STRINGSTRING
holA holA rarA rarA holB holB tus tus holE holE nrdA nrdA nrdB nrdB ligA ligA hda hda nrdE nrdE nrdF nrdF dnaG dnaG diaA diaA dam dam ligB ligB recF recF dnaN dnaN dnaA dnaA rep rep uvrD uvrD polA polA priA priA lexA lexA dnaB dnaB ssb ssb crfC crfC priB priB dnaT dnaT holD holD holC holC dnaC dnaC dnaK dnaK dnaJ dnaJ mutT mutT dnaE dnaE dnaQ dnaQ dinB dinB sbcC sbcC sbcD sbcD dnaX dnaX
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
holADNA polymerase III, delta subunit; Part of the beta sliding clamp loading complex, which hydrolyzes ATP to load the beta clamp onto primed DNA to form the DNA replication pre-initiation complex. DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3'-5' exonuclease activity. The delta subunit is the wrench that will open the beta subunit dimer, which has been modeled to leave a gap large enough for ssDNA to pass through. The gamma complex (gamma(3),delta,delta') is thought to load beta dimers [...] (343 aa)
rarARecombination intermediate processing DNA-dependent ATPase; DNA-dependent ATPase that plays important roles in cellular responses to stalled DNA replication processes. (447 aa)
holBDNA polymerase III, delta prime subunit; Part of the beta sliding clamp loading complex, which hydrolyzes ATP to load the beta clamp onto primed DNA to form the DNA replication pre-initiation complex. DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. The gamma complex (gamma(3),delta,delta') is thought to load beta dimers onto DNA by binding ATP which alters the complex's conformation so it can bind beta sliding clamp dimers and open them at one interface. Pr [...] (334 aa)
tusInhibitor of replication at Ter, DNA-binding protein; Trans-acting protein required for termination of DNA replication. Binds to DNA replication terminator sequences (terA to terF) to prevent the passage of replication forks. The termination efficiency will be affected by the affinity of this protein for the terminator sequence. (309 aa)
holEDNA polymerase III, theta subunit; DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. (76 aa)
nrdARibonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 1, alpha subunit; Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. R1 contains the binding sites for both substrates and allosteric effectors and carries out the actual reduction of the ribonucleotide. It also provides redox-active cysteines. (761 aa)
nrdBRibonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 1, beta subunit, ferritin-like protein; Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. R2 contains the tyrosyl radical required for catalysis; Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family. (376 aa)
ligADNA ligase, NAD(+)-dependent; DNA ligase that catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester linkages between 5'-phosphoryl and 3'-hydroxyl groups in double- stranded DNA using NAD as a coenzyme and as the energy source for the reaction. It is essential for DNA replication and repair of damaged DNA; Belongs to the NAD-dependent DNA ligase family. LigA subfamily. (671 aa)
hdaATPase regulatory factor involved in DnaA inactivation; Mediates the interactions of DNA replication initiator protein DnaA with DNA polymerase subunit beta sliding clamp (dnaN). Stimulates hydrolysis of ATP-DnaA to ADP-DnaA, rendering DnaA inactive for reinitiation, a process called regulatory inhibition of DnaA or RIDA. ADP-binding activates Hda to hydrolyze DnaA-ATP; Hda monomers bind to ADP with about 200-fold greater affinity than for ATP. RIDA function can be genetically separated from viability, suggesting this protein has another function as well. (233 aa)
nrdERibonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 2, alpha subunit; Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. R1E contains the binding sites for both substrates and allosteric effectors and carries out the actual reduction of the ribonucleotide; Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large chain family. (714 aa)
nrdFRibonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 2, beta subunit, ferritin-like protein; Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. R2F contains the tyrosyl radical required for catalysis; Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family. (319 aa)
dnaGDNA primase; RNA polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA molecules used as primers for DNA polymerase during DNA replication. (581 aa)
diaADnaA initiator-associating factor for replication initiation; Required for the timely initiation of chromosomal replication via direct interactions with the DnaA initiator protein. (196 aa)
damDNA adenine methyltransferase; Methylates DNA within the sequence GATC and protects the DNA from cleavage by the restriction endonuclease MboI. Although it shares sequence specificity with a number of type II restriction endonucleases and methylases, it is thought to act in postreplication mismatch repair rather than as a part of a restriction modification system. May also play a role in DNA replication. (278 aa)
ligBDNA ligase, NAD(+)-dependent; Catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester linkages between 5'-phosphoryl and 3'-hydroxyl groups in double-stranded DNA using NAD as a coenzyme and as the energy source for the reaction. Belongs to the NAD-dependent DNA ligase family. LigB subfamily. (560 aa)
