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| | YTA7 | Tat-binding homolog 7; Protein that localizes to chromatin; has a role in regulation of histone gene expression; has a bromodomain-like region that interacts with the N-terminal tail of histone H3, and an ATPase domain; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; potentially phosphorylated by Cdc28p. (1379 aa) |
| | SWC3 | SWR1-complex protein 3; Protein of unknown function; component of the SWR1 complex, which exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; required for formation of nuclear-associated array of smooth endoplasmic reticulum known as karmellae; Belongs to the SWC3 family. (625 aa) |
| | FUN30 | ATP-dependent helicase FUN30; Snf2p family member with ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity; has a role in silencing at the mating type locus, telomeres and centromeres; enriched at centromeres and is required for correct chromatin structure around centromeres, as well as at the boundary element of the silent HMR; recruited to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) where it promotes 5' strand resection of DSBs; potential Cdc28p substrate. (1131 aa) |
| | FUN19 | SWIRM domain-containing protein FUN19; Non-essential protein of unknown function; expression induced in response to heat stress; FUN19 has a paralog, YOR338W, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (413 aa) |
| | HTB2 | Histone H2B; core histone protein required for chromatin assembly and chromosome function; nearly identical to HTB1; Rad6p-Bre1p-Lge1p mediated ubiquitination regulates reassembly after DNA replication, transcriptional activation, meiotic DSB formation and H3 methylation. (131 aa) |
| | LDB7 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex protein RSC14; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; interacts with Rsc3p, Rsc30p, Npl6p, and Htl1p to form a module important for a broad range of RSC functions. (180 aa) |
| | HHF1 | Histone H4; core histone protein required for chromatin assembly and chromosome function; one of two identical histone proteins (see also HHF2); contributes to telomeric silencing; N-terminal domain involved in maintaining genomic integrity. (103 aa) |
| | RDH54 | DNA-dependent ATPase; DNA recombination/repair translocase, supercoils DNA and promotes DNA strand opening; stimulates strand exchange by modifying dsDNA topology; involved in recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during mitosis and meiosis; phosphorylated in Mec1p-, Rad53p-dependent way in response to one DSB; contributes to remodelling of nucleosomes; proposed to be involved in crossover interference; interacts with Dmc1p; stimulates Dmc1p and Rad51p. (958 aa) |
| | NHP6B | Non-histone chromosomal protein 6B; High-mobility group (HMG) protein; binds to and remodels nucleosomes; involved in recruiting FACT and other chromatin remodelling complexes to the chromosomes; functionally redundant with Nhp6Ap; required for transcriptional initiation fidelity of some tRNA genes; homologous to mammalian HMGB1 and HMGB2; NHP6B has a paralog, NHP6A, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (99 aa) |
| | CYC8 | General transcriptional co-repressor; acts together with Tup1p; also acts as part of a transcriptional co-activator complex that recruits the SWI/SNF and SAGA complexes to promoters; can form the prion [OCT+]. (966 aa) |
| | RAD16 | Nucleotide excision repair (NER) protein; binds damaged DNA during NER; binds DNA in an ATP-dependent manner (with Rad7p) during NER; required for NER of non-transcribed chromatin; subunit of Nucleotide Excision Repair Factor 4 (NEF4) and the Elongin-Cullin-Socs (ECS) ligase complex. (790 aa) |
| | MSI1 | Subunit of chromatin assembly factor I (CAF-1); chromatin assembly by CAF-1 affects multiple processes including silencing at telomeres, mating type loci, and rDNA; maintenance of kinetochore structure; deactivation of DNA damage checkpoint after DNA repair; chromatin dynamics during transcription; and repression of divergent noncoding transcription; Msi1p localizes to nucleus and cytoplasm and independently regulates the RAS/cAMP pathway via sequestration of Npr1p kinase. (422 aa) |
| | SWC5 | SWR1-complex protein 5; Component of the SWR1 complex; complex exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; Belongs to the SWC5 family. (303 aa) |
| | ISW1 | ISWI chromatin-remodeling complex ATPase ISW1; ATPase subunit of imitation-switch (ISWI) class chromatin remodelers; with Ioc3p forms Isw1a complex involved in repression of transcription initiation; with Ioc2p and Ioc4p forms Isw1b complex involved in regulation of transcription elongation; Isw1b recruited to ORFs by H3K36 methylation and acts with Chd1p to prevent trans-histone exchange over coding regions; Isw1p import into nucleus depends on C-terminal bipartite nuclear targeting signal KRIR X19 KKAK. (1129 aa) |
| | SNF5 | Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; involved in transcriptional regulation; functions interdependently in transcriptional activation with Snf2p and Snf6p; relocates to the cytosol under hypoxic conditions. (905 aa) |
| | HTL1 | High temperature lethal protein 1; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; RSC functions in transcriptional regulation and elongation, chromosome stability, and establishing sister chromatid cohesion; involved in telomere maintenance. (78 aa) |
