Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, F52a subunit, FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Serves to protect the cell against DNA damage by alkyl hydroperoxides. It can use either NADH or NADPH as electron donor for direct reduction of redox dyes or of alkyl hydroperoxides when combined with the AhpC protein; Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.

Glutathione oxidoreductase; Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol; Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.

Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, F52a subunit, FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Serves to protect the cell against DNA damage by alkyl hydroperoxides. It can use either NADH or NADPH as electron donor for direct reduction of redox dyes or of alkyl hydroperoxides when combined with the AhpC protein; Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.

Fused nitric oxide dioxygenase/dihydropteridine reductase 2; Is involved in NO detoxification in an aerobic process, termed nitric oxide dioxygenase (NOD) reaction that utilizes O(2) and NAD(P)H to convert NO to nitrate, which protects the bacterium from various noxious nitrogen compounds. Therefore, plays a central role in the inducible response to nitrosative stress. Various electron acceptors are also reduced by HMP in vitro, including dihydropterine, ferrisiderophores, ferric citrate, cytochrome c, nitrite, S-nitrosoglutathione, and alkylhydroperoxides. However, it is unknown if th [...]

Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, F52a subunit, FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Serves to protect the cell against DNA damage by alkyl hydroperoxides. It can use either NADH or NADPH as electron donor for direct reduction of redox dyes or of alkyl hydroperoxides when combined with the AhpC protein; Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.

Thioredoxin reductase, FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Thioredoxin reductase; Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.

Crotonobetaine reductase subunit II, FAD-binding; Catalyzes the reduction of crotonobetainyl-CoA to gamma- butyrobetainyl-CoA. The electron donor could be the FixA/FixB complex.

Protein FixB; Required for anaerobic carnitine reduction. May bring reductant to CaiA; Belongs to the ETF alpha-subunit/FixB family.

Crotonobetaine reductase subunit II, FAD-binding; Catalyzes the reduction of crotonobetainyl-CoA to gamma- butyrobetainyl-CoA. The electron donor could be the FixA/FixB complex.

Putative oxidoreductase; Could be part of an electron transfer system required for anaerobic carnitine reduction; Belongs to the ETF-QO/FixC family.

Crotonobetaine reductase subunit II, FAD-binding; Catalyzes the reduction of crotonobetainyl-CoA to gamma- butyrobetainyl-CoA. The electron donor could be the FixA/FixB complex.

Putative electron transfer flavoprotein, FAD-binding subunit; May play a role in a redox process; Belongs to the ETF alpha-subunit/FixB family.

Crotonobetaine reductase subunit II, FAD-binding; Catalyzes the reduction of crotonobetainyl-CoA to gamma- butyrobetainyl-CoA. The electron donor could be the FixA/FixB complex.

Putative oxidoreductase; Probably accepts electrons from YdiQ/YdiR and reduces a quinone; Belongs to the ETF-QO/FixC family.

Crotonobetaine reductase subunit II, FAD-binding; Catalyzes the reduction of crotonobetainyl-CoA to gamma- butyrobetainyl-CoA. The electron donor could be the FixA/FixB complex.

Putative flavoprotein; May play a role in a redox process; Belongs to the ETF alpha-subunit/FixB family.

Sulfite reductase, alpha subunit, flavoprotein; Component of the sulfite reductase complex that catalyzes the 6-electron reduction of sulfite to sulfide. This is one of several activities required for the biosynthesis of L-cysteine from sulfate. The flavoprotein component catalyzes the electron flow from NADPH -> FAD -> FMN to the hemoprotein component; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.

Anaerobic fumarate reductase catalytic and NAD/flavoprotein subunit; Two distinct, membrane-bound, FAD-containing enzymes are responsible for the catalysis of fumarate and succinate interconversion; the fumarate reductase is used in anaerobic growth, and the succinate dehydrogenase is used in aerobic growth. Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily.

Sulfite reductase, alpha subunit, flavoprotein; Component of the sulfite reductase complex that catalyzes the 6-electron reduction of sulfite to sulfide. This is one of several activities required for the biosynthesis of L-cysteine from sulfate. The flavoprotein component catalyzes the electron flow from NADPH -> FAD -> FMN to the hemoprotein component; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.

HCP oxidoreductase, NADH-dependent; NADH oxidoreductase acting in concert with HCP.

Sulfite reductase, alpha subunit, flavoprotein; Component of the sulfite reductase complex that catalyzes the 6-electron reduction of sulfite to sulfide. This is one of several activities required for the biosynthesis of L-cysteine from sulfate. The flavoprotein component catalyzes the electron flow from NADPH -> FAD -> FMN to the hemoprotein component; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase required to generate the methyl groups necessary for methionine synthetase to convert homocysteine to methionine.

