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aceB | Malate synthase A; Protein involved in glyoxylate cycle. (533 aa) | ||||
dapD | 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2-carboxylate N-succinyltransferase; Protein involved in lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate; Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family. (274 aa) | ||||
moaE | Molybdopterin synthase, large subunit; Converts molybdopterin precursor Z to molybdopterin. This requires the incorporation of two sulfur atoms into precursor Z to generate a dithiolene group. The sulfur is provided by MoaD. (150 aa) | ||||
poxB | Pyruvate dehydrogenase, thiamine triphosphate-binding, FAD-binding; Pyruvate oxidase; Protein involved in carbohydrate catabolic process and pyruvate catabolic process; Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. (572 aa) | ||||
pflB | Formate acetyltransferase 1; Protein involved in anaerobic respiration and cellular amino acid catabolic process. (760 aa) | ||||
focA | Formate channel; Involved in the bidirectional transport of formate; Belongs to the FNT transporter (TC 2.A.44) family. (285 aa) | ||||
grxB | Glutaredoxin 2 (Grx2); Involved in reducing some disulfide bonds in a coupled system with glutathione reductase. Does not act as hydrogen donor for ribonucleotide reductase. (215 aa) | ||||
ptsG | Fused glucose-specific PTS enzymes: IIB component/IIC component; The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II complex composed of PtsG and Crr is involved in glucose transport. Also functions as a chemoreceptor monitoring the environment for changes in sugar concentration and an effector modulating the activity of the transcriptional repressor Mlc. (477 aa) | ||||
icd | Isocitrate dehydrogenase, specific for NADP+; Protein involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle and anaerobic respiration; Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family. (416 aa) | ||||
adhE | Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase [acetylating]; This enzyme has three activities: ADH, ACDH, and PFL- deactivase. In aerobic conditions it acts as a hydrogen peroxide scavenger. The PFL deactivase activity catalyzes the quenching of the pyruvate-formate-lyase catalyst in an iron, NAD, and CoA dependent reaction; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. (891 aa) | ||||
ldhA | Fermentative D-lactate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent; Fermentative lactate dehydrogenase; Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. (329 aa) | ||||
marA | Multiple antibiotic resistance transcriptional regulator; May be a transcriptional activator of genes involved in the multiple antibiotic resistance (Mar) phenotype. It can also activate genes such as sodA, zwf and micF. (127 aa) | ||||
pykF | Pyruvate kinase I (formerly F), fructose stimulated; Protein involved in glycolysis, fermentation and anaerobic respiration. (470 aa) | ||||
pfkB | 6-phosphofructokinase II; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. (309 aa) | ||||
astD | Succinylglutamic semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent reduction of succinylglutamate semialdehyde into succinylglutamate. Also shows activity with decanal or succinic semialdehyde as the electron donor and NAD as the electron acceptor. No activity is detected with NADP as the electron acceptor. Therefore, is an aldehyde dehydrogenase with broad substrate specificity. (492 aa) | ||||
pykA | Pyruvate kinase II, glucose stimulated; Protein involved in glycolysis, fermentation and anaerobic respiration. (480 aa) | ||||
fliD | Flagellar filament capping protein; Required for the morphogenesis and for the elongation of the flagellar filament by facilitating polymerization of the flagellin monomers at the tip of growing filament. Forms a capping structure, which prevents flagellin subunits (transported through the central channel of the flagellum) from leaking out without polymerization at the distal end; Belongs to the FliD family. (468 aa) | ||||
mqo | Malate dehydrogenase, FAD/NAD(P)-binding domain; Protein involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle. (548 aa) | ||||
nuoC | NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, fused CD subunit; NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family. (596 aa) | ||||
ackA | Acetate kinase A and propionate kinase 2; Catalyzes the formation of acetyl phosphate from acetate and ATP. Can also catalyze the reverse reaction. During anaerobic growth of the organism, this enzyme is also involved in the synthesis of most of the ATP formed catabolically; Belongs to the acetokinase family. (400 aa) | ||||
pta | Phosphate acetyltransferase; Involved in acetate metabolism. Catalyzes the reversible interconversion of acetyl-CoA and acetyl phosphate. The direction of the overall reaction changes depending on growth conditions. On minimal medium acetyl-CoA is generated. In rich medium acetyl-CoA is converted to acetate and allowing the cell to dump the excess of acetylation potential in exchange for energy in the form of ATP. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the CobB/CobQ family. (714 aa) | ||||
