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| | rps2 | Putative ribosomal protein S2, flavodoxin-like domain protein; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family. (236 aa) |
| | atpA | ATP synthase subunit alpha; Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. (508 aa) |
| | accD | Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit beta; Component of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) complex. Biotin carboxylase (BC) catalyzes the carboxylation of biotin on its carrier protein (BCCP) and then the CO(2) group is transferred by the transcarboxylase to acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA. (480 aa) |
| | ndhC | NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit A; NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient; Belongs to the complex I subunit 3 family. (120 aa) |
| | atpH | Putative ATPase, F0 complex, subunit C, V-ATPase proteolipid subunit C-like domain protein; F(1)F(0) ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton or sodium gradient. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. (81 aa) |
| | lhbA | Photosystem II reaction center protein Z; Controls the interaction of photosystem II (PSII) cores with the light-harvesting antenna; Belongs to the PsbZ family. (62 aa) |
| | rps14 | Putative ribosomal protein S14. (100 aa) |
| | ycf4 | Photosystem I assembly protein Ycf4; Seems to be required for the assembly of the photosystem I complex; Belongs to the Ycf4 family. (184 aa) |
| | ndhJ | NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit C; NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. Belongs to the complex I 30 kDa subunit family. (158 aa) |
| | psbE | Cytochrome b559 subunit alpha; This b-type cytochrome is tightly associated with the reaction center of photosystem II (PSII). PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. Belongs to the PsbE/PsbF family. (83 aa) |
| | rps18 | Putative ribosomal protein S18; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS18 family. (101 aa) |
| | psbB | Photosystem II CP47 reaction center protein; One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII). It binds chlorophyll and helps catalyze the primary light- induced photochemical processes of PSII. PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase, using light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation; Belongs to the PsbB/PsbC family. PsbB subfamily. (508 aa) |
| | rpl33 | Putative ribosomal protein L33, Zinc-binding ribosomal protein. (66 aa) |
| | petD | Cytochrome b6-f complex subunit 4; Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions. (174 aa) |
| | rps11 | Putative ribosomal protein S11; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family. (136 aa) |
| | rpl14 | Putative ribosomal protein L14b/L23e; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family. (122 aa) |
| | rpoA | DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. (335 aa) |
| | rpl23 | Putative ribosomal protein L25/L23; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family. (93 aa) |
| | rps3 | Putative 30S ribosomal protein S3 protein; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family. (218 aa) |
| | rps7 | Ribosomal protein S7; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family. (155 aa) |
| | rpl22 | Putative 50S ribosomal protein L22 protein; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL22 family. (154 aa) |
| | ccsA | Cytochrome c biogenesis protein CcsA; Required during biogenesis of c-type cytochromes (cytochrome c6 and cytochrome f) at the step of heme attachment. (322 aa) |
| | ndhG | Putative NADH:ubiquinone/plastoquinone oxidoreductase, chain 6; Belongs to the complex I subunit 6 family. (176 aa) |
| | rpl32 | Putative 50S ribosomal protein L32 protein. (54 aa) |
| | ycf1 | Hypothetical chloroplast RF19. (194 aa) |
| | ycf15 | Hypothetical chloroplast RF15. (53 aa) |
| | psaC | Photosystem I iron-sulfur center. (81 aa) |
| | rpl20 | 50S ribosomal protein L20; Binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA and is necessary for the in vitro assembly process of the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is not involved in the protein synthesizing functions of that subunit. (126 aa) |
| | ndhE | NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit K; NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient; Belongs to the complex I subunit 4L family. (101 aa) |
| | CCSA | Putative cytochrome c biogenesis protein CcsA. (259 aa) |
| | PSBA | Photosystem II protein D1; Belongs to the reaction center PufL/M/PsbA/D family. (322 aa) |
| | ycf2 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (1898 aa) |
| | ATPB | Putative ATP synthase subunit beta protein. (528 aa) |
| | ClpP | ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit. (196 aa) |
| | PSBA-2 | Photosystem II protein D1; Belongs to the reaction center PufL/M/PsbA/D family. (340 aa) |
| | psbD-2 | Photosystem II CP43 reaction center protein; One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII). It binds chlorophyll and helps catalyze the primary light- induced photochemical processes of PSII. PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase, using light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation; Belongs to the PsbB/PsbC family. PsbC subfamily. (793 aa) |
| | cbbL | Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain; RuBisCO catalyzes two reactions: the carboxylation of D- ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, the primary event in carbon dioxide fixation, as well as the oxidative fragmentation of the pentose substrate. Both reactions occur simultaneously and in competition at the same active site; Belongs to the RuBisCO large chain family. Type I subfamily. (492 aa) |
| | CYB6-2 | Cytochrome b6; Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions. (238 aa) |
| | ndhF | Putative NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, chain 5; Belongs to the complex I subunit 5 family. (743 aa) |
| | AtpF | Putative ATPase, F0 complex, subunit B/B' protein; Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family. (658 aa) |
| | psbH | Photosystem II reaction center protein H; One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII), required for its stability and/or assembly. PSII is a light- driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. (79 aa) |
| | ycf2-2 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (1694 aa) |
