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tsaA tsaA tsaB tsaB cmoB cmoB dusC dusC rbn rbn truA truA mnmC mnmC tmcA tmcA rlmN rlmN iscS iscS trmJ trmJ tadA tadA rnc rnc trmN trmN trmD trmD truD truD truC truC rppH rppH ygfZ ygfZ trmI trmI cca cca tsaD tsaD truB truB dusB dusB tsaC tsaC tusB tusB tusC tusC tusD tusD rtcB rtcB tusA tusA trmL trmL trmH trmH rnpA rnpA mnmE mnmE mnmG mnmG trmA trmA rluF rluF dusA dusA queG queG tsaE tsaE miaA miaA rnd rnd rluA rluA rnt rnt ttcA ttcA mnmA mnmA rne rne tusE tusE smtA smtA miaB miaB tgt tgt tilS tilS
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tsaAtRNA-Thr(GGU) m(6)t(6)A37 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase responsible for the addition of the methyl group in the formation of N6-methyl-N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine at position 37 (m(6)t(6)A37) of the tRNA anticodon loop of tRNA(Thr)(GGU) that read codons starting with adenosine. The methyl group of m(6)t(6)A37 appears to slightly improve the efficiency of the tRNA decoding ability. Binds to tRNA. (235 aa)
tsaBtRNA(ANN) t(6)A37 threonylcarbamoyladenosine modification protein; Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37, together with TsaD and TsaE. TsaB seems to play an indirect role in the t(6)A biosynthesis pathway, possibly in regulating the core enzymatic function of TsaD. In fact, can act as a protease that specifically degrades TsaD in vitro; therefore TsaB may po [...] (231 aa)
cmoBtRNA (cmo5U34)-carboxymethyltransferase, carboxy-SAM-dependent; Catalyzes carboxymethyl transfer from carboxy-S-adenosyl-L- methionine (Cx-SAM) to 5-hydroxyuridine (ho5U) to form 5- carboxymethoxyuridine (cmo5U) at position 34 in tRNAs. Can also catalyze the SAM-dependent methylation of ho5U, with much lower efficiency. (323 aa)
dusCtRNA-dihydrouridine synthase C; Catalyzes the synthesis of 5,6-dihydrouridine (D), a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs, via the reduction of the C5-C6 double bond in target uridines. DusC specifically modifies U16 in tRNAs. (315 aa)
rbnRNase BN, tRNA processing enzyme; Zinc phosphodiesterase, which has both exoribonuclease and endoribonuclease activities, depending on the nature of the substrate and of the added divalent cation, and on its 3'-terminal structure. Can process the 3' termini of both CCA-less and CCA-containing tRNA precursors. CCA-less tRNAs are cleaved endonucleolytically after the discriminator base, whereas residues following the CCA sequence can be removed exonucleolytically or endonucleolytically in CCA-containing molecules. Does not remove the CCA sequence. May also be involved in the degradation [...] (305 aa)
truAtRNA pseudouridine(38-40) synthase; Formation of pseudouridine at positions 38, 39 and 40 in the anticodon stem and loop of transfer RNAs. (270 aa)
mnmCtRNA 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine biosynthesis bifunctional protein MnmC; Catalyzes the last two steps in the biosynthesis of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at the wobble position (U34) in tRNA. Catalyzes the FAD-dependent demodification of cmnm(5)s(2)U34 to nm(5)s(2)U34, followed by the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to nm(5)s(2)U34, to form mnm(5)s(2)U34; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. tRNA (mnm(5)s(2)U34)-methyltransferase family. (668 aa)
tmcAElongator methionine tRNA (ac4C34) acetyltransferase; Catalyzes the formation of N(4)-acetylcytidine (ac(4)C) at the wobble position of tRNA(Met), by using acetyl-CoA as an acetyl donor and ATP (or GTP). It recognizes the wobble base of tRNA(Met), thus distinguishing between tRNA(Met) and the structurally similar tRNA(Ile2). (671 aa)
rlmNDual specificity 23S rRNA m(2)A2503, tRNA m(2)A37 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates position 2 of adenine 2503 in 23S rRNA and position 2 of adenine 37 in tRNAs. m2A2503 modification seems to play a crucial role in the proofreading step occurring at the peptidyl transferase center and thus would serve to optimize ribosomal fidelity. Unmodified tRNA is not a suitable substrate for RlmN, which suggests that RlmN works in a late step during tRNA maturation. Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. RlmN family. (384 aa)
iscSCysteine desulfurase (tRNA sulfurtransferase), PLP-dependent; Master enzyme that delivers sulfur to a number of partners involved in Fe-S cluster assembly, tRNA modification or cofactor biosynthesis. Catalyzes the removal of elemental sulfur from cysteine to produce alanine. Functions as a sulfur delivery protein for Fe-S cluster synthesis onto IscU, an Fe-S scaffold assembly protein, as well as other S acceptor proteins. Preferentially binds to disordered IscU on which the Fe-S is assembled, IscU converts to the structured state and then dissociates from IscS to transfer the Fe-S to a [...] (404 aa)