| | RSC6 | Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; essential for mitotic growth; RSC6 has a paralog, SNF12, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (483 aa) |
| | NHP10 | Non-histone protein 10; Non-essential INO80 chromatin remodeling complex subunit; preferentially binds DNA ends, protecting them from exonucleatic cleavage; deletion affects telomere maintenance via recombination; related to mammalian high mobility group proteins. (203 aa) |
| | BDF2 | Bromodomain-containing factor 2; Protein involved in transcription initiation; acts at TATA-containing promoters; associates with the basal transcription factor TFIID; contains two bromodomains; corresponds to the C-terminal region of mammalian TAF1; redundant with Bdf1p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; BDF2 has a paralog, BDF1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (638 aa) |
| | PHO2 | Regulatory protein PHO2; Homeobox transcription factor; regulatory targets include genes involved in phosphate metabolism; binds cooperatively with Pho4p to the PHO5 promoter; phosphorylation of Pho2p facilitates interaction with Pho4p; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (559 aa) |
| | GIS1 | Transcriptional activator/repressor GIS1; Histone demethylase and transcription factor; regulates genes during nutrient limitation; activity modulated by proteasome-mediated proteolysis; has JmjC and JmjN domain in N-terminus that interact, promoting stability and proper transcriptional activity; contains two transactivating domains downstream of Jmj domains and a C-terminal DNA binding domain; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; GIS1 has a paralog, RPH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (894 aa) |
| | DPB4 | Subunit of DNA pol epsilon and of ISW2 chromatin accessibility complex; involved in both chromosomal DNA replication and inheritance of telomeric silencing; stabilizes the interaction of Pol epsilon with primer-template DNA, positively affecting the processivity of the polymerase and exonuclease activities of Pol epsilon; interacts with extranucleosomal DNA and acts as anchor point for ISW2 complex that retains its position on DNA during nucleosome mobilization. (196 aa) |
| | HMO1 | Chromatin associated high mobility group (HMG) family member; involved in compacting, bending, bridging and looping DNA; rDNA-binding component that regulates transcription from RNA polymerase I promoters; regulates start site selection of ribosomal protein genes via RNA polymerase II promoters; role in genome maintenance; associates with a 5'-3' DNA helicase and Fpr1p, a prolyl isomerase; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (246 aa) |
| | RVB1 | RuvB-like protein 1; ATP-dependent DNA helicase, also known as pontin; member of the AAA+ and RuvB-like protein families; similar to Rvb2p; conserved component of multiple complexes including the INO80 complex, the Swr1 complex, and the R2TP complex (Rvb1-Rvb2-Tah1-Pih1); involved in multiple processes such as chromatin remodeling, box C/D snoRNP assembly, and RNA polymerase II assembly. (463 aa) |
| | HST4 | NAD-dependent histone deacetylase HST4; NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase; deacetylation targets are primarily mitochondrial proteins; involved along with Hst3p in silencing at telomeres, cell cycle progression, radiation resistance, genomic stability and short-chain fatty acid metabolism; accumulates in mitochondria in response to biotin starvation and may link biotin metabolism with energy homeostasis; member of the Sir2 family and may be the functional equivalent of human SIRT3. (370 aa) |
| | UME6 | Transcriptional regulatory protein UME6; Rpd3L histone deacetylase complex subunit; key transcriptional regulator of early meiotic genes; involved in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional repression via DNA looping; binds URS1 upstream regulatory sequence, represses transcription by recruiting conserved histone deacetylase Rpd3p (through co-repressor Sin3p) and chromatin-remodeling factor Isw2p; couples metabolic responses to nutritional cues with initiation and progression of meiosis, forms compl. (836 aa) |
| | HTB1 | Histone H2B; core histone protein required for chromatin assembly and chromosome function; nearly identical to HTB2; Rad6p-Bre1p-Lge1p mediated ubiquitination regulates reassembly after DNA replication, transcriptional activation, meiotic DSB formation and H3 methylation. (131 aa) |
| | RSC3 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex protein RSC3; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; essential gene required for maintenance of proper ploidy and regulation of ribosomal protein genes and the cell wall/stress response; RSC3 has a paralog, RSC30, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (885 aa) |
| | SWR1 | Helicase SWR1; Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase; structural component of the SWR1 complex, which exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; chronological aging factor that mediates lifespan extension by dietary restriction; Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. SWR1 subfamily. (1514 aa) |
| | NCB2 | Subunit of a heterodimeric NC2 transcription regulator complex; complex binds to TBP and can repress transcription by preventing preinitiation complex assembly or stimulate activated transcription; homologous to human NC2beta; complex also includes Bur6p. (146 aa) |