| | RPOA | Putative DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha. (318 aa) |
| | NU2C1-2 | NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit N; NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient; Belongs to the complex I subunit 2 family. (521 aa) |
| | ycf2-3 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (1782 aa) |
| | Rps12 | NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 3; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. (244 aa) |
| | nuoB | NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit B; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. (335 aa) |
| | matK | Maturase K; Usually encoded in the trnK tRNA gene intron. Probably assists in splicing its own and other chloroplast group II introns. Belongs to the intron maturase 2 family. MatK subfamily. (487 aa) |
| | Rps15 | Putative ribosomal protein S15; Belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family. (442 aa) |
| | ndhD | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase chain 4; NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H, via FMN and iron- sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient; Belongs to the complex I subunit 4L family. (709 aa) |
| | rps11-2 | Putative ribosomal protein S11. (139 aa) |
| | ycf3 | Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1; Essential for the assembly of the photosystem I (PSI) complex. May act as a chaperone-like factor to guide the assembly of the PSI subunits; Belongs to the PsaA/PsaB family. (1630 aa) |
| | Rps12-2 | Putative ribosomal protein S12/S23. (142 aa) |
| | rpoB | DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit gamma; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta' chain family. RpoC1 subfamily. (3147 aa) |
| | nuoI | NADH-quinone oxidoreductase subunit D; NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. This subunit may bind ubiquinone. (987 aa) |
| | ycf2-4 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (2131 aa) |
| | PSAC | Putative photosystem I iron-sulfur center. (85 aa) |
| | cob | Cytochrome b; Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex) that is part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The b-c1 complex mediates electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c. Contributes to the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane that is then used for ATP synthesis. (434 aa) |
| | psbK | Photosystem II reaction center protein K; One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII). PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. (70 aa) |
| | Ycf1 | Uncharacterized protein. (1521 aa) |
| | CCSA-2 | Putative cytochrome c biogenesis protein CcsA. (265 aa) |
| | TRNH | Putative tropinone reductase. (275 aa) |
| | PSBK | Putative photosystem II reaction center protein K. (62 aa) |
| | NDH | Putative NADH dehydrogenase. (535 aa) |
| | YCF4 | Putative photosystem I assembly protein Ycf4. (178 aa) |
| | ycf2-5 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (1573 aa) |
| | NDHJ | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit J, chloroplastic; NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. (174 aa) |
| | ycf2-6 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (2117 aa) |
| | YCF2 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (2048 aa) |
| | matK-2 | Maturase K; Usually encoded in the trnK tRNA gene intron. Probably assists in splicing its own and other chloroplast group II introns. Belongs to the intron maturase 2 family. MatK subfamily. (447 aa) |
| | PETD | Putative cytochrome b6-f complex subunit 4. (174 aa) |
| | PSBH | Putative photosystem II reaction center protein H. (79 aa) |
| | PSBB | Putative photosystem II CP47 reaction center protein. (415 aa) |
| | ACCD | Putative acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit beta protein. (419 aa) |
| | NDHJ-2 | NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit J, chloroplastic; NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. (158 aa) |
| | CLPP | ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit. (178 aa) |
| | PETD-2 | Putative cytochrome b6-f complex subunit 4. (148 aa) |
| | Rps19 | Putative ribosomal protein L2, Ribosomal protein S19/S15, Ribosomal protein S19, superfamily; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS19 family. (226 aa) |
| | NdhA | Putative ribosomal protein S15. (822 aa) |
| | ACCD-2 | Putative acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit beta protein. (322 aa) |
| | ycf2-7 | Protein Ycf2; Probable ATPase of unknown function. Its presence in a non- photosynthetic plant (Epifagus virginiana) and experiments in tobacco indicate that it has an essential function which is probably not related to photosynthesis; Belongs to the Ycf2 family. (1608 aa) |
| | ATPA | ATP synthase subunit alpha; Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. (442 aa) |
| | PSAC-2 | Putative photosystem I iron-sulfur center. (72 aa) |
| | PSBH-2 | Putative photosystem II reaction center protein H. (79 aa) |
| | ACCD-3 | Putative acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit beta protein. (336 aa) |
| | ATPB-2 | Putative ATP synthase subunit beta protein. (377 aa) |
| | PSBB-2 | Photosystem II CP47 reaction center protein; One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII). It binds chlorophyll and helps catalyze the primary light- induced photochemical processes of PSII. PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase, using light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. (487 aa) |
| | PSBB-3 | Photosystem II CP47 reaction center protein; One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII). It binds chlorophyll and helps catalyze the primary light- induced photochemical processes of PSII. PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase, using light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. (492 aa) |
| | PSBK-2 | Putative photosystem II reaction center protein K. (70 aa) |
| | matK-3 | Maturase K; Usually encoded in the trnK tRNA gene intron. Probably assists in splicing its own and other chloroplast group II introns. Belongs to the intron maturase 2 family. MatK subfamily. (500 aa) |
| | psbA | Photosystem II protein D1; Photosystem II (PSII) is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. The D1/D2 (PsbA/PsbA) reaction center heterodimer binds P680, the primary electron donor of PSII as well as several subsequent electron acceptors. (353 aa) |
