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RPN7 | Essential non-ATPase regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome; similar to another S. cerevisiae regulatory subunit, Rpn5p, as well as to mammalian proteasome subunits. (429 aa) | ||||
PDR3 | Transcription factor PDR3; Transcriptional activator of the pleiotropic drug resistance network; regulates expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters through binding to cis-acting PDRE sites (PDR responsive elements); has a role in response to drugs and organic solvents; post-translationally up-regulated in cells lacking functional mitochondrial genome; involved in diauxic shift; relative distribution to nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress; APCC(Cdh1) substrate. (976 aa) | ||||
ATG8 | Autophagy-related protein 8; Component of autophagosomes and Cvt vesicles; regulator of Atg1p, targets it to autophagosomes; binds the Atg1p-Atg13p complex, triggering its vacuolar degradation; unique ubiquitin-like protein whose conjugation target is lipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE); Atg8p-PE is anchored to membranes, is involved in phagophore expansion, and may mediate membrane fusion during autophagosome formation; deconjugation of Atg8p-PE is required for efficient autophagosome biogenesis. (117 aa) | ||||
HHT1 | Histone H3; core histone protein required for chromatin assembly, part of heterochromatin-mediated telomeric and HM silencing; one of two identical histone H3 proteins (see HHT2); regulated by acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation; H3K14 acetylation plays an important role in the unfolding of strongly positioned nucleosomes during repair of UV damage. (136 aa) | ||||
UMP1 | Chaperone required for correct maturation of the 20S proteasome; short-lived chaperone; may inhibit premature dimerization of proteasome half-mers; degraded by proteasome upon completion of its assembly. (148 aa) | ||||
ATG12 | Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12; Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in autophagy and the Cvt pathway; conserved; conjugated to Atg5p to form a complex involved in Atg8p lipidation; Atg5p-Atg12p conjugate enhances E2 activity of Atg3p by rearranging its catalytic site, also forms a complex with Atg16p; the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex binds to membranes and is essential for autophagosome formation. (186 aa) | ||||
HSM3 | DNA mismatch repair protein HSM3; Evolutionarily conserved 19S regulatory particle assembly-chaperone; involved in the assembly of the base subcomplex of the 19S proteasomal regulatory particle (RP); involved in DNA mismatch repair during slow growth; weak similarity to Msh1p; structural study suggests Hsm3p is a scaffold protein for Rpt1p-Rpt2p complex formation; ortholog of human 19S subunit S5b. (480 aa) | ||||
RNQ1 | [PIN(+)] prion; an infectious protein conformation that is generally an ordered protein aggregate. (405 aa) | ||||
ATG15 | Putative lipase ATG15; Phospholipase; preferentially hydrolyses phosphatidylserine, with minor activity against cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine; required for lysis of autophagic and CVT bodies; targeted to intravacuolar vesicles during autophagy via the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway; required for the maintenance of lipid droplet quantity after the diauxic shift; regulates lipolysis; expression regulated by Yap1p during autophagy; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (520 aa) | ||||
RPT2 | ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; required for normal peptide hydrolysis by the core 20S particle; N-myristoylation of Rpt2p at Gly2 is involved in regulating the proper intracellular distribution of proteasome activity by controlling the nuclear localization of the 26S proteasome. (437 aa) | ||||
RPN6 | Essential, non-ATPase regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome lid; required for the assembly and activity of the 26S proteasome; the human homolog (S9 protein) partially rescues Rpn6p depletion; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (434 aa) | ||||
TMA17 | Translation machinery-associated protein 17; ATPase dedicated chaperone that adapts proteasome assembly to stress; Tma17p is induced upon stress; interacts with Rpt6p to assist its pairing to Rpt3p and early steps in proteasome biogenesis; associates with ribosomes; heterozygous deletion demonstrated increases in chromosome instability in a rad9 deletion background; protein abundance is decreased upon intracellular iron depletion. (150 aa) | ||||
