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TOS3 TOS3 URA7 URA7 VPS15 VPS15 CDC28 CDC28 ELO2 ELO2 KIN82 KIN82 MRK1 MRK1 PPH21 PPH21 KCS1 KCS1 LCB2 LCB2 GCN2 GCN2 DPL1 DPL1 IPK1 IPK1 SNF1 SNF1 CHO1 CHO1 GAL83 GAL83 SAK1 SAK1 CMK1 CMK1 PHO4 PHO4 OLE1 OLE1 SNF4 SNF4 PCT1 PCT1 PHO81 PHO81 SLM1 SLM1 PBS2 PBS2 ELO1 ELO1 TOR1 TOR1 URA8 URA8 AUR1 AUR1 ELM1 ELM1 CTK1 CTK1 CNB1 CNB1 CKI1 CKI1 VPS34 VPS34 ELO3 ELO3 VIP1 VIP1 CNA1 CNA1 CMP2 CMP2 RIM11 RIM11 FAA4 FAA4 LCB1 LCB1 MCK1 MCK1 ACC1 ACC1 FPK1 FPK1 PHO80 PHO80 CMK2 CMK2 YGK3 YGK3 PHO85 PHO85 SUR1 SUR1 PIS1 PIS1
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TOS3Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOS3; Protein kinase; related to and functionally redundant with Elm1p and Sak1p for the phosphorylation and activation of Snf1p; functionally orthologous to LKB1, a mammalian kinase associated with Peutz-Jeghers cancer-susceptibility syndrome; TOS3 has a paralog, SAK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (560 aa)
URA7Major CTP synthase isozyme (see also URA8); catalyzes the ATP-dependent transfer of the amide nitrogen from glutamine to UTP, forming CTP, the final step in de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; capable of forming cytoplasmic filaments termed cytoophidium, especially during conditions of glucose depletion; URA7 has a paralog, URA8, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (579 aa)
VPS15Serine/threonine-protein kinase VPS15; Serine/threonine protein kinase involved in vacuolar protein sorting; functions as a membrane-associated complex with Vps34p; active form recruits Vps34p to the Golgi membrane; interacts with the GDP-bound form of Gpa1p; myristoylated; a fraction is localized, with Vps34p, to nuclear pores at nucleus-vacuole junctions and may facilitate transcription elongation for genes positioned at the nuclear periphery. (1454 aa)
CDC28Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) catalytic subunit; master regulator of mitotic and meiotic cell cycles; alternately associates with G1, S, G2/M phase cyclins, which provide substrate specificity; regulates metabolism, basal transcription, chromosome dynamics, growth and morphogenesis; transcript induction in osmostress involves antisense RNA; human homologs CDK1, CDK2, CDK3 can complement yeast conditional cdc28 mutants; human CDK1, CDK2 can complement yeast cdc28 null mutant. (298 aa)
ELO2Elongation of fatty acids protein 2; Fatty acid elongase, involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis; acts on fatty acids of up to 24 carbons in length; mutations have regulatory effects on 1,3-beta-glucan synthase, vacuolar ATPase, and the secretory pathway; ELO2 has a paralog, ELO1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; lethality of the elo2 elo3 double null mutation is functionally complemented by human ELOVL1 and weakly complemented by human ELOVL3 or ELOV7. (347 aa)
KIN82Serine/threonine-protein kinase KIN82; Putative serine/threonine protein kinase; implicated in the regulation of phospholipid asymmetry through the activation of phospholipid translocases (flippases); involved in the phosphorylation of upstream inhibitory kinase Ypk1p along with Fpk1p; has a redundant role in the cellular response to mating pheromone; KIN82 has a paralog, FPK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (720 aa)
MRK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRK1; Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) homolog; one of four GSK-3 homologs in S. cerevisiae that function to activate Msn2p-dependent transcription of stress responsive genes and that function in protein degradation; MRK1 has a paralog, RIM11, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (501 aa)
PPH21Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A); functionally redundant with Pph22p; methylated at C terminus; forms alternate complexes with several regulatory subunits; involved in signal transduction and regulation of mitosis; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress; PPH21 has a paralog, PPH22, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2A subfamily. (369 aa)
KCS1Inositol hexakisphosphate and inositol heptakisphosphate kinase; generation of high energy inositol pyrophosphates by Kcs1p is required for many processes such as vacuolar biogenesis, stress response, RNA polymerase I-mediated rRNA transcription and telomere maintenance; inositol hexakisphosphate is also known as IP6; inositol heptakisphosphate is also known as IP7; Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family. (1050 aa)
LCB2Component of serine palmitoyltransferase; responsible along with Lcb1p for the first committed step in sphingolipid synthesis, which is the condensation of serine with palmitoyl-CoA to form 3-ketosphinganine; Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (561 aa)
GCN2eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2; Protein kinase; phosphorylates the alpha-subunit of translation initiation factor eIF2 (Sui2p) in response to starvation; activated by uncharged tRNAs and the Gcn1p-Gcn20p complex; contributes to DNA damage checkpoint control. (1659 aa)
