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NAM2 | Leucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase; also has direct role in splicing of several mitochondrial group I introns; indirectly required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; human homolog LARS2 can complement yeast null mutant, and is implicated in Perrault syndrome; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (894 aa) | ||||
ILS1 | Isoleucine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Cytoplasmic isoleucine-tRNA synthetase; target of the G1-specific inhibitor reveromycin A. (1072 aa) | ||||
SLM5 | Asparagine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. (492 aa) | ||||
SES1 | Serine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Cytosolic seryl-tRNA synthetase; class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that aminoacylates tRNA(Ser), displays tRNA-dependent amino acid recognition which enhances discrimination of the serine substrate, interacts with peroxin Pex21p. (462 aa) | ||||
KRS1 | Lysine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Lysyl-tRNA synthetase. (591 aa) | ||||
MSW1 | Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (379 aa) | ||||
YDR341C | Arginine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Arginyl-tRNA synthetase; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in highly purified mitochondria in high-throughput studies; YDR341C has a paralog, MSR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (607 aa) | ||||
AIM10 | Probable proline--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Protein with similarity to tRNA synthetases; non-tagged protein is detected in purified mitochondria; null mutant is viable and displays elevated frequency of mitochondrial genome loss. (576 aa) | ||||
ARC1 | tRNA-aminoacylation cofactor ARC1; Protein that binds tRNA and methionyl- and glutamyl-tRNA synthetases; involved in tRNA delivery, stimulating catalysis, and ensuring localization; also binds quadruplex nucleic acids; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; methionyl-tRNA synthetase is Mes1p; glutamyl-tRNA synthetase is Gus1p. (376 aa) | ||||
GUS1 | Glutamate--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS); forms a complex with methionyl-tRNA synthetase (Mes1p) and Arc1p; complex formation increases the catalytic efficiency of both tRNA synthetases and ensures their correct localization to the cytoplasm; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 2 subfamily. (708 aa) | ||||
VAS1 | Valine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial and cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase; human homolog VARS2 implicated in mitochondrial diseases, can partially complement yeast null mutant; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (1104 aa) | ||||
MSM1 | Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS); functions as a monomer in mitochondrial protein synthesis; functions similarly to cytoplasmic MetRS although the cytoplasmic form contains a zinc-binding domain not found in Msm1p. (575 aa) | ||||
TYS1 | Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Cytoplasmic tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase; required for cytoplasmic protein synthesis; interacts with positions 34 and 35 of the tRNATyr anticodon; mutations in human ortholog YARS are associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathies; human ortholog YARS functionally complements the heat sensitivity of a ts allele; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (394 aa) | ||||
TDH3 | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 3; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes the reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in the cytoplasm and cell wall; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides secreted by S. cerevisiae are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bacteria; binds AU-rich RNA. (332 aa) | ||||
MES1 | Methionine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Methionyl-tRNA synthetase; forms a complex with glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (Gus1p) and Arc1p, which increases the catalytic efficiency of both tRNA synthetases; also has a role in nuclear export of tRNAs; mutations in human ortholog MARS are associated with pediatric pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. (751 aa) | ||||
DIA4 | Serine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Probable mitochondrial seryl-tRNA synthetase; mutant displays increased invasive and pseudohyphal growth; Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type-1 seryl-tRNA synthetase subfamily. (446 aa) | ||||
DED81 | Asparagine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Cytosolic asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase; required for protein synthesis, catalyzes the specific attachment of asparagine to its cognate tRNA; Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (554 aa) | ||||
YHR020W | Putative proline--tRNA ligase YHR020W; Prolyl-tRNA synthetase; N-terminal domain shows weak homology to prokaryotic posttransfer editing domain, but does not possess posttransfer editing activity; may interact with ribosomes, based on co-purification experiments. (688 aa) | ||||
MSR1 | Arginine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial arginyl-tRNA synthetase; mutations in human ortholog are associated with pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6; MSR1 has a paralog, YDR341C, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (643 aa) | ||||
THS1 | Threonine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Threonyl-tRNA synthetase; essential cytoplasmic protein; human homolog TARS can complement yeast null mutant. (734 aa) | ||||
TDH1 | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 1; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes the reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in the cytoplasm and cell wall; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides secreted by S. cerevisiae are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bateria. (332 aa) | ||||
TDH2 | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 2; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in cytoplasm and cell wall; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bateria; TDH2 has a paralog, TDH3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (332 aa) | ||||
MST1 | Threonine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial threonyl-tRNA synthetase; aminoacylates both the canonical threonine tRNA tT(UGU)Q1 and the unusual threonine tRNA tT(UAG)Q2 in vitro; lacks a typical editing domain, but has pre-transfer editing activity stimulated by the unusual tRNA-Thr. (462 aa) | ||||
MSK1 | Lysine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial lysine-tRNA synthetase; required for import of both aminoacylated and deacylated forms of tRNA(Lys) into mitochondria and for aminoacylation of mitochondrially encoded tRNA(Lys). (576 aa) | ||||
YNL247W | Cysteine--tRNA ligase; Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase; may interact with ribosomes, based on co-purification experiments; human gene CARS allows growth of the yeast haploid null mutant after sporulation of a heterozygous diploid. (767 aa) | ||||
MSE1 | Glutamate--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial glutamyl-tRNA synthetase; predicted to be palmitoylated; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 1 subfamily. (536 aa) | ||||
WRS1 | Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Cytoplasmic tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase; aminoacylates tryptophanyl-tRNA; human homolog WARS can complement yeast null mutant; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (432 aa) | ||||
GLN4 | Glutamine--tRNA ligase; Glutamine tRNA synthetase; monomeric class I tRNA synthetase that catalyzes the specific glutaminylation of tRNA(Gln); N-terminal domain proposed to be involved in enzyme-tRNA interactions; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (809 aa) | ||||
ISM1 | Isoleucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase; null mutant is deficient in respiratory growth; human homolog IARS2 implicated in mitochondrial diseases, can partially complement yeast null mutant. (1002 aa) | ||||
MSY1 | Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. (492 aa) | ||||
CDC60 | Leucine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic; Cytosolic leucyl tRNA synthetase; ligates leucine to the appropriate tRNA; human homolog LARS can complement yeast temperature-sensitive mutant at restrictive temperature. (1090 aa) | ||||
HTS1 | Histidine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial histidine tRNA synthetase; efficient mitochondrial localization requires both a presequence and an amino-terminal sequence; mutations in human ortholog HARS2 are associated with Perrault syndrome; Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (546 aa) |