trmJtRNA mC32,mU32 2'-O-methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Catalyzes the formation of 2'O-methylated cytidine (Cm32) or 2'O-methylated uridine (Um32) at position 32 in tRNA. Can also methylate adenosine or guanosine, even though these nucleosides are rare or absent at position 32 in the anticodon loop of tRNA. (246 aa)
tadAtRNA-specific adenosine deaminase; Catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine at the wobble position 34 of tRNA(Arg2). Essential for cell viability. Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family. (167 aa)
rncRNase III; Digests double-stranded RNA formed within single-strand substrates, but not RNA-DNA hybrids. Involved in the processing of rRNA precursors, viral transcripts, some mRNAs and at least 1 tRNA (metY, a minor form of tRNA-init-Met). Cleaves the 30S primary rRNA transcript to yield the immediate precursors to the 16S and 23S rRNAs; cleavage can occur in assembled 30S, 50S and even 70S subunits and is influenced by the presence of ribosomal proteins. The E.coli enzyme does not cleave R.capsulatus rRNA precursor, although R.capsulatus will complement an E.coli disruption, showing s [...] (226 aa)
trmNtRNA1(Val) (adenine(37)-N6)-methyltransferase; Specifically methylates the adenine in position 37 of tRNA(1)(Val) (anticodon cmo5UAC); Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. tRNA (adenine-N(6)-)-methyltransferase family. (245 aa)
trmDtRNA m(1)G37 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates guanosine-37 in various tRNAs. Belongs to the RNA methyltransferase TrmD family. (255 aa)
truDtRNA(Glu) pseudouridine(13) synthase; Responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-13 in transfer RNAs. (349 aa)
truCtRNA(Ile1,Asp) pseudouridine(65) synthase; Responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-65 in transfer RNAs; Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase RluA family. (260 aa)
rppHRNA pyrophosphohydrolase; Master regulator of 5'-end-dependent mRNA decay. Accelerates the degradation of transcripts by removing pyrophosphate from the 5'-end of triphosphorylated RNA, leading to a more labile monophosphorylated state that can stimulate subsequent ribonuclease cleavage. Preferentially hydrolyzes diadenosine penta-phosphate with ATP as one of the reaction products. Also able to hydrolyze diadenosine hexa- and tetra-phosphate. Has no activity on diadenosine tri-phosphate, ADP-ribose, NADH and UDP-glucose. In an RNase PH (rph) wild-type strain background, RppH is not req [...] (176 aa)
ygfZIron-sulfur cluster repair protein, plumbagin resistance; Folate-binding protein involved in regulating the level of ATP-DnaA and in the modification of some tRNAs. It is probably a key factor in regulatory networks that act via tRNA modification, such as initiation of chromosomal replication; Belongs to the tRNA-modifying YgfZ family. (326 aa)
trmItRNA m(7)G46 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA; Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TrmB family. (239 aa)
ccaFused tRNA nucleotidyl transferase/2'3'-cyclic phosphodiesterase/2'nucleotidase and phosphatase; Catalyzes the addition and repair of the essential 3'- terminal CCA sequence in tRNAs without using a nucleic acid template. Adds these three nucleotides in the order of C, C, and A to the tRNA nucleotide-73, using CTP and ATP as substrates and producing inorganic pyrophosphate. Also shows highest phosphatase activity in the presence of Ni(2+) and hydrolyzes pyrophosphate, canonical 5'-nucleoside tri- and diphosphates, NADP, and 2'-AMP with the production of Pi. Displays a metal-independent [...] (412 aa)
tsaDtRNA(ANN) t(6)A37 threonylcarbamoyladenosine modification protein; Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37, together with TsaE and TsaB. TsaD likely plays a direct catalytic role in this reaction. May also be involved in the metabolism of glycated proteins, but does not show sialoglycoprotease activity against glycophorin A. (337 aa)
truBtRNA pseudouridine synthase B; Responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-55 in the psi GC loop of transfer RNAs; Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruB family. Type 1 subfamily. (314 aa)
dusBtRNA-dihydrouridine synthase B; Catalyzes the synthesis of 5,6-dihydrouridine (D), a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs, via the reduction of the C5-C6 double bond in target uridines; Belongs to the Dus family. DusB subfamily. (321 aa)
