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ETR1 ETR1 TKL2 TKL2 GPX2 GPX2 UFD2 UFD2 FMP16 FMP16 ARO80 ARO80 DLD3 DLD3 ALD5 ALD5 RPO41 RPO41 OLE1 OLE1 MRM2 MRM2 CTT1 CTT1 TDH3 TDH3 MSH1 MSH1 HYR1 HYR1 GTT1 GTT1 TDH1 TDH1 TDH2 TDH2 TES1 TES1 GPX1 GPX1 APN1 APN1 PIR1 PIR1 FAT3 FAT3 PXA2 PXA2 AHP1 AHP1 PUT1 PUT1 CHS5 CHS5 PUN1 PUN1 MSC1 MSC1 ALD3 ALD3 ALD2 ALD2 ADH6 ADH6 MKS1 MKS1 YNL195C YNL195C YNL208W YNL208W ZWF1 ZWF1 ADH1 ADH1 MGM1 MGM1 HES1 HES1 PDR10 PDR10 FDH1 FDH1 FLC1 FLC1 TKL1 TKL1 SGE1 SGE1
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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experimentally determined
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gene neighborhood
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ETR1Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, mitochondrial; 2-enoyl thioester reductase; member of the medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family; localized to mitochondria, where it has a probable role in fatty acid synthesis; human MECR functionally complements the respiratory growth defect of the null mutant. (380 aa)
TKL2Transketolase; catalyzes conversion of xylulose-5-phosphate and ribose-5-phosphate to sedoheptulose-7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the pentose phosphate pathway; needed for synthesis of aromatic amino acids; TKL2 has a paralog, TKL1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (681 aa)
GPX2Glutathione peroxidase-like peroxiredoxin 2; Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase; protects cells from phospholipid hydroperoxides and nonphospholipid peroxides during oxidative stress; induced by glucose starvation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (162 aa)
UFD2E4 ubiquitin-protein ligase UFD2; Ubiquitin chain assembly factor (E4); cooperates with a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and a ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) to conjugate ubiquitin to substrates; also functions as an E3. (961 aa)
FMP16Protein FMP16, mitochondrial; Protein of unknown function; may be involved in responding to conditions of stress; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in highly purified mitochondria in high-throughput studies; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (93 aa)
ARO80Zinc finger transcriptional activator of the Zn2Cys6 family; activates transcription of aromatic amino acid catabolic genes in the presence of aromatic amino acids. (950 aa)
DLD3D-2-hydroxyglutarate--pyruvate transhydrogenase DLD3; 2-hydroxyglutarate transhydrogenase, and minor D-lactate dehydrogenase; converts D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), an oncometabolite, to alpha-ketoglutarate in the presence of FAD, with concomitant reduction of pyruvate to D-lactate; minor lactate dehydrogenase activity; component of the retrograde regulon that consists of genes whose expression are stimulated by damage to mitochondria and reduced in cells grown with glutamate as the sole nitrogen source; located in the cytoplasm. (496 aa)
ALD5Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase; involved in regulation or biosynthesis of electron transport chain components and acetate formation; activated by K+; utilizes NADP+ as the preferred coenzyme; constitutively expressed. (520 aa)
RPO41Mitochondrial RNA polymerase; single subunit enzyme similar to those of T3 and T7 bacteriophages; requires a specificity subunit encoded by MTF1 for promoter recognition; Mtf1p interacts with and stabilizes the Rpo41p-promoter complex, enhancing DNA bending and melting to facilitate pre-initiation open complex formation; Rpo41p also synthesizes RNA primers for mitochondrial DNA replication. (1351 aa)
OLE1Acyl-CoA desaturase 1; Delta(9) fatty acid desaturase; required for monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis and for normal distribution of mitochondria. (510 aa)
MRM2Mitochondrial 2' O-ribose methyltransferase; required for methylation of U(2791) in 21S rRNA; MRM2 deletion confers thermosensitive respiration and loss of mitochondrial DNA; has similarity to Spb1p and Trm7p, and to E. coli FtsJ/RrmJ; Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. (320 aa)
CTT1Cytosolic catalase T; has a role in protection from oxidative damage by hydrogen peroxide. (562 aa)
TDH3Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 3; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes the reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in the cytoplasm and cell wall; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides secreted by S. cerevisiae are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bacteria; binds AU-rich RNA. (332 aa)
MSH1DNA-binding protein of the mitochondria; involved in repair of mitochondrial DNA; has ATPase activity and binds to DNA mismatches; has homology to E. coli MutS; transcription is induced during meiosis. (959 aa)