Sulfite reductase, alpha subunit, flavoprotein; Component of the sulfite reductase complex that catalyzes the 6-electron reduction of sulfite to sulfide. This is one of several activities required for the biosynthesis of L-cysteine from sulfate. The flavoprotein component catalyzes the electron flow from NADPH -> FAD -> FMN to the hemoprotein component; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.

Ring 1,2-phenylacetyl-CoA epoxidase, NAD(P)H oxidoreductase component; Component of 1,2-phenylacetyl-CoA epoxidase multicomponent enzyme system which catalyzes the reduction of phenylacetyl-CoA (PA- CoA) to form 1,2-epoxyphenylacetyl-CoA. The subunit E is a reductase with a preference for NADPH and FAD, capable of reducing cytochrome c.

Sulfite reductase, alpha subunit, flavoprotein; Component of the sulfite reductase complex that catalyzes the 6-electron reduction of sulfite to sulfide. This is one of several activities required for the biosynthesis of L-cysteine from sulfate. The flavoprotein component catalyzes the electron flow from NADPH -> FAD -> FMN to the hemoprotein component; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.

Putative YeaWX dioxygenase beta subunit, reductase component; Converts carnitine to trimethylamine and malic semialdehyde. Can also use gamma-butyrobetaine, choline and betaine as substrates.

D-lactate dehydrogenase, FAD-binding, NADH independent; Catalyzes the oxidation of D-lactate to pyruvate. Electrons derived from D-lactate oxidation are transferred to the ubiquinone/cytochrome electron transfer chain, where they may be used to provide energy for the active transport of a variety of amino acids and sugars across the membrane.

Anaerobic fumarate reductase catalytic and NAD/flavoprotein subunit; Two distinct, membrane-bound, FAD-containing enzymes are responsible for the catalysis of fumarate and succinate interconversion; the fumarate reductase is used in anaerobic growth, and the succinate dehydrogenase is used in aerobic growth. Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily.

D-lactate dehydrogenase, FAD-binding, NADH independent; Catalyzes the oxidation of D-lactate to pyruvate. Electrons derived from D-lactate oxidation are transferred to the ubiquinone/cytochrome electron transfer chain, where they may be used to provide energy for the active transport of a variety of amino acids and sugars across the membrane.

Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, aerobic, FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Conversion of glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone. Uses molecular oxygen or nitrate as electron acceptor.

D-lactate dehydrogenase, FAD-binding, NADH independent; Catalyzes the oxidation of D-lactate to pyruvate. Electrons derived from D-lactate oxidation are transferred to the ubiquinone/cytochrome electron transfer chain, where they may be used to provide energy for the active transport of a variety of amino acids and sugars across the membrane.

Acetolactate synthase I,valine-sensitive, large subunit.

D-lactate dehydrogenase, FAD-binding, NADH independent; Catalyzes the oxidation of D-lactate to pyruvate. Electrons derived from D-lactate oxidation are transferred to the ubiquinone/cytochrome electron transfer chain, where they may be used to provide energy for the active transport of a variety of amino acids and sugars across the membrane.

Acetolactate synthase III, valine sensitive, large subunit.

D-lactate dehydrogenase, FAD-binding, NADH independent; Catalyzes the oxidation of D-lactate to pyruvate. Electrons derived from D-lactate oxidation are transferred to the ubiquinone/cytochrome electron transfer chain, where they may be used to provide energy for the active transport of a variety of amino acids and sugars across the membrane.

Respiratory NADH dehydrogenase 2/cupric reductase; Transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. Does not couple the redox reaction to proton translocation.

D-lactate dehydrogenase, FAD-binding, NADH independent; Catalyzes the oxidation of D-lactate to pyruvate. Electrons derived from D-lactate oxidation are transferred to the ubiquinone/cytochrome electron transfer chain, where they may be used to provide energy for the active transport of a variety of amino acids and sugars across the membrane.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase, thiamine triphosphate-binding, FAD-binding; Pyruvate oxidase; Protein involved in carbohydrate catabolic process and pyruvate catabolic process; Belongs to the TPP enzyme family.

tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase A; Catalyzes the synthesis of 5,6-dihydrouridine (D), a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs, via the reduction of the C5-C6 double bond in target uridines. Specifically modifies U20 and U20a in tRNAs; Belongs to the Dus family. DusA subfamily.

tRNA-dihydrouridine synthase B; Catalyzes the synthesis of 5,6-dihydrouridine (D), a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs, via the reduction of the C5-C6 double bond in target uridines; Belongs to the Dus family. DusB subfamily.