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BIM1 BIM1 MYO4 MYO4 CDC24 CDC24 IST2 IST2 SHE3 SHE3 CDC28 CDC28 BEM1 BEM1 BIK1 BIK1 BUD5 BUD5 PTC1 PTC1 SIR2 SIR2 VMA1 VMA1 SHS1 SHS1 YOS9 YOS9 FOB1 FOB1 SAC6 SAC6 NUM1 NUM1 SSD1 SSD1 SUR2 SUR2 SCS2 SCS2 PEA2 PEA2 SEC4 SEC4 ACT1 ACT1 PMA1 PMA1 SGF73 SGF73 YPT32 YPT32 CTT1 CTT1 NUP57 NUP57 RSR1 RSR1 MYO1 MYO1 GIC1 GIC1 CDC12 CDC12 NDT80 NDT80 MTG2 MTG2 TPM2 TPM2 BNR1 BNR1 NUP82 NUP82 BUD2 BUD2 SHE2 SHE2 ASH1 ASH1 SPA2 SPA2 HSP104 HSP104 MMR1 MMR1 CDC42 CDC42 BUD6 BUD6 TCB3 TCB3 EPO1 EPO1 TPM1 TPM1 TCB2 TCB2 BNI1 BNI1 MSB3 MSB3 CLA4 CLA4 YPT11 YPT11 MSB4 MSB4 MCA1 MCA1 ABP140 ABP140 MYO2 MYO2 KIP2 KIP2 KAR9 KAR9 DSS4 DSS4
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BIM1Protein BIM1; Microtubule plus end-tracking protein; together with Kar9p makes up the cortical microtubule capture site and delays the exit from mitosis when the spindle is oriented abnormally; homolog of human end binding protein 1 (EB1); Belongs to the MAPRE family. (344 aa)
MYO4Myosin-4; Type V myosin motor involved in actin-based transport of cargos; required for mRNA transport, including ASH1 mRNA, and facilitating the growth and movement of ER tubules into the growing bud along with She3p; MYO4 has a paralog, MYO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (1471 aa)
CDC24Cell division control protein 24; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Cdc42p; required for polarity establishment and maintenance, and mutants have morphological defects in bud formation and shmooing; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; thermosensitivity of the cdc24-4 mutant in the presence of sorbitol is functionally complemented by human CDC42. (854 aa)
IST2Increased sodium tolerance protein 2; Cortical ER protein involved in ER-plasma membrane tethering; one of 6 proteins (Ist2p, Scs2p, Scs22p, Tcb1p, Tcb2p, Tcb3p) that connect ER to the plasma membrane (PM) and regulate PM phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) levels by controlling access of Sac1p phosphatase to its substrate PI4P in the PM; localizes to the mother cell in small-budded cells and to the bud in medium- and large-budded cells; mRNA is transported to the bud tip by an actomyosin-driven process. (946 aa)
SHE3SWI5-dependent HO expression protein 3; Protein adaptor between Myo4p and the She2p-mRNA complex; part of the mRNA localization machinery that restricts accumulation of certain proteins to the bud; also required for cortical ER inheritance. (425 aa)
CDC28Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) catalytic subunit; master regulator of mitotic and meiotic cell cycles; alternately associates with G1, S, G2/M phase cyclins, which provide substrate specificity; regulates metabolism, basal transcription, chromosome dynamics, growth and morphogenesis; transcript induction in osmostress involves antisense RNA; human homologs CDK1, CDK2, CDK3 can complement yeast conditional cdc28 mutants; human CDK1, CDK2 can complement yeast cdc28 null mutant. (298 aa)
BEM1Bud emergence protein 1; Protein containing SH3-domains; involved in establishing cell polarity and morphogenesis; functions as a scaffold protein for complexes that include Cdc24p, Ste5p, Ste20p, and Rsr1p. (551 aa)
BIK1Nuclear fusion protein BIK1; Microtubule-associated protein; component of the interface between microtubules and kinetochore, involved in sister chromatid separation; essential in polyploid cells but not in haploid or diploid cells; ortholog of mammalian CLIP-170. (440 aa)
BUD5Bud site selection protein 5; GTP/GDP exchange factor for Rsr1p (Bud1p); required for both axial and bipolar budding patterns; mutants exhibit random budding in all cell types. (642 aa)
PTC1Type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C); dephosphorylates Hog1p, inactivating osmosensing MAPK cascade; involved in Fus3p activation during pheromone response; deletion affects precursor tRNA splicing, mitochondrial inheritance, and sporulation. (281 aa)
SIR2Conserved NAD+ dependent histone deacetylase of the Sirtuin family; deacetylation targets are primarily nuclear proteins; required for telomere hypercluster formation in quiescent yeast cells; involved in regulation of lifespan; plays roles in silencing at HML, HMR, telomeres, and rDNA; negatively regulates initiation of DNA replication; functions as regulator of autophagy like mammalian homolog SIRT1, and also of mitophagy. (562 aa)
