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aceB | Malate synthase A; Protein involved in glyoxylate cycle. (533 aa) | ||||
yagU | DUF1440 family inner membrane acid resistance protein. (204 aa) | ||||
cydA | Cytochrome d terminal oxidase, subunit I; A terminal oxidase that produces a proton motive force by the vectorial transfer of protons across the inner membrane. It is the component of the aerobic respiratory chain of E.coli that predominates when cells are grown at low aeration. Generates a proton motive force using protons and electrons from opposite sides of the membrane to generate H(2)O, transferring 1 proton/electron. Belongs to the cytochrome ubiquinol oxidase subunit 1 family. (522 aa) | ||||
potA | Spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter ATPase; Part of the ABC transporter complex PotABCD involved in spermidine/putrescine import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Spermidine/putrescine importer (TC 3.A.1.11.1) family. (378 aa) | ||||
ymgA | RcsB connector protein for regulation of biofilm; Probably a connector protein for RcsB/C regulation of biofilm formation, providing additional signal input into the two-component signaling pathway. May serve to stimulate biofilm maturation, probably via the Rcs phosphorelay. Mild overexpression at 16 degrees Celsius increases the production of colanic acid, an exopolysaccharide and matrix component, and reduces adhesive curli fimbriae expression. Both of these effects require RcsB. (90 aa) | ||||
ariR | RcsB connector protein for regulation of biofilm and acid-resistance; Probably a connector protein for RcsB/C regulation of biofilm and acid-resistance, providing additional signal input into the two- component signaling pathway. May serve to stimulate biofilm maturation, via the Rcs phosphorelay. Regulates expression of genes involved in acid-resistance and biofilm formation, including the RcsB/C two- component system. May be a non-specific DNA-binding protein that binds genes and/or intergenic regions via a geometric recognition. Also confers resistance to H(2)O(2). Overexpression at [...] (88 aa) | ||||
ymgC | Blue light, low temperature and stress induced protein. (82 aa) | ||||
osmB | Osmotically and stress inducible lipoprotein; Provides resistance to osmotic stress. May be important for stationary-phase survival. (72 aa) | ||||
bdm | Biofilm-dependent modulation protein. (71 aa) | ||||
sad | Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, NAD(P)+-dependent; Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of succinate semialdehyde to succinate. It acts preferentially with NAD as cosubstrate but can also use NADP. Prevents the toxic accumulation of succinate semialdehyde (SSA) and plays an important role when arginine and putrescine are used as the sole nitrogen or carbon sources. (462 aa) | ||||
rcsA | Transcriptional regulator of colanic acid capsular biosynthesis; Component of the Rcs signaling system, which controls transcription of numerous genes. Binds, with RcsB, to the RcsAB box to regulate expression of genes involved in colanic acid capsule synthesis. (207 aa) | ||||
rcsB | Response regulator in two-component regulatory system with RcsC and YojN; Component of the Rcs signaling system, which controls transcription of numerous genes. RcsB is the response regulator that binds to regulatory DNA regions. Can function both in an RcsA-dependent or RcsA-independent manner. The system regulates expression of numerous genes, including genes involved in colanic acid capsule synthesis, biofilm formation, cell division and outer membrane proteins synthesis. Also involved, with GadE, in control of glutamate-dependent acid resistance, and, with BglJ, in derepression of [...] (216 aa) | ||||
grcA | Autonomous glycyl radical cofactor; Acts as a radical domain for damaged PFL and possibly other radical proteins. (127 aa) | ||||
ygaC | Uncharacterized protein. (114 aa) | ||||
nrdH | Hydrogen donor for NrdEF electron transport system; Electron transport system for the ribonucleotide reductase system NrdEF; Belongs to the glutaredoxin family. (81 aa) | ||||
nrdI | NrdEF cluster assembly flavodoxin; Probably involved in ribonucleotide reductase function. Belongs to the NrdI family. (136 aa) | ||||
ygiN | Quinol monooxygenase; Can oxidize menadiol to menadione. (104 aa) | ||||
alx | Putative membrane-bound redox modulator; Has been proposed to be a redox modulator. (321 aa) | ||||
yhcN | Cadmium and peroxide resistance protein, stress-induced. (87 aa) | ||||
glpD | Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, aerobic, FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Conversion of glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone. Uses molecular oxygen or nitrate as electron acceptor. (501 aa) | ||||
gadE | Gad regulon transcriptional activator; Regulates the expression of several genes involved in acid resistance. Required for the expression of gadA and gadBC, among others, regardless of media or growth conditions. Binds directly to the 20 bp GAD box found in the control regions of both loci. (175 aa) | ||||
gadA | Glutamate decarboxylase A, PLP-dependent; Converts glutamate to gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA), consuming one intracellular proton in the reaction. The gad system helps to maintain a near-neutral intracellular pH when cells are exposed to extremely acidic conditions. The ability to survive transit through the acidic conditions of the stomach is essential for successful colonization of the mammalian host by commensal and pathogenic bacteria. (466 aa) | ||||
dppA | Dipeptide/heme ABC transporter periplasmic binding protein; Dipeptide-binding protein of a transport system that can be subject to osmotic shock. DppA is also required for peptide chemotaxis; Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 5 family. (535 aa) | ||||
yhjX | Pyruvate-inducible inner membrane protein, putative transporter; Part of a nutrient-sensing regulatory network composed of the two-component regulatory systems BtsS/BtsR and YpdA/YpdB, and their respective target proteins, BtsT and YhjX. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (402 aa) | ||||
aceA | Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates. (434 aa) | ||||
adiY | Adi system transcriptional activator; Putative ARAC-type regulatory protein; Protein involved in transcription activator activity and transcription. (253 aa) | ||||
cadC | cadBA operon transcriptional activator; Required for Pcad induction, a promoter upstream of cadBA that is responsible for the pH-regulated expression of CadA and CadB. Probably acts as an activating transcription factor. (512 aa) | ||||
yjeI | DUF4156 family lipoprotein. (117 aa) | ||||
fimB | Tyrosine recombinase/inversion of on/off regulator of fimA; FimB is one of the 2 regulatory proteins which control the phase variation of type 1 fimbriae in E.coli. These proteins mediate the periodic inversion of a 300bp DNA segment that harbors the promoter for the fimbrial structural gene, FimA. FimB switches FimA on. (200 aa) | ||||
osmY | Salt-inducible putative ABC transporter periplasmic binding protein; Hyperosmotically inducible periplasmic protein; Protein involved in response to osmotic stress. (201 aa) | ||||
cpxP | Inhibitor of the cpx response; Acts as an auxiliary protein in the Cpx two-component envelope stress response system, helping modulate the Cpx response systems response to some inducers. Binds the periplasmic domain of sensor histidine kinase CpxA, inhibiting induction of the Cpx envelope stress response in the absence of inducer; overexpression decreases Cpx pathway activity. Some periplasmic stimulii (shown for P pili subunit PapE and probably 0.3 M NaCl) increase CpxP's susceptibility to DegP, leading to CpxP degradation, inducing the Cpx pathway. Aids in combating extracytoplasmic [...] (166 aa) |