STRINGSTRING
elc-1 elc-1 cyb-2.2 cyb-2.2 par-1 par-1 meg-1 meg-1 meg-2 meg-2 apr-1 apr-1 hmp-2 hmp-2 apx-1 apx-1 cap-2 cap-2 par-5 par-5 cog-1 cog-1 sek-1 sek-1 mig-14 mig-14 usp-46 usp-46 R151.8 R151.8 ref-1 ref-1 unc-2 unc-2 mig-5 mig-5 cdk-1 cdk-1 T05H10.1 T05H10.1 mom-1 mom-1 inx-19 inx-19 unc-40 unc-40 skn-1 skn-1 mom-5 mom-5 sys-1 sys-1 par-6 par-6 aph-1 aph-1 cwn-2 cwn-2 uba-2 uba-2 lin-29 lin-29 mex-1 mex-1 lit-1 lit-1 egl-20 egl-20 pptr-1 pptr-1 pod-2 pod-2 mat-2 mat-2 pop-1 pop-1 ced-12 ced-12 mat-1 mat-1 gsk-3 gsk-3 nsy-4 nsy-4 eri-5 eri-5 cnt-2 cnt-2 cyb-2.1 cyb-2.1 sep-1 sep-1 ced-1 ced-1 zig-5 zig-5 pie-1 pie-1 lin-22 lin-22 lin-17 lin-17 nob-1 nob-1 math-33 math-33 src-1 src-1 gpa-16 gpa-16 aph-2 aph-2 ubq-2 ubq-2 wrt-1 wrt-1 fzy-1 fzy-1 ceh-8 ceh-8 rbx-1 rbx-1 npp-10 npp-10 pgl-1 pgl-1 cul-2 cul-2 wrt-4 wrt-4 calf-1 calf-1 wrm-1 wrm-1 lat-1 lat-1 ced-5 ced-5 sor-3 sor-3 sir-2.4 sir-2.4 lin-39 lin-39 zyg-11 zyg-11 egl-5 egl-5 mab-5 mab-5 ced-10 ced-10 pptr-2 pptr-2 lin-18 lin-18 hlh-27 hlh-27 hlh-25 hlh-25 hlh-26 hlh-26 nsy-7 nsy-7 dsh-2 dsh-2 tag-250 tag-250 let-653 let-653 wrt-8 wrt-8 sma-6 sma-6 rig-6 rig-6 meg-4 meg-4 pry-1 pry-1 pal-1 pal-1 egl-19 egl-19 ced-7 ced-7 sop-2 sop-2 bar-1 bar-1 drh-3 drh-3 lin-44 lin-44 mig-21 mig-21 glp-1 glp-1 emb-27 emb-27 mat-3 mat-3 vab-3 vab-3 rsd-6 rsd-6 elli-1 elli-1 csr-1 csr-1 nmy-2 nmy-2 ekl-1 ekl-1 nop-1 nop-1 ego-1 ego-1 ubc-9 ubc-9 hlh-28 hlh-28 hlh-29 hlh-29 ceh-20 ceh-20 pha-4 pha-4 mom-2 mom-2 mbk-2 mbk-2 pam-1 pam-1 meg-3 meg-3 pos-1 pos-1 mex-3 mex-3 emb-30 emb-30 par-3 par-3 mes-1 mes-1 ced-6 ced-6 nsy-1 nsy-1
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
elc-1Skp1_POZ domain-containing protein. (124 aa)
cyb-2.2Cyclin N-terminal domain-containing protein; Belongs to the cyclin family. (339 aa)
par-1Serine/threonine-protein kinase par-1; Required for cytoplasmic partitioning and asymmetric cell division in early embryogenesis. Phosphorylates and restricts the asymmetry effector mex-5 (and possibly also mex-6) to the anterior cytoplasm of the zygote. Regulates mes-1 expression during early embryogenesis. Critical role in postembryonic vulval morphogenesis. Involved in the establishment of neuronal polarity. (1216 aa)
meg-1Uncharacterized protein. (636 aa)
meg-2Uncharacterized protein. (819 aa)
apr-1Adenomatous polyposis coli protein-related protein 1; Has a role in endoderm cell specification and pharyngeal development. Required for the migration of epithelial cells, organization of the anterior seam cells and ceh-13 expression during embryo morphogenesis. Prevents hyperactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway during endoderm development, probably by preventing hmp-2 nuclear translocation. During larval development, apr-1 is required for expression of lin-39 in P3-8.p. Shown to negatively regulate Wnt signaling in vulval precursor cells. Has a role in cell division by establishing [...] (1188 aa)
hmp-2Beta-catenin-like protein hmp-2; Required for cell migration during body enclosure and cell shape changes during body elongation. Plays a role in recruitment of the cadherin protein hmr-1 to adherens junctions. (704 aa)
apx-1Anterior pharynx in excess protein 1; Involved in the specification of the blastomere cell ABP fate. Contributes to the establishment of the dorsal-ventral axis in the early embryo. (515 aa)
cap-2F-actin-capping protein subunit beta; F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments. (270 aa)
par-514-3-3-like protein 1. (248 aa)
cog-1Homeobox domain-containing protein. (256 aa)
sek-1Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase sek-1; Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the p38 signal transduction pathway which is also composed of upstream effector nsy-1 and downstream effector pmk-1. May phosphorylate pmk-1. Downstream of CaMKII unc-43 and adapter protein tir- 1, plays a role in determining asymmetric cell fates in olfactory AWC neurons during neuronal development. Activation results in the repression of odorant receptor str-2 expression in one of the 2 AWC neurons. Involved in resistance to pathogenic Gram-positive [...] (336 aa)
mig-14Protein wntless homolog; Probable sorting receptor which regulates endocytosis and secretion of the wnt ligand egl-20. Recycling of mig-14 from the plasma membrane to the Golgi apparatus by the retromer complex is essential for its function. Its endosomal trafficking is regulated by its association with sorting nexin snx-3 on early endosomes and the mtm-6/mtm-9 myotubularin complex. Required in embryonic development for endoderm specification and the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Functions during vulval development, [...] (549 aa)
