STRINGSTRING
acrF acrF evgA evgA evgS evgS acrD acrD rlmN rlmN srmB srmB pka pka mprA mprA emrA emrA emrB emrB tolC tolC acrS acrS mdtH mdtH mdtG mdtG msbA msbA macB macB mdfA mdfA kdpE kdpE mrdA mrdA acrA acrA acrB acrB ampH ampH emrK emrK rpsL rpsL crp crp argD argD mdtE mdtE mdtF mdtF gadW gadW cpxA cpxA mdtP mdtP mdtO mdtO mdtN mdtN ampC ampC mdtM mdtM emrY emrY yojI yojI baeS baeS mdtC mdtC mdtB mdtB mdtA mdtA mdtK mdtK marA marA
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
acrFMultidrug efflux system protein; Part of the tripartite efflux system AcrEF-TolC. Involved in the efflux of indole and organic solvents. Belongs to the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) (TC 2.A.6) family. (1034 aa)
evgAResponse regulator in two-component regulatory system with EvgS; Member of the two-component regulatory system EvgS/EvgA. Regulates the expression of emrKY operon and yfdX. Seems also to control expression of at least one other multidrug efflux operon. (204 aa)
evgSHybrid sensory histidine kinase in two-component regulatory system with EvgA; Member of the two-component regulatory system EvgS/EvgA. Phosphorylates EvgA via a four-step phosphorelay in response to environmental signals. (1197 aa)
acrDAminoglycoside/multidrug efflux system; Participates in the efflux of aminoglycosides. Confers resistance to a variety of these substances. Belongs to the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) (TC 2.A.6) family. (1037 aa)
rlmNDual specificity 23S rRNA m(2)A2503, tRNA m(2)A37 methyltransferase, SAM-dependent; Specifically methylates position 2 of adenine 2503 in 23S rRNA and position 2 of adenine 37 in tRNAs. m2A2503 modification seems to play a crucial role in the proofreading step occurring at the peptidyl transferase center and thus would serve to optimize ribosomal fidelity. Unmodified tRNA is not a suitable substrate for RlmN, which suggests that RlmN works in a late step during tRNA maturation. Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. RlmN family. (384 aa)
srmBATP-dependent RNA helicase; DEAD-box RNA helicase involved in the assembly of the 50S ribosomal subunit at low temperature. Exhibits RNA-stimulated ATP hydrolysis and RNA unwinding activity. Acts before DeaD. Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. SrmB subfamily. (444 aa)
pkaProtein lysine acetyltransferase; Catalyzes the acetyl-CoA-dependent acetylation of lysine residues of a large number of target proteins. Acetylates RNase R in exponential phase cells and RNase II. Required for the glucose-dependent acetylation on multiple lysines of alpha, beta and beta' RNAP subunits. Also acetylates acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (Acs) and the chromosomal replication initiator protein DnaA, and inhibits their activity. Overexpression leads to the acetylation of a large number of additional proteins and inhibits motility. (886 aa)
mprATranscriptional repressor of microcin B17 synthesis and multidrug efflux; Negative regulator of the multidrug operon emrAB. (176 aa)
emrAMultidrug efflux system; Part of the tripartite efflux system EmrAB-TolC, which confers resistance to antibiotics such as CCCP, FCCP, 2,4-dinitrophenol and nalidixic acid. EmrA is a drug-binding protein that provides a physical link between EmrB and TolC; Belongs to the membrane fusion protein (MFP) (TC 8.A.1) family. (390 aa)
emrBMultidrug efflux system protein; Part of the tripartite efflux system EmrAB-TolC, which confers resistance to antibiotics such as CCCP, FCCP, 2,4-dinitrophenol and nalidixic acid. (512 aa)
tolCTransport channel; Outer membrane channel, which is required for the function of several efflux systems such as AcrAB-TolC, AcrEF-TolC, EmrAB-TolC and MacAB-TolC. These systems are involved in export of antibiotics and other toxic compounds from the cell. TolC is also involved in import of colicin E1 into the cells. (493 aa)
acrSacrAB operon transcriptional repressor; Potential regulator protein for the acrEF/envCD genes. (220 aa)
mdtHMultidrug resistance protein MdtH; Confers resistance to norfloxacin and enoxacin. (402 aa)
mdtGPutative drug efflux system protein; Confers resistance to fosfomycin and deoxycholate. Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. DHA1 family. MdtG (TC 2.A.1.2.20) subfamily. (408 aa)
msbALipid ABC transporter permease/ATPase; Involved in lipid A export and possibly also in glycerophospholipid export and for biogenesis of the outer membrane. Transmembrane domains (TMD) form a pore in the inner membrane and the ATP-binding domain (NBD) is responsible for energy generation. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Lipid exporter (TC 3.A.1.106) family. (582 aa)
