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malG malG malF malF malE malE malK malK lamB lamB malM malM melB melB hfq hfq purA purA sgrT sgrT ptsH ptsH talA talA tktB tktB mltA mltA ptsP ptsP galR galR araE araE fbaA fbaA pgk pgk tktA tktA galP galP nanE nanE secY secY crp crp malT malT mtlA mtlA mtlD mtlD mtlR mtlR rbsA rbsA cyaA cyaA pfkA pfkA glpK glpK pgi pgi xylE xylE talB talB sgrR sgrR mltD mltD lacY lacY adk adk nagA nagA nagB nagB gpmA gpmA ompF ompF ptsG ptsG mlc mlc pykF pykF pfkB pfkB manX manX pykA pykA cheA cheA fbaB fbaB mglC mglC mglA mglA mglB mglB galS galS ompC ompC purF purF glk glk
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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from curated databases
experimentally determined
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gene neighborhood
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malGMaltose transporter subunit; Part of the ABC transporter complex MalEFGK involved in maltose/maltodextrin import. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. (296 aa)
malFMaltose transporter subunit; Part of the ABC transporter complex MalEFGK involved in maltose/maltodextrin import. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. (514 aa)
malEMaltose transporter subunit; Part of the ABC transporter complex MalEFGK involved in maltose/maltodextrin import. Binds maltose and higher maltodextrins such as maltotriose. Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 1 family. (396 aa)
malKMaltose ABC transportor ATPase; Part of the ABC transporter complex MalEFGK involved in maltose/maltodextrin import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Maltooligosaccharide importer (TC 3.A.1.1.1) family. (371 aa)
lamBMaltose outer membrane porin (maltoporin); Involved in the transport of maltose and maltodextrins, indispensable for translocation of dextrins containing more than three glucosyl moieties. A hydrophobic path ('greasy slide') of aromatic residues serves to guide and select the sugars for transport through the channel. Also acts as a receptor for several bacteriophages including lambda. (446 aa)
malMMaltose regulon periplasmic protein; Not yet known. Might function in the uptake of a still unidentified substrate; To S.typhimurium MalM. (306 aa)
melBMelibiose:sodium symporter; Responsible for melibiose and other galactoside transport. It is capable of using hydrogen, sodium, and lithium cations as coupling cations for cotransport, depending on the particular sugar transported (symport system). (473 aa)
hfqGlobal sRNA chaperone; RNA chaperone that binds small regulatory RNA (sRNAs) and mRNAs to facilitate mRNA translational regulation in response to envelope stress, environmental stress and changes in metabolite concentrations. Involved in the regulation of stress responses mediated by the sigma factors RpoS, sigma-E and sigma-32. Binds with high specificity to tRNAs. Binds sRNA antitoxin RalA. In vitro, stimulates synthesis of long tails by poly(A) polymerase I. Required for RNA phage Qbeta replication. Seems to play a role in persister cell formation; upon overexpression decreases pers [...] (102 aa)
purAAdenylosuccinate synthetase; Plays an important role in the de novo pathway of purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP; Belongs to the adenylosuccinate synthetase family. (432 aa)
sgrTInhibitor of glucose uptake; Acts to promote recovery from glucose-phosphate stress due to intracellular accumulation of glucose-6-phosphate caused by disruption of glycolytic flux or in the presence of (toxic) non-metabolizable glucose phosphate analogs. It may do so by inhibiting the transporter activity for glucose uptake (PtsG) as cells that overexpress this protein do not seem to import glucose although they have nearly wild- type levels of PtsG. (43 aa)
ptsHPhosphohistidinoprotein-hexose phosphotransferase component of PTS system (Hpr); General (non sugar-specific) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS). This major carbohydrate active-transport system catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is transferred to the phosphoryl carrier protein HPr by enzyme I. Phospho-HPr then transfers it to the PTS EIIA domain. (85 aa)
talATransaldolase A; Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway. (316 aa)
tktBTransketolase 2, thiamine triphosphate-binding; Catalyzes the reversible transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from sedoheptulose-7-phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, producing xylulose-5-phosphate and ribose-5-phosphate. Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (By similarity). (667 aa)
mltAMembrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase A; Murein-degrading enzyme. May play a role in recycling of muropeptides during cell elongation and/or cell division. Degrades murein glycan strands and insoluble, high-molecular weight murein sacculi. (365 aa)
ptsPPEP-protein phosphotransferase enzyme I; Component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent nitrogen- metabolic phosphotransferase system (nitrogen-metabolic PTS), that seems to be involved in regulating nitrogen metabolism. Enzyme I-Ntr transfers the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to the phosphoryl carrier protein (NPr). Could function in the transcriptional regulation of sigma-54 dependent operons in conjunction with the NPr (PtsO) and EIIA-Ntr (PtsN) proteins. Enzyme I-Ntr is specific for NPr. (748 aa)
galRGalactose-inducible d-galactose regulon transcriptional repressor; Repressor of the galactose operon. Binds galactose as an inducer. (343 aa)
araEArabinose transporter; Uptake of arabinose across the boundary membrane with the concomitant transport of protons into the cell (symport system). (472 aa)