tsaCThreonylcarbamoyl-AMP synthase; Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Catalyzes the conversion of L-threonine, HCO(3)(-)/CO(2) and ATP to give threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) as the acyladenylate intermediate, with the release of diphosphate. Is also able to catalyze the reverse reaction in vitro, i.e. the formation of ATP from TC-AMP and PPi. Shows higher affinity for the full-length tRNA(Thr) lacking only the t(6)A37 modification than for its fully modified counterpart. Could also [...] (190 aa)
tusBmnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA synthesis 2-thiolation protein; Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. (95 aa)
tusCmnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA synthesis 2-thiolation protein; Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. (119 aa)
tusDSulfurtransferase for 2-thiolation step of mnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA synthesis; Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. Accepts sulfur from TusA and transfers it in turn to TusE. (128 aa)
rtcBRNA-splicing ligase; GTP-dependent RNA ligase that is involved in tRNA splicing and RNA repair. Joins RNA with 2',3'-cyclic-phosphate or 3'-phosphate ends to RNA with 5'-hydroxy ends. Also acts as a DNA ligase in case of DNA damage by splicing 'dirty' DNA breaks, characterized by 3'- phosphate (or cyclic-phosphate) and 5'-hydroxy ends that cannot be sealed by classical DNA ligases. (408 aa)
tusAmnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA 2-thiolation sulfurtransferase; Sulfur carrier protein involved in sulfur trafficking in the cell. Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation during synthesis of 2-thiouridine of the modified wobble base 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) in tRNA. Interacts with IscS and stimulates its cysteine desulfurase activity. Accepts an activated sulfur from IscS, which is then transferred to TusD, and thus determines the direction of sulfur flow from IscS to 2-thiouridine formation. Also appears to be involved in sulfur transfer for the biosynthesi [...] (81 aa)
trmLtRNA Leu mC34,mU34 2'-O-methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Methylates the ribose at the nucleotide 34 wobble position in the two leucyl isoacceptors tRNA(Leu)(CmAA) and tRNA(Leu)(cmnm5UmAA). Catalyzes the methyl transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the 2'-OH of the wobble nucleotide. Recognition of the target requires a pyridine at position 34 and N(6)-(isopentenyl)-2-methylthioadenosine at position 37. (157 aa)
trmHtRNA mG18-2'-O-methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Catalyzes the 2'-O methylation of guanosine at position 18 in tRNA. Type II methylase, which methylates only a subset of tRNA species; Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase TrmH family. (229 aa)
rnpAProtein C5 component of RNase P; RNaseP catalyzes the removal of the 5'-leader sequence from pre-tRNA to produce the mature 5'-terminus. It can also cleave other RNA substrates such as 4.5S RNA. The protein component plays an auxiliary but essential role in vivo by binding to the 5'-leader sequence and broadening the substrate specificity of the ribozyme. (119 aa)
mnmEtRNA U34 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine modification GTPase; Exhibits a very high intrinsic GTPase hydrolysis rate. Involved in the addition of a carboxymethylaminomethyl (cmnm) group at the wobble position (U34) of certain tRNAs, forming tRNA- cmnm(5)s(2)U34. (454 aa)
mnmG5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine modification at tRNA U34; NAD-binding protein involved in the addition of a carboxymethylaminomethyl (cmnm) group at the wobble position (U34) of certain tRNAs, forming tRNA-cmnm(5)s(2)U34. (629 aa)
trmAtRNA m(5)U54 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Dual-specificity methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of 5-methyluridine at position 54 (m5U54) in all tRNAs, and that of position 341 (m5U341) in tmRNA (transfer-mRNA). (366 aa)
rluF23S rRNA pseudouridine(2604) synthase; Dual specificity enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-2604 in 23S ribosomal RNA and from uracil-35 in the anticodon of tRNA(Tyr). Can, to a small extent, also react with uracil-2605. Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase RsuA family. (290 aa)
dusAtRNA-dihydrouridine synthase A; Catalyzes the synthesis of 5,6-dihydrouridine (D), a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs, via the reduction of the C5-C6 double bond in target uridines. Specifically modifies U20 and U20a in tRNAs; Belongs to the Dus family. DusA subfamily. (345 aa)
queGEpoxyqueuosine reductase, cobalamine-stimulated; Catalyzes the conversion of epoxyqueuosine (oQ) to queuosine (Q), which is a hypermodified base found in the wobble positions of tRNA(Asp), tRNA(Asn), tRNA(His) and tRNA(Tyr). (379 aa)