VMA1Subunit A of the V1 peripheral membrane domain of V-ATPase; protein precursor undergoes self-catalyzed splicing to yield the extein Tfp1p and the intein Vde (PI-SceI), which is a site-specific endonuclease; the V1 peripheral membrane domain of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) has eight subunits; involved in methionine restriction extension of chronological lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner; Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family. (1071 aa)
SHS1Seventh homolog of septin 1; Component of the septin ring that is required for cytokinesis; present at the ends of rod-like septin hetero-oligomers; C-terminal extension is important for recruitment of Bni5p to the mother-bud neck, which in turn is required for Myo1p recruitment and cytokinesis; undergoes sumoylation and phosphorylation during mitosis; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (551 aa)
YOS9Protein OS-9 homolog; ER quality-control lectin; integral subunit of the HRD ligase; participates in efficient ER retention of misfolded proteins by recognizing them and delivering them to Hrd1p; binds to glycans with terminal alpha-1,6 linked mannose on misfolded N-glycosylated proteins and participates in targeting proteins to ERAD; member of the OS-9 protein family. (542 aa)
FOB1Nucleolar protein that binds the rDNA replication fork barrier site; required for replication fork blocking, recombinational hotspot activity, condensin recruitment to replication fork barrier (RFB), and rDNA repeat segregation; related to retroviral integrases. (566 aa)
SAC6Fimbrin, actin-bundling protein; cooperates with Scp1p in organization and maintenance of the actin cytoskeleton; phosphorylated by Cdc28p/Clb2p in metaphase on T103, to regulate conformation, and modulate actin filament binding affinity and actin cable dynamics; relocalizes from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; human homologs PLS3 and LCP1 implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) can each complement yeast null mutant. (642 aa)
NUM1Protein required for nuclear migration; component of the mitochondria-ER-cortex-ancor (MECA); required for the association of mitochondria with the cell cortex and for accurate distribution of mitochondrial network; interacts with Mdm36p to link the ER and mitochondria at the cortex; localizes to the mother cell cortex and the bud tip; may mediate interactions of dynein and cytoplasmic microtubules with the cell cortex. (2748 aa)
SSD1Protein SSD1; Translational repressor with a role in polar growth and wall integrity; regulated by Cbk1p phosphorylation to effect bud-specific translational control and localization of specific mRNAs; interacts with TOR pathway components; contains a functional N-terminal nuclear localization sequence and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling appears to be critical to Ssd1p function; Belongs to the RNR ribonuclease family. (1250 aa)
SUR2Sphingolipid C4-hydroxylase SUR2; Sphinganine C4-hydroxylase; catalyses the conversion of sphinganine to phytosphingosine in sphingolipid biosyntheis; Belongs to the sterol desaturase family. (349 aa)
SCS2Integral ER membrane protein, regulates phospholipid metabolism; one of 6 proteins (Ist2p, Scs2p, Scs22p, Tcb1p, Tcb2p, Tcb3p) that connect ER to plasma membrane (PM) and regulate PI4P levels by controlling access of Sac1p phosphatase to substrate PI4P in the PM; interacts with FFAT motifs in Opi1p, Swh1p, Osh2p, and Osh3p; involved in telomeric silencing; VAP homolog; SCS2 has a paralog, SCS22, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family. (244 aa)
PEA2Protein PEA2; Coiled-coil 12S polarisome subunit; required for polarity establishment, apical bud growth, shmoo formation, filamentous differentiation; involved in Bni1p localization at sites of polarized growth, controlling polarized assembly of actin cables; role in apical growth affects diploid-specific bipolar bud site selection; retains Slt2p at bud tip to regulate ER inheritance; role in Ca2+ influx, cell fusion; S288C allele encoding Leu409 rather than Met linked with non-invasion. (420 aa)
SEC4Ras-related protein SEC4; Rab family GTPase; essential for vesicle-mediated exocytic secretion and autophagy; associates with the exocyst component Sec15p and may regulate polarized delivery of transport vesicles to the exocyst at the plasma membrane. (215 aa)
ACT1Actin; structural protein involved in cell polarization, endocytosis, and other cytoskeletal functions. (375 aa)
PMA1Plasma membrane P2-type H+-ATPase; pumps protons out of cell; major regulator of cytoplasmic pH and plasma membrane potential; long-lived protein asymmetrically distributed at plasma membrane between mother cells and buds; accumulates at high levels in mother cells during aging, buds emerge with very low levels of Pma1p, newborn cells have low levels of Pma1p; Hsp30p plays a role in Pma1p regulation; interactions with Std1p appear to propagate [GAR+]; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIIA subfamily. (918 aa)
