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| | smg-4 | Smg4_UPF3 domain-containing protein. (368 aa) |
| | xnp-1 | Transcriptional regulator ATRX homolog; Required for embryonic development and gonadogenesis. Also, functions redundantly with the transcriptional repressor lin-35 to regulate somatic gonad development. (1359 aa) |
| | unc-5 | Netrin receptor unc-5; Receptor for netrin (unc-6) required for axon guidance. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Axon migration is mediated by the secreted unc-6, which promotes attraction of neurons and axons through binding to the unc-40 receptor, while repulsion requires both unc-5 and unc-40 receptors. Involved in the ventral-dorsal and anterior-posterior migration of distal tip cells along the body, which may be mediated by Wnt receptor mom-5, ced- 10/Rac, ced-12/ELMO and mig-2/RhoG. (947 aa) |
| | fkh-6 | Fork-head domain-containing protein. (323 aa) |
| | rnt-1 | Runt domain-containing protein. (301 aa) |
| | csn-5 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5; Probable protease subunit of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. In the complex, it probably acts as the catalytic center that mediates the cleavage of Nedd8 from cullins. It however has no metalloprotease activity by itself and requires the other subunits of [...] (368 aa) |
| | fem-3 | Sex-determination protein fem-3; Required for male development. In XO (male) animals, fem-3 directs male differentiation in all tissues. In XX (hermaphrodite) animals, it specifies the first 80 or so germ cells to be sperm. Negatively regulates male development when bound to tra-2. Together with fem-2 associates with the CBC(fem-1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of tra-1. (388 aa) |
| | let-526 | ARID domain-containing protein. (1768 aa) |
| | egl-27 | Egg-laying defective protein 27; Transcription factor which promotes stress survival and delays aging. Required for cell cycle progression and development of the mesodermal and endodermal embryonic lineages. Required for normal T-cell polarity, for correct migration of QL neuroblast descendants and other cells, for embryonic patterning and for the embryonic expression of hlh-8. Also required for the transdifferentiation of the Y rectal epithelial cell to the PDA motor neuron during larval development. (1129 aa) |
| | grd-9 | Ground-like domain-containing protein. (588 aa) |
| | lim-7 | LIM domain family. (452 aa) |
| | egl-38 | Paired domain-containing protein. (289 aa) |
| | cogc-2 | Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 2; Required for normal Golgi morphology and function. (681 aa) |
| | pro-2 | Nucleolar complex protein 2 homolog; Required for normal somatic gonad development and for regulation of germline development and proliferation. (715 aa) |
| | hda-2 | Putative histone deacetylase 2; Probably responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) (By similarity). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (By similarity). Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). As a likely component of a histone deacetylase complex, together with saeg-1 and hda-2, functions downstream of the cAMP-dependent kinase e [...] (507 aa) |
| | egl-5 | Homeobox protein egl-5; Essential for the determination of specific neurons. (223 aa) |
| | mab-5 | Homeobox protein mab-5; Transcription factor that binds to the promoter region of the transcription factor lin-39 to repress its expression in Q neuroblasts and thereby direct left Q neuroblast (QL) daughter cell migration. During postembryonic development, required for posterior-specific pattern formation. Within the posterior body region, controls epidermal, neuronal, and mesodermal cell differentiation. Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. (200 aa) |
| | pfd-1 | Probable prefoldin subunit 1; Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins (By similarity). Has a role in gonadogenesis; Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family. (117 aa) |
| | nhr-67 | Nuclear hormone receptor family member nhr-67; Orphan nuclear receptor. In males, plays an essential role in the migration of the linker cell which guides gonad elongation during the L3 and L4 stages of larval development by negatively regulating the expression of netrin receptor unc-5 at the mid-L3 stage. (416 aa) |
| | ipp-5 | Probable type I inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase; Belongs to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase type I family. (409 aa) |
| | pak-1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase pak-1; Required for hypodermal cell fusion, together with cdc-42 and ced-10, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. Plays a redundant role with max-2 in dorsal axonal guidance in ventral cord commissural motoneurons and in P neuroblast migration. Acts probably downstream of Rho GTPases mig-2 and ced-10 to regulate these 2 processes. Involved in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. During gonad morphogenesis and probably in association with pix-1 and git-1, involved in the migration of distal tip ce [...] (572 aa) |
| | ced-10 | Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...] (191 aa) |
| | nuo-1 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial; Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. (479 aa) |
| | lin-41 | Protein lin-41; Heterochronic protein which acts downstream of let-7 in temporal patterning. Plays a role in the developmental timing of postembryonic hypodermal seam cell division and fusion events and adult alae production. Represses lin-29 during late larval stages, which prevents terminal differentiation of hypodermal seam cells and promotes their division. Involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation, uses two independent pathways. Has direct and specific RNA-binding activity and, depending on the location (5'UTR or 3'UTR) of the target site, triggers either mRNA decay or repr [...] (1147 aa) |
| | sem-5 | Sex muscle abnormal protein 5; Adapter protein which modulates signaling mediated by several receptor tyrosine kinases such as egl-15 and let-23 probably acting upstream of let-60/ras. Negatively regulates vulva induction probably downstream of let-23. Involved in sex myoblast migration. Negatively regulates fluid homeostasis probably downstream of egl-15. During the formation of neuromuscular junctions at the larval stage, negatively regulates membrane protrusion from body wall muscles probably downstream of egl- 15. Involved in cytoskeleton dynamics and is recruited by mig-13 to the [...] (228 aa) |
| | tra-2 | Sex-determining transformer protein 2; Plays a major role in controlling sexual cell fates. Promotes female development in XX animals where it sequesters one or more of the FEM proteins to the membrane thereby freeing the tra-1 protein (a putative transcription factor) to enter the nucleus and promote female development. In XO animals it acts as a receptor for her-1 which prevents it from binding to FEM proteins thereby repressing the activity of tra-1. Negatively regulates male development when bound to fem-3 and is required together with tra-1 for promoting spermatogenesis. Also requ [...] (1475 aa) |
| | lin-18 | Inactive tyrosine-protein kinase RYK; Has no detectable kinase activity in vitro and is unlikely to function as a tyrosine kinase in vivo (By similarity). Receptor which may act as a receptor for Wnt ligand mom-2. Plays a role in controlling P7.p vulva precursor cell lineage orientation during vulva development. Regulates pop-1 asymmetric distribution in P7.p and its daughter cells. Plays a role in the migration of ALM neurons during embryogenesis. (583 aa) |
| | hop-1 | Presenilin hop-1; Probable catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors (lin-12 or glp-1). Probably works redundantly of lin-12, which provides more presenilin function. (358 aa) |
| | elf-1 | ETS domain-containing protein. (420 aa) |
| | ptr-1 | SSD domain-containing protein. (956 aa) |
| | pbrm-1 | HMG box domain-containing protein. (1883 aa) |
| | eff-1 | Epithelial Fusion Failure. (658 aa) |
| | dsh-2 | DiSHevelled related. (759 aa) |
| | dmd-4 | DM domain-containing protein. (260 aa) |
| | hlh-12 | BHLH domain-containing protein. (150 aa) |
