STRINGSTRING
fadR fadR araD araD araC araC lpxC lpxC lpxA lpxA fadE fadE lon lon pagP pagP fabA fabA ompA ompA yciM yciM fabI fabI fadD fadD glpQ glpQ glpT glpT fabB fabB fadL fadL mlaA mlaA gtrS gtrS lplT lplT ftsH ftsH mlaC mlaC ugpQ ugpQ pldA pldA fadA fadA fadB fadB cpxR cpxR malE malE lamB lamB lptF lptF lptG lptG
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
fadRFatty acid metabolism regulon transcriptional regulator; Multifunctional regulator of fatty acid metabolism. Represses transcription of at least eight genes required for fatty acid transport and beta-oxidation including fadA, fadB, fadD, fadL and fadE. Activates transcription of at least three genes required for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis: fabA, fabB and iclR, the gene encoding the transcriptional regulator of the aceBAK operon encoding the glyoxylate shunt enzymes. (239 aa)
araDL-ribulose-5-phosphate 4-epimerase; Involved in the degradation of L-arabinose. Catalyzes the interconversion of L-ribulose 5-phosphate (LRu5P) and D- xylulose 5-phosphate (D-Xu5P) via a retroaldol/aldol mechanism (carbon- carbon bond cleavage analogous to a class II aldolase reaction). (231 aa)
araCAra regulon transcriptional activator; Transcription factor that regulates the expression of several genes involved in the transport and metabolism of L-arabinose. Functions both as a positive and a negative regulator. In the presence of arabinose, activates the expression of the araBAD, araE, araFGH and araJ promoters. In the absence of arabinose, negatively regulates the araBAD operon. Represses its own transcription. Acts by binding directly to DNA. (292 aa)
lpxCUDP-3-O-acyl N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of UDP-3-O-myristoyl-N- acetylglucosamine to form UDP-3-O-myristoylglucosamine and acetate, the committed step in lipid A biosynthesis. (305 aa)
lpxAUDP-N-acetylglucosamine acetyltransferase; Involved in the biosynthesis of lipid A, a phosphorylated glycolipid that anchors the lipopolysaccharide to the outer membrane of the cell. (262 aa)
fadEAcyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the dehydrogenation of acyl-coenzymes A (acyl-CoAs) to 2-enoyl-CoAs, the first step of the beta-oxidation cycle of fatty acid degradation. Is required for E.coli to utilize dodecanoate or oleate as the sole carbon and energy source for growth. (814 aa)
lonDNA-binding ATP-dependent protease La; ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of mutant and abnormal proteins as well as certain short- lived regulatory proteins, including some antitoxins. Required for cellular homeostasis and for survival from DNA damage and developmental changes induced by stress. Degrades polypeptides processively to yield small peptide fragments that are 5 to 10 amino acids long. Binds to DNA in a double-stranded, site-specific manner. Endogenous substrates include the regulatory proteins RcsA and SulA, the transcriptional activator [...] (784 aa)
pagPPhospholipid:lipid A palmitoyltransferase; Transfers a palmitate residue from the sn-1 position of a phospholipid to the N-linked hydroxymyristate on the proximal unit of lipid A or its precursors. Phosphatidylglycerol (PtdGro), phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and phosphatidic acid (Ptd-OH) are all effective acyl donors. (186 aa)
fabABeta-hydroxydecanoyl thioester dehydrase; Necessary for the introduction of cis unsaturation into fatty acids. Catalyzes the dehydration of (3R)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP to E- (2)-decenoyl-ACP and then its isomerization to Z-(3)-decenoyl-ACP. Can catalyze the dehydratase reaction for beta-hydroxyacyl-ACPs with saturated chain lengths up to 16:0, being most active on intermediate chain length. Is inactive in the dehydration of long chain unsaturated beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP. (172 aa)
ompAOuter membrane protein A (3a;II*;G;d); With TolR probably plays a role in maintaining the position of the peptidoglycan cell wall in the periplasm (Probable). Plays a role in resistance to environmental stress, and a role in outer membrane functionality and cell shape. Non-covalently binds peptidoglycan (Probable). Acts as a porin with low permeability that allows slow penetration of small solutes. A very abundant protein, there can be up to 210,000 OmpA molecules per cell. Reconstitution in unilamellar lipid vesicles shows only about 3% of the protein is in an open conformation, whic [...] (346 aa)
yciMLPS regulatory protein; Modulates cellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels by regulating LpxC, which is involved in lipid A biosynthesis. May act by modulating the proteolytic activity of FtsH towards LpxC. May also coordinate assembly of proteins involved in LPS synthesis at the plasma membrane. (389 aa)
fabIEnoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, NADH-dependent; Catalyzes the reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in an enoyl moiety that is covalently linked to an acyl carrier protein (ACP). Involved in the elongation cycle of fatty acid which are used in the lipid metabolism and in the biotin biosynthesis. (262 aa)
fadDacyl-CoA synthetase (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase); Catalyzes the esterification, concomitant with transport, of exogenous long-chain fatty acids into metabolically active CoA thioesters for subsequent degradation or incorporation into phospholipids. Activity is the highest with fatty acid substrates of > 10 carbon atoms. Is involved in the aerobic beta- oxidative degradation of fatty acids, which allows aerobic growth of E.coli on fatty acids as a sole carbon and energy source. (561 aa)
glpQGlycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, periplasmic; Glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase hydrolyzes deacylated phospholipids to G3P and the corresponding alcohols. (358 aa)