| | DOT1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-79 specific; Nucleosomal histone H3-Lys79 methylase; methylation is required for telomeric silencing, meiotic checkpoint control, and DNA damage response. (582 aa) |
| | ADA2 | Transcriptional adapter 2; Transcription coactivator; component of the ADA and SAGA transcriptional adaptor/HAT (histone acetyltransferase) complexes. (434 aa) |
| | VPS72 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 72; Htz1p-binding component of the SWR1 complex; exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; may function as a lock that prevents removal of H2AZ from nucleosomes; required for vacuolar protein sorting. (795 aa) |
| | IES6 | Chromatin-remodeling complex subunit IES6; Component of the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex; critical for INO80 function; involved in regulation of chromosome segregation and maintenance of normal centromeric chromatin structure; human ortholog INO80C is a member of the human INO80 complex; implicated in DNA repair based on genetic interactions with RAD52 epistasis genes; Belongs to the IES6 family. (166 aa) |
| | HAT2 | Subunit of the Hat1p-Hat2p histone acetyltransferase complex; required for high affinity binding of the complex to free histone H4, thereby enhancing Hat1p activity; similar to human RbAp46 and 48; has a role in telomeric silencing. (401 aa) |
| | CHZ1 | Histone chaperone for Htz1p/H2A-H2B dimer; required for the stabilization of the Chz1p-Htz1-H2B complex; has overlapping function with Nap1p; null mutant displays weak sensitivity to MMS and benomyl; contains a highly conserved CHZ motif; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (153 aa) |
| | CHD1 | Chromo domain-containing protein 1; Chromatin remodeler that regulates various aspects of transcription; acts in in conjunction with Isw1b to regulate chromatin structure and maintain chromatin integrity during transcription elongation by RNAP II by preventing trans-histone exchange over coding regions; contains a chromo domain, a helicase domain and a DNA-binding domain; component of both the SAGA and SLIK complexes. (1468 aa) |
| | RPH1 | DNA damage-responsive transcriptional repressor RPH1; JmjC domain-containing histone demethylase; targets tri- and dimethylated H3K36; associates with actively transcribed regions and promotes elongation; repressor of autophagy-related genes in nutrient-replete conditions; damage-responsive repressor of PHR1; phosphorylated by the Rad53p-dependent DNA damage checkpoint pathway and by a Rim1p-mediated event during starvation; target of stress-induced hormesis; RPH1 has a paralog, GIS1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (796 aa) |
| | IES1 | Subunit of the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (692 aa) |
| | SWP82 | SWI/SNF global transcription activator complex subunit SWP82; Member of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; has an as yet unidentified role in the complex; has identifiable counterparts in closely related yeast species; abundantly expressed in many growth conditions; paralog of Npl6p; relocates to the cytosol under hypoxic conditions; Belongs to the RSC7/SWP82 family. SWP82 subfamily. (623 aa) |
| | IOC3 | ISWI one complex protein 3; Subunit of the Isw1a complex; Isw1a has nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity and represses transcription initiation by specific positioning of a promoter proximal dinucleosome; promotes nucleosome shifts in the 5 prime direction; IOC3 has a paralog, ESC8, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (787 aa) |
| | PHO4 | Phosphate system positive regulatory protein PHO4; Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor of the myc-family; activates transcription cooperatively with Pho2p in response to phosphate limitation; binding to 'CACGTG' motif is regulated by chromatin restriction, competitive binding of Cbf1p to the same DNA binding motif and cooperation with Pho2p; function is regulated by phosphorylation at multiple sites and by phosphate availability. (312 aa) |
| | RSC8 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex protein RSC8; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; essential for viability and mitotic growth; homolog of SWI/SNF subunit Swi3p, but unlike Swi3p, does not activate transcription of reporters. (557 aa) |
| | IRC5 | Uncharacterized ATP-dependent helicase IRC5; Putative ATPase containing the DEAD/H helicase-related sequence motif; null mutant displays increased levels of spontaneous Rad52p foci; SWAT-GFP and mCherry fusion proteins localize to the nucleus. (853 aa) |
| | RPT6 | ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; bound by ubiquitin-protein ligases Ubr1p and Ufd4p; localized mainly to the nucleus throughout the cell cycle; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (405 aa) |
| | INO80 | Chromatin-remodeling ATPase INO80; ATPase and nucleosome spacing factor; subunit of complex containing actin and actin-related proteins that has chromatin remodeling activity and 3' to 5' DNA helicase activity in vitro; promotes nucleosome shifts in the 3 prime direction; has a role in modulating stress gene transcription. (1489 aa) |
| | RAD54 | DNA repair and recombination protein RAD54; DNA-dependent ATPase that stimulates strand exchange; modifies the topology of double-stranded DNA; involved in the recombinational repair of double-strand breaks in DNA during vegetative growth and meiosis; member of the SWI/SNF family of DNA translocases; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress. (898 aa) |