ATG20 | Autophagy-related protein 20; Sorting nexin family member; required for the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway and for endosomal sorting; has a Phox homology domain that binds phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; interacts with Snx4p; potential Cdc28p substrate. (640 aa) | ||||
CDC48 | Cell division control protein 48; AAA ATPase; subunit of polyUb-selective segregase complex involved in ERAD, INM-associated degradation (INMAD), mitotic spindle disassembly, macroautophagy, PMN, ribosome-associated degradation, ribophagy, homotypic ER membrane fusion, SCF complex disassembly, cell wall integrity during heat stress, and telomerase regulation; mobilizes membrane-anchored transcription factors by regulated Ub/proteasome-dependent processing (RUP); human ortholog VCP complements a cdc48 mutant. (835 aa) | ||||
RPN5 | Subunit of the CSN and 26S proteasome lid complexes; similar to mammalian p55 subunit and to another S. cerevisiae regulatory subunit, Rpn7p; Rpn5p is an essential protein; the COP9 signalosome is also known as the CSN. (445 aa) | ||||
ATG9 | Autophagy-related protein 9; Transmembrane protein involved in forming Cvt and autophagic vesicles; cycles between the phagophore assembly site (PAS) and other cytosolic punctate structures, not found in autophagosomes; may be involved in membrane delivery to the PAS; Belongs to the ATG9 family. (997 aa) | ||||
HSP42 | Small heat shock protein (sHSP) with chaperone activity; forms barrel-shaped oligomers that suppress unfolded protein aggregation; involved in cytoskeleton reorganization after heat shock; protein abundance increases and forms cytoplasmic foci in response to DNA replication stress. (375 aa) | ||||
RPT3 | ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; substrate of N-acetyltransferase B. (428 aa) | ||||
SNX41 | Sorting nexin; involved in the retrieval of late-Golgi SNAREs from the post-Golgi endosome to the trans-Golgi network; interacts with Snx4p. (625 aa) | ||||
RPN9 | Non-ATPase regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome; similar to putative proteasomal subunits in other species; null mutant is temperature sensitive and exhibits cell cycle and proteasome assembly defects; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (393 aa) | ||||
SNF1 | AMP-activated S/T protein kinase; forms a complex with Snf4p and members of the Sip1p/Sip2p/Gal83p family; required for transcription of glucose-repressed genes, thermotolerance, sporulation, and peroxisome biogenesis; regulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Hxk2p; regulates filamentous growth and acts as a non-canonical GEF, activating Arf3p during invasive growth; SUMOylation by Mms21p inhibits its function and targets Snf1p for destruction via the Slx5-Slx8 Ub ligase. (633 aa) | ||||
RAD23 | UV excision repair protein RAD23; Protein with ubiquitin-like N terminus; subunit of Nuclear Excision Repair Factor 2 (NEF2) with Rad4p that binds damaged DNA; enhances protein deglycosylation activity of Png1p; also involved, with Rad4p, in ubiquitylated protein turnover; Rad4p-Rad23p heterodimer binds to promoters of DNA damage response genes to repress their transcription in the absence of DNA damage. (398 aa) | ||||
RPN3 | Essential non-ATPase regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome lid; similar to the p58 subunit of the human 26S proteasome; temperature-sensitive alleles cause metaphase arrest, suggesting a role for the proteasome in cell cycle control. (523 aa) | ||||
MOT2 | General negative regulator of transcription subunit 4; Ubiquitin-protein ligase subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex; with Ubc4p, ubiquitinates nascent polypeptide-associated complex subunits and histone demethyase Jhd2p; CCR4-NOT has roles in transcription regulation, mRNA degradation, and post-transcriptional modifications; regulates levels of DNA Polymerase-{alpha} to promote efficient and accurate DNA replication. (587 aa) | ||||