| | pat-4 | Integrin-linked protein kinase homolog pat-4; Probable pseudokinase that acts as an adapter protein. Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. Involved in the assembly of dense bodies and M lines during body wall muscle development by recruiting several of their components including integrin pat-3, cpna-1, unc-89 and unc- 112 to integrin-mediated attachment sites. Plays a role in distal tip cell (DTC) migration and in oocyte development probably by regulating the actin cytoskeleton. During the formation of neuromus [...] (466 aa) |
| | mab-23 | Putative transcription factor MAB-23. (175 aa) |
| | sma-6 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase sma-6; Involved in TGF-beta pathway. May be a receptor for daf-7; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (636 aa) |
| | ptr-2 | SSD domain-containing protein. (933 aa) |
| | lin-35 | Retinoblastoma-like protein homolog lin-35; Key regulator of cell division which acts as a transcriptional repressor and negatively regulates cell cycle progression in its active unphosphorylated form, but allows cell cycle progression when phosphorylated. When unphosphorylated and in its active form, interacts with E2F transcription factors such as efl-1 to repress their transcriptional activity and negatively regulate the progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle during postembryonic development. May furthermore act with cell cycle regulator cki-1 to negatively regulate cell [...] (961 aa) |
| | ceh-30 | Homeobox protein ceh-30; Cell-type specific anti-apoptotic transcription factor required for the sexually dimorphic survival of the male-specific CEM (cephalic male) sensory neurons during sex determination. In hermaphrodites, the homologous cells undergo programmed cell death due to transcriptional repression of ceh-30 by tra-1, the terminal regulator in the sex determination pathway. (237 aa) |
| | rsp-6 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 6; Plays a functionally redundant role in shifting germ cell sexual differentiation in hermaprodites. Required for the development of somatic gonad structures and for progression from larval stage to adulthood; Belongs to the splicing factor SR family. (179 aa) |
| | dmd-10 | DM domain-containing protein. (269 aa) |
| | atp-2 | ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the c [...] (538 aa) |
| | sdc-2 | Sex determination and dosage compensation protein sdc-2; Component of the SDC complex that functions in sex determination and in X chromosome dosage compensation specifically in hermaphrodite (XX) animals. Required for the recruitment of the condensin I-like dosage compensation complex to the male sex-determining autosomal gene her-1, thereby contributing to its repression and initiating hermaphrodite sexual development. Plays a central role in X-chromosome recognition and in the recruitment and assembly of the dosage compensation complex and the dosage compensation protein dpy-21 onto [...] (2962 aa) |
| | mig-2 | Rac-like GTPase. (195 aa) |
| | cye-1 | G1/S-specific cyclin-E; Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G1/S (start) transition. In association with cdk-2, regulates proliferation, quiescent state and cell fate during the development of several cell lineages. In the embryo, initiates the establishment of cell polarity through the recruitment of the centrosomal proteins spd-2 and spd-5 during prophase. During the development of the vulva, controls the onset of vulval cell terminal differentiation by controlling the duration of G1 phase. During hypoderm development at early larval stages, controls syncytial fate of [...] (524 aa) |
| | grd-8 | Ground-like domain-containing protein. (373 aa) |
| | acn-1 | Inactive angiotensin-converting enzyme-related protein; Inactive as a metallopeptidase, due to a lack of active site residues. Required for larval molting, male tail development, and formation of adult alae. Acts in the heterochronic pathway and plays a role in the developmental timing of postembryonic hypodermal seam cell division and adult alae production. Acts synergistically with apl-1 in let-7 regulated postembryonic cell division events. Might act downstream of the heterochronic protein lin-41. Negative regulator of lifespan, heat and oxidative stress response and age-related deg [...] (906 aa) |
| | acin-1 | ACINus (Mammalian Apoptotic Chromatin condensation Inducer in the Nucleus) homolog. (580 aa) |
| | hnd-1 | BHLH domain-containing protein. (226 aa) |
| | eor-2 | EOR-2A. (972 aa) |
| | ptr-4 | SSD domain-containing protein. (960 aa) |
| | lfe-2 | Inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase homolog; Probably by regulating inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate levels, negatively regulates posterior body wall muscle contractions required for defecation and let-23 signaling pathway that controls spermathecal dilation and ovulation. May also regulate ovulation downstream of actin cross-linker fln-1. (494 aa) |
| | gale-1 | UDP-glucose 4-epimerase; Catalyzes two distinct but analogous reactions: the reversible epimerization of UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose and the reversible epimerization of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to UDP-N- acetylgalactosamine. The reaction with UDP-Gal plays a critical role in the Leloir pathway of galactose catabolism in which galactose is converted to the glycolytic intermediate glucose 6-phosphate. It contributes to the catabolism of dietary galactose and enables the endogenous biosynthesis of both UDP-Gal and UDP-GalNAc when exogenous sources are limited. Both UDP-sugar interconversi [...] (349 aa) |
| | uba-1 | UBA_e1_C domain-containing protein; Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family. (1113 aa) |
| | unc-112 | Protein unc-112; Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. Probable regulator of cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. Required during initial muscle assembly to form dense bodies and M-lines. (720 aa) |
| | unc-130 | Fork-head domain-containing protein. (333 aa) |
| | smg-1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase smg-1; Serine/threonine protein kinase involved in mRNA surveillance. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Involved in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons by phosphorylating smg-2. (2322 aa) |
| | sqv-7 | UDP-sugar transporter sqv-7; Involved in the import of UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA), UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) and UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal) from the cytoplasm into the Golgi lumen for the biosynthesis of glycoconjugates that play a pivotal role in development. Involved in the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Required for embryonic development. Involved in vulva epithelium invagination and embryonic development. Involved in the directed migration of hermaphrodite-specific neurons. Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35D subfamily. (329 aa) |
| | hda-1 | Histone deacetylase 1; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression. Plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Involved in the endoderm determination possibly by repressing end-1 expression. Also involved in vulval development, possibly by repressing lag-2 expression. In association with akir-1, plays a role in regula [...] (461 aa) |
| | unc-129 | TGF_BETA_2 domain-containing protein. (407 aa) |
| | bar-1 | Beta-catenin/armadillo-related protein 1; Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway which affects cell fate and may regulate the stem cell divisions of seam cells during larval development. Functions as a transcriptional activator but is dependent on the interaction with pop-1. Involved in maintaining lin-39 Hox expression and regulating glr-1 abundance at the synapses. Required for mab-5 expression during Q neuroblast migration and for oxidative stress-induced daf-16 signaling. Has roles in egg laying, vulva precursor cell fate determination, Q neuroblast migration, posterior ectoderm [...] (811 aa) |
