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RCY1 RCY1 MMS1 MMS1 UBA3 UBA3 ATG5 ATG5 ELC1 ELC1 ULP1 ULP1 SNU66 SNU66 NFI1 NFI1 HRT1 HRT1 MDY2 MDY2 CRT10 CRT10 ATG3 ATG3 ORC5 ORC5 ELA1 ELA1 ATG4 ATG4 DSK2 DSK2 ROY1 ROY1 ATG16 ATG16 CTF13 CTF13 UFO1 UFO1 SRC1 SRC1 MDM30 MDM30 MMS22 MMS22 UBC12 UBC12 DCN1 DCN1 AHP1 AHP1 YUH1 YUH1 GRR1 GRR1 RAD7 RAD7 ATG8 ATG8 RAD16 RAD16 SPP381 SPP381 ATG12 ATG12 PRP5 PRP5 UBC9 UBC9 CDC53 CDC53 RPO21 RPO21 RRI1 RRI1 CDC34 CDC34 YDR131C YDR131C RUB1 RUB1 MFB1 MFB1 YDR306C YDR306C SKP1 SKP1 UBA2 UBA2 SIZ1 SIZ1 MMS21 MMS21 RAD23 RAD23 SLX8 SLX8 RSP5 RSP5 RAD4 RAD4 CDC4 CDC4 UBP6 UBP6 CUL3 CUL3 CLB6 CLB6 YAP3 YAP3 UBA4 UBA4 ATG7 ATG7 URM1 URM1 MET30 MET30 RTT101 RTT101
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RCY1Recyclin-1; F-box protein involved in recycling endocytosed proteins; involved in recycling plasma membrane proteins internalized by endocytosis; localized to sites of polarized growth; direct interaction with C-terminal cytoplasmic region of Drs2p plays an important role for Drs2p function in endocytic recycling pathway. (840 aa)
MMS1Subunit of E3 ubiquitin ligase complex involved in replication repair; stabilizes protein components of the replication fork such as the fork-pausing complex and leading strand polymerase, preventing fork collapse and promoting efficient recovery during replication stress; regulates Ty1 transposition; involved with Rtt101p in nonfunctional rRNA decay. (1407 aa)
UBA3NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 catalytic subunit; Protein that activates Rub1p (NEDD8) before neddylation; acts together with Ula1p; may play a role in protein degradation; GFP-fusion protein localizes to the cytoplasm in a punctate pattern. (299 aa)
ATG5Autophagy protein 5; Conserved protein involved in autophagy and the Cvt pathway; undergoes conjugation with Atg12p to form a complex involved in Atg8p lipidation; Atg5p-Atg12p conjugate enhances E2 activity of Atg3 by rearranging its catalytic site, also forms a complex with Atg16p; the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex binds to membranes and is essential for autophagosome formation; also involved in methionine restriction extension of chronological lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner. (294 aa)
ELC1Elongin-C; Elongin C, conserved among eukaryotes; forms a complex with Cul3p that polyubiquitylates monoubiquitylated RNA polymerase II to trigger its proteolysis; plays a role in global genomic repair. (99 aa)
ULP1Ubiquitin-like-specific protease 1; Protease that specifically cleaves Smt3p protein conjugates; required for cell cycle progression; associates with nucleoporins and may interact with septin rings during telophase; sequestered to the nucleolus under stress conditions. (621 aa)
SNU6666 kDa U4/U6.U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein component; Component of the U4/U6.U5 snRNP complex; involved in pre-mRNA splicing via spliceosome; also required for pre-5S rRNA processing and may act in concert with Rnh70p; has homology to human SART-1. (587 aa)
NFI1SUMO E3 ligase; catalyzes sumoylation of Yku70p/80p and Sir4p promoting telomere anchoring to the nuclear envelope and regulating telomerase activity; DNA-bound form catalyzes a DNA-damaged triggered sumoylation wave resulting in multisite modification of several DNA repair proteins, enhancing interactions between these proteins and accelerating repair; sumoylates Cse4p, a prerequisite for STUbL-mediated Ub-dependent degradation; role in telomere length maintenance; Belongs to the PIAS family. (726 aa)
HRT1RING-box protein HRT1; RING-H2 domain core subunit of multiple ubiquitin ligase complexes; subunit of Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) that tethers the Cdc34p (E2) and Cdc53p (cullin) SCF subunits, and is required for degradation of Gic2p, Far1p, Sic1p and Cln2p; subunit of the Rtt101p-Mms1p-Mms22p ubiquitin ligase that stabilizes replication forks after DNA lesions; subunit of the Cul3p-Elc1p-Ela1p ubiquitin ligase involved in Rpb1p degradation as part of transcription-coupled repair; Belongs to the RING-box family. (121 aa)
MDY2Ubiquitin-like protein MDY2; Protein involved in inserting tail-anchored proteins into ER membranes; forms a complex with Get4p; required for efficient mating; involved in shmoo formation and nuclear migration in the pre-zygote; associates with ribosomes. (212 aa)