usp-46Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 46; Regulates the abundance of the glr-1 glutamate receptor in the ventral nerve cord by promoting its deubiquitination and preventing its degradation in the lysosome. Contributes to the regulation of embryonic polarity. (426 aa)
R151.8SANT domain-containing protein. (731 aa)
ref-1REgulator of Fusion. (367 aa)
unc-2EF-hand domain-containing protein. (2171 aa)
mig-5Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog mig-5; Plays a role in the signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple Wnt genes. Functions redundantly with other dishevelled family members throughout development. During embryonic and larval development, controls cell migration and/or cell fate specification of hypodermal cells, hypodermal seam cells, vulval precursor cells and, through distal tip cell migration, somatic gonad precursor cells. In early embryos, regulates the orientation of the mitotic spindle of blastomeres and specifically, along with dsh-2, is required for the cor [...] (672 aa)
cdk-1Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle. It is required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. p34 is a component of the kinase complex that phosphorylates the repetitive C-terminus of RNA polymerase II (By similarity). (332 aa)
T05H10.1USP domain-containing protein; Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (1326 aa)
mom-1Protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase porcupine; Key regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway that mediates lipid modification of Wnt proteins. Acts as a protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase that catalyzes the attachment of palmitoleate, a 16-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid (C16:1), to Wnt proteins (By similarity). Serine palmitoleylation of WNT proteins is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors (By similarity). Has a role in cell specification, specifically in blastomere signaling. Involved in cytosketetal polarity. Required for the orientation of mitotic spindle [...] (442 aa)
inx-19Innexin-19; Structural component of the gap junctions that specifically coordinates left-right asymmetry in the developing nervous system. Acts by forming gap junction network linking embryonic neurons and providing electrical coupling between cells, leading to promote or inhibit AWC signaling. Required for the left and right AWC olfactory neurons to establish asymmetric patterns of gene expression during embryogenesis. Acts autonomously. (454 aa)
unc-40Unc-40 protein. (1415 aa)
skn-1Protein skinhead-1; Transcription factor required to specify the fate of ventral blastomeres in the early embryo, and postembryonically for the development of the intestine. Directly regulates expression of zygotically expressed med-1 and med-2 to direct mesendoderm development. Required for stl-1 mRNA up- regulation in response to oxidative stress and anoxia. Required for the up-regulation of gcs-1 and several glutathione-S-transferase mRNAs in response to oxidative stress generated during pathogenic bacterial infection. In neurons, involved in mitochondrial fusion and behavioral reco [...] (623 aa)
mom-5Protein mom-5; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of gsk-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes (Probable). A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as pkc seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of gsk-3 kinase (Probable). B [...] (570 aa)
sys-1SYmmetrical Sister cell hermaphrodite gonad defect. (811 aa)
par-6Partitioning defective protein 6; Necessary for apicobasal and anterior-posterior asymmetries associated with cell adhesion and gastrulation during the first few cell cycles of embryogenesis. Required for localizing/ maintaining par-3 at the cell periphery. Regulates mes-1 expression and/or localization pattern during early embryogenesis. Acts together with par-3 and pkc-3 in maintaining epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Plays a role in endosome and Golgi body positioning. Belongs to the PAR6 family. (309 aa)
aph-1Gamma-secretase subunit aph-1; Essential subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral proteins such as Notch receptors (lin-12 or glp-1). It may represent a stabilizing cofactor for the presenilin homodimer that promotes the formation of a stable complex. Required for the localization of aph-2. (308 aa)
