Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme type IV; dimeric enzyme demonstrated to be zinc-dependent despite sequence similarity to iron-activated alcohol dehydrogenases; transcription is induced in response to zinc deficiency.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Pyruvate kinase; functions as a homotetramer in glycolysis to convert phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, the input for aerobic (TCA cycle) or anaerobic (glucose fermentation) respiration; regulated via allosteric activation by fructose bisphosphate; CDC19 has a paralog, PYK2, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Citrate synthase, mitochondrial; Citrate synthase; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl coenzyme A and oxaloacetate to form citrate; the rate-limiting enzyme of the TCA cycle; nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein; CIT1 has a paralog, CIT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Citrate synthase, peroxisomal isozyme involved in glyoxylate cycle; catalyzes condensation of acetyl coenzyme A and oxaloacetate to form citrate; expression is controlled by Rtg1p and Rtg2p transcription factors; SCF-Ucc1 regulates level of Cit2p to maintain citrate homeostasis; oxaloacetate-dependent positive feedback loop inhibits Cit2p ubiquitination; CIT2 has a paralog, CIT1, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Dual specificity mitochondrial citrate and methylcitrate synthase; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate and that of propionyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form 2-methylcitrate.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Enolase I, a phosphopyruvate hydratase; catalyzes conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate during glycolysis and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis; expression repressed in response to glucose; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; N-terminally propionylated in vivo; ENO1 has a paralog, ENO2, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Isocitrate lyase; catalyzes the formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key reaction of the glyoxylate cycle; expression of ICL1 is induced by growth on ethanol and repressed by growth on glucose.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Mitochondrial NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase; catalyzes the oxidation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate; not required for mitochondrial respiration and may function to divert alpha-ketoglutarate to biosynthetic processes.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Cytosolic NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase; catalyzes oxidation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate; levels are elevated during growth on non-fermentable carbon sources and reduced during growth on glucose; IDP2 has a paralog, IDP3, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Peroxisomal NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase; catalyzes oxidation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate with the formation of NADP(H+), required for growth on unsaturated fatty acids; IDP3 has a paralog, IDP2, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IMDH); catalyzes the third step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway; can additionally catalyze the conversion of beta-ethylmalate into alpha-ketovalerate; Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Pyruvate kinase; appears to be modulated by phosphorylation; transcription repressed by glucose, and Pyk2p may be active under low glycolytic flux; PYK2 has a paralog, CDC19, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), isozyme 2; involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; tetramer that catalyzes reaction of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bis-phosphoglycerate; detected in cytoplasm and cell wall; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; GAPDH-derived antimicrobial peptides are active against a wide variety of wine-related yeasts and bateria; TDH2 has a paralog, TDH3, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Triose phosphate isomerase, abundant glycolytic enzyme; mRNA half-life is regulated by iron availability; transcription is controlled by activators Reb1p, Gcr1p, and Rap1p through binding sites in the 5' non-coding region; inhibition of Tpi1p activity by PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) stimulates redox metabolism in respiring cells; E104D mutation in human homolog TPI1 causes a rare autosomal disease; human TPI1 can complement yeast null mutant.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); catalyzes the first step of the pentose phosphate pathway; involved in adapting to oxidative stress; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; homolog of human G6PD which is deficient in patients with hemolytic anemia; human G6PD can complement yeast zwf1 null mutant.

Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme type IV; dimeric enzyme demonstrated to be zinc-dependent despite sequence similarity to iron-activated alcohol dehydrogenases; transcription is induced in response to zinc deficiency.

Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Aconitase; required for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and also independently required for mitochondrial genome maintenance; component of the mitochondrial nucleoid; mutation leads to glutamate auxotrophy; human homolog ACO2 can complement yeast null mutant.

Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme type IV; dimeric enzyme demonstrated to be zinc-dependent despite sequence similarity to iron-activated alcohol dehydrogenases; transcription is induced in response to zinc deficiency.

NADPH-dependent medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase; has broad substrate specificity; member of the cinnamyl family of alcohol dehydrogenases; may be involved in fusel alcohol synthesis or in aldehyde tolerance; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress.

Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme type IV; dimeric enzyme demonstrated to be zinc-dependent despite sequence similarity to iron-activated alcohol dehydrogenases; transcription is induced in response to zinc deficiency.

NADPH-dependent medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase; has broad substrate specificity; member of the cinnamyl family of alcohol dehydrogenases; may be involved in fusel alcohol synthesis or in aldehyde tolerance.

Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme type IV; dimeric enzyme demonstrated to be zinc-dependent despite sequence similarity to iron-activated alcohol dehydrogenases; transcription is induced in response to zinc deficiency.

Pyruvate kinase; functions as a homotetramer in glycolysis to convert phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, the input for aerobic (TCA cycle) or anaerobic (glucose fermentation) respiration; regulated via allosteric activation by fructose bisphosphate; CDC19 has a paralog, PYK2, that arose from the whole genome duplication.

Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme type IV; dimeric enzyme demonstrated to be zinc-dependent despite sequence similarity to iron-activated alcohol dehydrogenases; transcription is induced in response to zinc deficiency.

Citrate synthase, mitochondrial; Citrate synthase; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl coenzyme A and oxaloacetate to form citrate; the rate-limiting enzyme of the TCA cycle; nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein; CIT1 has a paralog, CIT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication.