Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Tyrosine protein-kinase src-1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which plays a role in endoderm development by controlling spindle orientation in EMS blastomere, probably downstream of receptor mes-1. Also involved in embryonic body morphogenesis, especially in the formation of the pharynx and the intestine. May be dispensable for pharyngeal muscle organization in the adult. Probably phosphorylates netrin receptor unc-5, to regulate distal tip cell (DTC) migration during gonad development and in axon repulsion. Plays a role in the migration of the QR neuroblast, a precursor of the A [...]

Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Protein unc-33; During neurogenesis, plays an essential role in axonal guidance and outgrowth by regulating the polarization of both microtubule and actin cytoskeletons. Establishes the asymmetry of axonal and dendrite microtubules and the polarized sorting of neuronal proteins. This is achieved in part by regulating the localization of kinesin-like protein unc-104. In neurons without a distal microtubule- organizing center (MTOC), also controls the organization of microtubules in dendrites. During the dorso-ventral axonal guidance and outgrowth of VD neurons, required downstream of Ra [...]

Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Unc-40 protein.

Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Netrin receptor unc-5; Receptor for netrin (unc-6) required for axon guidance. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Axon migration is mediated by the secreted unc-6, which promotes attraction of neurons and axons through binding to the unc-40 receptor, while repulsion requires both unc-5 and unc-40 receptors. Involved in the ventral-dorsal and anterior-posterior migration of distal tip cells along the body, which may be mediated by Wnt receptor mom-5, ced- 10/Rac, ced-12/ELMO and mig-2/RhoG.

Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Netrin unc-6; Component of an extracellular matrix cue that guides dorsoventral migrations on the epidermis. Required for the guidance of pioneer axons and migrating cells along the body wall. During gonad morphogenesis, involved in distal tip cell (DTC) migration from the dorsal side of the hermaphrodite body to the midbody to allow for formation of gonad arms. Its association with either unc-40 or unc-5 receptors will lead to axon attraction or repulsion, respectively. Involved in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensilium, in the male tail. Required for the formation [...]

Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor UNC-73A.

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase; Possesses an intrinsic protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity. Regulates egl-15 activity which is required for hypodermis-mediated fluid homeostasis and protein degradation in muscle. During the formation of neuromuscular junctions at the larval stage, negatively regulates membrane protrusion from body wall muscles. Plays a role in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mediated sensitivity to nicotine. Regulates synaptic levels of nAchR subunit lev-1 in the nerve cord. Promotes the outgrowth of the quaternary dendritic branches of [...]

Unc-40 protein.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...]

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Rac-like GTPase.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Tyrosine protein-kinase src-1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which plays a role in endoderm development by controlling spindle orientation in EMS blastomere, probably downstream of receptor mes-1. Also involved in embryonic body morphogenesis, especially in the formation of the pharynx and the intestine. May be dispensable for pharyngeal muscle organization in the adult. Probably phosphorylates netrin receptor unc-5, to regulate distal tip cell (DTC) migration during gonad development and in axon repulsion. Plays a role in the migration of the QR neuroblast, a precursor of the A [...]

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Netrin receptor unc-5; Receptor for netrin (unc-6) required for axon guidance. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Axon migration is mediated by the secreted unc-6, which promotes attraction of neurons and axons through binding to the unc-40 receptor, while repulsion requires both unc-5 and unc-40 receptors. Involved in the ventral-dorsal and anterior-posterior migration of distal tip cells along the body, which may be mediated by Wnt receptor mom-5, ced- 10/Rac, ced-12/ELMO and mig-2/RhoG.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Netrin unc-6; Component of an extracellular matrix cue that guides dorsoventral migrations on the epidermis. Required for the guidance of pioneer axons and migrating cells along the body wall. During gonad morphogenesis, involved in distal tip cell (DTC) migration from the dorsal side of the hermaphrodite body to the midbody to allow for formation of gonad arms. Its association with either unc-40 or unc-5 receptors will lead to axon attraction or repulsion, respectively. Involved in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensilium, in the male tail. Required for the formation [...]

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor UNC-73A.

Rac-like GTPase.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...]

Rac-like GTPase.

Tyrosine protein-kinase src-1; Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which plays a role in endoderm development by controlling spindle orientation in EMS blastomere, probably downstream of receptor mes-1. Also involved in embryonic body morphogenesis, especially in the formation of the pharynx and the intestine. May be dispensable for pharyngeal muscle organization in the adult. Probably phosphorylates netrin receptor unc-5, to regulate distal tip cell (DTC) migration during gonad development and in axon repulsion. Plays a role in the migration of the QR neuroblast, a precursor of the A [...]

Rac-like GTPase.

Protein unc-33; During neurogenesis, plays an essential role in axonal guidance and outgrowth by regulating the polarization of both microtubule and actin cytoskeletons. Establishes the asymmetry of axonal and dendrite microtubules and the polarized sorting of neuronal proteins. This is achieved in part by regulating the localization of kinesin-like protein unc-104. In neurons without a distal microtubule- organizing center (MTOC), also controls the organization of microtubules in dendrites. During the dorso-ventral axonal guidance and outgrowth of VD neurons, required downstream of Ra [...]

Rac-like GTPase.

Unc-40 protein.

Rac-like GTPase.

Netrin receptor unc-5; Receptor for netrin (unc-6) required for axon guidance. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Axon migration is mediated by the secreted unc-6, which promotes attraction of neurons and axons through binding to the unc-40 receptor, while repulsion requires both unc-5 and unc-40 receptors. Involved in the ventral-dorsal and anterior-posterior migration of distal tip cells along the body, which may be mediated by Wnt receptor mom-5, ced- 10/Rac, ced-12/ELMO and mig-2/RhoG.

Rac-like GTPase.

Netrin unc-6; Component of an extracellular matrix cue that guides dorsoventral migrations on the epidermis. Required for the guidance of pioneer axons and migrating cells along the body wall. During gonad morphogenesis, involved in distal tip cell (DTC) migration from the dorsal side of the hermaphrodite body to the midbody to allow for formation of gonad arms. Its association with either unc-40 or unc-5 receptors will lead to axon attraction or repulsion, respectively. Involved in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensilium, in the male tail. Required for the formation [...]