DPL1Dihydrosphingosine phosphate lyase; regulates intracellular levels of sphingolipid long-chain base phosphates (LCBPs), degrades phosphorylated long chain bases, prefers C16 dihydrosphingosine-l-phosphate as a substrate. (589 aa)
IPK1Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase; nuclear protein required for synthesis of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (phytate), which is integral to cell function; has 2 motifs conserved in other fungi; ipk1 gle1 double mutant is inviable; human IPPK can complement ipk1 null mutant. (281 aa)
SNF1AMP-activated S/T protein kinase; forms a complex with Snf4p and members of the Sip1p/Sip2p/Gal83p family; required for transcription of glucose-repressed genes, thermotolerance, sporulation, and peroxisome biogenesis; regulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Hxk2p; regulates filamentous growth and acts as a non-canonical GEF, activating Arf3p during invasive growth; SUMOylation by Mms21p inhibits its function and targets Snf1p for destruction via the Slx5-Slx8 Ub ligase. (633 aa)
CHO1CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase; Phosphatidylserine synthase; functions in phospholipid biosynthesis; catalyzes the reaction CDP-diaclyglycerol + L-serine = CMP + L-1-phosphatidylserine, transcriptionally repressed by myo-inositol and choline. (276 aa)
GAL83One of three possible beta-subunits of the Snf1 kinase complex; allows nuclear localization of the Snf1 kinase complex in the presence of a nonfermentable carbon source; necessary and sufficient for phosphorylation of the Mig2p transcription factor in response to alkaline stress; functionally redundant with SIP1 and SIP2 for the phosphorylation of Mig1p in response to glucose deprivation; contains a glycogen-binding domain. (417 aa)
SAK1Upstream serine/threonine kinase for the SNF1 complex; plays a role in pseudohyphal groth; partially redundant with Elm1p and Tos3p; members of this family have functional orthology with LKB1, a mammalian kinase associated with Peutz-Jeghers cancer-susceptibility syndrome; SAK1 has a paralog, TOS3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (1142 aa)
CMK1Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; may play a role in stress response, many Ca++/calmodulin dependent phosphorylation substrates demonstrated in vitro, amino acid sequence similar to mammalian Cam Kinase II; CMK1 has a paralog, CMK2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (446 aa)
PHO4Phosphate system positive regulatory protein PHO4; Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor of the myc-family; activates transcription cooperatively with Pho2p in response to phosphate limitation; binding to 'CACGTG' motif is regulated by chromatin restriction, competitive binding of Cbf1p to the same DNA binding motif and cooperation with Pho2p; function is regulated by phosphorylation at multiple sites and by phosphate availability. (312 aa)
OLE1Acyl-CoA desaturase 1; Delta(9) fatty acid desaturase; required for monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis and for normal distribution of mitochondria. (510 aa)
SNF4Activating gamma subunit of the AMP-activated Snf1p kinase complex; additional subunits of the complex are Snf1p and a Sip1p/Sip2p/Gal83p family member; activates glucose-repressed genes, represses glucose-induced genes; role in sporulation, and peroxisome biogenesis; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (322 aa)
PCT1Cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase; a rate-determining enzyme of the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine synthesis, inhibited by Sec14p, activated upon lipid-binding; contains an element within the regulatory domain involved in both silencing and activation of enzymatic activity. (424 aa)
PHO81Phosphate system positive regulatory protein PHO81; Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor; regulates Pho80p-Pho85p and Pcl7p-Pho85p cyclin-CDK complexes in response to phosphate levels; inhibitory activity for Pho80p-Pho85p requires myo-D-inositol heptakisphosphate (IP7) generated by Vip1p; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress. (1178 aa)
SLM1Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-binding protein SLM1; Phosphoinositide PI4,5P(2) binding protein, forms a complex with Slm2p; acts downstream of Mss4p in a pathway regulating actin cytoskeleton organization in response to stress; TORC2 complex substrate and effector; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; SLM1 has a paralog, SLM2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (686 aa)
PBS2MAP kinase kinase of the HOG signaling pathway; activated under severe osmotic stress; mitophagy-specific regulator; plays a role in regulating Ty1 transposition; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily. (668 aa)
ELO1Elongation of fatty acids protein 1; Elongase I, medium-chain acyl elongase; catalyzes carboxy-terminal elongation of unsaturated C12-C16 fatty acyl-CoAs to C16-C18 fatty acids; ELO1 has a paralog, ELO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (310 aa)