macBMacrolide ABC transporter peremase/ATPase; Part of the tripartite efflux system MacAB-TolC. MacB is a non-canonical ABC transporter that contains transmembrane domains (TMD), which form a pore in the inner membrane, and an ATP-binding domain (NBD), which is responsible for energy generation. When overexpressed, the system confers resistance against macrolides composed of 14- and 15-membered lactones but no or weak resistance against 16-membered ones. In addition, the system could also transport R-LPS or a similar glycolipid. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Macrolide exporte [...] (648 aa)
mdfAMultidrug efflux system protein; Efflux pump driven by the proton motive force. Confers resistance to a broad spectrum of chemically unrelated drugs. Confers resistance to a diverse group of cationic or zwitterionic lipophilic compounds such as ethidium bromide, tetraphenylphosphonium, rhodamine, daunomycin, benzalkonium, rifampicin, tetracycline, puromycin, and to chemically unrelated, clinically important antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and certain aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. Overexpression results in isopropyl-beta-D- thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) exclusi [...] (410 aa)
kdpEResponse regulator in two-component regulatory system with KdpD; Member of the two-component regulatory system KdpD/KdpE involved in the regulation of the kdp operon. (225 aa)
mrdAPenicillin-binding protein 2, transpeptidase involved in peptidoglycan synthesis; Catalyzes cross-linking of the peptidoglycan cell wall. Responsible for the determination of the rod shape of the cell. Is probably required for lateral peptidoglycan synthesis and maintenance of the correct diameter during lateral and centripetal growth. Belongs to the transpeptidase family. MrdA subfamily. (633 aa)
acrAMultidrug efflux system; AcrA-AcrB-AcrZ-TolC is a drug efflux protein complex with broad substrate specificity that uses the proton motive force to export substrates. This subunit may act as an adapter protein that links AcrB and TolC stably together. It is elongated in shape, being long enough to span the periplasm. (397 aa)
acrBMultidrug efflux system protein; AcrA-AcrB-AcrZ-TolC is a drug efflux protein complex with broad substrate specificity that uses the proton motive force to export substrates. (1049 aa)
ampHD-alanyl-D-alanine- carboxypeptidase/endopeptidase; Hydrolyzes the cross-linked dimers tetrapentapeptide (D45) and tetratetrapeptide (D44). Removes the terminal D-alanine from muropeptides and disaccharide pentapeptide M5 with a C-terminal D-Ala- D-Ala dipeptide. Associated with recycling and remodeling of peptidoglycan (PG). Also displays a low beta-lactamase activity. Belongs to the beta-lactamase family. (385 aa)
emrKMultidrug resistance efflux pump membrane fusion protein; Part of the tripartite efflux system EmrYK-TolC, which confers resistance to various drugs. (387 aa)
rpsL30S ribosomal subunit protein S12; With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Cryo-EM studies suggest that S12 contacts the EF-Tu bound tRNA in the A-site during codon-recognition. This contact is most likely broken as the aminoacyl-tRNA moves into the peptidyl transferase center in the 50S subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family. (124 aa)
crpcAMP-activated global transcription factor, mediator of catabolite repression; A global transcription regulator. Complexes with cyclic AMP (cAMP) which allosterically activates DNA binding (to consensus sequence 5'-AAATGTGATCTAGATCACATTT-3') to directly regulate the transcription of about 300 genes in about 200 operons and indirectly regulate the expression of about half the genome. There are 3 classes of CRP promoters; class I promoters have a single CRP-binding site upstream of the RNA polymerase (RNAP)-binding site, whereas in class II promoters the single CRP- and RNAP-binding site [...] (210 aa)
argDBifunctional acetylornithine aminotransferase and succinyldiaminopimelate aminotransferase; Involved in both the arginine and lysine biosynthetic pathways; Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. ArgD subfamily. (406 aa)
mdtEAnaerobic multidrug efflux transporter, ArcA-regulated; Part of the tripartite efflux system MdtEF-TolC, which confers resistance to compounds such as rhodamine 6G, erythromycin, doxorubicin, ethidium bromide, TPP, SDS, deoxycholate, crystal violet and benzalkonium; Belongs to the membrane fusion protein (MFP) (TC 8.A.1) family. (385 aa)
