STRINGSTRING
PCL7 PCL7 CSS1 CSS1 FLO11 FLO11 CYR1 CYR1 TPK1 TPK1 TOR1 TOR1 TPK3 TPK3 TOR2 TOR2 SIC1 SIC1 FBP1 FBP1 TAP42 TAP42 MSN2 MSN2 ALD3 ALD3 PFK2 PFK2 ADH6 ADH6 LST8 LST8 ADH1 ADH1 GRE2 GRE2 HPF1 HPF1 PYK2 PYK2 SER1 SER1 TPK2 TPK2 TCO89 TCO89 ALD4 ALD4 CDC19 CDC19 ADH7 ADH7 GIS1 GIS1 RIM15 RIM15 HSF1 HSF1 ARI1 ARI1 CTT1 CTT1 SOD2 SOD2 GRE3 GRE3 KOG1 KOG1 SCH9 SCH9 BCY1 BCY1
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
PCL7Pho85p cyclin of the Pho80p subfamily; forms a functional kinase complex with Pho85p which phosphorylates Mmr1p and is regulated by Pho81p; involved in glycogen metabolism, expression is cell-cycle regulated; PCL7 has a paralog, PCL6, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (285 aa)
CSS1Protein of unknown function, secreted when constitutively expressed; SWAT-GFP, seamless-GFP and mCherry fusion proteins localize to the cell periphery, SWAT-GFP fusion also localizes to the extracellular region, and mCherry fusion also localizes to the vacuole; S/T rich and highly similar to YOL155C, a putative glucan alpha-1,4-glucosidase; transcript is induced in both high and low pH environments; non-essential gene; Belongs to the SRP1/TIP1 family. (995 aa)
FLO11Flocculation protein FLO11; GPI-anchored cell surface glycoprotein (flocculin); required for pseudohyphal and invasive growth, flocculation, and biofilm formation; major determinant of colony morphology; transcription regulated by the MAPK pathway (Ste12p and Tec1p) and the cAMP pathway (Flo8p); required for formation of fibrous interconnections between cells of a wild strain; role in co-flocculation with other yeast species; cleaved and shed from cells, contributing to their surface properties; Belongs to the flocculin family. Highly divergent. (1367 aa)
CYR1Adenylate cyclase; required for cAMP production and cAMP-dependent protein kinase signaling; the cAMP pathway controls a variety of cellular processes, including metabolism, cell cycle, stress response, stationary phase, and sporulation. (2026 aa)
TPK1cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; inhibited by regulatory subunit Bcy1p in the absence of cAMP; phosphorylates and inhibits Whi3p to promote G1/S phase passage; partially redundant with Tpk2p and Tpk3p; phosphorylates pre-Tom40p, which impairs its import into mitochondria under non-respiratory conditions; TPK1 has a paralog, TPK3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (397 aa)
TOR1Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR1; PIK-related protein kinase and rapamycin target; subunit of TORC1, a complex that controls growth in response to nutrients by regulating translation, transcription, ribosome biogenesis, nutrient transport and autophagy; involved in meiosis; TOR1 has a paralog, TOR2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (2470 aa)
TPK3cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; partially redundant with Tpk1p and Tpk2p; localizes to P-bodies during stationary phase; TPK3 has a paralog, TPK1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (398 aa)
TOR2Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR2; PIK-related protein kinase and rapamycin target; subunit of TORC1, a complex that regulates growth in response to nutrients and TORC2, a complex that regulates cell-cycle dependent polarization of the actin cytoskeleton; involved in meiosis; TOR2 has a paralog, TOR1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (2474 aa)
SIC1Protein SIC1; Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI); inhibitor of Cdc28-Clb kinase complexes that controls G1/S phase transition, preventing premature S phase and ensuring genomic integrity; phosphorylated by Clb5/6-Cdk1 and Cln1/2-Cdk1 kinase which regulate timing of Sic1p degradation; phosphorylation targets Sic1p for SCF(CDC4)-dependent turnover; functional homolog of mammalian Kip1. (284 aa)
FBP1Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase; key regulatory enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway, required for glucose metabolism; undergoes either proteasome-mediated or autophagy-mediated degradation depending on growth conditions; glucose starvation results in redistribution to the periplasm; interacts with Vid30p; Belongs to the FBPase class 1 family. (348 aa)
TAP42Type 2A phosphatase-associated protein 42; Essential protein involved in the TOR signaling pathway; physically associates with the protein phosphatase 2A and the SIT4 protein phosphatase catalytic subunits; Belongs to the IGBP1/TAP42 family. (366 aa)
MSN2Zinc finger protein MSN2; Stress-responsive transcriptional activator; activated in stochastic pulses of nuclear localization in response to various stress conditions; binds DNA at stress response elements of responsive genes; relative distribution to nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress. (704 aa)
ALD3Cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase; involved in beta-alanine synthesis; uses NAD+ as the preferred coenzyme; very similar to Ald2p; expression is induced by stress and repressed by glucose. (506 aa)
PFK2Beta subunit of heterooctameric phosphofructokinase; involved in glycolysis; indispensable for anaerobic growth; activated by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and AMP; mutation inhibits glucose induction of cell cycle-related genes; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade 'E' sub-subfamily. (959 aa)
ADH6NADPH-dependent medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase; has broad substrate specificity; member of the cinnamyl family of alcohol dehydrogenases; may be involved in fusel alcohol synthesis or in aldehyde tolerance; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (360 aa)
LST8Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8; Protein required for the transport of Gap1p; required for the transport of amino acid permease Gap1p from the Golgi to the cell surface; component of the TOR signaling pathway; associates with both Tor1p and Tor2p; contains a WD-repeat. (303 aa)
ADH1Alcohol dehydrogenase; fermentative isozyme active as homo- or heterotetramers; required for the reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol, the last step in the glycolytic pathway; ADH1 has a paralog, ADH5, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (348 aa)