| | SPT16 | Subunit of the heterodimeric FACT complex (Spt16p-Pob3p); FACT associates with chromatin via interaction with Nhp6Ap and Nhp6Bp, and reorganizes nucleosomes to facilitate access to DNA by RNA and DNA polymerases; specifically required for diauxic shift-induced H2B deposition onto rDNA genes; mutations cause reduced nucleosome occupancy over highly transcribed regions; coregulates transcription with Mot1p through preinitiation complex assembly and nucleosome organization. (1035 aa) |
| | SWC4 | SWR1-complex protein 4; Component of the Swr1p complex that incorporates Htz1p into chromatin; component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex. (476 aa) |
| | RSC1 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex subunit RSC1; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; required for expression of mid-late sporulation-specific genes; contains two essential bromodomains, a bromo-adjacent homology (BAH) domain, and an AT hook; RSC1 has a paralog, RSC2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the RSC1 family. (928 aa) |
| | SPT6 | Transcription elongation factor SPT6; Nucleosome remodeling protein; functions in various aspects of transcription, chromatin maintenance, and RNA processing; required for the maintenance of chromatin structure during transcription in order to inhibit transcription from promoters within the coding region; required for H3K36 trimethylation but not dimethylation by Set2p. (1451 aa) |
| | GCN5 | Catalytic subunit of ADA and SAGA histone acetyltransferase complexes; modifies N-terminal lysines on histones H2B and H3; acetylates Rsc4p, a subunit of the RSC chromatin-remodeling complex, altering replication stress tolerance; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; mutant displays reduced transcription elongation in the G-less-based run-on (GLRO) assay; greater involvement in repression of RNAPII-dependent transcription than in activation; Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GCN5 subfamily. (439 aa) |
| | RTT102 | Regulator of Ty1 transposition protein 102; Component of both the SWI/SNF and RSC chromatin remodeling complexes; suggested role in chromosome maintenance; possible weak regulator of Ty1 transposition; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (157 aa) |
| | SNF6 | Transcription regulatory protein SNF6; Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; involved in transcriptional regulation; functions interdependently in transcriptional activation with Snf2p and Snf5p; relocates to the cytosol under hypoxic conditions. (332 aa) |
| | RSC30 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex protein RSC30; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; non-essential gene required for regulation of ribosomal protein genes and the cell wall/stress response; null mutants are osmosensitive; RSC30 has a paralog, RSC3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (883 aa) |
| | STH1 | Nuclear protein STH1/NPS1; ATPase component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; required for expression of early meiotic genes; promotes base excision repair in chromatin; essential helicase-related protein homologous to Snf2p. (1359 aa) |
| | FKH1 | Fork head protein homolog 1; Forkhead family transcription factor; rate-limiting replication origin activator; evolutionarily conserved lifespan regulator; binds multiple chromosomal elements with distinct specificities, cell cycle dynamics; regulates transcription elongation, chromatin silencing at mating loci, expression of G2/M phase genes; facilitates clustering, activation of early-firing replication origins; binds HML recombination enhancer, regulates donor preference during mating-type switching. (484 aa) |
| | ARP4 | Nuclear actin-related protein involved in chromatin remodeling; component of chromatin-remodeling enzyme complexes. (489 aa) |
| | ASF1 | Histone chaperone ASF1; Nucleosome assembly factor; involved in chromatin assembly, disassembly; required for recovery after DSB repair; role in H3K56 acetylation required for expression homeostasis, buffering mRNA synthesis rate against gene dosage changes in S phase; anti-silencing protein, derepresses silent loci when overexpressed; role in regulating Ty1 transposition; relocalizes to cytosol under hypoxia; growth defect of asf1 null is functionally complemented by either human ASF1A or ASF1B. (279 aa) |
| | SWI3 | Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; SWI/SNF regulates transcription by remodeling chromosomes; contains SANT domain that is required for SWI/SNF assembly; is essential for displacement of histone H2A-H2B dimers during ATP-dependent remodeling; required for transcription of many genes, including ADH1, ADH2, GAL1, HO, INO1 and SUC2; relocates to the cytosol under hypoxic conditions. (825 aa) |
| | RAD26 | DNA repair and recombination protein RAD26; Protein involved in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair; repairs UV-induced DNA lesions; recruitment to DNA lesions is dependent on an elongating RNA polymerase II; homolog of human CSB protein; Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. (1085 aa) |
