. At thermodynamic equilibrium in vitro the ratio of the pyranose form over the furanose form is 95:5. Is not active on other UDP-sugars (UDP-Gal, UDP-Xyl, UDP-Glc, GDP-Man and GDP-Fuc). Functions redundantly with RGP2 and is essential for proper cell walls and pollen development. Proba [...] (357 aa) |
| | CSLD5 | Cellulose synthase-like protein D5; Involved in stem and root growth. Possesses xylan and homogalacturonan synthase activity. (1181 aa) |
| | GAE5 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 5; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (436 aa) |
| | F9F13.110 | Probable UDP-arabinose 4-epimerase 3. (411 aa) |
| | HEXO2 | Beta-hexosaminidase 2; Has a broad substrate specificity. Can use synthetic substrates such as p-nitrophenyl-beta-N-acetylglucosaminide, p- nitrophenyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (pNP-GlcNAc), p- nitrophenyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside (pNP-GalNAc), 4-methylumbelliferyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MU- GlcNAc), and 4-methylumbelliferyl-6-sulfo-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D- glucopyranoside (MU-GlcNAc-6SO(4)) as substrates. Removes terminal GlcNAc residues from alpha1,3- and alpha1,6-mannosyl branches of biantennary N-glycans without any stri [...] (580 aa) |
| | RHM1 | UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose 3,5-epimerase/UDP-4-keto-L-rhamnose 4-keto-reductase; Trifunctional enzyme involved in UDP-beta-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, a precursor of the primary cell wall components rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). Plays a major role in supplying UDP-rhamnose for flavonol biosynthesis. Catalyzes the dehydration of UDP-glucose to form UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy- D-glucose followed by the epimerization of the C3' and C5' positions of UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose to form UDP-4-keto-beta-L-rhamnose and the reduction of UDP-4-keto-beta-L-rhamnose [...] (669 aa) |
| | HKL3 | Probable hexokinase-like 2 protein; Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme. (493 aa) |
| | UGE2 | UDP-glucose 4-epimerase 2; Catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-glucose and UDP- galactose. Cooperates with UGE3 in pollen development and with UGE4 in cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis and growth. Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. (350 aa) |
| | CBR1 | NADH--cytochrome b5 reductase 1; Reductase transferring electrons from NADH to cytochrome b5. Required for the NADH-dependent electron transfer involved in the desaturation and hydroxylation of fatty acids and in the desaturation of sterol precursors. No activity with NADPH as electron donor. (281 aa) |
| | GAUT2 | Putative galacturonosyltransferase 2; May be involved in pectin and/or xylans biosynthesis in cell walls. (528 aa) |
| | AXS1 | UDP-D-apiose/UDP-D-xylose synthase 1; Catalyzes the conversion of UDP-D-glucuronate to a mixture of UDP-D-apiose and UDP-D-xylose. D-Apiose (3-C-hydroxymethyl-d-erythrose) is the only plant cell wall monosaccharide with a branched carbon skeleton and is found in rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II), apiogalacturonan, and several apioglycosides. (389 aa) |
| | UXS6 | UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase 6; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Necessary for the biosynthesis of the core tetrasaccharide in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis (By similarity). (343 aa) |
| | GAUT7 | Probable galacturonosyltransferase 7; May be involved in pectin biosynthesis; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. (619 aa) |