UBP3 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 3; Ubiquitin-specific protease involved in transport and osmotic response; negatively regulates Ras/PKA signaling; interacts with Bre5p to coregulate anterograde, retrograde transport between ER and Golgi; involved in transcription elongation in response to osmostress through phosphorylation at Ser695 by Hog1p; inhibitor of gene silencing; role in ribophagy; cleaves ubiquitin fusions but not polyubiquitin; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (912 aa) | ||||
BLM10 | Proteasome activator; binds the core proteasome (CP) and stimulates proteasome-mediated protein degradation by inducing gate opening; required for sequestering CP into proteasome storage granule (PSG) during quiescent phase and for nuclear import of CP in proliferating cells; required for resistance to bleomycin, may be involved in protecting against oxidative damage; similar to mammalian PA200. (2143 aa) | ||||
RPN11 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase RPN11; Metalloprotease subunit of 19S regulatory particle; part of 26S proteasome lid; couples the deubiquitination and degradation of proteasome substrates; involved, independent of catalytic activity, in fission of mitochondria and peroxisomes; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (306 aa) | ||||
UBP6 | Ubiquitin-specific protease; situated in the base subcomplex of the 26S proteasome, releases free ubiquitin from branched polyubiquitin chains en bloc, rather than from the distal tip of the chain; negatively regulates degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by the proteasome; works in opposition to Hul5p polyubiquitin elongation activity; mutant has aneuploidy tolerance; human homolog UBP14 complements yeast null mutant. (499 aa) | ||||
RPN12 | Subunit of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome lid; synthetically lethal with RPT1, which is an ATPase component of the 19S regulatory particle; physically interacts with Nob1p and Rpn3p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (274 aa) | ||||
RPN14 | 26S proteasome regulatory subunit RPN14; Evolutionarily conserved 19S regulatory particle assembly-chaperone; proteasome-interacting protein involved in the assembly of the base subcomplex of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle (RP); null mutants accumulate ubiquitinated Gcn4p and display decreased 26S proteasome stability; interacts with Rpt5p. (417 aa) | ||||
PDR1 | Transcription factor that regulates the pleiotropic drug response; zinc cluster protein that is a master regulator involved in recruiting other zinc cluster proteins to pleiotropic drug response elements (PDREs) to fine tune the regulation of multidrug resistance genes; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; PDR1 has a paralog, PDR3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (1068 aa) | ||||
RPT6 | ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; bound by ubiquitin-protein ligases Ubr1p and Ufd4p; localized mainly to the nucleus throughout the cell cycle; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (405 aa) | ||||
RAD6 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2); involved in postreplication repair as a heterodimer with Rad18p, regulation of K63 polyubiquitination in response to oxidative stress, DSBR and checkpoint control as a heterodimer with Bre1p, ubiquitin-mediated N-end rule protein degradation as a heterodimer with Ubr1p, ERAD with Ubr1p in the absence of canonical ER membrane ligases, and Rpn4p turnover as part of proteasome homeostasis, in complex with Ubr2p and Mub1p. (172 aa) | ||||
ATG1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATG1; Protein serine/threonine kinase; required for vesicle formation in autophagy and the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway; structurally required for phagophore assembly site formation; during autophagy forms a complex with Atg13p and Atg17p; essential for cell cycle progression from G2/M to G1 under nitrogen starvation. (897 aa) | ||||
CRM1 | Exportin-1; Major karyopherin; involved in export of proteins, RNAs, and ribosomal subunits from the nucleus; exportin. (1084 aa) | ||||
NAS6 | Probable 26S proteasome regulatory subunit p28; Evolutionarily conserved 19S regulatory particle assembly-chaperone; proteasome-interacting protein involved in the assembly of the base subcomplex of the 19S proteasomal regulatory particle (RP); ortholog of human oncoprotein gankyrin, also known as p28, which interacts with the Rb tumor suppressor and CDK4/6. (228 aa) | ||||
PUP2 | Alpha 5 subunit of the 20S proteasome; involved in ubiquitin-dependent catabolism; human homolog is subunit zeta; Belongs to the peptidase T1A family. (260 aa) | ||||
