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LYS2 | Alpha aminoadipate reductase; catalyzes the reduction of alpha-aminoadipate to alpha-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde, which is the fifth step in biosynthesis of lysine; activation requires posttranslational phosphopantetheinylation by Lys5p; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (1392 aa) | ||||
SCEI | I-SceI DNA endonuclease; encoded by the mitochondrial group I intron of the 21S_rRNA gene; mediates gene conversion that propagates the intron into intron-less copies of the 21S_rRNA gene. (235 aa) | ||||
MMS4 | Subunit of structure-specific Mms4p-Mus81p endonuclease; cleaves branched DNA; involved in recombination, DNA repair, and joint molecule formation/resolution during meiotic recombination; phosphorylation of the non-catalytic subunit Mms4p by Cdc28p and Cdc5p during mitotic cell cycle activates the function of Mms4p-Mus81p. (691 aa) | ||||
GPX2 | Glutathione peroxidase-like peroxiredoxin 2; Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase; protects cells from phospholipid hydroperoxides and nonphospholipid peroxides during oxidative stress; induced by glucose starvation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (162 aa) | ||||
LEU2 | Beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IMDH); catalyzes the third step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway; can additionally catalyze the conversion of beta-ethylmalate into alpha-ketovalerate; Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family. (364 aa) | ||||
TRP1 | Phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase; catalyzes the third step in tryptophan biosynthesis; in 2004, the sequence of TRP1 from strain S228C was updated by changing the previously annotated internal STOP (TAA) to serine (TCA); enhances vegetative growth at low and high temperatures when used as an auxotrophic marker in strains such as W303. (224 aa) | ||||
MUS81 | Subunit of structure-specific Mms4p-Mus81p endonuclease; cleaves branched DNA; involved in DNA repair, replication fork stability, and joint molecule formation/resolution during meiotic recombination; promotes template switching during break-induced replication (BIR), causing non-reciprocal translocations (NRTs); helix-hairpin-helix protein; phosphorylation of non-catalytic subunit Mms4p by Cdc28p and Cdcp during mitotic cell cycle activates function of Mms4p-Mus81p; Belongs to the XPF family. (632 aa) | ||||
URA3 | Orotidine-5'-phosphate (OMP) decarboxylase; catalyzes the sixth enzymatic step in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines, converting OMP into uridine monophosphate (UMP); converts 5-FOA into 5-fluorouracil, a toxic compound. (267 aa) | ||||
CAN1 | Plasma membrane arginine permease; requires phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) for localization, exclusively associated with lipid rafts; mutation confers canavanine resistance; CAN1 has a paralog, ALP1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (590 aa) | ||||
YEN1 | Holliday junction resolvase; promotes template switching during break-induced replication (BIR), causing non-reciprocal translocations (NRTs); localization is cell-cycle dependent and regulated by Cdc28p phosphorylation; homolog of human GEN1; similar to S. cerevisiae endonuclease Rth1p. (759 aa) | ||||
SPO11 | Meiosis-specific protein that initiates meiotic recombination; initiates meiotic recombination by catalyzing the formation of double-strand breaks in DNA via a transesterification reaction; required for homologous chromosome pairing and synaptonemal complex formation; Belongs to the TOP6A family. (398 aa) | ||||
HYR1 | Glutathione peroxidase-like peroxiredoxin HYR1; Thiol peroxidase; functions as a hydroperoxide receptor to sense intracellular hydroperoxide levels and transduce a redox signal to the Yap1p transcription factor; HYR1 has a paralog, GPX1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (163 aa) | ||||
POL32 | Third subunit of DNA polymerase delta; involved in chromosomal DNA replication; required for error-prone DNA synthesis in the presence of DNA damage and processivity; forms a complex with Rev3p, Rev7p and Pol31p; interacts with Hys2p, PCNA (Pol30p), and Pol1p. (350 aa) | ||||
GPX1 | Glutathione peroxidase-like peroxiredoxin 1; Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase; induced by glucose starvation that protects cells from phospholipid hydroperoxides and nonphospholipid peroxides during oxidative stress; GPX1 has a paralog, HYR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (167 aa) | ||||
RAD5 | DNA repair protein RAD5; DNA helicase/Ubiquitin ligase; involved in error-free DNA damage tolerance (DDT), replication fork regression during postreplication repair by template switching, error-prone translesion synthesis; promotes synthesis of free and PCNA-bound polyubiquitin chains by Ubc13p-Mms2p; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress; associates with native telomeres, cooperates with homologous recombination in senescent cells; human homolog HLTF can complement yeast null mutant. (1169 aa) | ||||
TSA1 | Peroxiredoxin TSA1; Thioredoxin peroxidase; acts as both ribosome-associated and free cytoplasmic antioxidant; self-associates to form high-molecular weight chaperone complex under oxidative stress; chaperone activity essential for growth in zinc deficiency; required for telomere length maintenance; binds and modulates Cdc19p activity; protein abundance increases, forms cytoplasmic foci during DNA replication stress; TSA1 has a paralog, TSA2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. AhpC/Prx1 subfamily. (196 aa) | ||||
RAD52 | DNA repair and recombination protein RAD52; Protein that stimulates strand exchange; stimulates strand exchange by facilitating Rad51p binding to single-stranded DNA; anneals complementary single-stranded DNA; involved in the repair of double-strand breaks in DNA during vegetative growth and meiosis and UV induced sister chromatid recombination; Belongs to the RAD52 family. (471 aa) | ||||
RAD10 | DNA repair protein RAD10; Single-stranded DNA endonuclease (with Rad1p); cleaves single-stranded DNA during nucleotide excision repair and double-strand break repair; subunit of Nucleotide Excision Repair Factor 1 (NEF1); homolog of human ERCC1 protein; Belongs to the ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family. (210 aa) | ||||
MLH1 | Protein required for mismatch repair in mitosis and meiosis; also required for crossing over during meiosis; forms a complex with Pms1p and Msh2p-Msh3p during mismatch repair; human homolog is associated with hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer; Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutL/HexB family. (769 aa) | ||||
ADE2 | Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase; catalyzes a step in the 'de novo' purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway; red pigment accumulates in mutant cells deprived of adenine. (571 aa) | ||||
HIS3 | Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase; catalyzes the sixth step in histidine biosynthesis; mutations cause histidine auxotrophy and sensitivity to Cu, Co, and Ni salts; transcription is regulated by general amino acid control via Gcn4p. (220 aa) | ||||
RAD1 | Single-stranded DNA endonuclease (with Rad10p); cleaves single-stranded DNA during nucleotide excision repair and double-strand break repair; subunit of Nucleotide Excision Repair Factor 1 (NEF1); homolog of human XPF protein. (1100 aa) |