SGF73SAGA-associated factor 73; Subunit of DUBm module of SAGA and SLIK; has roles in anchoring deubiquitination module (DUBm) into SAGA and SLIK complexes, maintaining organization and ubiquitin-binding conformation of Ubp8p, thereby contributing to overall DUBm activity; involved in preinitiation complex assembly at promoters; relocalizes to cytosol under hypoxia; human homolog ATXN7 implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia, and can complement yeast null mutant. (657 aa)
YPT32GTP-binding protein YPT32/YPT11; Rab family GTPase involved in the exocytic pathway; mediates intra-Golgi traffic or the budding of post-Golgi vesicles from the trans-Golgi; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; YPT32 has a paralog, YPT31, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (222 aa)
CTT1Cytosolic catalase T; has a role in protection from oxidative damage by hydrogen peroxide. (562 aa)
NUP57FG-nucleoporin component of central core of the nuclear pore complex; contributes directly to nucleocytoplasmic transport and maintenance of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) permeability barrier; found in stable complex with Nic96p and two other FG-nucleoproteins (Nsp1p and Nup49p). (541 aa)
RSR1Ras-related protein RSR1; GTP-binding protein of the Ras superfamily; required for bud site selection, morphological changes in response to mating pheromone, and efficient cell fusion; localized to the plasma membrane; significantly similar to mammalian Rap GTPases. (272 aa)
MYO1Myosin-1; Type II myosin heavy chain; required for wild-type cytokinesis and cell separation; localizes to the actomyosin ring; binds to myosin light chains Mlc1p and Mlc2p through its IQ1 and IQ2 motifs respectively. (1928 aa)
GIC1GTPase-interacting component 1; Protein involved in initiation of budding and cellular polarization; interacts with Cdc42p via the Cdc42/Rac-interactive binding (CRIB) domain; relocalizes from bud neck to nucleus upon DNA replication stress; GIC1 has a paralog, GIC2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (314 aa)
CDC12Cell division control protein 12; Component of the septin ring that is required for cytokinesis; septins are GTP-binding proteins that assemble into rod-like hetero-oligomers that can associate with other rods to form filaments; septin rings at the mother-bud neck act as scaffolds for recruiting cell division factors and as barriers to prevent diffusion of specific proteins between mother and daughter cells. (407 aa)
NDT80Meiosis-specific transcription factor; required for exit from pachytene and for full meiotic recombination; activates middle sporulation genes; competes with Sum1p for binding to promoters containing middle sporulation elements (MSE). (627 aa)
MTG2GTPase MTG2, mitochondrial; Putative GTPase; member of the Obg family; peripheral protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane that associates with the large ribosomal subunit; required for mitochondrial translation, possibly via a role in ribosome assembly; Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family. (518 aa)
TPM2Tropomyosin-2; Minor isoform of tropomyosin; binds to and stabilizes actin cables and filaments, which direct polarized cell growth and the distribution of several organelles; appears to have distinct and also overlapping functions with Tpm1p; TPM2 has a paralog, TPM1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (161 aa)
BNR1BNI1-related protein 1; Formin; nucleates the formation of linear actin filaments; involved in processes such as budding and mitotic spindle orientation which require the formation of polarized actin cables; activity is regulated by Hof1p and by the Bud14p-Kel1p-Kel2p complex; dephosphorylated and delocalized from the division site in a Glc7p/Ref2p-dependent manner; functionally redundant with BNI1. (1375 aa)
NUP82Linker nucleoporin component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC); also part of the NPC cytoplasmic filaments; contributes to nucleocytoplasmic transport and NPC biogenesis; forms stable associations with three FG-nucleoporins (Nsp1p, Nup159p, and Nup116p); relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (713 aa)
BUD2Inhibitory regulator protein BUD2/CLA2; GTPase activating factor for Rsr1p/Bud1p; plays a role in spindle position checkpoint distinct from its role in bud site selection; required for both axial and bipolar budding patterns; mutants exhibit random budding in all cell types; contains two PH-like domains. (1104 aa)