ECM29 | Proteasome component ECM29; Scaffold protein; assists in association of the proteasome core particle with the regulatory particle; inhibits proteasomal ATPase activity; degraded by the mature proteasome after assembly; contains HEAT-like repeats; protein increases in abundance and relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasm upon DNA replication stress; Belongs to the ECM29 family. (1868 aa) | ||||
ATG7 | Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7; Autophagy-related protein and dual specificity member of the E1 family; mediates the attachment of Atg12p to Atg5p and Atg8p to phosphatidylethanolamine which are required steps in autophagosome formation; E1 enzymes are also known as ubiquitin-activating enzymes; involved in methionine restriction extension of chronological lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner; Belongs to the ATG7 family. (630 aa) | ||||
NVJ1 | Nucleus-vacuole junction protein 1; Nuclear envelope protein; anchored to the nuclear inner membrane, that interacts with the vacuolar membrane protein Vac8p to promote formation of nucleus-vacuole junctions during piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus (PMN). (321 aa) | ||||
RPN10 | Non-ATPase base subunit of the 19S RP of the 26S proteasome; N-terminus plays a role in maintaining the structural integrity of the regulatory particle (RP); binds selectively to polyubiquitin chains; homolog of the mammalian S5a protein. (268 aa) | ||||
SNX4 | Sorting nexin; involved in retrieval of late-Golgi SNAREs from post-Golgi endosomes to the trans-Golgi network and in cytoplasm to vacuole transport; contains a PX phosphoinositide-binding domain; forms complexes with Snx41p and with Atg20p. (423 aa) | ||||
TPK1 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; inhibited by regulatory subunit Bcy1p in the absence of cAMP; phosphorylates and inhibits Whi3p to promote G1/S phase passage; partially redundant with Tpk2p and Tpk3p; phosphorylates pre-Tom40p, which impairs its import into mitochondria under non-respiratory conditions; TPK1 has a paralog, TPK3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (397 aa) | ||||
TOR1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR1; PIK-related protein kinase and rapamycin target; subunit of TORC1, a complex that controls growth in response to nutrients by regulating translation, transcription, ribosome biogenesis, nutrient transport and autophagy; involved in meiosis; TOR1 has a paralog, TOR2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (2470 aa) | ||||
RPT1 | ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; required for optimal CDC20 transcription; interacts with Rpn12p and Ubr1p; mutant has aneuploidy tolerance. (467 aa) | ||||
TPK3 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; partially redundant with Tpk1p and Tpk2p; localizes to P-bodies during stationary phase; TPK3 has a paralog, TPK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (398 aa) | ||||
ADD66 | Protein involved in 20S proteasome assembly; forms a heterodimer with Pba1p that binds to proteasome precursors; interaction with Pba1p-Add66p may affect function of the mature proteasome and its role in maintaining respiratory metabolism; similar to human PAC2 constituent of the PAC1-PAC2 complex involved in proteasome assembly. (267 aa) | ||||
IRC25 | Proteasome chaperone 3; Component of a heterodimeric Poc4p-Irc25p chaperone; involved in assembly of alpha subunits into the 20S proteasome; may regulate formation of proteasome isoforms with alternative subunits under different conditions; upregulates proteasome assembly in response to the unfolded protein response activated by mistargeting of proteins (UPRam); Belongs to the PSMG3 family. (179 aa) | ||||
UBR2 | Cytoplasmic ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3); component of the Mub1p-Ubr2p-Rad6p ubiquitin ligase complex required for the ubiquitination and degradation of Rpn4p; mediates formation of the ternary complex. (1872 aa) | ||||
LAM6 | Membrane-anchored lipid-binding protein LAM6; Sterol transporter that transfers sterols between membranes; may regulate and coordinate formation of contact sites between organelles; localizes to ER-mitochondrial contact sites in a Tom70p- and Tom71p-dependent manner; mitochondrial localization requires GRAM domain; also localizes to ER-vacuole contact sites, in a Vac8p-dependent manner; has GRAM and StART-like (VASt) domains; one of six StART-like domain-containing proteins in yeast; conserved across eukaryotes; Belongs to the YSP2 family. (693 aa) | ||||