cwn-2Protein Wnt-2; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Probable developmental protein. May be a signaling molecule which affects the development of discrete regions of tissues. Is likely to signal over only few cell diameters. Involved in the correct positioning of the developing nerve ring and in axon guidance of SIA and SIB neurons, probably by binding to tyrosine kinase receptor cam-1. In addition, regulates the positioning of some head neuronal cells, muscle arms associated with the nerve ring and the excretory pore. Together with Wnt ligand cwn- [...] (360 aa)
uba-2SUMO-activating enzyme subunit uba-2; The dimeric enzyme acts as an E1 ligase for smo-1. It mediates ATP-dependent activation of smo-1 and formation of a thioester with a conserved cysteine residue on uba-2 (Probable). (582 aa)
lin-29Transcription factor. (459 aa)
mex-1Muscle EXcess. (494 aa)
lit-1Serine/threonine kinase NLK; Has a role in the Wnt signaling pathway controlling the asymmetry of cell divisions during embryogenesis. Operates in the AB and EMS cell lineages influencing cell specification. Required for body wall muscle development, endoderm development, pop-1 asymmetry and T- cell division asymmetry. Lit-1/wrm-1 complex regulates pop-1 localization and is required for pop-1/par-5 interaction. Plays a role in male tail tip morphogenesis. (634 aa)
egl-20Wnt homolog. (393 aa)
pptr-1Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit pptr-1; Probable regulatory subunit of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase let-92 which negatively regulates the insulin receptor signaling cascade composed of daf-2, age-1, akt-1, akt-2 and sgk-1 by promoting the dephosphorylation of akt-1 on 'Thr-350'. Negatively regulates several functions controlled by the insulin pathway including dauer formation, lifespan, fat storage and stress resistance. Plays a role in the asymmetric segregation of the P granule components during embryonic cell divisions but does not play an essentia [...] (542 aa)
pod-2Uncharacterized protein. (2165 aa)
mat-2Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins. Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation. Plays a role in regulating the abundance of glr-1 receptors [...] (1505 aa)
pop-1Protein pop-1; Part of the Wnt signaling pathway essential for the specification of the mesodermal cell fate in early embryos. Required for asymmetrical division of somatic gonadal precursor descendants which initiate axis formation required to control organ shape. Represses expression of target genes via its interaction with hda-1 histone deacetylase. Required for specification of the M lineage-derived coelomocyte and sex myoblast fate. Regulates coelomocyte fate by positively regulating proliferation and ceh-34 and possibly eya-1 expression in M.dlpa and M.drpa precursors. (438 aa)
ced-12Cell death abnormality protein 12; Involved in programmed apoptosis and necrosis. Required for the cell corpse engulfment process. Has roles in the formation of actin halos and distal tip cell migration. Negatively regulates the unc-6/Netrin receptor unc-5 to control distal tip cell migration along the anterior-posterior axis of the body. Plays no role in amphid axon outgrowth. (738 aa)
mat-1Cell division cycle protein 27 homolog; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle (By similarity). The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation. Plays a role in regulating [...] (788 aa)
gsk-3Glycogen synthase kinase-3; Phosphorylates oma-1, a regulator of the oocyte-to-embryo transition, enabling its degradation. Phosphorylates skn-1, preventing it from accumulating in nuclei and thus inhibiting phase II gene expression in the oxidative stress defense. Involved in mesendoderm specification and mitotic spindle orientation in EMS blastomeres. Thought to be a branch point in these processes as proteins downstream are not required. Negatively regulates Wnt signaling in vulval precursor cells and acts as a Wnt-independent repressor of med-1 and med-2 in the C lineage inhibiting [...] (362 aa)
nsy-4Neuronal SYmmetry. (303 aa)
eri-5Tudor domain-containing protein. (531 aa)
cnt-2Arf-GAP with ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein cnt-2; GTPase-activating protein for the ADP ribosylation factor family (Probable). During neurogenesis, involved in cell autonomous neuroblast asymmetric divisions that generate one precursor cell and one apoptotic cell probably by controlling endocytosis. In oocytes, involved in vitellogenin vit-2 uptake by regulating receptor rme-2 endocytosis; Belongs to the centaurin gamma-like family. (1107 aa)