tsaEtRNA(ANN) t(6)A37 threonylcarbamoyladenosine modification protein; Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37, together with TsaD and TsaB. TsaE seems to play an indirect role in the t(6)A biosynthesis pathway, possibly in regulating the core enzymatic function of TsaD. Displays ATPase activity in vitro. (153 aa)
miaADelta(2)-isopentenylpyrophosphate tRNA-adenosine transferase; Catalyzes the transfer of a dimethylallyl group onto the adenine at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with uridine, leading to the formation of N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i(6)A); Belongs to the IPP transferase family. (316 aa)
rndRibonuclease D; Exonuclease involved in the 3' processing of various precursor tRNAs. Initiates hydrolysis at the 3'-terminus of an RNA molecule and releases 5'-mononucleotides; Belongs to the RNase D family. (375 aa)
rluADual-specificity RNA pseudouridine synthase RluA; Dual specificity enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-746 in 23S ribosomal RNA and from uracil-32 in the anticodon stem and loop of transfer RNAs. (219 aa)
rntRNase T; Trims short 3' overhangs of a variety of RNA species, leaving a one or two nucleotide 3' overhang. Responsible for the end-turnover of tRNA: specifically removes the terminal AMP residue from uncharged tRNA (tRNA-C-C-A). Also appears to be involved in tRNA biosynthesis, especially in strains lacking other exoribonucleases. (215 aa)
ttcAtRNA s(2)C32 thioltransferase, iron sulfur cluster protein; Catalyzes the ATP-dependent 2-thiolation of cytidine in position 32 of tRNA, to form 2-thiocytidine (s(2)C32). The sulfur atoms are provided by the cysteine/cysteine desulfurase (IscS) system. Belongs to the TtcA family. (311 aa)
mnmAtRNA(Gln,Lys,Glu) U34 2-thiouridylase; Catalyzes the 2-thiolation of uridine at the wobble position (U34) of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln), leading to the formation of s(2)U34, the first step of tRNA-mnm(5)s(2)U34 synthesis. Sulfur is provided by IscS, via a sulfur-relay system. Binds ATP and its substrate tRNAs. (368 aa)
rneEndoribonuclease; Endoribonuclease that plays a central role in RNA processing and decay. Required for the maturation of 5S and 16S rRNAs and the majority of tRNAs. Also involved in the degradation of most mRNAs. Can also process other RNA species, such as RNAI, a molecule that controls the replication of ColE1 plasmid, and the cell division inhibitor DicF- RNA. It initiates the decay of RNAs by cutting them internally near their 5'-end. It is able to remove poly(A) tails by an endonucleolytic process. Required to initiate rRNA degradation during both starvation and quality control; ac [...] (1061 aa)
tusEmnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA 2-thiolation sulfurtransferase; Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. Could accept sulfur from TusD. (109 aa)
smtAPutative S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase; Catalyzes the methylation of 5-carboxymethoxyuridine (cmo5U) to form 5-methoxycarbonylmethoxyuridine (mcmo5U) at position 34 in tRNAs. Four tRNAs (tRNA(Ala1), tRNA(Ser1), tRNA(Pro3) and tRNA(Thr4)) are fully modified with mcmo5U in stationary-phase E.coli. Also present at low frequency in tRNA(Leu3) and tRNA(Val1). (261 aa)
miaBtRNA-i(6)A37 methylthiotransferase; Catalyzes the methylthiolation of N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i(6)A), leading to the formation of 2-methylthio-N6- (dimethylallyl)adenosine (ms(2)i(6)A) at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with uridine. (474 aa)
tgttRNA-guanine transglycosylase; Catalyzes the base-exchange of a guanine (G) residue with the queuine precursor 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine (PreQ1) at position 34 (anticodon wobble position) in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr). Catalysis occurs through a double-displacement mechanism. The nucleophile active site attacks the C1' of nucleotide 34 to detach the guanine base from the RNA, forming a covalent enzyme-RNA intermediate. The proton acceptor active site deprotonates the incoming PreQ1, allowing a nucleophilic attack on the C1' of the ribose to form the [...] (375 aa)
tilStRNA(Ile)-lysidine synthetase; Ligates lysine onto the cytidine present at position 34 of the AUA codon-specific tRNA(Ile) that contains the anticodon CAU, in an ATP-dependent manner. Cytidine is converted to lysidine, thus changing the amino acid specificity of the tRNA from methionine to isoleucine. This enzyme is essential for viability. (432 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Escherichia coli K12
NCBI taxonomy Id: 511145
Other names: E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. MG1655, Escherichia coli strain MG1655
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