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URA7 | Major CTP synthase isozyme (see also URA8); catalyzes the ATP-dependent transfer of the amide nitrogen from glutamine to UTP, forming CTP, the final step in de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; capable of forming cytoplasmic filaments termed cytoophidium, especially during conditions of glucose depletion; URA7 has a paralog, URA8, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (579 aa) | ||||
YSA1 | Nudix hydrolase family member with ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase activity; shown to metabolize O-acetyl-ADP-ribose to AMP and acetylated ribose 5'-phosphate; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. NudF subfamily. (231 aa) | ||||
DUT1 | Deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase; Deoxyuridine triphosphate diphosphatase (dUTPase); catalyzes hydrolysis of dUTP to dUMP and PPi, thereby preventing incorporation of uracil into DNA during replication; critical for the maintenance of genetic stability; also has diphosphatase activity on deoxyinosine triphosphate; human homolog DUT allows growth of yeast haploid dut1 null mutant after sporulation of heterozygous diploid. (147 aa) | ||||
YBR284W | Inactive deaminase YBR284W; Putative metallo-dependent hydrolase superfamily protein; similar to AMP deaminases but lacks key catalytic residues and does not rescue purine nucleotide metabolic defect of quadruple aah1 ade8 amd1 his1 mutant; null mutant exhibits longer telomeres, altered Ty mobility, decreased resistance to rapamycin and wortmannin; induced in response to hydrostatic pressure; not an essential gene; YBR284W has a paralog, YJL070C, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (797 aa) | ||||
FAP7 | Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 6 homolog FAP7; Essential NTPase required for small ribosome subunit synthesis; mediates processing of the 20S pre-rRNA at site D in the cytoplasm but associates only transiently with 43S preribosomes via Rps14p; complex with Rps14 is conserved between humans, yeast, and arches; may be the endonuclease for site D; depletion leads to accumulation of pre-40S ribosomes in 80S-like ribosomes; human TAF9 functionally complements the lethality of the null mutation. (197 aa) | ||||
GUD1 | Guanine deaminase; a catabolic enzyme of the guanine salvage pathway producing xanthine and ammonia from guanine; activity is low in exponentially-growing cultures but expression is increased in post-diauxic and stationary-phase cultures. (489 aa) | ||||
DAS2 | Putative uridine kinase DAS2; Putative protein of unknown function; non-essential gene identified in a screen for mutants with increased levels of rDNA transcription; weak similarity with uridine kinases and with phosphoribokinases; Belongs to the uridine kinase family. (232 aa) | ||||
ADK1 | Adenylate kinase, required for purine metabolism; localized to the cytoplasm and the mitochondria; lacks cleavable signal sequence; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; mutations affecting Adk1p catalytic activity deregulate expression of phosphate utilization genes PHO5 and PHO84; human homolog AK1 can complement yeast adk1 mutant. (222 aa) | ||||
GUK1 | Guanylate kinase; converts GMP to GDP; required for growth and mannose outer chain elongation of cell wall N-linked glycoproteins. (187 aa) | ||||
GDA1 | Guanosine-diphosphatase; Guanosine diphosphatase located in the Golgi; involved in the transport of GDP-mannose into the Golgi lumen, converting GDP to GMP after mannose is transferred to substrates; null mutants are defective in sporulation and pre-meiotic S phase entry; orthologous to human ENTPD6, a meiosis-associated non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) related gene identified in GWAS studies; Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family. (518 aa) | ||||
YND1 | Apyrase with wide substrate specificity; helps prevent inhibition of glycosylation by hydrolyzing nucleoside tri- and diphosphates that inhibit glycotransferases; partially redundant with Gda1p; mediates adenovirus E4orf4-induced toxicity. (630 aa) | ||||
ADK2 | GTP:AMP phosphotransferase, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial adenylate kinase; catalyzes the reversible synthesis of GTP and AMP from GDP and ADP; may serve as a back-up for synthesizing GTP or ADP depending on metabolic conditions; 3' sequence of ADK2 varies with strain background. (225 aa) | ||||
ADE5,7 | Bifunctional purine biosynthetic protein ADE5,7; Enzyme of the 'de novo' purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway; contains aminoimidazole ribotide synthetase and glycinamide ribotide synthetase activities; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the AIR synthase family. (802 aa) | ||||
ADE6 | Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase; Formylglycinamidine-ribonucleotide (FGAM)-synthetase; catalyzes a step in the 'de novo' purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway. (1358 aa) | ||||
IMD2 | Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2; Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase; catalyzes the rate-limiting step in GTP biosynthesis, expression is induced by mycophenolic acid resulting in resistance to the drug, expression is repressed by nutrient limitation; IMD2 has a paralog, YAR073W/YAR075W, that arose from a segmental duplication. (523 aa) | ||||
YJL070C | Inactive deaminase YJL070C; Putative metallo-dependent hydrolase superfamily protein; similar to AMP deaminases but lacks key catalytic residues and does not rescue purine nucleotide metabolic defect of quadruple aah1 ade8 amd1 his1 mutant; may regulate purine nucleotide homeostasis as overexpression in an AMD1 strain grown in adenine results in greatly reduced GDP and GTP intracellular levels; not an essential gene; YJL070C has a paralog, YBR284W, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (888 aa) | ||||
URA2 | Glutamine-dependent carbamoyl-phosphate synthase; Bifunctional carbamoylphosphate synthetase/aspartate transcarbamylase; catalyzes the first two enzymatic steps in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; both activities are subject to feedback inhibition by UTP; In the central section; belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. DHOase family. CAD subfamily. (2214 aa) | ||||