TOR1Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR1; PIK-related protein kinase and rapamycin target; subunit of TORC1, a complex that controls growth in response to nutrients by regulating translation, transcription, ribosome biogenesis, nutrient transport and autophagy; involved in meiosis; TOR1 has a paralog, TOR2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (2470 aa)
URA8Minor CTP synthase isozyme (see also URA7); catalyzes the ATP-dependent transfer of the amide nitrogen from glutamine to UTP, forming CTP, the final step in de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; capable of forming cytoplasmic filaments termed cytoophidium, especially during conditions of glucose depletion; URA8 has a paralog, URA7, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (578 aa)
AUR1Inositol phosphorylceramide synthase catalytic subunit AUR1; Phosphatidylinositol:ceramide phosphoinositol transferase; required for sphingolipid synthesis; can mutate to confer aureobasidin A resistance; also known as IPC synthase. (401 aa)
ELM1Serine/threonine-protein kinase ELM1; Serine/threonine protein kinase; regulates the orientation checkpoint, the morphogenesis checkpoint and the metabolic switch from fermentative to oxidative metabolism by phosphorylating the activation loop of Kin4p, Hsl1p and Snf4p respectively; cooperates with Hsl7p in recruiting Hsl1p to the septin ring, a prerequisite for subsequent recruitment, phosphorylation, and degradation of Swe1p; forms part of the bud neck ring; regulates cytokinesis. (640 aa)
CTK1Catalytic (alpha) subunit of C-terminal domain kinase I (CTDK-I); phosphorylates both RNA pol II subunit Rpo21p to affect transcription and pre-mRNA 3' end processing, and ribosomal protein Rps2p to increase translational fidelity; required for H3K36 trimethylation but not dimethylation by Set2p; suggested stimulatory role in 80S formation during translation initiation; similar to the Drosophila dCDK12 and human CDK12 and probably CDK13; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. (528 aa)
CNB1Calcineurin B; regulatory subunit of calcineurin, a Ca++/calmodulin-regulated type 2B protein phosphatase which regulates Crz1p (stress-response transcription factor); other calcineurin subunit encoded by CNA1 and/or CMP1; regulates function of Aly1p alpha-arrestin; myristoylation by Nmt1p reduces calcineurin activity in response to submaximal Ca signals, is needed to prevent constitutive phosphatase activity; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (175 aa)
CKI1Choline kinase; catalyzes the first step in phosphatidylcholine synthesis via the CDP-choline (Kennedy pathway); exhibits some ethanolamine kinase activity contributing to phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis via the CDP-ethanolamine pathway; CKI1 has a paralog, EKI1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (582 aa)
VPS34Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase that synthesizes PI-3-phosphate; forms membrane-associated signal transduction complex with Vps15p to regulate protein sorting; activated by the GTP-bound form of Gpa1p; a fraction is localized, with Vps15p, to nuclear pores at nucleus-vacuole junctions and may facilitate transcription elongation for genes positioned at the nuclear periphery; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (875 aa)
ELO3Elongation of fatty acids protein 3; Elongase; involved in fatty acid and sphingolipid biosynthesis; synthesizes very long chain 20-26-carbon fatty acids from C18-CoA primers; involved in regulation of sphingolipid biosynthesis; lethality of the elo2 elo3 double null mutation is functionally complemented by human ELOVL1 and weakly complemented by human ELOVL3 or ELOV7; Belongs to the ELO family. (345 aa)
VIP1Inositol hexakisphosphate and inositol heptakisphosphate kinase; inositol heptakisphosphate (IP7) production is important for phosphate signaling; involved in cortical actin cytoskeleton function, and invasive pseudohyphal growth analogous to S. pombe asp1; inositol hexakisphosphate is also known as IP6; Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family. VIP1 subfamily. (1146 aa)
CNA1Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit A1; Calcineurin A; one isoform (the other is Cmp2p) of the catalytic subunit of calcineurin, a Ca++/calmodulin-regulated protein phosphatase which regulates Crz1p (a stress-response transcription factor), the other calcineurin subunit is CNB1; regulates the function of Aly1p alpha-arrestin; CNA1 has a paralog, CMP2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2B subfamily. (553 aa)
CMP2Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit A2; Calcineurin A; one isoform (the other is Cna1p) of the catalytic subunit of calcineurin, a Ca++/calmodulin-regulated protein phosphatase which regulates Crz1p (a stress-response transcription factor), the other calcineurin subunit is CNB1; regulates the function of Aly1p alpha-arrestin; CMP2 has a paralog, CNA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2B subfamily. (604 aa)