GRE23-methylbutanal reductase and NADPH-dependent methylglyoxal reductase; stress induced (osmotic, ionic, oxidative, heat shock and heavy metals); regulated by the HOG pathway; restores resistance to glycolaldehyde by coupling reduction of glycolaldehyde to ethylene glycol and oxidation of NADPH to NADP+; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH-dependent) is also known as D-lactaldehyde dehydrogenase; Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase subfamily. (342 aa)
HPF1Haze-protective mannoprotein; reduces the particle size of aggregated proteins in white wines. (967 aa)
PYK2Pyruvate kinase; appears to be modulated by phosphorylation; transcription repressed by glucose, and Pyk2p may be active under low glycolytic flux; PYK2 has a paralog, CDC19, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (506 aa)
SER13-phosphoserine aminotransferase; catalyzes the formation of phosphoserine from 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate, required for serine and glycine biosynthesis; regulated by the general control of amino acid biosynthesis mediated by Gcn4p; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. SerC subfamily. (395 aa)
TPK2cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; promotes vegetative growth in response to nutrients via the Ras-cAMP signaling pathway; partially redundant with Tpk1p and Tpk3p; localizes to P-bodies during stationary phase; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia. (380 aa)
TCO89Subunit of TORC1 (Tor1p or Tor2p-Kog1p-Lst8p-Tco89p); regulates global H3K56ac; TORC1 complex regulates growth in response to nutrient availability; cooperates with Ssd1p in the maintenance of cellular integrity; deletion strains are hypersensitive to rapamycin. (799 aa)
ALD4Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase; required for growth on ethanol and conversion of acetaldehyde to acetate; phosphorylated; activity is K+ dependent; utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ equally as coenzymes; expression is glucose repressed; can substitute for cytosolic NADP-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase when directed to the cytosol; human homolog ALDH2 can complement yeast ald4 mutant. (519 aa)
CDC19Pyruvate kinase; functions as a homotetramer in glycolysis to convert phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, the input for aerobic (TCA cycle) or anaerobic (glucose fermentation) respiration; regulated via allosteric activation by fructose bisphosphate; CDC19 has a paralog, PYK2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (500 aa)
ADH7NADPH-dependent medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase; has broad substrate specificity; member of the cinnamyl family of alcohol dehydrogenases; may be involved in fusel alcohol synthesis or in aldehyde tolerance. (361 aa)
GIS1Transcriptional activator/repressor GIS1; Histone demethylase and transcription factor; regulates genes during nutrient limitation; activity modulated by proteasome-mediated proteolysis; has JmjC and JmjN domain in N-terminus that interact, promoting stability and proper transcriptional activity; contains two transactivating domains downstream of Jmj domains and a C-terminal DNA binding domain; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; GIS1 has a paralog, RPH1, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (894 aa)
RIM15Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIM15; Protein kinase involved in cell proliferation in response to nutrients; glucose-repressible; involved in signal transduction during cell proliferation in response to nutrients, specifically the establishment of stationary phase; identified as a regulator of IME2; phosphorylates Igo1p and Igo2p; substrate of Pho80p-Pho85p kinase. (1770 aa)
HSF1Trimeric heat shock transcription factor; activates multiple genes in response to highly diverse stresses; recognizes variable heat shock elements (HSEs) consisting of inverted NGAAN repeats; monitors translational status of cell through an RQC (Ribosomal Quality Control)-mediated translation-stress signal; involved in diauxic shift; posttranslationally regulated; human homolog HSF1 with linker region mutations can complement yeast hsf1 mutant; Belongs to the HSF family. (833 aa)
ARI1NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase; utilizes aromatic and alophatic aldehyde substrates; member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. (347 aa)
CTT1Cytosolic catalase T; has a role in protection from oxidative damage by hydrogen peroxide. (562 aa)
SOD2Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase; protects cells against oxygen toxicity and oxidative stress; human mitochondrial SOD2 can complement a yeast null mutant and human cytoplasmic SOD1 can also complement when targeted to the mitochondrial matrix. (233 aa)
GRE3Aldose reductase; involved in methylglyoxal, d-xylose, arabinose, and galactose metabolism; stress induced (osmotic, ionic, oxidative, heat shock, starvation and heavy metals); regulated by the HOG pathway; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (327 aa)
KOG1Subunit of TORC1; TORC1 is a rapamycin-sensitive complex involved in growth control that contains Tor1p or Tor2p, Lst8p and Tco89p; contains four HEAT repeats and seven WD-40 repeats; may act as a scaffold protein to couple TOR and its effectors; Belongs to the WD repeat RAPTOR family. (1557 aa)
SCH9Serine/threonine-protein kinase SCH9; AGC family protein kinase; functional ortholog of mammalian S6 kinase; phosphorylated by Tor1p and required for TORC1-mediated regulation of ribosome biogenesis, translation initiation, and entry into G0 phase; involved in transactivation of osmostress-responsive genes; regulates G1 progression, cAPK activity and nitrogen activation of the FGM pathway; integrates nutrient signals and stress signals from sphingolipids to regulate lifespan. (824 aa)
BCY1Regulatory subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA); PKA is a component of a signaling pathway that controls a variety of cellular processes, including metabolism, cell cycle, stress response, stationary phase, and sporulation. (416 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
NCBI taxonomy Id: 4932
Other names: ATCC 18824, Candida robusta, Mycoderma cerevisiae, NRRL Y-12632, S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces capensis, Saccharomyces italicus, Saccharomyces oviformis, Saccharomyces uvarum var. melibiosus, yeast
Server load: low (14%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.