Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Transcriptional repressor-activator for carbon metabolism; Global transcriptional regulator, which plays an important role in the regulation of carbon metabolism. Activates transcription of genes encoding biosynthetic and oxidative enzymes (involved in Krebs cycle, glyoxylate shunt and gluconeogenesis, such as ppsA and fbp). Represses genes involved in sugar catabolism, such as fruB, pfkA, pykF and adhE. Binds asymmetrically to the two half-sites of its operator.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

cAMP-activated global transcription factor, mediator of catabolite repression; A global transcription regulator. Complexes with cyclic AMP (cAMP) which allosterically activates DNA binding (to consensus sequence 5'-AAATGTGATCTAGATCACATTT-3') to directly regulate the transcription of about 300 genes in about 200 operons and indirectly regulate the expression of about half the genome. There are 3 classes of CRP promoters; class I promoters have a single CRP-binding site upstream of the RNA polymerase (RNAP)-binding site, whereas in class II promoters the single CRP- and RNAP-binding site [...]

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

KHG/KDPG aldolase; Involved in the degradation of glucose via the Entner- Doudoroff pathway. Catalyzes the reversible, stereospecific retro-aldol cleavage of 2-Keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (KDPG) to pyruvate and D- glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. In the synthetic direction, it catalyzes the addition of pyruvate to electrophilic aldehydes with si-facial selectivity. It accepts some nucleophiles other than pyruvate, including 2-oxobutanoate, phenylpyruvate, and fluorobutanoate. It has a preference for the S-configuration at C2 of the electrophile.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Citrate synthase; Protein involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle and anaerobic respiration; Belongs to the citrate synthase family.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Glutamate synthase, large subunit; Catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate into two molecules of L-glutamate.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating; Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase, specific for NADP+; Protein involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle and anaerobic respiration; Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine cleavage system as well as of the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Malate dehydrogenase, NAD(P)-binding; Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

6-phosphofructokinase I; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Prokaryotic clade 'B1' sub- subfamily.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Fused glucose-specific PTS enzymes: IIB component/IIC component; The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II complex composed of PtsG and Crr is involved in glucose transport. Also functions as a chemoreceptor monitoring the environment for changes in sugar concentration and an effector modulating the activity of the transcriptional repressor Mlc.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Pyruvate kinase I (formerly F), fructose stimulated; Protein involved in glycolysis, fermentation and anaerobic respiration.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

RNA polymerase, sigma S (sigma 38) factor; Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is the master transcriptional regulator of the stationary phase and the general stress response. Controls, positively or negatively, the expression of several hundred genes, which are mainly involved in metabolism, transport, regulation and stress management.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Succinate dehydrogenase, membrane subunit, binds cytochrome b556; Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH); Belongs to the cytochrome b560 family.

Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates.

Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 6- phosphogluconolactone; Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family.

Ammonium transporter; Involved in the uptake of ammonia; Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.

Glutamate dehydrogenase, NADP-specific; Catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to alpha-ketoglutarate and ammonia; Belongs to the Glu/Leu/Phe/Val dehydrogenases family.

Ammonium transporter; Involved in the uptake of ammonia; Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.

Glutamine synthetase; Catalyzes the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia.

Ammonium transporter; Involved in the uptake of ammonia; Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.

Regulatory protein P-II for glutamine synthetase; P-II indirectly controls the transcription of the glutamine synthetase gene (glnA). P-II prevents NR-II-catalyzed conversion of NR- I to NR-I-phosphate, the transcriptional activator of GlnA. When P-II is uridylylated to P-II-UMP, these events are reversed. When the ratio of Gln to 2-ketoglutarate decreases, P-II is uridylylated to P-II-UMP, which causes the deadenylation of glutamine synthetase by GlnE, so activating the enzyme; Belongs to the P(II) protein family.

Ammonium transporter; Involved in the uptake of ammonia; Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.

Uridylyltransferase; Modifies, by uridylylation and deuridylylation, the PII regulatory proteins GlnB and GlnK, in response to the nitrogen status of the cell that GlnD senses through the glutamine level. Under low glutamine levels, catalyzes the conversion of the PII proteins and UTP to PII-UMP and PPi, while under higher glutamine levels, GlnD hydrolyzes PII-UMP to PII and UMP (deuridylylation). Thus, controls uridylylation state and activity of the PII proteins, and plays an important role in the regulation of nitrogen assimilation and metabolism.

Ammonium transporter; Involved in the uptake of ammonia; Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.

Fused deadenylyltransferase/adenylyltransferase for glutamine synthetase; Involved in the regulation of glutamine synthetase GlnA, a key enzyme in the process to assimilate ammonia. When cellular nitrogen levels are high, the C-terminal adenylyl transferase inactivates GlnA by covalent transfer of an adenylyl group from ATP to 'Tyr-398' of GlnA, thus reducing its activity. Conversely, when nitrogen levels are low, the N- terminal adenylyl removase (AR) activates GlnA by removing the adenylyl group by phosphorolysis, increasing its activity. The regulatory region of GlnE binds the signa [...]