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hsdR hsdR yoeB yoeB chpB chpB tufB tufB rpsL rpsL rpsG rpsG fusA fusA tufA tufA rplB rplB higB higB mazE mazE mazF mazF ompC ompC yefM yefM lpp lpp relE relE ompA ompA ompF ompF rpsA rpsA ompX ompX ompT ompT tig tig lacZ lacZ dinJ dinJ yafQ yafQ rnhA rnhA tsf tsf
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
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hsdREndonuclease R Type I restriction enzyme; The EcoKI enzyme recognizes 5'-AACN(6)GTGC-3'. Subunit R is required for both nuclease and ATPase activities, but not for modification; Belongs to the HsdR family. (1170 aa)
yoeBToxin of the YoeB-YefM toxin-antitoxin system; Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Its mode of function is controversial; it has been proposed to be an mRNA interferase but also an inhibitor of translation initiation. When overproduced in wild-type cells, inhibits bacterial growth and translation by cleavage of mRNA molecules while it has a weak effect on colony forming ability. Overproduction of Lon protease specifically activates YoeB-dependent mRNA cleavage, leading to lethality. YefM binds to the promoter region of the yefM-yeoB operon to repress transcription [...] (84 aa)
chpBToxin of the ChpB-ChpS toxin-antitoxin system; Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. ChpB is a sequence-specific mRNA and (weak) tmRNA endoribonuclease that inhibits protein synthesis and induces bacterial stasis. Cleavage is independent of the ribosome. Cleavage occurs at ACY sequences where Y is not C. The endoribonuclease activity is not as strong as that of MazF. The endoribonuclease activity (a toxin) is inhibited by its labile cognate antitoxin ChpS. Toxicity results when the levels of ChpS decrease in the cell, leading to mRNA degradation. Both ChpS and ChpB [...] (116 aa)
tufBTranslation elongation factor EF-Tu 2; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. Plays a stimulatory role in trans-translation, binds tmRNA. (Microbial infection) Upon infection by bacteriophage Qbeta, part of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex. With EF-Ts may provide a stabilizing scaffold for the beta (catalytic) subunit. Helps separate the double-stranded RNA of the template and growing RNA during elongation. With the beta subunit helps form the exit tunnel for template RNA. The GTPase acti [...] (394 aa)
rpsL30S ribosomal subunit protein S12; With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Cryo-EM studies suggest that S12 contacts the EF-Tu bound tRNA in the A-site during codon-recognition. This contact is most likely broken as the aminoacyl-tRNA moves into the peptidyl transferase center in the 50S subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family. (124 aa)
rpsG30S ribosomal subunit protein S7; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. Is located at the subunit interface close to the decoding center, where it has been shown to contact mRNA. Has been shown to contact tRNA in both the P and E sites; it probably blocks exit of the E site tRNA. (179 aa)
fusAProtein chain elongation factor EF-G, GTP-binding; Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase f [...] (704 aa)
tufATranslation elongation factor EF-Tu 1; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. Plays a stimulatory role in trans-translation; binds tmRNA. (Microbial infection) Upon infection by bacteriophage Qbeta, part of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex. With EF-Ts may provide a stabilizing scaffold for the beta (catalytic) subunit. Helps separate the double-stranded RNA of the template and growing RNA during elongation. With the beta subunit helps form the exit tunnel for template RNA. (Microbial infe [...] (394 aa)
rplB50S ribosomal subunit protein L2; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins. Located near the base of the L1 stalk, it is probably also mobile. Required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation. It has been suggested to have peptidyltransferase activity; this is highly controversial. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family. (273 aa)