| | let-767 | Very-long-chain 3-oxooacyl-coA reductase let-767; Required for branched chain fatty acid synthesis. Catalyzes the reduction of the 3-ketoacyl-CoA intermediate that is formed in each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) serve as precursors for ceramide and sphingolipids. May also be required for sterol hormone production; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. 17-beta-HSD 3 subfamily. (337 aa) |
| | smp-2 | Sema domain-containing protein; Belongs to the semaphorin family. (649 aa) |
| | rab-8 | RAB family. (211 aa) |
| | atx-2 | Ataxin-2 homolog; Probable RNA-binding protein that negatively regulates the translation of targets. Functions with RNA-binding protein szy-20 to ensure embryonic cell division, and to this end, plays a role in the regulation of centrosome assembly, position and size, and in astral microtubule outgrowth and nucleation. Required for gonad development, germ cell proliferation and for the production of oocytes. Regulates whole body growth and fat accumulation in response to food availability, and this may be through the mTOR pathway, upstream of daf-15 and rheb-1. Belongs to the ataxin-2 [...] (1026 aa) |
| | sup-17 | Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 homolog; Metalloprotease (By similarity). Acts together with protease adm-4 and in a cell autonomous manner to facilitate lin-12/Notch signaling during developmental cell fate decision, including anchor cell/ventral uterine precursor cell decision and vulva precursor cell specification. By modulating lin-12/Notch signaling, plays a role in germline development. Probably by modulating BMP-like Sma/Mab signaling via the shedding of unc-40 ectodomain, involved in the regulation of body size and mesoderm development. Probably b [...] (922 aa) |
| | lin-44 | Abnormal cell lineage protein 44; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (By similarity). Affects male tail development, vulval precursor cell specification and egg laying. Involved in morphogenesis by influencing polarity of asymmetric cell divisions of the B, U, and F cells in the male, and the T cell in males and hermaphrodites. Controls spindle orientation in B-gamma cell division during male copulatory spicule development. Involved in specification of the P7.p lineage during vulval development. Has a role in providing polarity and default lin-17 [...] (348 aa) |
| | let-2 | Collagen alpha-2(IV) chain; Collagen type IV is specific for basement membranes (Probable). Together with fbl-1 and downstream of metalloprotease mig- 17, recruits nidogen nid-1 to the gonad basement membrane thereby probably inducing basement membrane remodeling required for the directional migration of distal tip cells. Required to restrict presynaptic growth at the neuromuscular junctions in late larval stage and in adult motor neurons. Vital for embryonic development. (1759 aa) |
| | swsn-4 | SWI/SNF nucleosome remodeling complex component. (1474 aa) |
| | sin-3 | Paired amphipathic helix protein sin-3; Probable transcriptional repressor required for the deposition of dimethylated 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me2) on asynapsed chromosome pairs (both autosomes and sex chromosomes) during meiosis, but this does not seem to solely affect the transcriptional status. Plays a role in ray fusion and patterning in the male tail, and this may be through activity of the histone deacetylase complex (HDAC). (1507 aa) |
| | pkc-3 | Protein kinase C-like 3; Required for the normal progression of embryogenesis and viability of the organism. Plays an indispensable role in establishing embryonic polarity and in recruiting and maintaining par-6 to the periphery, through interaction with par-3. Required for epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Phosphorylates serine residues of num-1. Required for the expression of antimicrobial peptide nlp-29 in response in response to fungal infection or physical injury. (597 aa) |
| | dmd-5 | DM domain-containing protein. (280 aa) |
| | mig-32 | RING-type domain-containing protein. (549 aa) |
| | dmd-6 | DM domain-containing protein. (470 aa) |
| | vab-3 | Homeobox domain-containing protein. (455 aa) |
| | git-1 | GIT1 (Mammalian G protein-coupled receptor kinase InTeractor 1) homolog. (670 aa) |
| | lin-26 | Transcription factor lin-26; Presumed to be a transcription factor required to specify the fates of hypodermal and neuron-associated support cells. Functions during vulval development, playing a role in vulval precursor cell fate specification. (490 aa) |
| | cdk-4 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 homolog; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which, in association with cyclin D-like protein cyd-1, is required for the progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle during postembryonic development by phosphorylating and inhibiting lin-35 and fzr-1. In complex with cyd-1, involved in sex determination during gonadogenesis by regulating the asymmetric division of the somatic gonadal precursor cell (SGP). (406 aa) |
| | nekl-3 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase nekl-3; Probable serine/threonine-protein kinase required for the completion of molting; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. NEK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. NIMA subfamily. (302 aa) |
| | F19H6.4 | 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase; Converts testosterone into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone and progesterone or corticosterone into their corresponding 5-alpha-3- oxosteroids. It plays a central role in sexual differentiation and androgen physiology. (243 aa) |
| | exc-9 | LIM zinc-binding domain-containing protein. (85 aa) |
| | let-765 | Protein strawberry notch homolog; Transcriptional activator that functions upstream of the let- 60/Ras and let-23/EGFR signaling pathways to positively regulate lin-3 expression and thereby promote vulval induction. Plays a role in excretory duct development. Plays a role in male tail development. (1866 aa) |
| | fbf-2 | Fem-3 mRNA-binding factor 2; Involved in the control of stem cells and sex determination in the C.elegans hermaphrodite germline. May also play a role in the hermaphrodite germline proliferation and oogenesis. By binding to the 3'-UTR, represses phosphatase lip-1 expression in the distal part of the germline mitotic zone. Binds specifically to the regulatory region of fem-3 3'-UTR and mediates the sperm/oocyte switch. Negatively regulates gld-3 expression possibly by directly binding to two sites within the gld-3 isoform b 3'-UTR. Suppresses germline tumor formation by preventing the d [...] (632 aa) |
| | evl-20 | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2; GTP-binding protein that functions in embryogenesis, cytokinesis, germline development and microtubulule cytoskeleton dynamics. (184 aa) |
| | blmp-1 | B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 homolog; Transcription factor which binds to enhancer elements in the promoter region of genes. Regulates the expression of the transcription factor bed-3 to control vulval development. Promotes terminal differentiation in the hypodermis and is involved in regulation of gonadal outgrowth and entry into the dauer stage. Regulates the timing of dorsalward migration of the distal tip cells of the hermaphrodite gonad by inhibiting precocious unc-5 and lin-29 expression which in turn prevents early dorsalward turning. Plays a role in male tail tip m [...] (817 aa) |
| | gon-1 | A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs gon-1; Secreted metalloprotease required for distal tip cell (DTC) migration along the body wall basement membranes, a key step that promotes gonad morphogenesis. Probably acts by remodeling the basement membrane during cell migration. Required to restrict presynaptic growth at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) in late larval stage and in adult motor neurons, probably by controlling collagen IV emb-9 degradation, a component of the synapse basement membrane. Also involved in the organization of adult muscle morphology. Has [...] (2165 aa) |
| | rrf-1 | RNA-dependent RNA polymerase Family. (1601 aa) |
| | drsh-1 | Ribonuclease 3; Executes the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) processing in the nucleus, that is the cleavage of pri-miRNA to release pre-miRNA. Involved in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double-strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in fertility. Required for the function or synthesis of the let-7 miRNA. Belongs to the ribonuclease III family. (1086 aa) |