cyb-2.1Cyclin N-terminal domain-containing protein; Belongs to the cyclin family. (317 aa)
sep-1Separin homolog sep-1; Cysteine protease, which plays a central role in homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I and in sister chromatid separation during embryonic mitosis. Promotes chromosome/sister chromatid segregation by cleaving the scc-1 (mitosis) and rec-8 (meiosis) subunits of the cohesin complex at the onset of anaphase (Probable). May cleave histone H3-like protein cpar-1 during meiosis I metaphase- anaphase transition. Promotes cortical granule exocytosis after oocyte fertilization during the first meiotic anaphase. Essential for embryonic cytokinesis by regulating [...] (1262 aa)
ced-1Cell death abnormality protein 1; Involved in programmed cell death, also called apoptosis, in both somatic and germ cells. Acts by recruiting ced-6 to phagosomes which enables actin-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization and subsequent engulfment of the apoptotic cell corpse. Has a role in the association of ppk-3 and rab-7 with the phagosomal surface which is necessary for the incorporation of lysosomes to phagosomes during phagosome maturation. Activates the expression of unfolded protein response genes, which are involved in the immune response to live bacteria. (1111 aa)
zig-5Zwei Ig domain protein zig-5; Together with zig-8, required postembryonically to maintain the position of ASI and ASH head neuron cell bodies and ventral nerve cord axons of PVQ, PVP and HSN neurons by preventing their displacement that could occur during body growth and movement. May act by reducing L1CAM-like protein sax-7 (long isoform) adhesion. (260 aa)
pie-1Pharynx and intestine in excess protein 1; Maternally provided PIE-1 is required for germline cell fate determination. Functions as a repressor of RNA polymerase II-dependent gene expression in the developing germline. Required for expression of nos-2 in P4 germline blastomere cells. Inhibits the histone deacetylase activity of hda-1. Represses transcriptional activation of cdk-9 and cit-1.1, which are members of the P-TEFb complex. (335 aa)
lin-22BHLH domain-containing protein. (173 aa)
lin-17Transmembrane receptor LIN-17; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family. (558 aa)
nob-1Homeobox domain-containing protein. (243 aa)
math-33Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins. (1138 aa)
src-1Tyrosine protein-kinase src-1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which plays a role in endoderm development by controlling spindle orientation in EMS blastomere, probably downstream of receptor mes-1. Also involved in embryonic body morphogenesis, especially in the formation of the pharynx and the intestine. May be dispensable for pharyngeal muscle organization in the adult. Probably phosphorylates netrin receptor unc-5, to regulate distal tip cell (DTC) migration during gonad development and in axon repulsion. Plays a role in the migration of the QR neuroblast, a precursor of the A [...] (537 aa)
gpa-16Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-16 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. In the 1-cell embryo, probably together with goa-1, controls nuclear rotation and spindle elongation during mitosis. During the first embryonic cell divisons, plays a role in gpr-1/2 cortical localization and in the proper orientation of EMS blastomere mitotic spindle. Belongs to the G-alpha family. (357 aa)
aph-2Nicastrin; Essential subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch (glp-1 or lin-12). It may represents a stabilizing cofactor required for the assembly of the gamma-secretase complex. (723 aa)
ubq-2Ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40; [Ubiquitin]: exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-48-linked is invol [...] (128 aa)
wrt-1Warthog protein 1 C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. (484 aa)
fzy-1WD repeat-containing protein fzy-1; Plays a role in metaphase-anaphase transition during meiosis I. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation ; Belongs to the WD repeat CDC20/Fizzy family. (507 aa)
ceh-8Homeobox protein ceh-8. (276 aa)
rbx-1RING-box protein 1; Component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Through the RING-type zinc finger, seems to recruit the E2 ubiquitination enzyme to the complex and brings it into close proximity to the substrate (By similarity). Essential for meiosis, mitotic chromosomal condensation and cytokinesis. Involved in histone H3 phosphorylation. (110 aa)