recFGap repair protein; The RecF protein is involved in DNA metabolism; it is required for DNA replication and normal SOS inducibility. RecF binds preferentially to single-stranded, linear DNA. It also seems to bind ATP. (357 aa)
dnaNDNA polymerase III, beta subunit; Confers DNA tethering and processivity to DNA polymerases and other proteins. Acts as a clamp, forming a ring around DNA (a reaction catalyzed by the clamp-loading complex) which diffuses in an ATP- independent manner freely and bidirectionally along dsDNA. DNA bound in the ring is bent 22 degrees, in solution primed DNA is bound more tightly than dsDNA, suggesting the clamp binds both ss- and dsDNA. In a complex of DNA with this protein, alpha, epsilon and tau subunits however the DNA is only slightly bent. Coordinates protein traffic at the replicati [...] (366 aa)
dnaAChromosomal replication initiator protein DnaA, DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator; Plays a key role in the initiation and regulation of chromosomal replication. Binds in an ATP-dependent fashion to the origin of replication (oriC) to initiate formation of the DNA replication initiation complex exactly once per cell cycle. Binds the DnaA box (consensus sequence 5'-TTATC[CA]A[CA]A-3'); subsequent binding of DNA polymerase III subunits leads to replisome formation. The DnaA- ATP form converts to DnaA-ADP; once converted to ADP the protein cannot initiate replication, ensuring onl [...] (467 aa)
repATP-dependent DNA helicase Rep; Rep helicase is a single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase involved in DNA replication; it can initiate unwinding at a nick in the DNA. It binds to the single-stranded DNA and acts in a progressive fashion along the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction. (673 aa)
uvrDDNA-dependent ATPase I and helicase II; A helicase with DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Unwinds DNA duplexes with 3' to 5' polarity with respect to the bound strand. Initiates unwinding more efficiently from a nicked substrate than ds duplex DNA. Involved in the post-incision events of nucleotide excision repair and methyl-directed mismatch repair, and probably also in repair of alkylated DNA (Probable). (720 aa)
polA5' to 3' DNA polymerase and 3' to 5'/5' to 3' exonuclease; In addition to polymerase activity, this DNA polymerase exhibits 3'-5' and 5'-3' exonuclease activity. It is able to utilize nicked circular duplex DNA as a template and can unwind the parental DNA strand from its template. (928 aa)
priAPrimosome factor n' (replication factor Y); Involved in the restart of stalled replication forks. Recognizes and binds the arrested nascent DNA chain at stalled replication forks. It can open the DNA duplex, via its helicase activity, and promote assembly of the primosome and loading of the major replicative helicase DnaB onto DNA. Is also involved in initiation of normal DNA replication in various plasmids and phages. Binds to branched DNA structures that resemble D-loops or to the primosome assembly site (PAS). Binds to DNA in two distinct modes, either dependent on or independent of [...] (732 aa)
lexATranscriptional repressor of SOS regulon; Represses a number of genes involved in the response to DNA damage (SOS response), including recA and lexA. Binds to the 16 bp palindromic sequence 5'-CTGTATATATATACAG-3'. In the presence of single- stranded DNA, RecA interacts with LexA causing an autocatalytic cleavage which disrupts the DNA-binding part of LexA, leading to derepression of the SOS regulon and eventually DNA repair. Implicated in hydroxy radical-mediated cell death induced by hydroxyurea treatment .The SOS response controls an apoptotic-like death (ALD) induced (in the absence [...] (202 aa)
dnaBReplicative DNA helicase; Participates in initiation and elongation during chromosome replication; it exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity and contains distinct active sites for ATP binding, DNA binding, and interaction with DnaC protein, primase, and other prepriming proteins. (471 aa)
ssbSingle-stranded DNA-binding protein; Plays an important role in DNA replication, recombination and repair. Binds to ssDNA and to an array of partner proteins to recruit them to their sites of action during DNA metabolism. Acts as a sliding platform that migrates on DNA via reptation. SSB or its 10 C-terminal amino acids stimulates the ATPase activity of RadD. (178 aa)
crfCClamp-binding sister replication fork colocalization protein, dynamin-related; Important for the colocalization of sister nascent DNA strands after replication fork passage during DNA replication, and for positioning and subsequent partitioning of sister chromosomes. Does not have GTPase activity on its own; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (742 aa)
priBPrimosomal protein N; Binds single-stranded DNA at the primosome assembly site (PAS). During primosome assembly it facilitates the complex formation between PriA and DnaT. Belongs to the PriB family. (104 aa)
dnaTDNA biosynthesis protein (primosomal protein I); This protein is required for primosome-dependent normal DNA replication; it is also involved in inducing stable DNA replication during SOS response. It forms, in concert with DnaB protein and other prepriming proteins DnaC, N, N', N'' a prepriming protein complex on the specific site of the template DNA recognized by protein N'; Belongs to the DnaT family. (179 aa)