| | pax-3 | PAX (Paired box) transcription factor. (308 aa) |
| | vrk-1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK1; Serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates baf-1, thus regulating the association of baf-1 with chromatin and nuclear membrane proteins during nuclear envelope formation. May act through the egl-17 signaling pathway. Essential in hermaphrodites for formation of the vulva, uterus, and uterine seam cells and for development and maintenance of the somatic gonad and thus the germ line. Acts to prevent cep-1 from triggering an inappropriate cell cycle arrest, thereby promoting germ cell proliferation. Regulates anchor cell polarity and the timing of an [...] (610 aa) |
| | ceh-22 | Homeobox protein ceh-22; Involved in combinatorial activation of gene expression in pharyngeal muscle. Specifically binds a site necessary for activity of the B subelement of myo-2 enhancer. (379 aa) |
| | cpz-1 | Cathepsin Z-1; Exhibits carboxy-monopeptidase as well as carboxy-dipeptidase activity (By similarity). Plays an essential role in molting, a process during larval stages in which a new cuticle is formed and the old cuticle is shed. Probably, required for the degradation of the old cuticle. Belongs to the peptidase C1 family. (306 aa) |
| | itr-1 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor itr-1; Receptor for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, a second messenger that regulates intracellular calcium homeostasis. Binds in vitro to both inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (1,4,5-InsP3) and inositol 2,4,5-trisphosphate (2,4,5-InsP3) with high affinity and does not discriminate between the phosphate at 1 or 2 position. Can also bind inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (1,3,4,5-InsP4) and inositol 4,5-bisphosphate (4,5-InsP2), but with lower affinity. Acts as a timekeeper/rhythm generator via calcium signaling, affecting the defecation cycle and pharyn [...] (2892 aa) |
| | lin-48 | Putative zinc finger transcription factor. (280 aa) |
| | fem-1 | Sex-determining protein fem-1; Sex-determining protein; essential for the adoption of the male sexual fate in all tissues. Substrate recognition subunit of the cullin-RING-based CBC(fem-1) (Cul2-ElonginB-ElonginC) E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex which mediates in association with cofactors fem-2 and fem-3 the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of tra-1. (656 aa) |
| | mab-21 | Protein male abnormal 21; Acts in a cell autonomous fashion to specify the properties of the sensory ray and non-autonomously in the choice of hypodermal versus neuroblast cell fate. Belongs to the mab-21 family. (364 aa) |
| | phip-1 | Protein HIstidine Phosphatase. (116 aa) |
| | lin-3 | Protein lin-3; Probable ligand for tyrosine kinase receptor let-23. Essential for vulval induction, where it acts downstream of the synthetic multivulva (synMuv) class genes. Probably by activating let-23, phospholipase plc-3 and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor itr-1 signaling cascade, plays a role in ovulation by promoting gonadal sheath cell contractions and spermatheca dilatation during ovulation. Probably by regulating neuronal transmission in ALA neurons, mediates the decrease in pharyngeal pumping and locomotion during the quiescent state that precedes each larval molt, by [...] (477 aa) |
| | ram-2 | Col_cuticle_N domain-containing protein. (306 aa) |
| | tsp-14 | Tetraspanin-14; Together with tsp-12, regulates cell fate specification in the postembryonic mesodermal M lineage, body size and male development, probably by positively modulating BMP-like Sma/Mab signaling. Together with tsp-12, probably acts by modulating the activation of glp-1, Notch-like receptor, to regulate germline maturation ; Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family. (451 aa) |
| | unc-6 | Netrin unc-6; Component of an extracellular matrix cue that guides dorsoventral migrations on the epidermis. Required for the guidance of pioneer axons and migrating cells along the body wall. During gonad morphogenesis, involved in distal tip cell (DTC) migration from the dorsal side of the hermaphrodite body to the midbody to allow for formation of gonad arms. Its association with either unc-40 or unc-5 receptors will lead to axon attraction or repulsion, respectively. Involved in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensilium, in the male tail. Required for the formation [...] (612 aa) |
| | F42F12.3 | 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase; Converts testosterone into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone and progesterone or corticosterone into their corresponding 5-alpha-3- oxosteroids. It plays a central role in sexual differentiation and androgen physiology. (243 aa) |
| | sex-1 | Steroid hormone receptor family member cnr14; Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily. (534 aa) |
| | gon-14 | Dimer_Tnp_hAT domain-containing protein. (923 aa) |
| | skr-1 | Skp1-related protein; Probable essential component of SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Regulates cell proliferation during embryonic and larval development. Involved in synapse elimination in early synapse development. May negatively regulate the apoptotic activity of cep-1 in response to genotoxic stress. Plays a role in sex determination. (176 aa) |
| | grd-2 | GRounDhog (Hedgehog-like family). (946 aa) |
| | hmg-1.2 | High mobility group protein 1.2. (235 aa) |
| | alg-1 | Protein argonaute; Belongs to the argonaute family. (1023 aa) |
| | sdc-1 | Zinc finger protein sdc-1; Embryonic transcription factor regulating downstream genes involved specifically in the sex determination and dosage compensation pathways, or regulating other genes involved in the coordinate control of both processes. Component of the SDC complex that functions in sex determination and in X chromosome dosage compensation specifically in hermaphrodite (XX) animals. Involved in the recruitment of the condensin I-like dosage compensation complex to the male sex-determining autosomal gene her-1, thereby contributing to its repression and initiating hermaphrodit [...] (1201 aa) |
| | iff-2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2; mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. Functions as a regulator of apoptosis (By similarity). Acts in somatic tissues and its function in the soma is essential for normal growth and reproduction. (161 aa) |
| | par-3 | Partitioning defective protein 3; In cooperation with pkc-3, required for establishing cell polarity and regulating spindle orientation in the early embryo. Localization is crucial for recruiting par-6 and pkc-3 to the peripheral apical cortex and restricting par-2 to basolateral surfaces. Necessary for apicobasal and anterior-posterior asymmetries associated with cell adhesion and gastrulation during the first few cycles of embryogenesis, and also for epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Regulates the asymmetric localization of csnk-1, ppk-1 and gpr-1/2 during the first [...] (1533 aa) |
| | ina-1 | Integrin alpha ina-1; Plays a role in cell migration, axon fasciculation, and morphogenesis. During gonad morphogenesis, involved in distal tip cells (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation, in maintaining their sharp tapering morphology and in their migration. Involved in the anterior-posterior positioning of QR neuroblast descendants by regulating the migratory speed of QR.p. Probably by acting as a receptor for apoptotic cells, plays a role in the clearance of apoptotic cells during mid-embryogenesis. Belongs to the integrin alpha chain family. (1139 aa) |
| | sel-10 | F-box/WD repeat-containing protein sel-10; Probable substrate recognition component of SCF (SKP1-CUL-F- box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Regulates synapse elimination in early development in the motor neuron HSNL. Cell autonomous negative regulator of lin-12/Notch-mediated signaling, with respect to lin-12 activity in cell fate decisions and tumorigenesis. May target the intracellular domains of lin-12/Notch proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Involved in sex determin [...] (587 aa) |