| | CBF1 | Centromere-binding protein 1; Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein; forms homodimer to bind E-box consensus sequence CACGTG present at MET gene promoters and centromere DNA element I (CDEI); affects nucleosome positioning at this motif; associates with other transcription factors such as Met4p and Isw1p to mediate transcriptional activation or repression; associates with kinetochore proteins, required for chromosome segregation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (351 aa) |
| | JHD2 | JmjC domain family histone demethylase; promotes global demethylation of H3K4 and repression of noncoding intergenic transcription during sporulation; removes methyl groups added by Set1p methyltransferase; negatively regulated by H3K14 acetylation; protein levels regulated by Not4p polyubiquitin-mediated degradation; regulates sporulation timing by extending period of active transcription in opposition to programmed global transcriptional quiescence; regulates rDNA silencing. (728 aa) |
| | TTI1 | TEL2-interacting protein 1; Subunit of the ASTRA complex, involved in chromatin remodeling; telomere length regulator involved in the stability or biogenesis of PIKKs such as TORC1; similar to S. pombe Tti1p; detected in highly purified mitochondria in high-throughput studies. (1038 aa) |
| | MSN4 | Zinc finger protein MSN4; Stress-responsive transcriptional activator; activated in stochastic pulses of nuclear localization in response to various stress conditions; binds DNA at stress response elements of responsive genes, inducing gene expression; involved in diauxic shift. (630 aa) |
| | ABF1 | ARS-binding factor 1; DNA binding protein with possible chromatin-reorganizing activity; involved in transcriptional activation, gene silencing, and DNA replication and repair; Belongs to the BAF1 family. (731 aa) |
| | RSC4 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex subunit RSC4; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; found in close proximity to nucleosomal DNA; displaced from the surface of nucleosomal DNA after chromatin remodeling; acetylated (K25) by Gcn5p, altering replication stress tolerance; contains tandem bromodomains that recognize histone H3 acetylated on K14 (H3K14ac) by Gcn5p. (625 aa) |
| | NAP1 | Nucleosome assembly protein; Histone chaperone; involved in histone exchange by removing and replacing histone H2A-H2B dimers or histone variant dimers from assembled nucleosomes; involved in the transport of H2A and H2B histones to the nucleus; required for the regulation of microtubule dynamics during mitosis; interacts with mitotic cyclin Clb2p; controls bud morphogenesis; phosphorylated by CK2; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (417 aa) |
| | HIF1 | HAT1-interacting factor 1; Non-essential component of the HAT-B histone acetyltransferase complex; localized to the nucleus; has a role in telomeric silencing; other members are Hat1p and Hat2p; Belongs to the NASP family. (385 aa) |
| | RAD5 | DNA repair protein RAD5; DNA helicase/Ubiquitin ligase; involved in error-free DNA damage tolerance (DDT), replication fork regression during postreplication repair by template switching, error-prone translesion synthesis; promotes synthesis of free and PCNA-bound polyubiquitin chains by Ubc13p-Mms2p; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress; associates with native telomeres, cooperates with homologous recombination in senescent cells; human homolog HLTF can complement yeast null mutant. (1169 aa) |
| | RSC58 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex protein RSC58; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; RSC functions in transcriptional regulation and elongation, chromosome stability, and establishing sister chromatid cohesion; involved in telomere maintenance. (502 aa) |
| | IES3 | Subunit of the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex. (250 aa) |
| | ARP6 | Actin-like protein ARP6; Actin-related protein that binds nucleosomes; a component of the SWR1 complex, which exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A. (438 aa) |
| | IOC2 | ISWI one complex protein 2; Subunit of the Isw1b complex; exhibits nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity and acts within coding regions to coordinate transcription elongation with termination and processing; contains a PHD finger motif; other complex members are Isw1p and Ioc4p. (812 aa) |
| | IRC20 | Uncharacterized ATP-dependent helicase IRC20; E3 ubiquitin ligase and putative helicase; involved in synthesis-dependent strand annealing-mediated homologous recombination; ensures precise end-joining along with Srs2p in the Yku70p/Yku80p/Lig4p-dependent nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway; localizes to both the mitochondrion and the nucleus; contains a Snf2/Swi2 family ATPase/helicase and a RING finger domain; interacts with Cdc48p and Smt3p; null mutant displays increased levels of spontaneous Rad52p foci. (1556 aa) |
| | SFH1 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex subunit SFH1; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; essential gene required for cell cycle progression and maintenance of proper ploidy; phosphorylated in the G1 phase of the cell cycle; Snf5p paralog; hSNF5 tumor suppressor ortholog. (426 aa) |
| | RSC2 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex subunit RSC2; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; required for expression of mid-late sporulation-specific genes; involved in telomere maintenance; RSC2 has a paralog, RSC1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the RSC1 family. (889 aa) |
