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hldD hldD nhaA nhaA aceE aceE aceF aceF lpd lpd hrpB hrpB degP degP gmhB gmhB dnaQ dnaQ gmhA gmhA ykfG ykfG secD secD lipA lipA cydB cydB tolQ tolQ tolR tolR tolB tolB pal pal cydD cydD ycaI ycaI yccM yccM wrbA wrbA efeO efeO lpxL lpxL minC minC clsA clsA ynbE ynbE hrpA hrpA ydcL ydcL ruvA ruvA ruvC ruvC cheW cheW cheA cheA yeeS yeeS ubiX ubiX xseA xseA iscS iscS yfjY yfjY ubiH ubiH nlpI nlpI yhcB yhcB tusB tusB tusC tusC tusD tusD argD argD tusA tusA waaF waaF waaC waaC waaB waaB waaG waaG yicR yicR atpD atpD atpG atpG atpA atpA ubiE ubiE metF metF groL groL tamB tamB holC holC radA radA
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
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hldDADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose-6-epimerase, NAD(P)-binding; Catalyzes the interconversion between ADP-D-glycero-beta-D- manno-heptose and ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose via an epimerization at carbon 6 of the heptose; Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. HldD subfamily. (310 aa)
nhaASodium-proton antiporter; Na(+)/H(+) antiporter that extrudes sodium in exchange for external protons. Catalyzes the exchange of 2 H(+) per Na(+). Can mediate sodium uptake when a transmembrane pH gradient is applied. Active at alkaline pH. Activity is strongly down-regulated below pH 6.5; Belongs to the NhaA Na(+)/H(+) (TC 2.A.33) antiporter family. (388 aa)
aceEPyruvate dehydrogenase, decarboxylase component E1, thiamine triphosphate-binding; Component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, that catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). (887 aa)
aceFPyruvate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoyltransacetylase component E2; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (630 aa)
lpdDihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase; Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine cleavage system as well as of the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes. (474 aa)
hrpBHelicase, ATP-dependent; Protein involved in DNA-dependent DNA replication. (809 aa)
degPSerine endoprotease (protease Do), membrane-associated; DegP acts as a chaperone at low temperatures but switches to a peptidase (heat shock protein) at higher temperatures. Degrades transiently denatured and unfolded or misfolded proteins which accumulate in the periplasm following heat shock or other stress conditions. DegP is efficient with Val-Xaa and Ile-Xaa peptide bonds, suggesting a preference for beta-branched side chain amino acids. Only unfolded proteins devoid of disulfide bonds appear capable of being cleaved, thereby preventing non-specific proteolysis of folded proteins. [...] (474 aa)
gmhBD,D-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase; Converts the D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate (beta-HBP) intermediate into D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate by removing the phosphate group at the C-7 position. (191 aa)
dnaQDNA polymerase III epsilon subunit; DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. The epsilon subunit contain the editing function and is a proofreading 3'- 5' exonuclease. Contacts both the beta sliding clamp (dnaN) and the polymerase subunit (dnaE), stabilizing their interaction. (243 aa)
gmhAD-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase; Catalyzes the isomerization of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate in D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate; Belongs to the SIS family. GmhA subfamily. (192 aa)
ykfGCP4-6 prophage; Putative DNA repair protein; Belongs to the UPF0758 family. (158 aa)
secDSecYEG protein translocase auxillary subunit; Part of the Sec protein translocase complex. Interacts with the SecYEG preprotein conducting channel. SecDF uses the proton motive force (PMF) to complete protein translocation after the ATP-dependent function of SecA. The large periplasmic domain is thought to have a base and head domain joined by a hinge; movement of the hinge may be coupled to both proton transport and protein export, with the head domain capturing substrate, and a conformational change preventing backward movement and driving forward movement. Expression of V.alginolyti [...] (615 aa)
lipALipoate synthase; Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives. Free octanoate is not a substrate for LipA; Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Lipoyl synthase family. (321 aa)