PBA1 | Proteasome chaperone 1; Protein involved in 20S proteasome assembly; forms a heterodimer with Add66p that binds to proteasome precursors; interaction with Pba1p-Add66p may affect function of the mature proteasome and its role in maintaining respiratory metabolism; similar to human PAC1 constituent of the PAC1-PAC2 complex involved in proteasome assembly; Belongs to the PSMG1 family. (276 aa) | ||||
ATG39 | Autophagy-related protein 39; Autophagy receptor with a role in degradation of the ER and nucleus; involved specifically in autophagy of perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum in response to nitrogen starvation or rapamycin treatment; localizes to the perinuclear ER. (398 aa) | ||||
KAP95 | Importin subunit beta-1; Karyopherin beta; forms a complex with Srp1p/Kap60p; interacts with nucleoporins to mediate nuclear import of NLS-containing cargo proteins via the nuclear pore complex; regulates PC biosynthesis; GDP-to-GTP exchange factor for Gsp1p. (861 aa) | ||||
RPN13 | Subunit of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome lid; acts as a ubiquitin receptor for the proteasome; null mutants accumulate ubiquitinated Gcn4p and display decreased 26S proteasome stability; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; Belongs to the RPN13 family. (156 aa) | ||||
ATG16 | Conserved protein involved in autophagy; interacts with Atg12p-Atg5p conjugates to form Atg12p-Atg5p-Atg16p multimers, which binds to membranes and localizes to the pre-autophagosomal structure and are required for autophagy; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress. (150 aa) | ||||
HSC82 | ATP-dependent molecular chaperone HSC82; Cytoplasmic chaperone of the Hsp90 family; plays a role in determining prion variants; redundant in function and nearly identical with Hsp82p, and together they are essential; expressed constitutively at 10-fold higher basal levels than HSP82 and induced 2-3 fold by heat shock; contains two acid-rich unstructured regions that promote the solubility of chaperone-substrate complexes; HSC82 has a paralog, HSP82, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (705 aa) | ||||
SPG5 | Stationary phase protein 5; Protein required for proteasome assembly during quiescence; binds to base of the proteasome regulartory particle; required for survival at high temperature during stationary phase; not required for growth on nonfermentable carbon sources. (373 aa) | ||||
DSK2 | Nuclear-enriched ubiquitin-like polyubiquitin-binding protein; required for spindle pole body (SPB) duplication and for transit through the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; involved in proteolysis; interacts with the proteasome; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (373 aa) | ||||
HHT2 | Histone H3; core histone protein required for chromatin assembly, part of heterochromatin-mediated telomeric and HM silencing; one of two identical histone H3 proteins (see HHT1); regulated by acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation; H3K14 acetylation plays an important role in the unfolding of strongly positioned nucleosomes during repair of UV damage. (136 aa) | ||||
SRP1 | Importin subunit alpha; Karyopherin alpha homolog; forms a dimer with karyopherin beta Kap95p to mediate import of nuclear proteins, binds the nuclear localization signal of the substrate during import; involved in cotranslational protein degradation; binds ribosome-bound nascent polypeptides; Srp1p and Sts1p couple proteasomes to nascent polypeptides emerging from the ribosome for cotranslational degradation. (542 aa) | ||||
ATG3 | Autophagy-related protein 3; E2-like enzyme; involved in autophagy and cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway; plays a role in formation of Atg8p-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates, which are involved in membrane dynamics during autophagy and Cvt; interaction with Atg8p regulated by acetylation by NuA4 histone acetyltransferase Esa1p while attenuation of Atg3 acetylation is mediated by histone deacetylase Rpd3p; Atg12p-Atg5p conjugate enhances E2 activity of Atg3p by rearranging its catalytic site. (310 aa) | ||||