CRT10Protein involved in transcriptional regulation of RNR2 and RNR3; expression of the gene is induced by DNA damage and null mutations confer increased resistance to hydroxyurea; N-terminal region has a leucine repeat and a WD40 repeat. (957 aa)
ATG3Autophagy-related protein 3; E2-like enzyme; involved in autophagy and cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway; plays a role in formation of Atg8p-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates, which are involved in membrane dynamics during autophagy and Cvt; interaction with Atg8p regulated by acetylation by NuA4 histone acetyltransferase Esa1p while attenuation of Atg3 acetylation is mediated by histone deacetylase Rpd3p; Atg12p-Atg5p conjugate enhances E2 activity of Atg3p by rearranging its catalytic site. (310 aa)
ORC5Subunit of the origin recognition complex (ORC); ORC directs DNA replication by binding to replication origins and is also involved in transcriptional silencing. (479 aa)
ELA1Elongin-A; Elongin A; F-box protein that forms a heterodimer with Elc1p and is required for ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the RNA Polymerase II subunit Rpo21p; subunit of the Elongin-Cullin-Socs (ECS) ligase complex; Belongs to the ELA1 family. (379 aa)
ATG4Conserved cysteine protease required for autophagy; cleaves Atg8p to a form required for autophagosome and Cvt vesicle generation. (494 aa)
DSK2Nuclear-enriched ubiquitin-like polyubiquitin-binding protein; required for spindle pole body (SPB) duplication and for transit through the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; involved in proteolysis; interacts with the proteasome; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (373 aa)
ROY1GTPase inhibitor with similarity to F-box proteins; inhibits Ypt52p GTPase activity by preventing Ypt52p from binding GTP; involved in regulating intracellular trafficking; physically interacts with Skp1p. (553 aa)
ATG16Conserved protein involved in autophagy; interacts with Atg12p-Atg5p conjugates to form Atg12p-Atg5p-Atg16p multimers, which binds to membranes and localizes to the pre-autophagosomal structure and are required for autophagy; relocalizes from nucleus to cytoplasmic foci upon DNA replication stress. (150 aa)
CTF13Subunit of the CBF3 complex; CBF3 binds to the CDE III element of centromeres, bending the DNA upon binding, and may be involved in sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis. (478 aa)
UFO1F-box receptor protein; subunit of the Skp1-Cdc53-F-box receptor (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; binds to phosphorylated Ho endonuclease, allowing its ubiquitination by SCF and subsequent degradation. (668 aa)
SRC1Inner nuclear membrane protein; highly enriched at telomeres and subtelomeric regions; functions in regulation of subtelomeric genes and is linked to TREX (transcription export) factors; SRC1 produces 2 splice variant proteins with different functions; alternative splicing of SRC1 pre-mRNA is promoted by Hub1p; mutant has aneuploidy tolerance; SEC1 has a paralog, HEH2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (834 aa)
MDM30Mitochondrial distribution and morphology protein 30; F-box component of an SCF ubiquitin protein ligase complex; associates with and is required for Fzo1p ubiquitination and for mitochondria fusion; stimulates nuclear export of specific mRNAs; promotes ubiquitin-mediated degradation of Gal4p in some strains. (598 aa)
MMS22E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase substrate receptor MMS22; Subunit of E3 ubiquitin ligase complex involved in replication repair; stabilizes protein components of the replication fork, such as the fork-pausing complex and leading strand polymerase, preventing fork collapse and promoting efficient recovery during replication stress; required for accurate meiotic chromosome segregation; Belongs to the MMS22 family. (1454 aa)
UBC12NEDD8-conjugating enzyme UBC12; Enzyme that mediates the conjugation of Rub1p; a ubiquitin-like protein, to other proteins; related to E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. (188 aa)