HYR1Glutathione peroxidase-like peroxiredoxin HYR1; Thiol peroxidase; functions as a hydroperoxide receptor to sense intracellular hydroperoxide levels and transduce a redox signal to the Yap1p transcription factor; HYR1 has a paralog, GPX1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (163 aa)
GTT1ER associated glutathione S-transferase; capable of homodimerization; glutathione transferase for Yvc1p vacuolar cation channel; expression induced during the diauxic shift and throughout stationary phase; functional overlap with Gtt2p, Grx1p, and Grx2p. (234 aa)
TDH1Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 1; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes the reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in the cytoplasm and cell wall; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides secreted by S. cerevisiae are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bateria. (332 aa)
TDH2Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 2; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in cytoplasm and cell wall; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bateria; TDH2 has a paralog, TDH3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (332 aa)
TES1Peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterase; likely to be involved in fatty acid oxidation rather than fatty acid synthesis; conserved protein also found in human peroxisomes; TES1 mRNA levels increase during growth on fatty acids; Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family. (349 aa)
GPX1Glutathione peroxidase-like peroxiredoxin 1; Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase; induced by glucose starvation that protects cells from phospholipid hydroperoxides and nonphospholipid peroxides during oxidative stress; GPX1 has a paralog, HYR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (167 aa)
APN1DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase 1; Major apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease; 3'-repair diesterase; involved in repair of DNA damage by oxidation and alkylating agents; also functions as a 3'-5' exonuclease to repair 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine; genetically interacts with NTG1 to maintain mitochondrial genome integrity; Belongs to the AP endonuclease 2 family. (367 aa)
PIR1O-glycosylated protein required for cell wall stability; attached to the cell wall via beta-1,3-glucan; mediates mitochondrial translocation of Apn1p; expression regulated by the cell integrity pathway and by Swi5p during the cell cycle; PIR1 has a paralog, YJL160C, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (341 aa)
FAT3Uncharacterized protein YKL187C; Protein required for fatty acid uptake; protein abundance increases in cortical patches in response to oleate exposure; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in a phosphorylated state in highly purified mitochondria in high-throughput studies; FAT3 has a paralog, YLR413W, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (750 aa)
PXA2Peroxisomal long-chain fatty acid import protein 1; Subunit of heterodimeric peroxisomal ABC transport complex, with Pxa1p; required for import of long-chain fatty acids into peroxisomes; similar to human adrenoleukodystrophy transportesr ABCD1 and ABCD2, and ALD-related proteins; mutations in ABCD1 cause X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), a peroxisomal disorder; human ABCD1 and ABCD2 can each partially complement yeast pxa1 pxa2 double null mutant; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCD family. Peroxisomal fatty acyl CoA transporter (TC 3.A.1.203) subfamily. (853 aa)
AHP1Thiol-specific peroxiredoxin; reduces hydroperoxides to protect against oxidative damage; function in vivo requires covalent conjugation to Urm1p; Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily. (176 aa)
PUT1Proline oxidase; nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein involved in utilization of proline as sole nitrogen source; PUT1 transcription is induced by Put3p in the presence of proline and the absence of a preferred nitrogen source. (476 aa)
CHS5Chitin biosynthesis protein CHS5; Component of the exomer complex; the exomer which also contains Csh6p, Bch1p, Bch2p, and Bud7, is involved in the export of select proteins, such as chitin synthase Chs3p, from the Golgi to the plasma membrane; interacts selectively with the activated, GTP-bound form of Arf1p; Chs5p is the only protein with a BRCT domain that is not localized to the nucleus. (671 aa)
PUN1Plasma membrane protein with a role in cell wall integrity; co-localizes with Sur7p in punctate membrane patches; null mutant displays decreased thermotolerance; transcription induced upon cell wall damage and metal ion stress. (263 aa)