BRE5 | UBP3-associated protein BRE5; Ubiquitin protease cofactor; forms deubiquitination complex with Ubp3p that coregulates anterograde and retrograde transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments; null is sensitive to brefeldin A. (515 aa) | ||||
MDM20 | Non-catalytic subunit of the NatB N-terminal acetyltransferase; NatB catalyzes N-acetylation of proteins with specific N-terminal sequences; involved in mitochondrial inheritance and actin assembly; Belongs to the MDM20/NAA25 family. (796 aa) | ||||
CUE5 | Ubiquitin-binding protein; functions as ubiquitin-Atg8p adaptor in ubiquitin-dependent autophagy; serves as proteaphagy receptor for inactivated 26S proteasomes; contains CUE domain that binds ubiquitin, which may facilitate intramolecular monoubiquitination; CUE5 has a paralog, DON1, that arose from the whole genome duplication; human TOLLIP is a functional CUE-domain homolog, can complement yeast null mutant, rescuing hypersensitivity of cue5 null mutant cells to Htt-96Q. (411 aa) | ||||
RPT5 | ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; recruited to the GAL1-10 promoter region upon induction of transcription; similar to human TBP1. (434 aa) | ||||
RPT4 | 26S proteasome subunit RPT4; ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the 26S proteasome; one of six ATPases of the regulatory particle; involved in degradation of ubiquitinated substrates; contributes preferentially to ERAD; required for spindle pole body duplication; mainly nuclear localization. (437 aa) | ||||
RPN8 | Essential non-ATPase regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome; has similarity to the human p40 proteasomal subunit and to another S. cerevisiae regulatory subunit, Rpn11p; Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. (338 aa) | ||||
PRE10 | Alpha 7 subunit of the 20S proteasome; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (288 aa) | ||||
PNG1 | Peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase; Conserved peptide N-glycanase; deglycosylating enzyme that cleaves N-glycans that are attached to misfolded ERAD substrate glycoproteins prior to proteasome-dependent degradation; localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus; activity is enhanced by interaction with Rad23p; human ortholog NGLY1 is associated with a syndrome characterized by developmental delays, epilepsy, absence of tears and liver disease; Belongs to the transglutaminase-like superfamily. PNGase family. (363 aa) | ||||
POC4 | Proteasome chaperone 4; Component of a heterodimeric Poc4p-Irc25p chaperone; involved in assembly of alpha subunits into the 20S proteasome; may regulate formation of proteasome isoforms with alternative subunits under different conditions; upregulates proteasome assembly in response to the unfolded protein response activated by mistargeting of proteins (UPRam). (148 aa) | ||||
ATG5 | Autophagy protein 5; Conserved protein involved in autophagy and the Cvt pathway; undergoes conjugation with Atg12p to form a complex involved in Atg8p lipidation; Atg5p-Atg12p conjugate enhances E2 activity of Atg3 by rearranging its catalytic site, also forms a complex with Atg16p; the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex binds to membranes and is essential for autophagosome formation; also involved in methionine restriction extension of chronological lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner. (294 aa) | ||||
PEP4 | Saccharopepsin; Vacuolar aspartyl protease (proteinase A); required for posttranslational precursor maturation of vacuolar proteinases; important for protein turnover after oxidative damage; plays a protective role in acetic acid induced apoptosis; synthesized as a zymogen, self-activates. (405 aa) | ||||
TPK2 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; partially redundant with Tpk1p and Tpk3p; localizes to P-bodies during stationary phase; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (380 aa) | ||||
HSP82 | ATP-dependent molecular chaperone HSP82; Hsp90 chaperone; redundant in function with Hsc82p; required for pheromone signaling, negative regulation of Hsf1p; docks with Tom70p for mitochondrial preprotein delivery; promotes telomerase DNA binding, nucleotide addition; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; contains two acid-rich unstructured regions that promote solubility of chaperone-substrate complexes; HSP82 has a paralog, HSC82, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (709 aa) |