npp-10Nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96; Nup98 and Nup96 play a role in the bidirectional transport across the nucleoporin complex (NPC). Required for the nuclear import of hcp-4 during mitotic prophase, this step is essential for centrosome assembly and resolution. Regulates nucleoporin npp-5 localization to the nuclear membrane during interphase and to kinetochores during metaphase. Has a role in P granule integrity; may promote the 'liquid phase' of P granules by increasing the number of interacting RNA-protein complexes. Binds nos-2 mRNA, probably indirectly, and promotes its accu [...] (1678 aa)
pgl-1Guanyl-specific ribonuclease pgl-1; Guanyl-specific endoribonuclease which cleaves the phosphodiester bond in single-stranded RNA between the 3'-guanylic residue and the 5'-OH residue of adjacent nucleotide, resulting in the formation of a corresponding 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediate. Together with the P-granule component pgl-3, is involved in the formation of P-granules. Together with pgl-3, probably recruits other granule components such as pos-1, mex-3 and glh-1 to P-granules. In addition, may act redundantly with pgl-3 to protect germ cells from excessive germline apoptosis du [...] (771 aa)
cul-2Cullin-2; Core component of multiple cullin-RING-based CBC (Cul2- ElonginB-ElonginC) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. The functional specificity of the CBC complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component (By similarity). May function in ubiquitin-mediated degradation of CKIs to target cki-1 for degradation. CBC(zif-1) may ensure germline precursor cell [...] (791 aa)
wrt-4Warthog protein 4 C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. (557 aa)
calf-1CAlcium channel Localization Factor. (177 aa)
wrm-1Armadillo repeat-containing protein wrm-1; Antagonistic role in the Wnt signaling pathway that operates in embryogenesis. When located at the cortex it has been shown to inhibit Wnt signaling during asymmetric cell division but when relocated to the nucleus it shows positive regulation. Has a role in blastomere signaling during endoderm specification. Activates lit-1- dependent kinase activity. Wrm-1/lit-1 complex promotes phosphorylation, down-regulation and subcellular relocation of pop-1. Can substitute for bar-1 indicating functional redundancy. Appears to have a role in centrosome [...] (796 aa)
lat-1Latrophilin-like protein 1; Has a role in the establishment of anterior-posterior polarity in tissues during embryogenesis. Required for the alignment of the mitotic spindles and division planes. May have a role in cell death events. Required for normal defection and oocyte fertilization. Involved in sperm function. Operates in pharyngeal pumping during feeding. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. LN-TM7 subfamily. (1014 aa)
ced-5CED-5. (1781 aa)
sor-3Sop-2-related protein 3; Probably acts synergistically with sop-2 to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes in order to regulate various neurogenic identities. Specification of some neuronal identities also involves expression of non-Hox genes. Specifies dopaminergic and serotonergic neuronal cell fate, and regulates neurotransmitter choice and axon pathfinding. (531 aa)
sir-2.4NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sir-2.4; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase. (292 aa)
lin-39Homeobox protein lin-39; Transcription factor that binds to the consensus 5'- TGATNNAT(G/T)(G/A)-3' PBC/Hox motif of target genes to regulate gene expression. Binds to the consensus PBC/Hox motif lineage enhancer region of sem-2 to promote cell fate specification in the postembryonic mesoderm (also known as the M lineage). Regulates the expression of mig-13 which controls the asymmetric distribution of actin cytoskeleton-binding protein cor-1 in Q neuroblasts. This in turn controls the polarity migration of Q neuroblasts and the subsequent mid-body region-specific development. Belongs [...] (253 aa)
zyg-11Early embryogenesis protein zyg-11; Acts as target recruitment subunit in the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex zyg-11-cul-2-elc-1. Required for metaphase to anaphase transition and M phase exit at meiosis II. Regulates polarity establishment. (799 aa)
egl-5Homeobox protein egl-5; Essential for the determination of specific neurons. (223 aa)
mab-5Homeobox protein mab-5; Transcription factor that binds to the promoter region of the transcription factor lin-39 to repress its expression in Q neuroblasts and thereby direct left Q neuroblast (QL) daughter cell migration. During postembryonic development, required for posterior-specific pattern formation. Within the posterior body region, controls epidermal, neuronal, and mesodermal cell differentiation. Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. (200 aa)