| | unc-73 | Guanine nucleotide exchange factor UNC-73A. (2488 aa) |
| | efn-4 | Ephrin-4; Regulates the formation or stabilization of cell-cell contacts at several stages of epithelial morphogenesis. In early embryonic development, involved in ventral closure of the epidermis. During male tail morphogenesis, regulates precursor cell sorting together with mab-20 and allows the formation of distinct sensory rays. Probably acts as a ligand for lad-2 to regulate axon guidance of several neurons including SDQL, SDQR, SMD and PLN neurons during neurogenesis. (348 aa) |
| | bro-1 | BROther (Drosophila tx factor partner) homolog. (152 aa) |
| | mig-17 | Metalloprotease mig-17; Metalloprotease. Acts in the basement membrane to control directional migration of distal tip cells (DTCs) along the body wall basement membranes, a key step that promotes gonad morphogenesis. Regulates DTC migration probably by recruiting fibulin fbl-1, type IV collagen let-2 and nidogen nid-1 to the gonad basement membrane thereby promoting the remodeling of the basement membrane. During larval development and probably upstream of basement membrane proteins fbl-1, let-2 and nid-1, regulates pharynx length, probably by regulating pharyngeal cell length. Does no [...] (509 aa) |
| | ksr-2 | Kinase suppressor of Ras B; Probable inactive protein kinase which positively regulates Ras-mediated signaling probably acting at the level of let-60/ras or/and lin-45/raf. In the germline, regulates meiotic progression during oogenesis and mpk-1 (isoform b) phosphorylation. Plays a role in meiotic recombination events. Functions redundantly with ksr-1 in the Ras-mediated regulation of larval survival, the development of excretory canal, in determining vulval precursor cell fate during vulval induction and in mpk-1 phosphorylation in somatic cells. (550 aa) |
| | cyn-4 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase 4; May catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides thereby assisting the folding of proteins. May also function as a chaperone, playing a role in intracellular transport of proteins. May also have a protein ubiquitin ligase activity acting as an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase or as a ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase promoting elongation of ubiquitin chains on proteins. Influences the hermaphrodite switch from spermatogenesis to oogenesis. Required for body wall muscle cell development. (523 aa) |
| | ver-3 | Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor ver-3; Receptor tyrosine kinase which may be involved, downstream of pvf-1, in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensillum in the male tail. (1227 aa) |
| | ver-4 | Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor ver-4; Receptor tyrosine kinase which may be involved, downstream of pvf-1, in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensillum in the male tail. (1216 aa) |
| | pdi-3 | Protein disulfide-isomerase. (488 aa) |
| | fbf-1 | Fem-3 mRNA-binding factor 1; Involved in the control of stem cells and sex determination in the C.elegans hermaphrodite germline. May also play a role in the hermaphrodite germline proliferation and oogenesis. Binds specifically to the regulatory region of fem-3 3'-UTR and mediates the sperm/oocyte switch. Negatively regulates gld-3 expression, possibly by directly binding to two sites within the 3'-UTR of gld-3 isoform b. In association with the cye-1/cdk-2 complex, negatively regulates gld-1 expression in the distal germline cells of the mitotic zone. By binding to the 3'-UTR, repres [...] (614 aa) |
| | hpl-2 | Chromo domain-containing protein. (303 aa) |
| | kal-1 | KALlmann syndrome homolog. (700 aa) |
| | cdk-2 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which, in association with cye-1, regulates proliferation, quiescent state and cell fate during the development of several cell lineages. . In the embryo, initiates the establishment of cell polarity through the recruitment of the centrosomal proteins spd-2 and spd-5 during prophase. Phosphorylation and inhibition of the translational repressor gld-1 by the cdk-2/cye-1 complex regulates the pool of germline stem cells and the size of the mitotic zone in the gonads by preventing entry into meiosis. (338 aa) |
| | dre-1 | F-box protein dre-1; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins including blmp-1. Heterochronic protein which is required for the timing of gonad development and epidermal seam cell differentiation. Regulates tail-spike cell death through inhibition of the apoptosis regulator ced-9. (1022 aa) |
| | plx-2 | Plexin-2; Involved as a receptor for mab-20/sema-2a in the formation or stabilization of cell-cell contacts at several stages of epithelial morphogenesis. In early embryonic development, required for proper ventral closure of the epidermis. During male tail morphogenesis, involved in precursor cell sorting and in the formation of distinct sensory rays. Involved in axon guidance of SDQL neurons during neurogenesis. Probably in response to stimulation by mab-20, regulates fln-1-mediated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and thus axon guidance and/or fasciculation of DD/VD neurons. Bel [...] (1766 aa) |
| | gon-4 | Uncharacterized protein. (1338 aa) |
| | rba-1 | Probable histone-binding protein rba-1; Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin assembly factors, chromatin remodeling factors and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA (By similarity). Plays a role in regulating cell cycle progression. Required to repress the induction of vulval development by Ras signaling. In association with the zinc finger protein ztf-11, negatively regulates the expression of non- neuronal genes during neurogenesis. Belongs to the WD repeat RBAP46/RBAP48/MSI1 family. (412 aa) |
| | lin-53 | Probable histone-binding protein lin-53; Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin assembly factors, chromatin remodeling factors and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA (By similarity). Required for hcp-3 and his-1 stabilization, localization of hcp-3 to centromeres and for proper chromosome segregation. Synthetic multivulva class B (synMuvB) protein. SynMuvB proteins are required to repress the induction of vulval development by Ras signaling and probably act by forming the multiprotein DRM complex that repres [...] (417 aa) |
| | cogc-6 | Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 6; Required for normal Golgi function. (642 aa) |
| | dmd-7 | DM domain-containing protein. (449 aa) |
| | hpl-1 | Heterochromatin protein 1 homolog. (184 aa) |
| | ani-2 | Anillin-like protein 2; Required to maintain the structure of the rachis, the central cytoplasmic core of the syncytial adult gonad. Failure to maintain the rachis leads to premature dissociation of oocytes and thereby impedes oogenesis. (1009 aa) |
| | sea-2 | C2H2-type domain-containing protein. (1968 aa) |
| | pix-1 | PIX (PAK (p21-activated kinase) Interacting eXchange factor) homolog. (646 aa) |
| | dcr-1 | Death-promoting deoxyribonuclease; Involved in cleaving double-stranded RNA in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. It produces 21 to 23 bp dsRNAs (siRNAs) which target the selective destruction of homologous RNAs. Seems to process the precursor of the small temporal RNA let-7 which is involved in developmental timing. Belongs to the helicase family. Dicer subfamily. (1910 aa) |
| | tra-3 | Calpain-5; Required for the correct female sexual development of the soma and germline in hermaphrodite animals, while being fully dispensable in males. Has calcium-dependent proteolytic activity and is involved in the cleavage of tra-2, for which it acts as a potentiator. Capable of calcium-dependent autolysis. Part of the necrosis cell death pathway. Required for necrosis of intestinal cells induced by B.thuringiensis endotoxin Cry6Aa ; Belongs to the peptidase C2 family. (648 aa) |