HAM1 | Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase; Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase; active against various substrates including ITP, dITP and XTP; mediates exclusion of non canonical purines, pyrimidines from dNTP pools; functions with YJL055W to mediate resistance to 5-FU; specifically reduces the incorporation of 5-FU into RNA without affecting uptake or incorporation of uracil into RNA; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; yeast HAM1 can complement knockdown of human homolog ITPA. (197 aa) | ||||
URA8 | Minor CTP synthase isozyme (see also URA7); catalyzes the ATP-dependent transfer of the amide nitrogen from glutamine to UTP, forming CTP, the final step in de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines; involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; capable of forming cytoplasmic filaments termed cytoophidium, especially during conditions of glucose depletion; URA8 has a paralog, URA7, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (578 aa) | ||||
ADO1 | Adenosine kinase; required for the utilization of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet); may be involved in recycling adenosine produced through the methyl cycle. (340 aa) | ||||
URA6 | Uridylate kinase; catalyzes the seventh enzymatic step in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidines, converting uridine monophosphate (UMP) into uridine-5'-diphosphate (UDP); Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. UMP-CMP kinase subfamily. (204 aa) | ||||
YKL033W-A | Uncharacterized hydrolase YKL033W-A; Putative protein of unknown function; similar to uncharacterized proteins from other fungi; Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. (236 aa) | ||||
YNK1 | Nucleoside diphosphate kinase; catalyzes the transfer of gamma phosphates from nucleoside triphosphates, usually ATP, to nucleoside diphosphates by a mechanism that involves formation of an autophosphorylated enzyme intermediate; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (153 aa) | ||||
PNP1 | Purine nucleoside phosphorylase; specifically metabolizes inosine and guanosine nucleosides; involved in the nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway; Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family. (311 aa) | ||||
CDD1 | Cytidine deaminase; catalyzes the modification of cytidine to uridine in vitro but native RNA substrates have not been identified, localizes to both the nucleus and cytoplasm. (142 aa) | ||||
ADE13 | Adenylosuccinate lyase; catalyzes two steps in the 'de novo' purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway; expression is repressed by adenine and activated by Bas1p and Pho2p; mutations in human ortholog ADSL cause adenylosuccinase deficiency; human ADSL can complement yeast ADE13 null mutant. (482 aa) | ||||
IMD3 | Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 3; Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase; catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of GTP; member of a four-gene family in S. cerevisiae, constitutively expressed; IMD3 has a paralog, IMD4, that arose from the whole genome duplication; Belongs to the IMPDH/GMPR family. (523 aa) | ||||
APT1 | Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase; catalyzes the formation of AMP from adenine and 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate; involved in the salvage pathway of purine nucleotide biosynthesis; APT1 has a paralog, APT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (187 aa) | ||||
AMD1 | AMP deaminase; tetrameric enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of AMP to form IMP and ammonia; thought to be involved in regulation of intracellular purine (adenine, guanine, and inosine) nucleotide pools. (810 aa) | ||||
IMD4 | Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 4; Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase; catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of GTP; member of a four-gene family in S. cerevisiae, constitutively expressed; IMD4 has a paralog, IMD3, that arose from the whole genome duplication. (524 aa) | ||||
ADE17 | Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase; Enzyme of 'de novo' purine biosynthesis; contains both 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase and inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase activities; ADE17 has a paralog, ADE16, that arose from the whole genome duplication; ade16 ade17 mutants require adenine and histidine; Belongs to the PurH family. (592 aa) | ||||
GUA1 | GMP synthase; highly conserved enzyme that catalyzes the second step in the biosynthesis of GMP from inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP); transcription is not subject to regulation by guanine but is negatively regulated by nutrient starvation; reduction-of-function mutation gua1-G388D causes changes in cellular guanine nucleotide pools, defects in general protein synthesis, and impaired translation of GCN4 mRNA. (525 aa) | ||||
ADE12 | Adenylosuccinate synthase; catalyzes the first step in synthesis of adenosine monophosphate from inosine 5'monophosphate during purine nucleotide biosynthesis; exhibits binding to single-stranded autonomously replicating (ARS) core sequence. (433 aa) | ||||
URK1 | Uridine/cytidine kinase; component of the pyrimidine ribonucleotide salvage pathway that converts uridine into UMP and cytidine into CMP; involved in the pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide salvage pathway, converting deoxycytidine into dCMP. (501 aa) | ||||
CDC21 | Thymidylate synthase; required for de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides; expression is induced at G1/S; human homolog TYMSOS can complement yeast cdc21 temperature-sensitive mutant at restrictive temperature. (304 aa) | ||||
GLR1 | Cytosolic and mitochondrial glutathione oxidoreductase; converts oxidized glutathione to reduced glutathione; cytosolic Glr1p is the main determinant of the glutathione redox state of the mitochondrial intermembrane space; mitochondrial Glr1p has a role in resistance to hyperoxia; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress. (483 aa) |