ced-10Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...] (191 aa)
pptr-2Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit; Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit. (607 aa)
lin-18Inactive tyrosine-protein kinase RYK; Has no detectable kinase activity in vitro and is unlikely to function as a tyrosine kinase in vivo (By similarity). Receptor which may act as a receptor for Wnt ligand mom-2. Plays a role in controlling P7.p vulva precursor cell lineage orientation during vulva development. Regulates pop-1 asymmetric distribution in P7.p and its daughter cells. Plays a role in the migration of ALM neurons during embryogenesis. (583 aa)
hlh-27BHLH domain-containing protein. (268 aa)
hlh-25BHLH domain-containing protein. (268 aa)
hlh-26Helix-loop-helix protein 26; Binds DNA via the E-box sequence 5'-CACGTG-3'. Binds DNA as a homodimer. Represses lag-2 transcription during embryogenesis via Notch signaling, in an unc-37-dependent manner. Also represses tbx-37 independent of Notch signaling. (210 aa)
nsy-7Neuronal SYmmetry. (294 aa)
dsh-2DiSHevelled related. (759 aa)
tag-250Putative protein tag-250. (626 aa)
let-653Protein let-653; Required for epithelial tube development and shaping. Involved in the morphogenesis and function of the three unicellular tubes of the excretory system, the canal cell, the duct cell and the pore cell. Also plays a role in cuticle development, alae formation and shaping of the vulval lumen. Required for larval development. (812 aa)
wrt-8Warthog protein 8 C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. (550 aa)
sma-6Serine/threonine-protein kinase sma-6; Involved in TGF-beta pathway. May be a receptor for daf-7; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (636 aa)
rig-6Contactin rig-6; Probable cell adhesion protein involved in patterning of the nervous system, playing a role in ALM and PLM touch receptor axon growth and VNC axon navigation. By associating with the transmembrane protein sax-7, mediates axonal interactions to establish synaptic connections between the AVG interneuron and the two PHC sensory neurons. Also required for non-neuronal cell migration in the excretory canal, regulating excretory canal elongation and excretory cell morphogenesis. Plays a role in regulating male mating behavior. (1196 aa)
meg-4Uncharacterized protein. (832 aa)
pry-1Axin-like protein pry-1; Works in parallel with axl-1 in negatively regulating bar-1 signaling in vulval precursor cells and Q neuroblasts. Inhibits Wnt signaling, which affects tissue specific expression of Hox genes, egl- 5, lin-39 and mab-5. This in turn affects QR (postembryonic neuroblast) cell migration, vulval cell fate specification, and the development of sensory structures by the seam cell lineage. Has a role in alae V cell patterning, ray formation in the male tail and axon guidance. Does not affect B cell polarity. (586 aa)
pal-1Homeobox protein pal-1; Transcriptional activator. Interacts with promoter regions for tbx-8.9, tbx-9, elt-1, hnd-1, scrt-1, and vab-7 genes. Binds the sequence ATTTATGAC. Binds to the enhancer region of the hlh-1 gene promoter during embryonic body wall muscle development. Activates the gene for mab-5 in embryo development. Necessary for vab-7 expression in C blastomeres in the posterior of embryos. Required for posterior V6 neuroectoblast cell fate specification during postembryonic neurogenesis (patterning) which generates the characteristic ray lineage during male tail development. [...] (270 aa)
egl-19Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha; Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death; Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. (1877 aa)
ced-7ABC transporter ced-7; Functions in the engulfment of cell corpses during embryonic programmed cell death to translocate molecules that mediate homotypic adhesion between cell surfaces of the dying and engulfing cells. (1758 aa)
sop-2Polycomb protein sop-2; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Also required to repress expression of other genes and for localization of sor-1. Binds RNA. (737 aa)