| | riok-1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIO1; Involved in the final steps of cytoplasmic maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Despite the protein kinase domain is proposed to act predominantly as an ATPase (By similarity). The catalytic activity regulates its dynamic association with the 40S subunit (By similarity). Plays a role in oogenesis by regulating germ cell proliferation, progression through diplotene and diakinesis stages and oocyte maturation. Regulates germline development probably by regulating the phosphorylation of mpk- 1. Involved in larval development. ECO:0 [...] (506 aa) |
| | mep-1 | MOG interacting and ectopic P-granules protein 1; Has a broad role in development, specifically in the genetic pathway SynMuvB that negatively regulates specification of the vulval cell fate. Required for fem-3 3'-UTR-mediated repression in the regulation of the sperm/oocyte switch. Acts by regulating the translation of fem-3 mRNA, by binding to its 3'-UTR. (870 aa) |
| | hlh-2 | BHLH domain-containing protein. (399 aa) |
| | cogc-8 | Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 8; Required for normal Golgi function. (743 aa) |
| | cog-1 | Homeobox domain-containing protein. (256 aa) |
| | met-2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase met-2; Histone methyltransferase which is required for the mono- and dimethylation of 'Lys-9' of histone H3. This increases the efficiency of set-25-mediated trimethylation of histone H3 'Lys-9'. Involved in the transcriptional repression of lin-3 which is required for the negative regulation of vulval cell fate specification during postembryonic development. Has a role in blocking checkpoint signaling and mediating the transcriptional silencing of meiotic sex chromosome inactivation; a mechanism which enables checkpoint proteins to distinguish betwee [...] (1304 aa) |
| | bub-1 | Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase bub-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase essential for spindle- assembly checkpoint signaling. Plays a key role in the recruitment of the checkpoint proteins bub-3, mdf-1 and mdf-2 to unattached kinetochores. mdf-1 recruitment is independent of bub-1 kinase activity. Has a role in the correct kinetochore localization of the spindly-like protein spdl-1. In addition, during meiotic anaphase I, controls the recruitment of hcp- 1/2 and klp-19 to the ring-shaped domain formed between chromosomes. Involved in chromosome alignment, chromosome h [...] (987 aa) |
| | mig-23 | Nucleoside-diphosphatase mig-23; Seems to be able to hydrolyze ADP, UDP and GDP. Supports mig- 17 glycosylation and surface expression, which is required for proper migration of distal tip cells during gonad morphogenesis. (552 aa) |
| | grd-1 | GRounDhog (Hedgehog-like family). (1160 aa) |
| | ztf-16 | Zinc finger protein ztf-16; Positively regulates the expression of ver-1 in the amphid sheath glia of amphid sensory neurons. Together with ehn-3, plays a role in somatic gonad development and is required for proper gonadal primordium assembly and somatic gonad precursor cell morphology ; Belongs to the Ikaros C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (480 aa) |
| | eor-1 | EOR-1. (909 aa) |
| | sma-4 | Dwarfin sma-4; Involved in TGF-beta pathway; Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family. (565 aa) |
| | ten-1 | Teneurin-1; Plays a role in the gonadal basement membrane maintenance and/or adhesion early in development. Contributes to the guidance of pharyngeal neurons. (2837 aa) |
| | sma-3 | Dwarfin sma-3; Involved in TGF-beta pathway. Plays a role in male tail tip morphogenesis ; Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family. (393 aa) |
| | pro-1 | Pre-rRNA-processing protein pro-1; Component of the PELP1 complex involved in the nucleolar steps of 28S rRNA maturation and the subsequent nucleoplasmic transit of the pre-60S ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Required for processing ITS2 sequences from rRNA intermediates during 26S rRNA maturation. Required in the soma to promote normal proliferation and prevent germline tumor formation. Belongs to the WD repeat IPI3/WDR18 family. (529 aa) |
| | ref-1 | REgulator of Fusion. (367 aa) |
| | gon-2 | Transient receptor potential channel; Required for initiation and continuation of postembryonic mitotic cell divisions of gonadal cells Z1 and Z4. Zygotic expression is necessary for hermaphrodite fertility. May be a cation channel. Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. LTrpC subfamily. (2032 aa) |
| | sma-9 | SMAll. (2232 aa) |
| | cki-1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1; Negative cell-cycle regulator that functions at the G1-to-S- phase transition. Required for suspension of the cell cycle in dauer larvae and starved L1 larvae. In vulval precursor cells (VPCs), a pathway of heterochronic genes acts via cki-1 to maintain VPCs in G1 during the L2 larval stage. Cul-2 may function in ubiquitin-mediated degradation by targeting cki-1 for degradation. Involved in distal tip cell development by repressing and modulating cye-1/cdk-2 activity levels in Z1.aa/Z4.pp and in Z1.ap/Z4.pa. Belongs to the CDI family. (184 aa) |
| | cki-2 | CKI family (Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor). (259 aa) |
| | qua-1 | Protein qua-1; Required for cuticle shedding and normal alae morphology and localization, and subsequently larval development. (1169 aa) |
| | fox-1 | Sex determination protein fox-1; A member of the sex determination pathway involved in making the distinction between one and two X-chromosomes. RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing events by binding to 5'-UGCAUG-3' elements. Regulates alternative splicing of tissue-specific exons. Promotes binding of sup-12 to target RNA. (429 aa) |
| | lin-5 | Spindle apparatus protein lin-5; Essential component of the spindle apparatus required for spindle positioning and chromosome movement. Acts to recruit or anchor gpr-1/gpr-2 complex to the spindle and cortex. Also involved, directly or indirectly, in cytokinesis and in the coupling of DNA replication, centrosome duplication and mitotic division. (821 aa) |
| | lin-59 | Probable histone-lysine N-methyltransferase lin-59; Probable histone methyltransferase (By similarity). Essential protein required to maintain expression of homeotic genes egl-5 and mab-5. May play an analogous role to the trithorax Group (trxG) proteins. TrxG proteins form multiprotein complexes that are required to maintain the transcriptionally active state of homeotic genes throughout development. May act via a modification of chromatin. (1312 aa) |
| | spat-3 | RING-type domain-containing protein. (2476 aa) |
| | lin-32 | Protein lin-32; Essential for the specification of the neuroblast cell fate in the development of peripheral sense organs. Its role in the generation of sensory neurons may be through positively regulating the expression of the zinc finger protein ztf-11 during postdeirid neurogenesis. (142 aa) |
| | tsp-12 | Tetraspanin-12; Together with tsp-14, regulates cell fate specification in the postembryonic mesodermal M lineage, body size and male development, probably by positively modulating BMP-like Sma/Mab signaling. May regulate BMP-like Sma/Mab signaling by mediating protease sup-17 trafficking to the cell surface. Together with tsp-14, probably acts by modulating the activation of glp-1, a Notch-like receptor, to regulate germline maturation. Probably acts by modulating the activation of lin-12, a Notch-like receptor, to regulate cell fate specification such as the anchor cell/ventral uteri [...] (308 aa) |
| | ver-1 | Protein ver-1; Involved in amphid glia remodeling during entry into dauer stage by promoting the fusion of sheath amphid cells which encloses AWC neuron sensory endings. May be involved, downstream of pvf-1, in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensillum in the male tail. (1083 aa) |
| | unc-40 | Unc-40 protein. (1415 aa) |
| | fem-2 | Protein phosphatase fem-2; Dephosphorylates auto-phosphorylated Ca(2+)/calmodulin- dependent protein kinase unc-43/CAMKII in vitro. Involved in the regulation of sex determination. Together with fem-3, required for male sexual development by promoting the proteasomal-mediated degradation of tra-1, a transcription repressor of male-specific genes. Promotes apoptosis. Belongs to the PP2C family. (449 aa) |