DCN1Scaffold-type E3 ligase; required for cullin neddylation and ubiquitin ligase activation; contains a ubiquitin-binding domain (UBA) for ubiquitin and Nedd8 (Rub1p) interaction and a PONY domain involved in cullin binding and neddylation. (269 aa)
AHP1Thiol-specific peroxiredoxin; reduces hydroperoxides to protect against oxidative damage; function in vivo requires covalent conjugation to Urm1p; Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily. (176 aa)
YUH1Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase; cleaves ubiquitin-protein fusions to generate monomeric ubiquitin; hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminus of ubiquitin; also the major processing enzyme for the ubiquitin-like protein Rub1p; Belongs to the peptidase C12 family. (236 aa)
GRR1F-box protein component of an SCF ubiquitin-ligase complex; modular substrate specificity factor which associates with core SCF (Cdc53p, Skp1p and Hrt1p/Rbx1p) to form the SCF(Grr1) complex; SCF(Grr1) acts as a ubiquitin-protein ligase directing ubiquitination of substrates such as: Gic2p, Mks1p, Mth1p, Cln1p, Cln2p and Cln3p; involved in carbon catabolite repression, glucose-dependent divalent cation transport, glucose transport, morphogenesis, and sulfite detoxification. (1151 aa)
RAD7Nucleotide excision repair (NER) protein; binds damaged DNA during NER; binds DNA in an ATP-dependent manner (with Rad16p) during NER; required for repair of non-transcribed chromatin; subunit of Nucleotide Excision Repair Factor 4 (NEF4) and the Elongin-Cullin-Socs (ECS) ligase complex. (565 aa)
ATG8Autophagy-related protein 8; Component of autophagosomes and Cvt vesicles; regulator of Atg1p, targets it to autophagosomes; binds the Atg1p-Atg13p complex, triggering its vacuolar degradation; unique ubiquitin-like protein whose conjugation target is lipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE); Atg8p-PE is anchored to membranes, is involved in phagophore expansion, and may mediate membrane fusion during autophagosome formation; deconjugation of Atg8p-PE is required for efficient autophagosome biogenesis. (117 aa)
RAD16Nucleotide excision repair (NER) protein; binds damaged DNA during NER; binds DNA in an ATP-dependent manner (with Rad7p) during NER; required for NER of non-transcribed chromatin; subunit of Nucleotide Excision Repair Factor 4 (NEF4) and the Elongin-Cullin-Socs (ECS) ligase complex. (790 aa)
SPP381Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SPP381; mRNA splicing factor, component of U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP; interacts genetically and physically with Prp38p; relocalizes to the cytosol in response to hypoxia; Belongs to the SPP381 family. (291 aa)
ATG12Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12; Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in autophagy and the Cvt pathway; conserved; conjugated to Atg5p to form a complex involved in Atg8p lipidation; Atg5p-Atg12p conjugate enhances E2 activity of Atg3p by rearranging its catalytic site, also forms a complex with Atg16p; the Atg5-Atg12/Atg16 complex binds to membranes and is essential for autophagosome formation. (186 aa)
PRP5Pre-mRNA-processing ATP-dependent RNA helicase PRP5; RNA helicase in the DEAD-box family; necessary for prespliceosome formation, bridges U1 and U2 snRNPs and enables stable U2 snRNP association with intron RNA; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX46/PRP5 subfamily. (849 aa)
UBC9SUMO-conjugating enzyme involved in the Smt3p conjugation pathway; nuclear protein required for S- and M-phase cyclin degradation and mitotic control; involved in proteolysis mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex cyclosome (APCC). (157 aa)
CDC53Cell division control protein 53; Cullin; structural protein of SCF complexes (which also contain Skp1p, Cdc34p, Hrt1p and an F-box protein) involved in ubiquitination; SCF promotes the G1-S transition by targeting G1 cyclins and the Cln-CDK inhibitor Sic1p for degradation; human homolog CUL1 can complement yeast cdc53 null mutant. (815 aa)
RPO21RNA polymerase II largest subunit B220; part of central core; phosphorylation of C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain regulates association with transcription and splicing factors; similar to bacterial beta-prime. (1733 aa)