higBmRNA interferase toxin of the HigB-HigA toxin-antitoxin system; Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. A probable translation-dependent mRNA interferase. Overexpression causes cessation of cell growth and inhibits cell proliferation via inhibition of translation; this blockage is overcome by subsequent expression of antitoxin HigA. Overexpression causes cleavage of a number of mRNAs in a translation-dependent fashion, suggesting this is an mRNA interferase. mRNA interferases play a role in bacterial persistence to antibiotics; overexpression of this protein induces p [...] (104 aa)
mazEAntitoxin of the ChpA-ChpR toxin-antitoxin system; Antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Labile antitoxin that binds to the MazF endoribonuclease toxin and neutralizes its endoribonuclease activity. Is considered to be an 'addiction' molecule as the cell dies in its absence. Toxicity results when the levels of MazE decrease in the cell, leading to mRNA degradation. This effect can be rescued by expression of MazE, but after 6 hours in rich medium the overexpression of MazF leads to programmed cell death. Cell growth and viability are not affected when MazF and M [...] (82 aa)
mazFmRNA interferase toxin, antitoxin is MazE; Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. A sequence-specific endoribonuclease it inhibits protein synthesis by cleaving mRNA and inducing bacterial stasis. It is stable, single- strand specific with mRNA cleavage independent of the ribosome, although translation enhances cleavage for some mRNAs. Cleavage occurs at the 5'-end of ACA sequences, yielding a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and a free 5'-OH, although cleavage can also occur on the 3'-end of the first A. Digests 16S rRNA in vivo 43 nts upstream of the C- terminus; this remove [...] (111 aa)
ompCOuter membrane porin protein C; Forms pores that allow passive diffusion of small molecules across the outer membrane. (Microbial infection) A mixed OmpC-OmpF heterotrimer is the outer membrane receptor for toxin CdiA-EC536; polymorphisms in extracellular loops 4 and 5 of OmpC confer susceptibility to CdiA- EC536-mediated toxicity; Belongs to the Gram-negative porin family. (367 aa)
yefMAntitoxin of the YoeB-YefM toxin-antitoxin system; Antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Antitoxin that counteracts the effect of the YoeB toxin. YefM binds to the promoter region of the yefM-yeoB operon to repress transcription, YeoB acts as a corepressor. (83 aa)
lppMurein lipoprotein; An outer membrane lipoprotein that controls the distance between the inner and outer membranes; adding residues to Lpp increases the width of the periplasm. The only protein known to be covalently linked to the peptidoglycan network (PGN). Also non-covalently binds the PGN. The link between the cell outer membrane and PGN contributes to the maintenance of the structural and functional integrity of the cell envelope, and maintains the correct distance between the PGN and the outer membrane. The most adundant cellular protein, there can be up to 10(6) Lpp molecules pe [...] (78 aa)
relEQin prophage; Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. A sequence-specific, ribosome-dependent mRNA endoribonuclease that inhibits translation during amino acid starvation (the stringent response). In vitro acts by cleaving mRNA with high codon specificity in the ribosomal A site between positions 2 and 3. The stop codon UAG is cleaved at a fast rate while UAA and UGA are cleaved with intermediate and slow rates. In vitro mRNA cleavage can also occur in the ribosomal E site after peptide release from peptidyl- tRNA in the P site as well as on free 30S subunits. In vivo [...] (95 aa)
ompAOuter membrane protein A (3a;II*;G;d); With TolR probably plays a role in maintaining the position of the peptidoglycan cell wall in the periplasm (Probable). Plays a role in resistance to environmental stress, and a role in outer membrane functionality and cell shape. Non-covalently binds peptidoglycan (Probable). Acts as a porin with low permeability that allows slow penetration of small solutes. A very abundant protein, there can be up to 210,000 OmpA molecules per cell. Reconstitution in unilamellar lipid vesicles shows only about 3% of the protein is in an open conformation, whic [...] (346 aa)
ompFOuter membrane porin 1a (Ia;b;F); Forms pores that allow passive diffusion of small molecules across the outer membrane. (Microbial infection) A mixed OmpC-OmpF heterotrimer is the outer membrane receptor for toxin CdiA-EC536; polymorphisms in extracellular loops 4 and 5 of OmpC confer susceptibility to CdiA- EC536-mediated toxicity; Belongs to the Gram-negative porin family. (362 aa)