| | VID22 | Vacuolar import and degradation protein 22; Glycosylated integral membrane protein localized to plasma membrane; plays a role in fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) degradation; involved in FBPase transport from the cytosol to Vid (vacuole import and degradation) vesicles; VID22 has a paralog, ENV11, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (901 aa) |
| | SWC7 | SWR1-complex protein 7; Protein of unknown function; component of the Swr1p complex that incorporates Htz1p into chromatin; Belongs to the SWC7 family. (132 aa) |
| | BDF1 | Bromodomain-containing factor 1; Protein involved in transcription initiation; functions at TATA-containing promoters; associates with the basal transcription factor TFIID; contains two bromodomains; corresponds to the C-terminal region of mammalian TAF1; redundant with Bdf2p; BDF1 has a paralog, BDF2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (686 aa) |
| | FPR4 | FK506-binding protein 4; Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase); nuclear proline isomerase; affects expression of multiple genes via its role in nucleosome assembly; catalyzes isomerization of proline residues in histones H3 and H4, which affects lysine methylation of those histones; PPIase domain acts as a transcriptional repressor when tethered to DNA by lexA, and repressor activity is dependent on PPIase activity; contains a nucleoplasmin-like fold and can form pentamers; Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP3/4 subfamily. (392 aa) |
| | SPT5 | Spt4p/5p (DSIF) transcription elongation factor complex subunit; the Spt4/5 complex binds to ssRNA in a sequence-specific manner, and in concert with RNAP I and II has multiple roles regulating transcriptional elongation, RNA processing, quality control, and transcription-coupled repair; interacts with DNA upstream of RNAPII and the non-template strand of the transcription bubble; Spt5p is the only transcription elongation factor conserved in all domains of life. (1063 aa) |
| | VPS71 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 71; Nucleosome-binding component of the SWR1 complex; SWR1 exchanges histone variant H2AZ (Htz1p) for chromatin-bound histone H2A; required for vacuolar protein sorting. (280 aa) |
| | FPR3 | FK506-binding nuclear protein; Nucleolar peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase); FK506 binding protein; affects expression of multiple genes via its role in nucleosome assembly; phosphorylated by casein kinase II (Cka1p-Cka2p-Ckb1p-Ckb2p) and dephosphorylated by Ptp1p; PPIase domain acts as a transcriptional repressor when tethered to DNA by lexA, and repressor activity is dependent on PPIase activity; FPR3 has a paralog, FPR4, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP3/4 subfamily. (411 aa) |
| | CAC2 | Subunit of chromatin assembly factor I (CAF-1), with Rlf2p and Msi1p; chromatin assembly by CAF-1 is important for multiple processes including silencing at telomeres, mating type loci, and rDNA; maintenance of kinetochore structure, deactivation of the DNA damage checkpoint after DNA repair, chromatin dynamics during transcription; and repression of divergent transcription; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (468 aa) |
| | RSC9 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex subunit RSC9; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; DNA-binding protein involved in the synthesis of rRNA and in transcriptional repression and activation of genes regulated by the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway; Belongs to the RSC9 family. (581 aa) |
| | ARP9 | Actin-like protein ARP9; Component of both the SWI/SNF and RSC chromatin remodeling complexes; actin-related protein involved in transcriptional regulation. (467 aa) |
| | MSN2 | Zinc finger protein MSN2; Stress-responsive transcriptional activator; activated in stochastic pulses of nuclear localization in response to various stress conditions; binds DNA at stress response elements of responsive genes; relative distribution to nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress. (704 aa) |
| | IOC4 | ISWI one complex protein 4; Member of a complex (Isw1b) with Isw1p and Ioc2p; interacts directly with H3K36me3 nucleosomes through its PWWP domain to recruit the Isw1b complex to open reading frames in a Set2p-dependent manner; Isw1b exhibits nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity and acts within coding regions to coordinate transcription elongation with termination and processing. (475 aa) |
| | NPL6 | Chromatin structure-remodeling complex subunit RSC7; Component of the RSC chromatin remodeling complex; interacts with Rsc3p, Rsc30p, Ldb7p, and Htl1p to form a module important for a broad range of RSC functions. (435 aa) |
| | ECM5 | Protein ECM5; Subunit of the Snt2C complex; physically associates with Snt2p and Rpd3p; along with Snt2p, recruits Rpd3p to a small number of promoters; also colocalizes with Snt2p, independently of Rpd3p, to promoters of stress response genes in response to oxidative stress; contains ATP/GTP-binding site motif A; null mutant exhibits increased cellular volume, large drooping buds with elongated necks; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress. (1411 aa) |