RRI1Catalytic subunit of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex; acts as an isopeptidase in cleaving the ubiquitin-like protein Nedd8 from SCF ubiquitin ligases; metalloendopeptidase involved in the adaptation to pheromone signaling; involved in modulation of genes controlling amino acid and lipid metabolism, and ergosterol biosynthesis; Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. CSN5 subfamily. (440 aa)
CDC34Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2); catalytic subunit of SCF ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (together with Skp1p, Rbx1p, Cdc53p, and an F-box protein) that regulates cell cycle progression by targeting key substrates for degradation; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; human CDC34 functionally complements the thermosensitivity of the cdc34-2 mutant. (295 aa)
YDR131CF-box protein subunit of SCF ubiquitin ligase complex; substrate-specific adaptor subunit that recruits substrates to a core ubiquitination complex. (556 aa)
RUB1NEDD8-like protein RUB1; Ubiquitin-like protein with similarity to mammalian NEDD8; conjugation (neddylation) substrates include the cullins Cdc53p, Rtt101p, and Cul3p; activated by Ula1p and Uba3p (E1 enzyme pair); conjugation mediated by Ubc12p (E2 enzyme). (77 aa)
MFB1Mitochondria-associated F-box protein; involved in maintenance of normal mitochondrial morphology; interacts with Skp1p through the F-box motif; preferentially localizes to the mother cell during budding. (465 aa)
YDR306CF-box protein of unknown function; interacts with Sgt1p via a Leucine-Rich Repeat (LRR) domain. (478 aa)
SKP1Evolutionarily conserved kinetochore protein; part of multiple protein complexes, including the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, the CBF3 complex that binds centromeric DNA, and the RAVE complex that regulates assembly of the V-ATPase; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (194 aa)
UBA2Ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1-like; Subunit of heterodimeric nuclear SUMO activating enzyme E1 with Aos1p; activates Smt3p (SUMO) before its conjugation to proteins (sumoylation), which may play a role in protein targeting; essential for viability. (636 aa)
SIZ1SUMO E3 ligase; promotes attachment of small ubiquitin-related modifier sumo (Smt3p) to primarily cytoplasmic proteins; regulates Rsp5p ubiquitin ligase activity and is in turn itself regulated by Rsp5p; required for sumoylation of septins and histone H3 variant Cse4p, a prerequisite for STUbL-mediated Ub-dependent degradation; localizes to the septin ring; acts as an adapter between E2, Ubc9p and substrates; tends to compensate for survival of DNA damage in absence of Nfi1p. (904 aa)
MMS21Highly conserved SUMO E3 ligase subunit of SMC5-SMC6 complex; required for anchoring dsDNA breaks to the nuclear periphery; SMC5-SMC6 plays a key role in removal of X-shaped DNA structures that arise between sister chromatids during DNA replication and repair; required for efficient sister chromatid cohesion; mutants are sensitive to MMS, show increased spontaneous mutation and mitotic recombination; SUMOylates and inhibits Snf1p function; supports nucleolar function; Belongs to the NSE2 family. (267 aa)
RAD23UV excision repair protein RAD23; Protein with ubiquitin-like N terminus; subunit of Nuclear Excision Repair Factor 2 (NEF2) with Rad4p that binds damaged DNA; enhances protein deglycosylation activity of Png1p; also involved, with Rad4p, in ubiquitylated protein turnover; Rad4p-Rad23p heterodimer binds to promoters of DNA damage response genes to repress their transcription in the absence of DNA damage. (398 aa)
SLX8Subunit of Slx5-Slx8 SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase (STUbL) complex; role in proteolysis of spindle positioning protein Kar9, DNA repair proteins Rad52p and Rad57p; stimulated by SUMO-modified substrates; contains a C-terminal RING domain; forms nuclear foci upon DNA replication stress; required for maintenance of genome integrity like human ortholog RNF. (274 aa)
RSP5NEDD4 family E3 ubiquitin ligase; regulates processes including: MVB sorting, the heat shock response, transcription, endocytosis and ribosome stability; ubiquitinates Sec23p, Sna3p, Ste4p, Nfi1p, Rpo21p and Sem1p; autoubiquitinates; deubiquitinated by Ubp2p; regulated by SUMO ligase Siz1p, in turn regulates Siz1p SUMO ligase activity; required for efficient Golgi-to-ER trafficking in COPI mutants; mutant tolerates aneuploidy; human homolog implicated in Liddle syndrome; Belongs to the RSP5/NEDD4 family. (809 aa)