MSC1Protein of unknown function; mutant is defective in directing meiotic recombination events to homologous chromatids; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in highly purified mitochondria and is phosphorylated. (513 aa)
ALD3Cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase; involved in beta-alanine synthesis; uses NAD+ as the preferred coenzyme; very similar to Ald2p; expression is induced by stress and repressed by glucose. (506 aa)
ALD2Cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase; involved in ethanol oxidation and beta-alanine biosynthesis; uses NAD+ as the preferred coenzyme; expression is stress induced and glucose repressed; very similar to Ald3p. (506 aa)
ADH6NADPH-dependent medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase; has broad substrate specificity; member of the cinnamyl family of alcohol dehydrogenases; may be involved in fusel alcohol synthesis or in aldehyde tolerance; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (360 aa)
MKS1Pleiotropic negative transcriptional regulator; involved in Ras-CAMP and lysine biosynthetic pathways and nitrogen regulation; involved in retrograde (RTG) mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling. (584 aa)
YNL195CUncharacterized protein YNL195C; Protein of unknown function; shares a promoter with YNL194C; the authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in highly purified mitochondria in high-throughput studies; YNL195C has a paralog, HBT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (261 aa)
YNL208WUncharacterized protein YNL208W; Protein of unknown function; may interact with ribosomes, based on co-purification experiments; authentic, non-tagged protein is detected in purified mitochondria in high-throughput studies; potential orthologs found in other fungi. (199 aa)
ZWF1Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); catalyzes the first step of the pentose phosphate pathway; involved in adapting to oxidative stress; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; homolog of human G6PD which is deficient in patients with hemolytic anemia; human G6PD can complement yeast zwf1 null mutant. (505 aa)
ADH1Alcohol dehydrogenase; fermentative isozyme active as homo- or heterotetramers; required for the reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol, the last step in the glycolytic pathway; ADH1 has a paralog, ADH5, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (348 aa)
MGM1Mitochondrial GTPase, present in complex with Ugo1p and Fzo1p; required for mitochondrial morphology, fusion, and genome maintenance; promotes membrane bending; exists as long and short form with different distributions; ratio of long to short forms is regulated by Psd1p; homolog of human OPA1 involved in autosomal dominant optic atrophy. (881 aa)
HES1Protein implicated in the regulation of ergosterol biosynthesis; one of a seven member gene family with a common essential function and non-essential unique functions; similar to human oxysterol binding protein (OSBP); SWAT-GFP and mCherry fusion proteins localize to the bud neck and vacuolar membrane; HES1 has a paralog, KES1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (434 aa)
PDR10ATP-dependent permease PDR10; ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; multidrug transporter involved in the pleiotropic drug resistance network; regulated by Pdr1p and Pdr3p; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. PDR (TC 3.A.1.205) subfamily. (1564 aa)
FDH1NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase; may protect cells from exogenous formate; Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. FDH subfamily. (376 aa)
FLC1Flavin carrier protein 1; Flavin adenine dinucleotide transporter; required for uptake of FAD into endoplasmic reticulum; involved in cell wall maintenance; FLC1 has a paralog, FLC3, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family. (793 aa)
TKL1Transketolase; catalyzes conversion of xylulose-5-phosphate and ribose-5-phosphate to sedoheptulose-7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the pentose phosphate pathway; needed for synthesis of aromatic amino acids; TKL1 has a paralog, TKL2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (680 aa)
SGE1Protein SGE1; Plasma membrane multidrug transporter; member of the major facilitator superfamily; acts as an extrusion permease; partial multicopy suppressor of gal11 mutations. (543 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
NCBI taxonomy Id: 4932
Other names: ATCC 18824, Candida robusta, Mycoderma cerevisiae, NRRL Y-12632, S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces capensis, Saccharomyces italicus, Saccharomyces oviformis, Saccharomyces uvarum var. melibiosus, yeast
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