| | HHF2 | Histone H4; core histone protein required for chromatin assembly and chromosome function; one of two identical histone proteins (see also HHF1); contributes to telomeric silencing; N-terminal domain involved in maintaining genomic integrity. (103 aa) |
| | ARP5 | Nuclear actin-related protein involved in chromatin remodeling; component of chromatin-remodeling enzyme complexes; promotes nucleosome shifts in the 3 prime direction; Belongs to the actin family. (755 aa) |
| | FKH2 | Fork head protein homolog 2; Forkhead family transcription factor; rate-limiting activator of replication origins; evolutionarily conserved regulator of lifespan; binds multiple chromosomal elements with distinct specificities, cell cycle dynamics; positively regulates transcriptional elongation; facilitates clustering, activation of early-firing replication origins; negative role in chromatin silencing at HML and HMR; major role in expression of G2/M phase genes; relocalizes to cytosol under hypoxia. (862 aa) |
| | TOP2 | DNA topoisomerase 2; Topoisomerase II; relieves torsional strain in DNA by cleaving and re-sealing phosphodiester backbone of both positively and negatively supercoiled DNA; cleaves complementary strands; localizes to axial cores in meiosis; required for replication slow zone (RSZ) breakage following Mec1p inactivation; human homolog TOP2A implicated in cancers, and can complement yeast null mutant; Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family. (1428 aa) |
| | YAF9 | Protein AF-9 homolog; Subunit of NuA4 histone H4 acetyltransferase and SWR1 complexes; may function to antagonize silencing near telomeres; interacts directly with Swc4p; has homology to human leukemogenic protein AF9; contains a YEATS domain. (226 aa) |
| | IES2 | Ino eighty subunit 2; Protein that associates with the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex; associates with the INO80 complex under low-salt conditions; essential for growth under anaerobic conditions; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; Belongs to the IES2 family. (320 aa) |
| | VPS75 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 75; NAP family histone chaperone; binds to histones and Rtt109p, stimulating histone acetyltransferase activity; possesses nucleosome assembly activity in vitro; proposed role in vacuolar protein sorting and in double-strand break repair; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (264 aa) |
| | SNF12 | Transcription regulatory protein SNF12; 73 kDa subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; involved in transcriptional regulation; relocates to the cytosol under hypoxic conditions; deletion mutants are temperature-sensitive; SNF12 has a paralog, RSC6, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (566 aa) |
| | HTZ1 | Histone variant H2AZ; exchanged for histone H2A in nucleosomes by the SWR1 complex; involved in transcriptional regulation through prevention of the spread of silent heterochromatin; Htz1p-containing nucleosomes facilitate RNA Pol II passage by affecting correct assembly and modification status of RNA Pol II elongation complexes and by favoring efficient nucleosome remodeling. (134 aa) |
| | ARP8 | Actin-like protein ARP8; Nuclear actin-related protein involved in chromatin remodeling; component of chromatin-remodeling enzyme complexes; has mRNA binding activity. (881 aa) |
| | IES4 | Ino eighty subunit 4; Component of the INO80 chromatiin remodeling complex; target of the Mec1p/Tel1p DNA damage signaling pathway; proposed to link chromatin remodeling to replication checkpoint responses. (116 aa) |
| | ULS1 | ATP-dependent helicase ULS1; Swi2/Snf2-related translocase, SUMO-Targeted Ubiquitin Ligase (STUbL); required for maintenance of NHEJ inhibition at telomeres; functions at telomeres to translocate and ubiquitinylate poly-sumoylated Rap1p for proteosomal degradation; plays role in antagonizing silencing during mating-type switching; only known STUbL with a translocase activity; contains RING finger domain; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress. (1619 aa) |
| | SAS5 | Something about silencing protein 5; Subunit of the SAS complex (Sas2p, Sas4p, Sas5p); acetylates free histones and nucleosomes and regulates transcriptional silencing; stimulates Sas2p HAT activity. (248 aa) |
| | WTM2 | Transcriptional modulator; involved in regulation of meiosis, silencing, and expression of RNR genes; involved in response to replication stress; contains WD repeats; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; WTM2 has a paralog, UME1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (467 aa) |
| | WTM1 | Transcriptional modulator; involved in regulation of meiosis, silencing, and expression of RNR genes; required for nuclear localization of the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit Rnr2p and Rnr4p; contains WD repeats. (437 aa) |
| | SNF2 | Transcription regulatory protein SNF2; Catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; involved in transcriptional regulation; contains DNA-stimulated ATPase activity; functions interdependently in transcriptional activation with Snf5p and Snf6p. (1703 aa) |
| | ISW2 | ISWI chromatin-remodeling complex ATPase ISW2; ATP-dependent DNA translocase involved in chromatin remodeling; ATPase component that, with Itc1p, forms a complex required for repression of a-specific genes, INO1, and early meiotic genes during mitotic growth; the Isw2 complex exhibits basal levels of chromatin binding throughout the genome as well as target-specific chromatin interactions; targeted by Ume6p- and Sua7p-dependent DNA looping to many loci genome-wide. (1120 aa) |