RAD4Protein that recognizes and binds damaged DNA (with Rad23p) during NER; subunit of Nuclear Excision Repair Factor 2 (NEF2); also involved, with Rad23p, in turnover of ubiquitylated proteins; Rad4p-Rad23p heterodimer binds to promoters of DNA damage response genes to repress their transcription in the absence of DNA damage; NER stands for nucleotide excision repair; Belongs to the XPC family. (754 aa)
CDC4Cell division control protein 4; F-box protein required for both the G1/S and G2/M phase transitions; modular substrate specificity factor which associates with core SCF (Cdc53p, Skp1p and Hrt1p/Rbx1p) to form the SCFCdc4 complex; SCFCdc4 acts as a ubiquitin-protein ligase directing ubiquitination of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) phosphorylated substrates, such as: Sic1p, Far1p, Cdc6p, Clb6p, and Cln3p. (779 aa)
UBP6Ubiquitin-specific protease; situated in the base subcomplex of the 26S proteasome, releases free ubiquitin from branched polyubiquitin chains en bloc, rather than from the distal tip of the chain; negatively regulates degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by the proteasome; works in opposition to Hul5p polyubiquitin elongation activity; mutant has aneuploidy tolerance; human homolog UBP14 complements yeast null mutant. (499 aa)
CUL3Cullin-3; Ubiquitin-protein ligase; forms a complex with Elc1p that polyubiquitylates monoubiquitylated RNA polymerase II to trigger its proteolysis; cullin family member with similarity to Cdc53p and human CUL3; Belongs to the cullin family. (744 aa)
CLB6S-phase entry cyclin-6; B-type cyclin involved in DNA replication during S phase; activates Cdc28p to promote initiation of DNA synthesis; functions in formation of mitotic spindles along with Clb3p and Clb4p; most abundant during late G1; CLB6 has a paralog, CLB5, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (380 aa)
YAP3Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor. (330 aa)
UBA4Adenylyltransferase and sulfurtransferase UBA4; E1-like protein that activates Urm1p before urmylation; also acts in thiolation of the wobble base of cytoplasmic tRNAs by adenylating and then thiolating Urm1p; receives sulfur from Tum1p; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the HesA/MoeB/ThiF family. UBA4 subfamily. (440 aa)
ATG7Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7; Autophagy-related protein and dual specificity member of the E1 family; mediates the attachment of Atg12p to Atg5p and Atg8p to phosphatidylethanolamine which are required steps in autophagosome formation; E1 enzymes are also known as ubiquitin-activating enzymes; involved in methionine restriction extension of chronological lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner; Belongs to the ATG7 family. (630 aa)
URM1Ubiquitin-related modifier 1; Ubiquitin-like protein involved in thiolation of cytoplasmic tRNAs; receives sulfur from the E1-like enzyme Uba4p and transfers it to tRNA; also functions as a protein tag with roles in nutrient sensing and oxidative stress response. (99 aa)
MET30F-box protein containing five copies of the WD40 motif; controls cell cycle function, sulfur metabolism, and methionine biosynthesis as part of the ubiquitin ligase complex; interacts with and regulates Met4p, localizes within the nucleus; dissociation of Met30p from SCF complex in response to cadmium stress is regulated by Cdc48p. (640 aa)
RTT101Cullin-8; Cullin subunit of a Roc1p-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; role in anaphase progression; required for recovery after DSB repair; implicated in Mms22-dependent DNA repair; involved with Mms1p in nonfunctional rRNA decay; modified by the ubiquitin-like protein, Rub1p. (842 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
NCBI taxonomy Id: 4932
Other names: ATCC 18824, Candida robusta, Mycoderma cerevisiae, NRRL Y-12632, S. cerevisiae, Saccharomyces capensis, Saccharomyces italicus, Saccharomyces oviformis, Saccharomyces uvarum var. melibiosus, yeast
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