fbaAFructose-bisphosphate aldolase, class II; Catalyzes the aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone-phosphate) with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to form fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) in gluconeogenesis and the reverse reaction in glycolysis. (359 aa)
pgkPhosphoglycerate kinase; Protein involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family. (387 aa)
tktATransketolase 1, thiamine triphosphate-binding; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate. Thus, catalyzes the reversible transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from sedoheptulose-7-phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, producing xylulose-5-phosphate and ribose- 5-phosphate. (663 aa)
galPD-galactose transporter; Uptake of galactose across the boundary membrane with the concomitant transport of protons into the cell (symport system); Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. (464 aa)
nanEPutative N-acetylmannosamine-6-P epimerase; Converts N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate (ManNAc-6-P) to N- acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6-P). (229 aa)
secYPreprotein translocase membrane subunit; The central subunit of the protein translocation channel SecYEG. Consists of two halves formed by TMs 1-5 and 6-10. These two domains form a lateral gate at the front which open onto the bilayer between TMs 2 and 7, and are clamped together by SecE at the back. The channel is closed by both a pore ring composed of hydrophobic SecY resides and a short helix (helix 2A) on the extracellular side of the membrane which forms a plug. The plug probably moves laterally to allow the channel to open. The ring and the pore may move independently. SecY is r [...] (443 aa)
crpcAMP-activated global transcription factor, mediator of catabolite repression; A global transcription regulator. Complexes with cyclic AMP (cAMP) which allosterically activates DNA binding (to consensus sequence 5'-AAATGTGATCTAGATCACATTT-3') to directly regulate the transcription of about 300 genes in about 200 operons and indirectly regulate the expression of about half the genome. There are 3 classes of CRP promoters; class I promoters have a single CRP-binding site upstream of the RNA polymerase (RNAP)-binding site, whereas in class II promoters the single CRP- and RNAP-binding site [...] (210 aa)
malTMal regulon transcriptional activator; Positively regulates the transcription of the maltose regulon whose gene products are responsible for uptake and catabolism of malto- oligosaccharides. Specifically binds to the promoter region of its target genes, recognizing a short DNA motif called the MalT box (5'- GGA[TG]GA-3'). Displays weak ATPase activity, but this activity is not required for promoter binding. (901 aa)
mtlAMannitol-specific PTS enzyme: IIA, IIB and IIC components; The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in D-mannitol transport. Also able to use D-mannonic acid. (637 aa)
mtlDMannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent; Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase; Protein involved in carbohydrate catabolic process. (382 aa)
mtlRMannitol operon repressor; Involved in the repression of the expression of the mannitol mtlADR operon. Does not bind the operator/promoter regulatory region of this operon. Therefore, seems to belong to a new class of transcription factors in bacteria that may regulate gene expression indirectly, perhaps as a part of a larger transcriptional complex. (195 aa)
rbsAD-ribose ABC transporter ATPase; Part of the ABC transporter complex RbsABC involved in ribose import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Ribose importer (TC 3.A.1.2.1) family. (501 aa)
cyaAAdenylate cyclase; Catalyzes the formation of the second messenger cAMP from ATP. Its transcript is probably degraded by endoribonuclease LS (rnlA), decreasing cAMP levels and the negative regulator Crp-cAMP, which then induces its own transcription again. (848 aa)
pfkA6-phosphofructokinase I; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Prokaryotic clade 'B1' sub- subfamily. (320 aa)
glpKGlycerol kinase; Key enzyme in the regulation of glycerol uptake and metabolism. Catalyzes the phosphorylation of glycerol to yield sn- glycerol 3-phosphate. It also catalyzes the phosphorylation of dihydroxyacetone, L-glyceraldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde. It uses only ATP; Belongs to the FGGY kinase family. (502 aa)
pgiGlucosephosphate isomerase; Protein involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; Belongs to the GPI family. (549 aa)
xylED-xylose transporter; Uptake of D-xylose across the boundary membrane with the concomitant transport of protons into the cell (symport system). Glucose is not transported, but can compete for xylose binding sites and can inhibit xylose transport (in vitro). Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. (491 aa)
talBTransaldolase B; Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway. (317 aa)
sgrRTranscriptional DNA-binding transcriptional activator of sgrS sRNA; Activates the small RNA gene sgrS under glucose-phosphate stress conditions as well as yfdZ. Represses its own transcription under both stress and non-stress conditions; this repression likely provides one measure of control over sgrR at the level of synthesis. Might act as a sensor of the intracellular accumulation of phosphoglucose by binding these molecules in its C-terminal solute- binding domain. (551 aa)
mltDPutative membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase D; Murein-degrading enzyme. May play a role in recycling of muropeptides during cell elongation and/or cell division (By similarity); Belongs to the transglycosylase Slt family. (452 aa)