mdtFAnaerobic multidrug efflux transporter, ArcA-regulated; Part of the tripartite efflux system MdtEF-TolC, which confers resistance to compounds such as rhodamine 6G, erythromycin, doxorubicin, ethidium bromide, TPP, SDS, deoxycholate, crystal violet and benzalkonium; Belongs to the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) (TC 2.A.6) family. (1037 aa)
gadWTranscriptional activator of gadA and gadBC; Depending on the conditions (growth phase and medium), acts as a positive or negative regulator of gadA and gadBC. Repression occurs directly or via the repression of the expression of gadX. Activation occurs directly by the binding of GadW to the gadA and gadBC promoters. (242 aa)
cpxASensory histidine kinase in two-component regulatory system with CpxR; Histidine kinase member of the two-component regulatory system CpxA/CpxR which responds to envelope stress response by activating expression of downstream genes including cpxP, degP, dsbA and ppiA. Activates CpxR by phosphorylation; has autokinase, phosphotransferase and (in the presence of Mg(2+) and/or ATP or ADP) phosphatase activity. The kinase activity is inhibited by periplasmic accessory protein CpxP; proteolysis of CpxP relieves inhibition. Involved in several diverse cellular processes, including the functi [...] (457 aa)
mdtPOuter membrane factor of efflux pump; Could be involved in resistance to puromycin, acriflavine and tetraphenylarsonium chloride. (488 aa)
mdtOMembrane translocase (MDR) of MdtNOP efflux pump, PET family; Could be involved in resistance to puromycin, acriflavine and tetraphenylarsonium chloride. (683 aa)
mdtNMembrane fusion protein of efflux pump; Could be involved in resistance to puromycin, acriflavine and tetraphenylarsonium chloride; Belongs to the membrane fusion protein (MFP) (TC 8.A.1) family. (343 aa)
ampCPenicillin-binding protein; This protein is a serine beta-lactamase with a substrate specificity for cephalosporins; Belongs to the class-C beta-lactamase family. (377 aa)
mdtMMultidrug efflux system protein; Confers resistance to acriflavine, chloramphenicol, norfloxacin, ethidium bromide and TPP; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. (410 aa)
emrYPutative multidrug efflux system; Part of the tripartite efflux system EmrYK-TolC, which confers resistance to various drugs. (512 aa)
yojIMicrocin J25 efflux ABC transporter permease/ATPase; Mediates resistance to the antibacterial peptide microcin J25, when expressed from a multicopy vector. Functions as an efflux pump for microcin J25, with the help of the outer membrane channel TolC. (547 aa)
baeSSensory histidine kinase in two-component regulatory system with BaeR; Member of the two-component regulatory system BaeS/BaeR which responds to envelope stress. Activates expression of periplasmic chaperone spy in response to spheroplast formation, indole and P pili protein PapG overexpression. Activates BaeR by phosphorylation which then activates the mdtABCD and probably the CRISPR-Cas casABCDE-ygbT-ygbF operons. (467 aa)
mdtCMultidrug efflux system, subunit C; The MdtABC tripartite complex confers resistance against novobiocin and deoxycholate. MdtABC requires TolC for its function. (1025 aa)
mdtBMultidrug efflux system, subunit B; The MdtABC tripartite complex confers resistance against novobiocin and deoxycholate. MdtABC requires TolC for its function. (1040 aa)
mdtAMultidrug efflux system, subunit A; The MdtABC tripartite complex confers resistance against novobiocin and deoxycholate. MdtABC requires TolC for its function. Belongs to the membrane fusion protein (MFP) (TC 8.A.1) family. (415 aa)
mdtKMultidrug efflux system transporter; Multidrug efflux pump that probably functions as a Na(+)/drug antiporter. Confers resistance to many drugs such as fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin) and tetraphenylphosphonium ion (TPP). Also to deoxycholate, doxorubicin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin, ethidium bromide and benzalkonium. Also able to export peptides; when overexpressed, allows cells deleted for multiple peptidases (pepA, pepB, pepD and pepN) to grow in the presence of dipeptides Ala-Gln or Gly-Tyr which otherwise inhibit growth. Cells overexpressing [...] (457 aa)
marAMultiple antibiotic resistance transcriptional regulator; May be a transcriptional activator of genes involved in the multiple antibiotic resistance (Mar) phenotype. It can also activate genes such as sodA, zwf and micF. (127 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Escherichia coli K12
NCBI taxonomy Id: 511145
Other names: E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. MG1655, Escherichia coli strain MG1655
Server load: medium (46%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.