| | YOR338W | Putative protein of unknown function; YOR338W transcription is regulated by Azf1p and its transcript is a specific target of the G protein effector Scp160p; identified as being required for sporulation in a high-throughput mutant screen; YOR338W has a paralog, FUN19, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (363 aa) |
| | SWI1 | Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex; regulates transcription by remodeling chromatin; required for transcription of many genes, including ADH1, ADH2, GAL1, HO, INO1 and SUC2; self-assembles to form [SWI+] prion and to alter expression pattern; human homolog ARID1A is a candidate tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer; Belongs to the SWI1 family. (1314 aa) |
| | GCR1 | Transcriptional activator of genes involved in glycolysis; DNA-binding protein that interacts and functions with the transcriptional activator Gcr2p. (785 aa) |
| | MOT1 | TATA-binding protein-associated factor MOT1; Essential protein involved in regulation of transcription; removes Spt15p (TBP) from DNA via its C-terminal ATPase activity; may have a role in ensuring that soluble TBP is available to bind TATA-less promoters; forms a complex with TBP that binds TATA DNA with high affinity but with altered specificity; the Mot1p-Spt15p-DNA ternary complex contains unbent DNA; coregulates transcription with Spt16p through assembly of preinitiation complex and organization of nucleosomes. (1867 aa) |
| | HHO1 | Histone H1, linker histone with roles in meiosis and sporulation; decreasing levels early in sporulation may promote meiosis, and increasing levels during sporulation facilitate compaction of spore chromatin; binds to promoters and within genes in mature spores; may be recruited by Ume6p to promoter regions, contributing to transcriptional repression outside of meiosis; suppresses DNA repair involving homologous recombination; Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family. (258 aa) |
| | TBF1 | Protein TBF1; Telobox-containing general regulatory factor; binds TTAGGG repeats within subtelomeric anti-silencing regions (STARs), blocking silent chromatin propagation; binds majority of snoRNA gene promoters, required for full snoRNA expression; caps DSB flanked by long T2AG3 repeats and blocks checkpoint activation. (562 aa) |
| | TAF14 | Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 14; Subunit of TFIID, TFIIF, INO80, SWI/SNF, and NuA3 complexes; involved in RNA polymerase II transcription initiation and in chromatin modification; contains a YEATS domain; Belongs to the TAF14 family. (244 aa) |
| | UME1 | Transcriptional regulatory protein UME1; Component of both the Rpd3S and Rpd3L histone deacetylase complexes; negative regulator of meiosis; required for repression of a subset of meiotic genes during vegetative growth, binding of histone deacetylase Rpd3p required for activity, contains a NEE box and a WD repeat motif; homologous with Wtm1p; UME1 has a paralog, WTM2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (460 aa) |
| | MRN1 | RNA-binding protein that may be involved in translational regulation; binds specific categories of mRNAs, including those that contain upstream open reading frames (uORFs) and internal ribosome entry sites (IRES); interacts genetically with chromatin remodelers and splicing factors, linking chromatin state, splicing and as a result mRNA maturation. (612 aa) |
| | RVB2 | RuvB-like protein 2; ATP-dependent DNA helicase, also known as reptin; member of the AAA+ and RuvB protein families, similar to Rvb1p; conserved component of multiple complexes including the INO80 complex, the Swr1 complex, and the R2TP complex (Rvb1-Rvb2-Tah1-Pih1); involved in multiple processes such as chromatin remodeling, box C/D snoRNP assembly, and RNA polymerase II assembly. (471 aa) |
| | RLF2 | Largest subunit (p90) of the Chromatin Assembly Complex (CAF-1); chromatin assembly by CAF-1 is important for multiple processes including silencing at telomeres, mating type loci, and rDNA; maintenance of kinetochore structure; deactivation of the DNA damage checkpoint after DNA repair; chromatin dynamics during transcription; and repression of divergent noncoding transcription. (606 aa) |
| | ARP7 | Actin-related protein 7; Component of both the SWI/SNF and RSC chromatin remodeling complexes; actin-related protein involved in transcriptional regulation. (477 aa) |
| | NHP6A | Non-histone chromosomal protein 6A; High-mobility group (HMG) protein; binds to and remodels nucleosomes; involved in recruiting FACT and other chromatin remodelling complexes to chromosomes; functionally redundant with Nhp6Bp; required for transcriptional initiation fidelity of some tRNA genes; homologous to mammalian HMGB1 and HMGB2; NHP6A has a paralog, NHP6B, that arose from the whole genome duplication; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (93 aa) |
| | SPN1 | Transcription factor SPN1; Protein involved in RNA polymerase II transcription; is constitutively recruited to the CYC1 promoter and is required for recruitment of chromatin remodeling factors for the expression of CYC1 gene; interacts genetically or physically with RNAP II, TBP, TFIIS, and chromatin remodelling factors; central domain highly conserved throughout eukaryotes; mutations confer an Spt- phenotype. (410 aa) |