SHE2SWI5-dependent HO expression protein 2; RNA-binding protein that binds specific mRNAs and interacts with She3p; part of the mRNA localization machinery that restricts accumulation of certain proteins to the bud; binds to ER-derived membranes and targets mRNAs to cortical ER. (246 aa)
ASH1Transcriptional regulatory protein ASH1; Component of the Rpd3L histone deacetylase complex; zinc-finger inhibitor of HO transcription; mRNA is localized and translated in the distal tip of anaphase cells, resulting in accumulation of Ash1p in daughter cell nuclei and inhibition of HO expression; potential Cdc28p substrate. (588 aa)
SPA2Protein SPA2; Component of the polarisome; functions in actin cytoskeletal organization during polarized growth; acts as a scaffold for Mkk1p and Mpk1p cell wall integrity signaling components; potential Cdc28p substrate; coding sequence contains length polymorphisms in different strains; SPA2 has a paralog, SPH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (1466 aa)
HSP104Disaggregase; heat shock protein that cooperates with Ydj1p (Hsp40) and Ssa1p (Hsp70) to refold and reactivate previously denatured, aggregated proteins; responsive to stresses including: heat, ethanol, and sodium arsenite; involved in [PSI+] propagation; protein becomes more abundant and forms cytoplasmic foci in response to DNA replication stress; potentiated Hsp104p variants decrease TDP-43 proteotoxicity by eliminating its cytoplasmic aggregation; Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family. (908 aa)
MMR1Mitochondrial MYO2 receptor-related protein 1; Phosphorylated protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane; localizes only to mitochondria of the bud; interacts with Myo2p to mediate mitochondrial distribution to buds; mRNA is targeted to the bud via the transport system involving She2p. (491 aa)
CDC42Cell division control protein 42; Small rho-like GTPase; essential for establishment and maintenance of cell polarity; plays a role late in cell fusion via activation of key cell fusion regulator Fus2p; mutants have defects in the organization of actin and septins; human homolog CDC42 can complement yeast cdc42 mutant. (191 aa)
BUD6Bud site selection protein 6; Actin- and formin-interacting protein; participates in actin cable assembly and organization as a nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) for formins Bni1p and Bnr1p; a triple helical coiled-coil domain in the C-terminal region interacts with Bni1p; involved in polarized cell growth; isolated as bipolar budding mutant; potential Cdc28p substrate. (788 aa)
TCB3Tricalbin-3; Cortical ER protein involved in ER-plasma membrane tethering; one of 6 proteins (Ist2p, Scs2p, Scs22p, Tcb1p, Tcb2p, Tcb3p) that connect ER to the plasma membrane (PM) and regulate PM phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) levels by controlling access of Sac1p phosphatase to its substrate PI4P in the PM; localized to the bud via specific mRNA transport; non-tagged protein detected in a phosphorylated state in mitochondria; C-termini of Tcb1p, Tcb2p and Tcb3p interact; Belongs to the tricalbin family. (1545 aa)
EPO1Uncharacterized protein YMR124W; Protein involved in septin-ER tethering; interacts with ER membrane protein, Scs2p, and Shs1p, a septin ring component, at bud neck to create ER diffusion barrier; GFP-fusion protein localizes to the cell periphery, cytoplasm, bud, and bud neck; interacts with Crm1p in two-hybrid assay; YMR124W has a paralog, YLR031W, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (943 aa)
TPM1Tropomyosin-1; Major isoform of tropomyosin; binds to and stabilizes actin cables and filaments, which direct polarized cell growth and the distribution of several organelles; acetylated by the NatB complex and acetylated form binds actin most efficiently; TPM1 has a paralog, TPM2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (199 aa)
TCB2Tricalbin-2; ER protein involved in ER-plasma membrane tethering; one of 6 proteins (Ist2p, Scs2p, Scs22p, Tcb1p, Tcb2p, Tcb3p) that connect ER to plasma membrane (PM) and regulate PM phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) levels by controlling access of Sac1p phosphatase to its substrate PI4P in the PM; contains 3 calcium and lipid binding domains; mRNA is targeted to bud; TCB2 has a paralog, TCB1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (1178 aa)
BNI1Protein BNI1; Formin; polarisome component; nucleates the formation of linear actin filaments, involved in cell processes such as budding and mitotic spindle orientation which require the formation of polarized actin cables; recruited to the division site in a Glc7p/Ref2p dependent manner following release of Bnr1p; functionally redundant with BNR1. (1953 aa)