lacYLactose permease; Responsible for transport of beta-galactosides into the cell, with the concomitant import of a proton (symport system). Can transport lactose, melibiose, lactulose or the analog methyl-1-thio-beta,D- galactopyranoside (TMG), but not sucrose or fructose. The substrate specificity is directed toward the galactopyranosyl moiety of the substrate. (417 aa)
adkAdenylate kinase; Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism; Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. (214 aa)
nagAN-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase; Involved in the first step in the biosynthesis of amino- sugar-nucleotides. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the N-acetyl group of N- acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6-P) to yield glucosamine 6- phosphate and acetate. In vitro, can also hydrolyze substrate analogs such as N-thioacetyl-D-glucosamine-6-phosphate, N-trifluoroacetyl-D- glucosamine-6-phosphate, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate, N-acetyl-D- galactosamine-6-phosphate, and N-formyl-D-glucosamine-6-phosphate. (382 aa)
nagBGlucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase; Catalyzes the reversible isomerization-deamination of glucosamine 6-phosphate (GlcN6P) to form fructose 6-phosphate (Fru6P) and ammonium ion; Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. NagB subfamily. (266 aa)
gpmAPhosphoglyceromutase 1; Catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3- phosphoglycerate; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family. BPG- dependent PGAM subfamily. (250 aa)
ompFOuter membrane porin 1a (Ia;b;F); Forms pores that allow passive diffusion of small molecules across the outer membrane. (Microbial infection) A mixed OmpC-OmpF heterotrimer is the outer membrane receptor for toxin CdiA-EC536; polymorphisms in extracellular loops 4 and 5 of OmpC confer susceptibility to CdiA- EC536-mediated toxicity; Belongs to the Gram-negative porin family. (362 aa)
ptsGFused glucose-specific PTS enzymes: IIB component/IIC component; The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II complex composed of PtsG and Crr is involved in glucose transport. Also functions as a chemoreceptor monitoring the environment for changes in sugar concentration and an effector modulating the activity of the transcriptional repressor Mlc. (477 aa)
mlcGlucosamine anaerobic growth regulon transcriptional repressor; Transcriptional repressor that regulates the expression of proteins that are part of the phosphotransferase system for sugar uptake. Regulates the expression of malT. (406 aa)
pykFPyruvate kinase I (formerly F), fructose stimulated; Protein involved in glycolysis, fermentation and anaerobic respiration. (470 aa)
pfkB6-phosphofructokinase II; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. (309 aa)
manXFused mannose-specific PTS enzymes: IIA component/IIB component; The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II ManXYZ PTS system is involved in mannose transport. Also functions as a receptor for bacterial chemotaxis and is required for infection of the cell by bacteriophage lambda where it most likely functions as a pore for penetration of lambda DNA. (323 aa)
pykAPyruvate kinase II, glucose stimulated; Protein involved in glycolysis, fermentation and anaerobic respiration. (480 aa)
cheAChemotaxis protein CheA; Involved in the transmission of sensory signals from the chemoreceptors to the flagellar motors. CheA is autophosphorylated; it can transfer its phosphate group to either CheB or CheY. (654 aa)
fbaBFructose-bisphosphate aldolase class I; Protein involved in glycolysis; Belongs to the DeoC/FbaB aldolase family. FbaB subfamily. (350 aa)
mglCMethyl-galactoside transporter subunit; Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for galactoside. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. (336 aa)
mglAMethyl-galactoside ABC transporter ATPase; Part of the ABC transporter complex MglABC involved in galactose/methyl galactoside import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system (Probable). (506 aa)
mglBMethyl-galactoside transporter subunit; This protein is involved in the active transport of galactose and glucose. It plays a role in the chemotaxis towards the two sugars by interacting with the trg chemoreceptor. (332 aa)
galSGalactose- and fucose-inducible galactose regulon transcriptional isorepressor; Repressor of the mgl operon. Binds galactose and D-fucose as inducers. GalS binds to an operator DNA sequence within its own coding sequence (corresponding to residues 15 to 20). (346 aa)
ompCOuter membrane porin protein C; Forms pores that allow passive diffusion of small molecules across the outer membrane. (Microbial infection) A mixed OmpC-OmpF heterotrimer is the outer membrane receptor for toxin CdiA-EC536; polymorphisms in extracellular loops 4 and 5 of OmpC confer susceptibility to CdiA- EC536-mediated toxicity; Belongs to the Gram-negative porin family. (367 aa)
purFAmidophosphoribosyltransferase; Catalyzes the formation of phosphoribosylamine from phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) and glutamine. Can also use NH(3) in place of glutamine. (505 aa)
glkGlucokinase; Not highly important in E.coli as glucose is transported into the cell by the PTS system already as glucose 6-phosphate. (321 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Escherichia coli K12
NCBI taxonomy Id: 511145
Other names: E. coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. K12 substr. MG1655, Escherichia coli str. MG1655, Escherichia coli strain MG1655
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