rpsA30S ribosomal subunit protein S1; Required for translation of most natural mRNAs except for leaderless mRNA. Binds mRNA upstream of the Shine- Dalgarno (SD) sequence and helps it bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit; acts as an RNA chaperone to unfold structured mRNA on the ribosome but is not essential for mRNAs with strong SDs and little 5'-UTR structure, thus it may help fine-tune which mRNAs that are translated. Unwinds dsRNA by binding to transiently formed ssRNA regions; binds about 10 nucleotides. Has a preference for polypyrimidine tracts. Negatively autoregulates its own translat [...] (557 aa)
ompXOuter membrane protein X; Belongs to the outer membrane OOP (TC 1.B.6) superfamily. OmpX family. (171 aa)
ompTDLP12 prophage; Protease that can cleave T7 RNA polymerase, ferric enterobactin receptor protein (FEP), antimicrobial peptide protamine and other proteins. This protease has a specificity for paired basic residues. (317 aa)
tigPeptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (trigger factor); Involved in protein export. Acts as a chaperone by maintaining the newly synthesized secretory and non-secretory proteins in an open conformation. Binds to 3 regions of unfolded substrate PhoA, preferring aromatic and hydrophobic residues, keeping it stretched out and unable to form aggregates. Binds to nascent polypeptide chains via ribosomal protein L23. Functions as a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase in vitro, this activity is dispensible in vivo for chaperone activity. Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. Tig subfamily. (432 aa)
lacZbeta-D-galactosidase; Protein involved in carbohydrate catabolic process; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 2 family. (1024 aa)
dinJAntitoxin of YafQ-DinJ toxin-antitoxin system; Antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. A labile antitoxin that counteracts the effect of cognate toxin YafQ. YafQ and DinJ together bind their own promoter, and repress its expression. There are 2 operators with imperfect inverted repeats (IR) in the dinJ promoter, YafQ-(DinJ)2-YafQ only binds to the first (most upstream) of them to repress transcription; binding to a single IR is sufficient for activity in vivo and in vitro. DinJ alone is as potent a transcriptional repressor as the heterotetramer and also only need [...] (86 aa)
yafQmRNA interferase toxin of toxin-antitoxin pair YafQ/DinJ; Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. A sequence-specific mRNA endoribonuclease that inhibits translation elongation and induces bacterial stasis. Cleavage occurs between the second and third residue of the Lys codon followed by a G or A (5'AAA(G/A)3'), is reading-frame dependent and occurs within the 5' end of most mRNAs. Ribosome-binding confers the sequence specificity and reading frame- dependence. When overexpressed in liquid media YafQ partially inhibits protein synthesis, with a reduction in growth rat [...] (92 aa)
rnhARibonuclease HI, degrades RNA of DNA-RNA hybrids; Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids. RNase H participates in DNA replication; it helps to specify the origin of genomic replication by suppressing initiation at origins other than the oriC locus; along with the 5'-3' exonuclease of pol1, it removes RNA primers from the Okazaki fragments of lagging strand synthesis; and it defines the origin of replication for ColE1-type plasmids by specific cleavage of an RNA preprimer. (155 aa)
tsfTranslation elongation factor EF-Ts; Associates with the EF-Tu.GDP complex and induces the exchange of GDP to GTP. It remains bound to the aminoacyl-tRNA.EF- Tu.GTP complex up to the GTP hydrolysis stage on the ribosome. (Microbial infection) Promotes the tRNase activity of CdiA-CT from E.coli strain EC869 (CdiA-CT-EC869); required in vivo but less so in vitro. Probably loads charged tRNA onto EF-Tu, making more ternary GTP-EF-Tu-aa-tRNA complexes. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor capacity of this protein does not seem to be needed as no GTP hydrolysis occurs during tRNA cleavag [...] (283 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Escherichia coli K12
NCBI taxonomy Id: 511145
Other names: E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. MG1655, Escherichia coli strain MG1655
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