MSB3Rab GTPase-activating protein; regulates endocytosis via inactivation of Vps21p at endosomes and vacuole fusion via inactivation of Ypt7p at vacuoles; also acts on Ypt52p and Sec4p; localizes to plasma membrane, sites of polarized growth; relocalizes from bud neck to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; similar to TBC-domain Tre2 oncogene; MSB3 has a paralog, MSB4, that arose from the whole genome duplication; human homolog USP6NL can complement yeast msb3 msb4 double null. (633 aa)
CLA4Serine/threonine-protein kinase CLA4; Cdc42p-activated signal transducing kinase; member of the PAK (p21-activated kinase) family, along with Ste20p and Skm1p; involved in septin ring assembly, vacuole inheritance, cytokinesis, sterol uptake regulation; phosphorylates Cdc3p and Cdc10p; CLA4 has a paralog, SKM1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (842 aa)
YPT11GTP-binding protein YPT11; Rab GTPase; Myo2p-binding protein implicated in mother-to-bud transport of cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER), late Golgi, and mitochondria during cell division; function is regulated at multiple levels; abundance of active Ypt11p forms is controlled by phosphorylation status and degradation; normally a low-abundance protein whose ER localization is only detected when protein is highly over expressed. (417 aa)
MSB4GTPase-activating protein of the Ras superfamily; acts primarily on Sec4p, localizes to the bud site and bud tip; msb3 msb4 double mutation causes defects in secretion and actin organization; similar to the TBC-domain Tre2 oncogene; MSB4 has a paralog, MSB3, that arose from the whole genome duplication; human homolog USP6NL can complement yeast msb3 msb4 double null mutant. (492 aa)
MCA1Metacaspase-1; Ca2+-dependent cysteine protease; may cleave specific substrates during the stress response; regulates apoptosis upon H2O2 treatment; required for clearance of insoluble protein aggregates during normal growth; implicated in cell cycle dynamics and lifespan extension; undergoes autocatalytic processing; similar to mammalian metacaspases, but exists as a monomer due to an extra pair of anti-parallel beta-strands that block potential dimerization; Belongs to the peptidase C14B family. (432 aa)
ABP140tRNA(Thr) (cytosine(32)-N(3))-methyltransferase; AdoMet-dependent tRNA methyltransferase and actin binding protein; C-terminal domain is responsible for 3-methylcytidine modification of residue 32 of the tRNA anticodon loop of tRNA-Thr and tRNA-Ser and contains an S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) binding motif; N-terminal actin binding sequence interacts with actin filaments and localizes to actin patches and cables; N- and C-terminal domains are encoded in separate ORFs that are translated into one protein via a +1 frameshift. (628 aa)
MYO2Myosin-2; Type V myosin motor involved in actin-based transport of cargos; required for the polarized delivery of secretory vesicles, the vacuole, late Golgi elements, peroxisomes, and the mitotic spindle; MYO2 has a paralog, MYO4, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family. (1574 aa)
KIP2Kinesin-like protein KIP2; Kinesin-related motor protein involved in mitotic spindle positioning; stabilizes microtubules by targeting Bik1p to the plus end; functions as a microtubule polymerase and catastrophe inhibitor in vitro; Kip2p levels are controlled during the cell cycle. (706 aa)
KAR9Karyogamy protein KAR9; Spindle positioning factor; orients astral microtubules, connecting them to actin cables at the cortex with Bim1p and Myo2, resulting in proper spindle positioning; targeted for StuBL-dependent degradation at kinetochores by Slx5p-Slx8p, ensuring chromosome transmission fidelity and correct spindle positioning; role in karyogamy; localizes to the shmoo tip, the growing bud-tip, the nucleus, the kinetochore, the spindle and microtubules; homolog of adenomatous polyposis coli. (644 aa)
DSS4Protein DSS4; Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Sec4p; functions in the post-Golgi secretory pathway; binds zinc, found both on membranes and in the cytosol; Belongs to the DSS4/MSS4 family. (143 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
NCBI taxonomy Id: 4932
Other names: ATCC 18824, Candida robusta, Mycoderma cerevisiae, NRRL Y-12632, S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces capensis, Saccharomyces italicus, Saccharomyces oviformis, Saccharomyces uvarum var. melibiosus, yeast
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