bar-1Beta-catenin/armadillo-related protein 1; Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway which affects cell fate and may regulate the stem cell divisions of seam cells during larval development. Functions as a transcriptional activator but is dependent on the interaction with pop-1. Involved in maintaining lin-39 Hox expression and regulating glr-1 abundance at the synapses. Required for mab-5 expression during Q neuroblast migration and for oxidative stress-induced daf-16 signaling. Has roles in egg laying, vulva precursor cell fate determination, Q neuroblast migration, posterior ectoderm [...] (811 aa)
drh-3Dicer Related Helicase. (1119 aa)
lin-44Abnormal cell lineage protein 44; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (By similarity). Affects male tail development, vulval precursor cell specification and egg laying. Involved in morphogenesis by influencing polarity of asymmetric cell divisions of the B, U, and F cells in the male, and the T cell in males and hermaphrodites. Controls spindle orientation in B-gamma cell division during male copulatory spicule development. Involved in specification of the P7.p lineage during vulval development. Has a role in providing polarity and default lin-17 [...] (348 aa)
mig-21Abnormal cell migration protein 21; Required for determination of left/right asymmetry in nervous system. Acts together with unc-40 to control an initial left-right asymmetric polarization of the Q neuroblasts. Mig-21 and unc-40 may control the asymmetry in Wnt signaling response by restricting posterior polarization to one of the 2 Q neuroblasts. Involved in left- side QL posterior migration. In right-side QR, unc-40 and mig-21 pathways mutually inhibit each other in posterior migration, allowing anterior QR migration. (313 aa)
glp-1Protein glp-1; Involved in the specification of the cell fates of the blastomeres, ABa and APa. Proper signaling by glp-1 induces ABa descendants to produce anterior pharyngeal cells, and APa descendants to adopt a different fate. Contributes to the establishment of the dorsal-ventral axis in early embryos. Regulates germ cell mitotic proliferation probably by regulating MAP kinase phosphatase lip-1 expression. Plays a negative role in lifespan. (1295 aa)
emb-27Cell division cycle protein 16 homolog; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle (By similarity). The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation. Plays a role in regulating [...] (655 aa)
mat-3Cell division cycle protein 23 homolog; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins. Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation. Plays a role in regulating the abundance of glr-1 receptor [...] (673 aa)
vab-3Homeobox domain-containing protein. (455 aa)
rsd-6Tudor domain-containing protein. (689 aa)
elli-1Enlarged germline granules protein 1; Plays a role in modulating RNAi activity and P-granule accumulation in the germline. May function in association with CSR-1 complex components such as drh-3 to regulate RNA transcript accumulation in germ cells. (277 aa)
csr-1Piwi domain-containing protein. (1030 aa)
nmy-2Non-muscle MYosin; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family. (2003 aa)
ekl-1Uncharacterized protein. (606 aa)
nop-1Pseudocleavage protein nop-1; Required for formation of the pseudocleavage furrow during the first cleavage of the embryo and also mediates aster-induced furrowing during cytokinesis. Promotes cortical recruitment of ani-1 and nmy-2 during pseudocleavage and cytokinesis and promotes the accumulation of actin at furrowing regions. Regulates establishment of embryonic cell polarity. (759 aa)
ego-1RNA-directed RNA polymerase related EGO-1. (1632 aa)
ubc-9SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein smo-1 from the aos-1-uba-2 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required to sumoylate the ETS transcription factor lin-1 and the Polycomb protein sop-2. Required for embryonic development, fertility, vulval morphogenesis and inhibition of vulval cell fates. Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (166 aa)
hlh-28BHLH domain-containing protein. (239 aa)
hlh-29BHLH domain-containing protein. (239 aa)
ceh-20Homeobox protein ceh-20; Transcription factor that binds to the 5'-TGATNNAT(G/T)(G/A)- 3' PBC/Hox lineage enhancer region of sem-2 to promote cell fate specification in the postembryonic mesoderm (also known as the M lineage). Has a role in the mig-13 pathway to promote the guidance, migration and positioning of Q neuroblasts and their descendants along the anteroposterior body axis and the anterior migration of BDU interneurons. Also required for normal vulval formation. (338 aa)