cydBCytochrome d terminal oxidase, subunit II; A terminal oxidase that produces a proton motive force by the vectorial transfer of protons across the inner membrane. It is the component of the aerobic respiratory chain of E.coli that predominates when cells are grown at low aeration. Generates a proton motive force using protons and electrons from opposite sides of the membrane to generate H(2)O, transferring 1 proton/electron. (379 aa)
tolQMembrane spanning protein in TolA-TolQ-TolR complex; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. Required, with TolR, for the proton motive force-dependent activation of TolA and for TolA-Pal interaction. Is also involved in the uptake of group A colicins (colicins A, E1, E2, E3, and K) and in the uptake of filamentous phage DNA. The Tol-Pal system is also required for polar localization of chemoreceptors clusters. Belongs to the ExbB/TolQ family. (230 aa)
tolRMembrane spanning protein in TolA-TolQ-TolR complex; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. Required, with TolQ, for the proton motive force-dependent activation of TolA and for TolA-Pal interaction .The Tol-Pal system is also required for polar localization of chemoreceptors clusters (Probable). There are about 900 TolR molecules per cell. Modeling suggests that non-covalent binding of OmpA (from the outer membrane) and TolR (from the inner membrane) to peptidoglycan [...] (142 aa)
tolBPeriplasmic protein; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. TolB occupies a key intermediary position in the Tol-Pal system because it communicates directly with both membrane-embedded components, Pal in the outer membrane and TolA in the inner membrane. Is also involved in the uptake of some colicins A. The Tol-Pal system is also required for polar localization of chemoreceptors clusters. (430 aa)
palPeptidoglycan-associated outer membrane lipoprotein; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. The Tol-Pal system is also required for polar localization of chemoreceptors clusters. (173 aa)
cydDGlutathione/cysteine ABC transporter export permease/ATPase; Somehow involved in the cytochrome D branch of aerobic respiration. Seems to be a component of a transport system. (588 aa)
ycaIComEC family inner membrane protein. (754 aa)
yccMPutative 4Fe-4S membrane protein. (357 aa)
wrbANAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase; It seems to function in response to environmental stress when various electron transfer chains are affected or when the environment is highly oxidizing. It reduces quinones to the hydroquinone state to prevent interaction of the semiquinone with O2 and production of superoxide. It prefers NADH over NADPH. (198 aa)
efeOIron uptake system component EfeO; Involved in Fe(2+) uptake. Could be an iron-binding and/or electron-transfer component. (375 aa)
lpxLLauryl-acyl carrier protein (ACP)-dependent acyltransferase; Catalyzes the transfer of laurate from lauroyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) to Kdo(2)-lipid IV(A) to form Kdo(2)-(lauroyl)-lipid IV(A). Has 10 fold selectivity for lauroyl-ACP over myristoyl-ACP. In vitro, can also catalyze a slow second acylation reaction leading to the formation of Kdo(2)-(dilauroyl)-lipid IV(A). (306 aa)
minCInhibitor of FtsZ ring polymerization; Cell division inhibitor that blocks the formation of polar Z ring septums. Rapidly oscillates between the poles of the cell to destabilize FtsZ filaments that have formed before they mature into polar Z rings. Prevents FtsZ polymerization. Belongs to the MinC family. (231 aa)
clsACardiolipin synthase 1; Catalyzes the reversible phosphatidyl group transfer from one phosphatidylglycerol molecule to another to form cardiolipin (CL) (diphosphatidylglycerol) and glycerol. (486 aa)
ynbELipoprotein. (61 aa)
hrpAPutative ATP-dependent helicase; Not yet known; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. (1300 aa)
ydcLLipoprotein. (222 aa)
ruvAComponent of RuvABC resolvasome, regulatory subunit; The RuvA-RuvB complex in the presence of ATP renatures cruciform structure in supercoiled DNA with palindromic sequence, indicating that it may promote strand exchange reactions in homologous recombination. RuvAB is a helicase that mediates the Holliday junction migration by localized denaturation and reannealing. RuvA stimulates, in the presence of DNA, the weak ATPase activity of RuvB. Binds both single- and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Binds preferentially to supercoiled rather than to relaxed dsDNA. (203 aa)