glpTSn-glycerol-3-phosphate transporter; Responsible for glycerol-3-phosphate uptake. (452 aa)
fabB3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase I; Catalyzes the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis by the addition to an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP. Specific for elongation from C-10 to unsaturated C-16 and C-18 fatty acids; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthases family. (406 aa)
fadLLong-chain fatty acid outer membrane transporter; Involved in translocation of long-chain fatty acids across the outer membrane. It is a receptor for the bacteriophage T2. FadL may form a specific channel; Belongs to the OmpP1/FadL family. (446 aa)
mlaAABC transporter maintaining OM lipid asymmetry, OM lipoprotein component; Involved in a phospholipid transport pathway that maintains lipid asymmetry in the outer membrane by retrograde trafficking of phospholipids from the outer membrane to the inner membrane. Belongs to the MlaA family. (251 aa)
gtrSSerotype-specific glucosyl transferase, CPS-53 (KpLE1) prophage; Putative ligase. (443 aa)
lplTLysophospholipid transporter; Catalyzes the facilitated diffusion of 2-acyl-glycero-3- phosphoethanolamine (2-acyl-GPE) into the cell. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. LplT (TC 2.A.1.42) family. (397 aa)
ftsHProtease, ATP-dependent zinc-metallo; Acts as a processive, ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase for both cytoplasmic and membrane proteins. Plays a role in the quality control of integral membrane proteins. Degrades a few membrane proteins that have not been assembled into complexes such as SecY, F(0) ATPase subunit a and YccA, and also cytoplasmic proteins sigma-32, LpxC, KdtA and phage lambda cII protein among others. Degrades membrane proteins in a processive manner starting at either the N- or C-terminus; recognition requires a cytoplasmic tail of about 20 residues with no apparent [...] (644 aa)
mlaCABC transporter maintaining OM lipid asymmetry, periplasmic binding protein; Involved in a phospholipid transport pathway that maintains lipid asymmetry in the outer membrane by retrograde trafficking of phospholipids from the outer membrane to the inner membrane. May transfer phospholipid across the periplasmic space and deliver it to the MlaFEDB complex at the inner membrane. Belongs to the MlaC/ttg2D family. (211 aa)
ugpQGlycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, cytosolic; Glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase hydrolyzes deacylated phospholipids to G3P and the corresponding alcohols. (247 aa)
pldAOuter membrane phospholipase A; Has broad substrate specificity including hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine with phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4) and phospholipase A1 (EC 3.1.1.32) activities. Strong expression leads to outer membrane breakdown and cell death; is dormant in normal growing cells. Required for efficient secretion of bacteriocins. (289 aa)
fadA3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (thiolase I); Catalyzes the final step of fatty acid oxidation in which acetyl-CoA is released and the CoA ester of a fatty acid two carbons shorter is formed. Involved in the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of long-chain fatty acids. (387 aa)
fadBEnoyl-CoA hydratase/Delta(3)-cis-Delta(2)-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase/3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA epimerase; Involved in the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of long- chain fatty acids via beta-oxidation cycle. Catalyzes the formation of 3-oxoacyl-CoA from enoyl-CoA via L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA. It can also use D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA and cis-3-enoyl-CoA as substrate. In the C-terminal section; belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (729 aa)
cpxRResponse regulator in two-component regulatory system with CpxA; Response regulator member of the two-component regulatory system CpxA/CpxR which responds to envelope stress response by activating expression of downstream genes including cpxP, degP, dsbA and ppiA. Required for efficient binding of stationary phase cells to hydrophobic surfaces, part of the process of biofilm formation. Induced upon cell surface binding, subsequently induces genes it controls (cpxP, dsbA and spy, degP is only partially induced). Binds and activates transcription from the degP promoter ; binding is enhan [...] (232 aa)
malEMaltose transporter subunit; Part of the ABC transporter complex MalEFGK involved in maltose/maltodextrin import. Binds maltose and higher maltodextrins such as maltotriose. Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 1 family. (396 aa)
lamBMaltose outer membrane porin (maltoporin); Involved in the transport of maltose and maltodextrins, indispensable for translocation of dextrins containing more than three glucosyl moieties. A hydrophobic path ('greasy slide') of aromatic residues serves to guide and select the sugars for transport through the channel. Also acts as a receptor for several bacteriophages including lambda. (446 aa)
lptFLipopolysaccharide export ABC permease; Part of the ABC transporter complex LptBFG involved in the translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the inner membrane to the outer membrane. (366 aa)
lptGLipopolysaccharide export ABC permease; Part of the ABC transporter complex LptBFG involved in the translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the inner membrane to the outer membrane. (360 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Escherichia coli K12
NCBI taxonomy Id: 511145
Other names: E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. MG1655, Escherichia coli strain MG1655
Server load: low (22%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.