| | bec-1 | Beclin homolog; Regulates autophagy. Together with phosphatidyl-3-phosphate kinase vps-34, acts as a core subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate (PtdIns3P), thereby regulating membrane trafficking. In association with sorf-1 and sorf-2, negatively regulates phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate in early endosomes to allow for the conversion to late endosomes. Involved in the clearance of engulfed apoptotic cell corpses. Together with ced-9, negatively regulates somatic and germline apoptosis. Plays a role in endosome-to-Golgi retrograde tra [...] (375 aa) |
| | dgn-1 | Peptidase S72 domain-containing protein. (584 aa) |
| | dmd-8 | DM (Doublesex/MAB-3) Domain family. (369 aa) |
| | sys-1 | SYmmetrical Sister cell hermaphrodite gonad defect. (811 aa) |
| | rbd-1 | RBD (RNA binding domain) protein. (872 aa) |
| | dpl-1 | Transcription factor dpl-1; Synthetic multivulva class B (synMuvB) protein. SynMuvB proteins are required to repress the induction of vulval development by Ras signaling and probably act by forming the multiprotein DRM complex that represses transcription. May also negatively regulate vulval development in association with other SynMuv class B proteins such as lin-15A. Can stimulate E2F-dependent transcription. Plays a role in negatively regulating the progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle during postembryonic development, most likely by acting as a transcriptional repress [...] (598 aa) |
| | ram-5 | ZP domain-containing protein. (711 aa) |
| | phb-2 | Mitochondrial prohibitin complex protein 2; PHB proteins are essential during embryonic development and are required for somatic and germline differentiation in the larval gonad. A deficiency in PHB proteins results in altered mitochondrial biogenesis in body wall muscle cells. (294 aa) |
| | dbl-1 | TGF_BETA_2 domain-containing protein. (365 aa) |
| | par-6 | Partitioning defective protein 6; Necessary for apicobasal and anterior-posterior asymmetries associated with cell adhesion and gastrulation during the first few cell cycles of embryogenesis. Required for localizing/ maintaining par-3 at the cell periphery. Regulates mes-1 expression and/or localization pattern during early embryogenesis. Acts together with par-3 and pkc-3 in maintaining epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Plays a role in endosome and Golgi body positioning. Belongs to the PAR6 family. (309 aa) |
| | mab-9 | T-box protein 12; Involved in cell fate determination; required to pattern the posterior hindgut. (346 aa) |
| | rsp-5 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 5; Plays a functionally redundant role in shifting germ cell sexual differentiation in hermaphrodites. (208 aa) |
| | ndc-80 | Kinetochore protein ndc-80; Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated ndc-80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis and spindle checkpoint activity. Plays a role in kinetochore assembly and recruits the checkpoint protein mdf-2 and the spindly-like protein spdl-1 to unattached kinetochores. Mediates the formation of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments through recruitment of spdl-1. The ndc-80 complex synergistically enhances the affinity of the ska-1 complex for microtubules and may allow the ndc-80 complex to track depolym [...] (590 aa) |
| | rsp-2 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 2; Plays a functionally redundant role in spermatogenesis and growth rate control. Required for the development of somatic gonad structures and for progression from larval stage to adulthood. Belongs to the splicing factor SR family. (281 aa) |
| | rsp-1 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 1; Plays a functionally redundant role in spermatogenesis and growth rate control. (312 aa) |
| | smg-5 | Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay protein. (549 aa) |
| | lin-29 | Transcription factor. (459 aa) |
| | cacn-1 | Cactin; Plays a role during early embryonic development. Required for the distal tip cell migration at the end of larval development and for gonad morphogenesis. (657 aa) |
| | nol-2 | SAM_MT_RSMB_NOP domain-containing protein; Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family. (664 aa) |
| | pop-1 | Protein pop-1; Part of the Wnt signaling pathway essential for the specification of the mesodermal cell fate in early embryos. Required for asymmetrical division of somatic gonadal precursor descendants which initiate axis formation required to control organ shape. Represses expression of target genes via its interaction with hda-1 histone deacetylase. Required for specification of the M lineage-derived coelomocyte and sex myoblast fate. Regulates coelomocyte fate by positively regulating proliferation and ceh-34 and possibly eya-1 expression in M.dlpa and M.drpa precursors. (438 aa) |
| | ced-12 | Cell death abnormality protein 12; Involved in programmed apoptosis and necrosis. Required for the cell corpse engulfment process. Has roles in the formation of actin halos and distal tip cell migration. Negatively regulates the unc-6/Netrin receptor unc-5 to control distal tip cell migration along the anterior-posterior axis of the body. Plays no role in amphid axon outgrowth. (738 aa) |
| | swsn-1 | SANT domain-containing protein. (792 aa) |
| | spd-1 | SPD-1. (529 aa) |
| | phb-1 | Mitochondrial prohibitin complex protein 1; PHB proteins are essential during embryonic development and are required for somatic and germline differentiation in the larval gonad. A deficiency in PHB proteins results in altered mitochondrial biogenesis in body wall muscle cells. (275 aa) |
| | max-2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...] (649 aa) |
| | ptr-18 | SSD domain-containing protein. (895 aa) |
| | cyd-1 | G1/S-specific cyclin-D; In association with cdk-4, regulates the progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle during postembryonic development. Regulates proliferation of the coelomocyte lineage and intestinal cells during late embryogenesis. In complex with cdk-4, involved in sex determination during gonadogenesis by regulating the asymmetric division of the somatic gonadal precursor cell (SGP). (405 aa) |
| | pvf-1 | PDGF_2 domain-containing protein. (304 aa) |
| | pro-3 | Protein SDA1 homolog; Required for 60S pre-ribosomal subunits export to the cytoplasm (Probable). Required for normal somatic gonad development and for regulation of germline development and proliferation. (801 aa) |
| | mcm-4 | DNA replication licensing factor mcm-4; Acts as component of the mcm2-7 complex (mcm complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the mcm2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentia [...] (823 aa) |
| | dmd-3 | Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor dmd-3; Transcriptional activator which promotes male-specific development. Acts partially redundantly with the transcription factor mab-3 to coordinate tail tip cell fusion and retraction and thereby regulate male tail tip morphogenesis. This is most likely through the regulation of downstream effectors such as eff-1. May also negatively regulate the expression of other proteins implicated in male tail morphogenesis including nhr-25, vav-1 and arl-1 in tail tip cells. In males, plays a role in the development of ray A-neurons by negativ [...] (250 aa) |
| | tra-1 | Sex-determining transformer protein 1; Plays a major role in controlling sexual phenotype. Terminal global regulator in a well-characterized cascade of sex-determining genes. Promotes female development. Interacts with tra-2 to promote spermatogenesis. Promotes spermatogenesis through the Tip60 HAT complex and by regulating the expression of genes, such as fog-3, required for male development (By similarity). Association with chromatin and at the fog-3 promoter requires wdr-5.1, and may also require wdr-5.2. With trr-1, activates the fog-3 gene to determine sperm/oocyte cell fate (By s [...] (1110 aa) |
| | smg-2 | Regulator of nonsense transcripts 1; RNA-dependent helicase and ATPase required for nonsense- mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons. Is recruited to mRNAs upon translation termination and undergoes a cycle of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation; its phosphorylation appears to be a key step in NMD. The formation of an smg-2-3-4 surveillance complex is believed to activate NMD (By similarity). (1069 aa) |