pha-4Defective pharyngeal development protein 4; Acts as a transcription factor required for formation of the pharyngeal primordium. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-T[AG]TT[TG][AG][TC]-3' with variations of the sequence affecting onset of target gene expression. Activates a wide array of pharyngeal genes including ceh-22 and myo-2 and represses ectodermal genes lin-26 and elt-3, ensuring pharyngeal cell fate. Required for recruitment of htz-1 to a subset of pharyngeal promoters to ensure gene activation and also acts synergistically with tbx-2 in pharyngeal development. Acts in the regul [...] (506 aa)
mom-2Protein mom-2; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Required in embryonic development for endoderm specification and the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in cleavage axis determination. Binds to receptor tyrosine kinase cam-1. Together with wnt ligand lin-44, plays a role in controlling vulva precursor cell P7.p lineage orientation during vulva development, probably by acting as a ligand for tyrosine kinase receptor lin-18. May act redundantly with other Wnt ligands such [...] (362 aa)
mbk-2Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase mbk-2; Required for oocyte-to-zygote transition in which it phosphorylates oocyte proteins, including mei-1, oma-1, oma-2, mex-5, and mex-6, modifying their activity and/or stability following meiosis. Functions in both spindle positioning and in the posterior localization of cytoplasmic determinants, including pie-1, pos-1, and pgl-1, in early embryos. Involved in the asymmetric distribution of plk-1 at the 2-cell embryonic stage. (817 aa)
pam-1Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase; Aminopeptidase. Required for the exit from meiosis, probably upstream of cyclin cyb-3. Involved in the establishment of the anterior-posterior polarity at the embryonic 1-cell stage by regulating the dynamics of sperm-donated centrosomes. Plays a role in oocyte maturation. Required for embryonic development. Belongs to the peptidase M1 family. (948 aa)
meg-3Uncharacterized protein. (862 aa)
pos-1Cytoplasmic zinc-finger protein. (264 aa)
mex-3Muscle EXcess. (443 aa)
emb-30Abnormal embryogenesis protein 30; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle (By similarity). The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in somatic and germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior- posterior axis formation. Negatively regulat [...] (1027 aa)
par-3Partitioning defective protein 3; In cooperation with pkc-3, required for establishing cell polarity and regulating spindle orientation in the early embryo. Localization is crucial for recruiting par-6 and pkc-3 to the peripheral apical cortex and restricting par-2 to basolateral surfaces. Necessary for apicobasal and anterior-posterior asymmetries associated with cell adhesion and gastrulation during the first few cycles of embryogenesis, and also for epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Regulates the asymmetric localization of csnk-1, ppk-1 and gpr-1/2 during the first [...] (1533 aa)
mes-1Protein mes-1; During early embryogenesis, controls asymmetric cell division and the asymmetric localization of P granules of germline precursor P2 and its descendant P3. Probably upstream of tyrosine kinase src-1, plays a role in endoderm development by controlling spindle orientation during EMS blastomere cell division. Controls EMS spindle orientation probably by promoting lin-5 and gpr-1/2 enrichment at, and let-99 exclusion from the junction between P2 and EMS cells. (966 aa)
ced-6Cell death protein 6; May function as an adapter protein in a pathway that mediates recognition and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells during normal development. Promotes engulfment of cells at both early and late stages of apoptosis. Required for actin reorganization around apoptotic cells. Belongs to the ced-6 family. (492 aa)
nsy-1Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase nsy-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which, by phosphorylating and activating sek-1, plays an important role in the activation of the p38 pathway also composed of the downstream effectors sek-1 and pmk-1. Downstream of CaMKII unc-43 and adapter protein tir-1, plays a role in determining asymmetric cell fates in olfactory AWC neurons during neuronal development. Activation results in the repression of odorant receptor str-2 expression in one of the 2 AWC neurons. Involved in resistance to pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteri [...] (1498 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Caenorhabditis elegans
NCBI taxonomy Id: 6239
Other names: C. elegans, Rhabditis elegans, roundworm
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