holDDNA polymerase III, psi subunit; Part of the beta sliding clamp loading complex, which hydrolyzes ATP to load the beta clamp onto primed DNA to form the DNA replication pre-initiation complex. DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. The exact function of the psi subunit is unknown. (137 aa)
holCDNA polymerase III, chi subunit; Part of the beta sliding clamp loading complex, which hydrolyzes ATP to load the beta clamp onto primed DNA to form the DNA replication pre-initiation complex. DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. (147 aa)
dnaCDNA biosynthesis protein; This protein is required for chromosomal replication. It forms, in concert with DnaB protein and other prepriming proteins DnaT, N, N', N'' a prepriming protein complex on the specific site of the template DNA recognized by protein N'. (245 aa)
dnaKChaperone Hsp70, with co-chaperone DnaJ; Plays an essential role in the initiation of phage lambda DNA replication, where it acts in an ATP-dependent fashion with the DnaJ protein to release lambda O and P proteins from the preprimosomal complex. DnaK is also involved in chromosomal DNA replication, possibly through an analogous interaction with the DnaA protein. Also participates actively in the response to hyperosmotic shock. (638 aa)
dnaJChaperone Hsp40, DnaK co-chaperone; Interacts with DnaK and GrpE to disassemble a protein complex at the origins of replication of phage lambda and several plasmids. Participates actively in the response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins and by disaggregating proteins, also in an autonomous, DnaK-independent fashion. Unfolded proteins bind initially to DnaJ; upon interaction with the DnaJ-bound protein, DnaK hydrolyzes its bound ATP, resulting in the formation of a stable complex. GrpE releases ADP from DnaK; ATP binding to DnaK t [...] (376 aa)
mutTdGTP-preferring nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase; Involved in the GO system responsible for removing an oxidatively damaged form of guanine (7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine) from DNA and the nucleotide pool. 8-oxo-dGTP is inserted opposite dA and dC residues of template DNA with almost equal efficiency thus leading to A.T to G.C transversions. MutT specifically degrades 8-oxo-dGTP to the monophosphate; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. (129 aa)
dnaEDNA polymerase III alpha subunit; DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. The alpha chain is the DNA polymerase catalytic subunit. It is tethered to replicating DNA by the beta sliding clamp (dnaN), which confers extremely high processivity to the catalytic subunit, copying a 5.4 kb genome in 11 seconds, a speed of at least 500 nucleotides/second at 30 degrees Celsius. (1160 aa)
dnaQDNA polymerase III epsilon subunit; DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. The epsilon subunit contain the editing function and is a proofreading 3'- 5' exonuclease. Contacts both the beta sliding clamp (dnaN) and the polymerase subunit (dnaE), stabilizing their interaction. (243 aa)
dinBDNA polymerase IV; Poorly processive, error-prone DNA polymerase involved in translesion repair and untargeted mutagenesis. Copies undamaged DNA at stalled replication forks, which arise in vivo from mismatched or misaligned primer ends. These misaligned primers can be extended by Pol IV. Exhibits no 3'-5' exonuclease (proofreading) activity. Overexpression of Pol IV results in increased frameshift mutagenesis. It is required for stationary-phase adaptive mutation, which provides the bacterium with flexibility in dealing with environmental stress, enhancing long- term survival and evol [...] (351 aa)
sbcCExonuclease, dsDNA, ATP-dependent; SbcCD cleaves DNA hairpin structures. These structures can inhibit DNA replication and are intermediates in certain DNA recombination reactions. The complex acts as a 3'->5' double strand exonuclease that can open hairpins. It also has a 5' single-strand endonuclease activity. (1048 aa)
sbcDExonuclease, dsDNA, ATP-dependent; SbcCD cleaves DNA hairpin structures. These structures can inhibit DNA replication and are intermediates in certain DNA recombination reactions. The complex acts as a 3'->5' double strand exonuclease that can open hairpins. It also has a 5' single-strand endonuclease activity; Belongs to the SbcD family. (400 aa)
dnaXDNA polymerase III/DNA elongation factor III, tau and gamma subunits; Part of the beta sliding clamp loading complex, which hydrolyzes ATP to load the beta clamp onto primed DNA to form the DNA replication pre-initiation complex. DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3'-5' exonuclease activity. The gamma complex (gamma(3),delta,delta') is thought to load beta dimers onto DNA by binding ATP which alters the complex's conformation so it can bind beta sliding clamp dimers and open [...] (643 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Escherichia coli K12
NCBI taxonomy Id: 511145
Other names: E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. MG1655, Escherichia coli strain MG1655
Server load: low (10%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.