RIM11Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIM11/MSD1; Protein kinase; required for signal transduction during entry into meiosis; promotes the formation of the Ime1p-Ume6p complex by phosphorylating Ime1p and Ume6p; shares similarity with mammalian glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; RIM11 has a paralog, MRK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily. (370 aa)
FAA4Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 4; Long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase; activates fatty acids with a preference for C12:0-C16:0 chain lengths; role in the competitive import of long-chain fatty acids and sphingoid long-chain bases; role in stationary phase survival; localizes to lipid particles and the plasma membrane; role in sphingolipid-to-glycerolipid metabolism; forms cytoplasmic foci upon replication stress; faa1 faa4 double null complemented by any of human ACSBG1, ACSL1, 3, 4, 5, 6, SLC27A2, or 4; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (694 aa)
LCB1Component of serine palmitoyltransferase; responsible along with Lcb2p for the first committed step in sphingolipid synthesis, which is the condensation of serine with palmitoyl-CoA to form 3-ketosphinganine. (558 aa)
MCK1Protein kinase MCK1; Dual-specificity ser/thr and tyrosine protein kinase; roles in chromosome segregation, meiotic entry, genome stability, phosphorylation-dependent protein degradation (Rcn1p and Cdc6p), inhibition of protein kinase A, transcriptional regulation, inhibition of RNA pol III, calcium stress and inhibition of Clb2p-Cdc28p after nuclear division; MCK1 has a paralog, YGK3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (375 aa)
ACC1Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, biotin containing enzyme; catalyzes carboxylation of cytosolic acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA and regulates histone acetylation by regulating the availablity of acetyl-CoA; required for de novo biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids; ACC1 has a paralog, HFA1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (2233 aa)
FPK1Flippase kinase 1; Ser/Thr protein kinase; phosphorylates several aminophospholipid translocase family members, regulating phospholipid translocation and membrane asymmetry; phosphorylates and inhibits upstream inhibitory kinase, Ypk1p; localizes to the cytoplasm, early endosome/TGN compartments and thplasma membrane; localizes to the shmoo tip where it has a redundant role in the cellular response to mating pheromone; FPK1 has a paralog, KIN82, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (893 aa)
PHO80PHO85 cyclin PHO80; Cyclin; interacts with cyclin-dependent kinase Pho85p; regulates the response to nutrient levels and environmental conditions, including the response to phosphate limitation and stress-dependent calcium signaling; Belongs to the cyclin family. PHO80 subfamily. (293 aa)
CMK2Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; may play a role in stress response, many CA++/calmodulan dependent phosphorylation substrates demonstrated in vitro, amino acid sequence similar to mammalian Cam Kinase II; CMK2 has a paralog, CMK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (447 aa)
YGK3Glycogen synthase kinase-3 homolog YGK3; Protein kinase related to mammalian GSK-3 glycogen synthase kinases; GSK-3 homologs (Mck1p, Rim11p, Mrk1p, Ygk3p) are involved in control of Msn2p-dependent transcription of stress responsive genes and in protein degradation; YGK3 has a paralog, MCK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (375 aa)
PHO85Cyclin-dependent kinase; has ten cyclin partners; involved in regulating the cellular response to nutrient levels and environmental conditions and progression through the cell cycle; human lissencephaly-associated homolog CDK5 functionally complements null mutation; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. (305 aa)
SUR1Mannosylinositol phosphorylceramide (MIPC) synthase catalytic subunit; forms a complex with regulatory subunit Csg2p; function in sphingolipid biosynthesis is overlapping with that of Csh1p; SUR1 has a paralog, CSH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (382 aa)
PIS1CDP-diacylglycerol--inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase; Phosphatidylinositol synthase; required for biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol, which is a precursor for polyphosphoinositides, sphingolipids, and glycolipid anchors for some of the plasma membrane proteins; Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family. (220 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
NCBI taxonomy Id: 4932
Other names: ATCC 18824, Candida robusta, Mycoderma cerevisiae, NRRL Y-12632, S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces capensis, Saccharomyces italicus, Saccharomyces oviformis, Saccharomyces uvarum var. melibiosus, yeast
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