ruvCComponent of RuvABC resolvasome, endonuclease; Nuclease that resolves Holliday junction intermediates in genetic recombination. Cleaves the cruciform structure in supercoiled DNA by nicking to strands with the same polarity at sites symmetrically opposed at the junction in the homologous arms and leaves a 5'-terminal phosphate and a 3'-terminal hydroxyl group. (173 aa)
cheWPurine-binding chemotaxis protein; Involved in the transmission of sensory signals from the chemoreceptors to the flagellar motors. It physically bridges CheA to the MCPs (methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins) to allow regulated phosphotransfer to CheY and CheB. (167 aa)
cheAChemotaxis protein CheA; Involved in the transmission of sensory signals from the chemoreceptors to the flagellar motors. CheA is autophosphorylated; it can transfer its phosphate group to either CheB or CheY. (654 aa)
yeeSCP4-44 prophage; Putative DNA repair protein, RADC family; Belongs to the UPF0758 family. (148 aa)
ubiX3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate carboxy-lyase; Flavin prenyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of the prenylated FMN cofactor (prenyl-FMN) for 4-hydroxy-3-polyprenylbenzoic acid decarboxylase UbiD. The prenyltransferase is metal-independent and links a dimethylallyl moiety from dimethylallyl monophosphate (DMAP) to the flavin N5 and C6 atoms of FMN (By similarity). Acts in concert with UbiD to perform the decarboxylation of 4-hydroxy-3-octaprenyl-benzoate, a step in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q ; Belongs to the UbiX/PAD1 family. (189 aa)
xseAExonuclease VII, large subunit; Bidirectionally degrades single-stranded DNA into large acid- insoluble oligonucleotides, which are then degraded further into small acid-soluble oligonucleotides. It can also degrade 3' or 5' ss regions extending from the termini of duplex DNA molecules and displaced ss regions. (456 aa)
iscSCysteine desulfurase (tRNA sulfurtransferase), PLP-dependent; Master enzyme that delivers sulfur to a number of partners involved in Fe-S cluster assembly, tRNA modification or cofactor biosynthesis. Catalyzes the removal of elemental sulfur from cysteine to produce alanine. Functions as a sulfur delivery protein for Fe-S cluster synthesis onto IscU, an Fe-S scaffold assembly protein, as well as other S acceptor proteins. Preferentially binds to disordered IscU on which the Fe-S is assembled, IscU converts to the structured state and then dissociates from IscS to transfer the Fe-S to a [...] (404 aa)
yfjYCP4-57 prophage; Putative DNA repair protein; Belongs to the UPF0758 family. (160 aa)
ubiH2-octaprenyl-6-methoxyphenol hydroxylase, FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Is likely an oxygenase that introduces the hydroxyl group at carbon four of 2-octaprenyl-6-methoxyphenol resulting in the formation of 2-octaprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol. (392 aa)
nlpILipoprotein involved in osmotic sensitivity and filamentation; May be involved in cell division. May play a role in bacterial septation or regulation of cell wall degradation during cell division. Negatively controls the production of extracellular DNA (eDNA). (294 aa)
yhcBDUF1043 family inner membrane-anchored protein. (132 aa)
tusBmnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA synthesis 2-thiolation protein; Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. (95 aa)
tusCmnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA synthesis 2-thiolation protein; Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. (119 aa)
tusDSulfurtransferase for 2-thiolation step of mnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA synthesis; Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. Accepts sulfur from TusA and transfers it in turn to TusE. (128 aa)
argDBifunctional acetylornithine aminotransferase and succinyldiaminopimelate aminotransferase; Involved in both the arginine and lysine biosynthetic pathways; Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. ArgD subfamily. (406 aa)
