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rpsR | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S18; Binds as a heterodimer with protein S6 to the central domain of the 16S rRNA, where it helps stabilize the platform of the 30S subunit; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS18 family. (75 aa) | ||||
rpsT | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S20; Binds directly to 16S ribosomal RNA. (87 aa) | ||||
rsmA | 16S rRNA m(6)A1518, m(6)A1519 dimethyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically dimethylates two adjacent adenosines (A1518 and A1519) in the loop of a conserved hairpin near the 3'-end of 16S rRNA in the 30S particle. May play a critical role in biogenesis of 30S subunits. Has also a DNA glycosylase/AP lyase activity that removes C mispaired with oxidized T from DNA, and may play a role in protection of DNA against oxidative stress. (273 aa) | ||||
rsmH | 16S rRNA m(4)C1402 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates the N4 position of cytidine in position 1402 (C1402) of 16S rRNA. In vitro, active on the assembled 30S subunit, but not naked 16S rRNA or 70S ribosomes. (313 aa) | ||||
rpsB | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S2; Required for ribosomal protein S1 to bind to the 30S subunit. (241 aa) | ||||
rlmH | 23S rRNA m(3)Psi1915 pseudouridine methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates the pseudouridine at position 1915 (m3Psi1915) in 23S rRNA. Specific for fully assembled 70S ribosomes. Belongs to the RNA methyltransferase RlmH family. (155 aa) | ||||
rsfS | Ribosomal silencing factor; Functions as a ribosomal silencing factor. Addition to isolated ribosomal subunits partially inhibits their association, preventing translation. Interacts with ribosomal protein L14 (rplN), blocking formation of intersubunit bridge B8, preventing association of the 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits and the formation of functional ribosomes, thus repressing translation. (105 aa) | ||||
rimO | Ribosomal protein S12 methylthiotransferase; Catalyzes the methylthiolation of the residue Asp-89 of ribosomal protein S12. (441 aa) | ||||
rpsA | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S1; Required for translation of most natural mRNAs except for leaderless mRNA. Binds mRNA upstream of the Shine- Dalgarno (SD) sequence and helps it bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit; acts as an RNA chaperone to unfold structured mRNA on the ribosome but is not essential for mRNAs with strong SDs and little 5'-UTR structure, thus it may help fine-tune which mRNAs that are translated. Unwinds dsRNA by binding to transiently formed ssRNA regions; binds about 10 nucleotides. Has a preference for polypyrimidine tracts. Negatively autoregulates its own translat [...] (557 aa) | ||||
gyrA | DNA gyrase (type II topoisomerase), subunit A; A type II topoisomerase that negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded (ds) DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to maintain chromosomes in an underwound state. This makes better substrates for topoisomerase IV (ParC and ParE) which is the main enzyme that unlinks newly replicated chromosomes in E.coli. Gyrase catalyzes the interconversion of other topological isomers of dsDNA rings, including catenanes. Relaxes negatively supercoiled DNA in an ATP-independent manner. E.coli gyrase has higher supercoiling activity than many other bac [...] (875 aa) | ||||
rpsP | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S16; In addition to being a ribosomal protein, S16 also has a cation-dependent endonuclease activity. (82 aa) | ||||
rsmE | 16S rRNA m(3)U1498 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates the N3 position of the uracil ring of uridine 1498 (m3U1498) in 16S rRNA. Acts on the fully assembled 30S ribosomal subunit. (243 aa) | ||||
rpsU | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S21; Protein involved in structural constituent of ribosome and translation; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS21 family. (71 aa) | ||||
rsmI | 16S rRNA C1402 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Catalyzes the 2'-O-methylation of the ribose of cytidine 1402 (C1402) in 16S rRNA. In vitro, active on the assembled 30S subunit, but not naked 16S rRNA or 70S ribosomes; Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RsmI family. (286 aa) | ||||
rpsO | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S15; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it helps nucleate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit by binding and bridging several RNA helices of the 16S rRNA. Binds to its own mRNA, stabilizing it 5-UTR and preventing its translation. (89 aa) | ||||
rpsI | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S9; The C-terminal tail plays a role in the affinity of the 30S P site for different tRNAs. Mutations that decrease this affinity are suppressed in the 70S ribosome. (130 aa) | ||||
rpsD | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S4; One of two assembly initiator proteins for the 30S subunit, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the body of the 30S subunit. Plays a role in mRNA unwinding by the ribosome, possibly by forming part of a processivity clamp. Also functions as a rho-dependent antiterminator of rRNA transcription, increasing the synthesis of rRNA under conditions of excess protein, allowing a more rapid return to homeostasis. Binds directly to RNA polymerase; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family. (206 aa) | ||||