glk | Glucokinase; Not highly important in E.coli as glucose is transported into the cell by the PTS system already as glucose 6-phosphate. (321 aa) | ||||
ptsH | Phosphohistidinoprotein-hexose phosphotransferase component of PTS system (Hpr); General (non sugar-specific) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS). This major carbohydrate active-transport system catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is transferred to the phosphoryl carrier protein HPr by enzyme I. Phospho-HPr then transfers it to the PTS EIIA domain. (85 aa) | ||||
ptsI | PEP-protein phosphotransferase of PTS system (enzyme I); General (non sugar-specific) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS). This major carbohydrate active-transport system catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. Enzyme I transfers the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to the phosphoryl carrier protein (HPr). Can also use (Z)-3-fluoro-PEP (ZFPEP), (Z)-3-methyl- PEP (ZMePEP), (Z)-3-chloro-PEP (ZClPEP) and (E)-3-chloro-PEP (EClPEP) as alte [...] (575 aa) | ||||
crr | Glucose-specific enzyme IIA component of PTS; The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II complex composed of PtsG and Crr is involved in glucose transport. The non-phosphorylated EIII-Glc is an inhibitor for uptake of certain sugars such as maltose, melibiose, lactose, and glycerol. Phosphorylated EIII-Glc, however, may be an activator for adenylate cyclase. It is an im [...] (169 aa) | ||||
eutE | Aldehyde oxidoreductase, ethanolamine utilization protein; May act as an acetaldehyde dehydrogenase that converts acetaldehyde into acetyl-CoA. (467 aa) | ||||
dapA | Dihydrodipicolinate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of (S)-aspartate-beta-semialdehyde [(S)-ASA] and pyruvate to 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate (HTPA). Belongs to the DapA family. (292 aa) | ||||
hyfF | Hydrogenase 4, membrane subunit; Possible component of hydrogenase 4. Belongs to the complex I subunit 5 family. (526 aa) | ||||
ygfT | Putative oxidoreductase, Fe-S subunit. (639 aa) | ||||
ttdT | L-tartrate/succinate antiporte; Catalyzes the uptake of tartrate in exchange for intracellular succinate. Essential for anaerobic L-tartrate fermentation; Belongs to the SLC13A/DASS transporter (TC 2.A.47) family. DIT1 subfamily. (487 aa) | ||||
yhcA | Putative periplasmic chaperone protein; Could be required for the biogenesis of a putative fimbria. Belongs to the periplasmic pilus chaperone family. (224 aa) | ||||
mdh | Malate dehydrogenase, NAD(P)-binding; Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate. (312 aa) | ||||
argD | Bifunctional acetylornithine aminotransferase and succinyldiaminopimelate aminotransferase; Involved in both the arginine and lysine biosynthetic pathways; Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. ArgD subfamily. (406 aa) | ||||
pck | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [ATP]; Involved in the gluconeogenesis. Catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) through direct phosphoryl transfer between the nucleoside triphosphate and OAA. Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) family. (540 aa) | ||||
aldB | Aldehyde dehydrogenase B; Catalyzes the NADP-dependent oxidation of diverse aldehydes such as chloroacetaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, benzaldehyde, mafosfamide, 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide. Its preferred substrates are acetaldehyde and chloroacetaldehyde. (512 aa) | ||||
ppc | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; Forms oxaloacetate, a four-carbon dicarboxylic acid source for the tricarboxylic acid cycle. (883 aa) | ||||
aceA | Isocitrate lyase; Involved in the metabolic adaptation in response to environmental changes. Catalyzes the reversible formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle during growth on fatty acid substrates. (434 aa) | ||||
iclR | Transcriptional repressor; Regulation of the glyoxylate bypass operon (aceBAK), which encodes isocitrate lyase, malate synthase as well as isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphorylase. Glyoxylate disrupts the interaction with the promoter by favoring the inactive dimeric form. Pyruvate enhances promoter binding by stabilizing the tetrameric form. (274 aa) | ||||
frdA | Anaerobic fumarate reductase catalytic and NAD/flavoprotein subunit; Two distinct, membrane-bound, FAD-containing enzymes are responsible for the catalysis of fumarate and succinate interconversion; the fumarate reductase is used in anaerobic growth, and the succinate dehydrogenase is used in aerobic growth. Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily. (602 aa) |