tusAmnm(5)-s(2)U34-tRNA 2-thiolation sulfurtransferase; Sulfur carrier protein involved in sulfur trafficking in the cell. Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation during synthesis of 2-thiouridine of the modified wobble base 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) in tRNA. Interacts with IscS and stimulates its cysteine desulfurase activity. Accepts an activated sulfur from IscS, which is then transferred to TusD, and thus determines the direction of sulfur flow from IscS to 2-thiouridine formation. Also appears to be involved in sulfur transfer for the biosynthesi [...] (81 aa)
waaFADP-heptose--lps heptosyltransferase II; lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis; Protein involved in cell surface antigen activity, host-interacting and lipopolysaccharide core region biosynthetic process. (348 aa)
waaCADP-heptose:LPS heptosyl transferase I; Heptose transfer to the lipopolysaccharide core. It transfers the innermost heptose to [4'-P](3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid)2-IVA; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 9 family. (319 aa)
waaBLipopolysaccharide 1,6-galactosyltransferase; Adds a galactose goup to a glucose group of LPS; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily. (359 aa)
waaGUDP-glucose:(heptosyl)lipopolysaccharide alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase; Involved in the addition of the first glucose residue to the lipopolysaccharide core; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily. (374 aa)
yicRUPF0758 family protein; DNA repair protein; Protein involved in DNA-dependent DNA replication and DNA repair; Belongs to the UPF0758 family. YicR subfamily. (222 aa)
atpDF1 sector of membrane-bound ATP synthase, beta subunit; Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The catalytic sites are hosted primarily by the beta subunits. (460 aa)
atpGF1 sector of membrane-bound ATP synthase, gamma subunit; Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The gamma chain is believed to be important in regulating ATPase activity and the flow of protons through the CF(0) complex. (287 aa)
atpAF1 sector of membrane-bound ATP synthase, alpha subunit; Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The alpha chain is a regulatory subunit. (513 aa)
ubiEUbiquinone/menaquinone biosynthesis C-methyltransferase UbiE; Methyltransferase required for the conversion of demethylmenaquinol (DMKH2) to menaquinol (MKH2) and the conversion of 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DDMQH2) to 2-polyprenyl-3- methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQH2). (251 aa)
metF5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase required to generate the methyl groups necessary for methionine synthetase to convert homocysteine to methionine. (296 aa)
groLCpn60 chaperonin GroEL, large subunit of GroESL; Prevents misfolding and promotes the refolding and proper assembly of unfolded polypeptides generated under stress conditions. (548 aa)
tamBTranslocation and assembly module for autotransporter export, inner membrane subunit; Part of the translocation and assembly module (TAM) autotransporter assembly complex, which functions in translocation of autotransporters across the outer membrane. In reconstituted TAM this subunit (Ag43, AC P39180) is not necessary for substrate penetration in the outer membrane. Substrate binding to TamA moves its POTRA domains about 30 Angstroms into the periplasm, which would deform either the outer membrane or TamB and may provide force to reset TAM. (1259 aa)
holCDNA polymerase III, chi subunit; Part of the beta sliding clamp loading complex, which hydrolyzes ATP to load the beta clamp onto primed DNA to form the DNA replication pre-initiation complex. DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. (147 aa)
radADNA repair protein; DNA-dependent ATPase involved in processing of recombination intermediates, plays a role in repairing DNA breaks. Stimulates the branch migration of RecA-mediated strand transfer reactions, allowing the 3' invading strand to extend heteroduplex DNA faster. Binds ssDNA in the presence of ADP but not other nucleotides, has ATPase activity that is stimulated by ssDNA and various branched DNA structures, but inhibited by SSB. Does not have RecA's homology-searching function. Genetic experiments involving combination of radA mutations with mutations in recA, recB, recG, [...] (460 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Escherichia coli K12
NCBI taxonomy Id: 511145
Other names: E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. MG1655, Escherichia coli strain MG1655
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