rpsK | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S11; Located on the platform of the 30S subunit, it bridges several disparate RNA helices of the 16S rRNA. Forms part of the Shine- Dalgarno cleft in the 70S ribosome (By similarity); Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family. (129 aa) | ||||
rpsM | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S13; Located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA. Contacts the tRNAs in the A and P sites. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family. (118 aa) | ||||
rpsE | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S5; With S4 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Many suppressors of streptomycin-dependent mutants of protein S12 are found in this protein, some but not all of which decrease translational accuracy (ram, ribosomal ambiguity mutations). The physical location of this protein suggests it may also play a role in mRNA unwinding by the ribosome, possibly by forming part of a processivity clamp. (167 aa) | ||||
rpsH | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S8; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family. (130 aa) | ||||
rpsQ | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S17; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds specifically to the 5'-end of 16S ribosomal RNA. Also plays a role in translational accuracy; neamine-resistant ribosomes show reduced neamine-induced misreading in vitro. (84 aa) | ||||
rpsC | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S3; Binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head. Binds mRNA in the 70S ribosome, positioning it for translation (By similarity). Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family. (233 aa) | ||||
rpsS | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S19; In the E.coli 70S ribosome in the initiation state it has been modeled to contact the 23S rRNA of the 50S subunit forming part of bridge B1a; this bridge is broken in the model with bound EF-G. The 23S rRNA contact site in bridge B1a is modeled to differ in different ribosomal states , contacting alternately S13 or S19. In the 3.5 angstroms resolved ribosome structures the contacts between L5, S13 and S19 bridge B1b are different, confirming the dynamic nature of this interaction. Bridge B1a is not visible in the crystallized ribosomes due to 23S rR [...] (92 aa) | ||||
rplB | 50S ribosomal subunit protein L2; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins. Located near the base of the L1 stalk, it is probably also mobile. Required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation. It has been suggested to have peptidyltransferase activity; this is highly controversial. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family. (273 aa) | ||||
rplC | 50S ribosomal subunit protein L3; One of two assembly initiator proteins, it binds directly near the 3'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit. (209 aa) | ||||
rpsJ | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S10; Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes. In addition, in complex with NusB, is involved in the regulation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) biosynthesis by transcriptional antitermination. S10 binds RNA non-specifically and increases the affinity of NusB for the boxA RNA sequence. S10 may constitute the critical antitermination component of the NusB-S10 complex. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family. (103 aa) | ||||
rpsG | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S7; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. Is located at the subunit interface close to the decoding center, where it has been shown to contact mRNA. Has been shown to contact tRNA in both the P and E sites; it probably blocks exit of the E site tRNA. (179 aa) | ||||
rpsL | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S12; With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Cryo-EM studies suggest that S12 contacts the EF-Tu bound tRNA in the A-site during codon-recognition. This contact is most likely broken as the aminoacyl-tRNA moves into the peptidyl transferase center in the 50S subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family. (124 aa) | ||||
rsmD | 16S rRNA m(2)G966 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates the guanine in position 966 of 16S rRNA in the assembled 30S particle. (198 aa) | ||||
gyrB | DNA gyrase, subunit B; DNA gyrase negatively supercoils closed circular double- stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to maintain chromosomes in an underwound state. This makes better substrates for topoisomerase 4 (ParC and ParE) which is the main enzyme that unlinks newly replicated chromosomes in E.coli. Gyrase catalyzes the interconversion of other topological isomers of double-stranded DNA rings, including catenanes. Relaxes negatively supercoiled DNA in an ATP-independent manner. E.coli gyrase has higher supercoiling activity than other characterized bacterial gyrases; at compa [...] (804 aa) | ||||
rsmG | 16S rRNA m(7)G527 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates the N7 position of guanine in position 527 of 16S rRNA. Requires the intact 30S subunit for methylation; Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RsmG family. (207 aa) | ||||
rpsF | 30S ribosomal subunit protein S6; Binds together with S18 to 16S ribosomal RNA. (131 aa) |