| | ani-1 | Anillin-like protein 1; Required for contractile events in embryos that occur prior to mitosis, such as cortical ruffling and pseudocleavage. Promotes membrane ruffling by organizing cortical patches of septins and myosin II. Not generally required for cytokinesis in mitotic cells. Required for the asymmetric cleavage events that extrude the two polar bodies during oocyte meiosis. Not required for meiotic contractile ring assembly, initiation or closure but is required for the transformation of the contractile ring from a disk above the spindle to a tube around the spindle midzone. Pro [...] (1159 aa) |
| | unc-34 | WH1 domain-containing protein. (468 aa) |
| | cogc-4 | Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 4; Required for normal Golgi function; Belongs to the COG4 family. (801 aa) |
| | mab-3 | Protein male abnormal 3; Transcription factor which binds the DNA motif 5'- [CGA][TCA][TA]ACAATGT[AT][TGA]C-3', probably as a monomer. Acts partially redundantly with the transcription factor dmd-3 to coordinate tail tip cell fusion and retraction and thereby regulate male tail tip morphogenesis. Promotes male-specific development of two tissues, the peripheral nervous system and the intestine. In the peripheral nervous system, directs differentiation of sensory ray neuroblasts into peripheral sense organs. In the intestine, causes repression of vitellogenin gene transcription. (290 aa) |
| | ptr-20 | SSD domain-containing protein. (860 aa) |
| | mab-31 | Uncharacterized protein. (427 aa) |
| | cogc-1 | Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) Component. (787 aa) |
| | smp-1 | Semaphorin-1A; May function in growth cone guidance; Belongs to the semaphorin family. (712 aa) |
| | smg-6 | PINc domain-containing protein. (1241 aa) |
| | lin-22 | BHLH domain-containing protein. (173 aa) |
| | plx-1 | Sema domain-containing protein. (1956 aa) |
| | lep-2 | LEPtoderan male tail. (413 aa) |
| | polg-1 | POLAc domain-containing protein. (1072 aa) |
| | lon-8 | Protein lon-8; Secreted protein that is involved in larval elongation, early adult growth and male tail development. (162 aa) |
| | unc-51 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase unc-51; Protein kinase important for axonal elongation and axonal guidance. Functions in the CAN axons to direct both anterior and posterior migrations. Phosphorylates both unc-14 and vab-8. Component of the unc-51/atg-13 complex that is probably recruited by lgg-1 to preautophagosomes and is required for autophagosome formation. Interaction with autophagy related proteins such as atg-13 links it to the autophagy machinery to in turn promote P-granule degradation in somatic cells. Plays a role in mitophagy during limited food availability. Regulates cell [...] (856 aa) |
| | dmd-9 | DM domain-containing protein. (254 aa) |
| | cogc-3 | Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) Component. (794 aa) |
| | lin-17 | Transmembrane receptor LIN-17; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family. (558 aa) |
| | mab-20 | Semaphorin-2A; Regulates the formation or stabilization of cell-cell contacts at several stages of epithelial morphogenesis. In early embryonic development, required for proper ventral closure of the epidermis. During male tail morphogenesis, regulates precursor cell sorting and allows the formation of distinct sensory rays. Seems to control cell-cell contact formation through 2 parallel pathways, one involving efn-4 and one involving plx-2 and unc-129. Involved in axon guidance. Probably by binding receptor plx-2, regulates fln-1-mediated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and thus [...] (658 aa) |
| | lag-2 | Protein lag-2; Putative intercellular signal for lin-12 and GLP-1 receptors. Functions in uterine cells to promote basement membrane mobility during tissue remodeling. (402 aa) |
| | nob-1 | Homeobox domain-containing protein. (243 aa) |
| | src-1 | Tyrosine protein-kinase src-1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which plays a role in endoderm development by controlling spindle orientation in EMS blastomere, probably downstream of receptor mes-1. Also involved in embryonic body morphogenesis, especially in the formation of the pharynx and the intestine. May be dispensable for pharyngeal muscle organization in the adult. Probably phosphorylates netrin receptor unc-5, to regulate distal tip cell (DTC) migration during gonad development and in axon repulsion. Plays a role in the migration of the QR neuroblast, a precursor of the A [...] (537 aa) |
| | let-23 | Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase let-23; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor which, upon binding ligand lin-3, activates 2 signaling cascades: the let-60/Ras and MAP kinase signaling pathway and the let-60-independent phospholipase C-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathway. Each pathway regulates distinct functions. By activating let-60/Ras, regulates larval development, induction of vulva cell precursors during vulva development, male spicule formation and posterior development of the epidermis. Probably by activating phospholipase plc-3 and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor itr-1 signalin [...] (1335 aa) |
| | cdh-3 | Cadherin-3; Cell adhesion protein involved in the control of epithelial morphogenesis. Together with metalloproteinase zmp-1 and hemicentin him-4, plays a role in anchor cell (AC) invasion during postembryonic vulval development. (3361 aa) |
| | ZK1251.3 | 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase; Converts testosterone into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone and progesterone or corticosterone into their corresponding 5-alpha-3- oxosteroids. It plays a central role in sexual differentiation and androgen physiology. (253 aa) |
| | wrt-1 | Warthog protein 1 C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. (484 aa) |
| | ptr-23 | SSD domain-containing protein. (983 aa) |
| | sma-2 | Dwarfin sma-2; Involved in TGF-beta pathway. Plays a role in male tail tip morphogenesis. (418 aa) |
| | ehn-3 | Zinc finger protein ehn-3; Together with the zinc finger protein ztf-16, plays a role in gonadogenesis, specifically in somatic gonad precursor cell development. This is possibly by regulating tra-1 gene expression. Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (262 aa) |
| | lin-9 | Protein lin-9; Synthetic multivulva class B (synMuvB) protein. SynMuvB proteins are required to repress the induction of vulval development by Ras signaling and probably act by forming the multiprotein DRM complex that represses transcription. Required for the development of sheath cells in the hermaphrodite gonad and for the development of the male spicule, rays and gonad. In association with the zinc finger protein ztf-11, negatively regulates the expression of non- neuronal genes during neurogenesis. (644 aa) |
| | lin-15B | Protein lin-15B; Synthetic multivulva (synMuv) class B protein. SynMuv proteins are required to repress the induction of vulval development. Acts redundantly with SynMuv class A protein lin-15A to negatively regulate vulval development. Regulates let-23 basal activity. (1440 aa) |
| | lin-15A | Protein lin-15A; Synthetic multivulva (synMuv) class A protein. SynMuv proteins are required to repress the induction of vulval development. Acts redundantly with SynMuv class B protein lin-15B, and lin-35 to negatively regulate vulval development, most likely through antagonization of the Ras-signaling pathway. May also negatively regulate vulval development in association with other SynMuv class B proteins such as dpl-1 and efl-1. Regulates let-23 basal activity. Required for the correct expression and/or stability of lin-56. (719 aa) |
| | wrt-4 | Warthog protein 4 C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. (557 aa) |
| | dpy-30 | Dosage compensation protein dpy-30; Essential for dosage compensation. Required for the sex-specific association of the dosage compensation complex proteins dpy-27 and dpy-26 with the hermaphrodite X chromosomes. Plays a role in developmental rate and body fat regulation downstream of the TOR complex 2. Required for the robust transdifferentiation of the Y rectal cell to the PDA motor neuron during larval development. (123 aa) |
