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| | emb-9 | Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain; Collagen type IV is specific for basement membranes (Probable). Required to restrict presynaptic growth at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) in late larval stage and in adult motor neurons. May play a role in axon regeneration in embryos following injury in D-type motor neurons. (1759 aa) |
| | vps-34 | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; Catalytic subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Together with bec-1, mediates the production of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate on intracellular vesicles and thereby regulates membrane trafficking. Plays a role in endosome-to-Golgi retrograde transport of mig-14. Involved in clearance of apoptotic cell corpses by phagosomes. Phagosome maturation requires two sequential and non-overlapping pulses of phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) on the vesicle surface which mediates recr [...] (901 aa) |
| | casy-1 | CAlSYntenin/Alcadein homolog. (984 aa) |
| | faah-1 | Fatty acid amide hydrolase 1; Degrades bioactive fatty acid amides like palmitoyl ethanolamide (PEA), palmitoleoyl ethanolamide (POEA), oleoyl ethanolamide (OEA), linoleoyl ethanolamide (LOEA), arachidonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide, or AEA), and eicosapentaneoyl ethanolamide (EPEA), thereby serving to terminate the signaling functions of these molecules. EPEA promotes dauer formation and may constitute a signal of high nutrient availability. Breakdown of EPEA may promote lifespan extension when nutrient availability is high. Facilitates axon regeneration after injury by degradating inh [...] (572 aa) |
| | ida-1 | Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase-like ida-1; Regulates dense-core vesicle (DCV) trafficking and/or secretion. Probably by controlling DCV trafficking, plays a role in the AVG neuron-mediated formation of the right axon tract of the ventral nerve cord. Involved in locomotion by regulating acetylcholine release. Probably by controlling the secretion of FLP neuropeptides, regulates the turning step of male mating behavior. Plays a role in preventing dauer formation. Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 8 subfamily. (767 aa) |
| | unc-5 | Netrin receptor unc-5; Receptor for netrin (unc-6) required for axon guidance. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Axon migration is mediated by the secreted unc-6, which promotes attraction of neurons and axons through binding to the unc-40 receptor, while repulsion requires both unc-5 and unc-40 receptors. Involved in the ventral-dorsal and anterior-posterior migration of distal tip cells along the body, which may be mediated by Wnt receptor mom-5, ced- 10/Rac, ced-12/ELMO and mig-2/RhoG. (947 aa) |
| | wrm-1 | Armadillo repeat-containing protein wrm-1; Antagonistic role in the Wnt signaling pathway that operates in embryogenesis. When located at the cortex it has been shown to inhibit Wnt signaling during asymmetric cell division but when relocated to the nucleus it shows positive regulation. Has a role in blastomere signaling during endoderm specification. Activates lit-1- dependent kinase activity. Wrm-1/lit-1 complex promotes phosphorylation, down-regulation and subcellular relocation of pop-1. Can substitute for bar-1 indicating functional redundancy. Appears to have a role in centrosome [...] (796 aa) |
| | abi-1 | SH3 domain-containing protein. (469 aa) |
| | egl-8 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta egl-8; Mediates the production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) which plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular signaling cascades (By similarity). Required in the nervous system to modulate neuronal activity. Facilitates synaptic transmission at neuromuscular junctions by regulating the release of acetylcholine from the motor neurons and thus affecting locomotion. Plays a role in efficient egg laying and defecation. Involved in axon regeneration [...] (1512 aa) |
| | tpa-1 | Protein kinase C-like 1; Diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins (Probable). Phosphorylates mlk-1, a component of the JNK pathway. Involved in axon regeneration after injury probably by activating the JNK pathway. Plays a role in resistance to fungal infection and in wound healing by promoting expression of antimicrobial peptide nlp- 29 in the epidermis downstream of gpa-12 and plc-3 and upstream of tir- 1-p38-like pathway. Probably by regulating neuronal transmission in ALA neurons, regulates the decrease in phary [...] (704 aa) |
| | rpm-1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase rpm-1; Atypical E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which specifically mediates ubiquitination of threonine and serine residues on target proteins, instead of ubiquitinating lysine residues (By similarity). Shows esterification activity towards both threonine and serine, with a preference for threonine, and acts via two essential catalytic cysteine residues that relay ubiquitin to its substrate via thioester intermediates (By similarity). Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins, including dlk-1. Negatively regulates a p38 MA [...] (3766 aa) |
| | ced-5 | CED-5. (1781 aa) |
| | aex-3 | MAP kinase-activating death domain protein; Plays a novel and significant role in regulating cell proliferation, survival and death through alternative mRNA splicing. Plays an important regulatory role in physiological cell death, caspase-mediated apoptosis (By similarity). Converts GDP-bound inactive form of rab-3 and cab-1 to the GTP-bound active forms. Regulator of presynaptic activity that interacts with rab-3 to regulate synaptic vesicle release. Is also a regulator of the cab-1 synaptic transmission pathway. Probably by converting rab-3 to its GTP-bound active form, plays a role [...] (1409 aa) |
| | unc-78 | Actin-interacting protein 1; Induces disassembly of actin filaments in conjunction with ADF/cofilin family proteins. Regulator of actin organization in myofibrils. (611 aa) |
| | lnp-1 | Endoplasmic reticulum junction formation protein lunapark-1; Plays a role in tubular endoplasmic reticulum network formation and maintenance (By similarity). May be involved in central nervous system development. Has a presynaptic role in neurotransmission. Likely to operate in synaptogenesis by regulating vesicular transport or localization. Required for correct localization of rab-3 and snb-1; Belongs to the lunapark family. (346 aa) |
| | spdl-1 | Spindly-like protein spdl-1; Transient kinetochore component required for chromosome and spindle pole alignment and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Functions downstream of the RZZ complex to mediate kinetochore-microtubule attachments and nuclear envelope breakdown during cell division. Required for kinetochore assembly and localizes the checkpoint proteins mdf-1 and mdf-2, dynein and dynactin to unattached kinetochores. Dynein is believed to control the initial lateral interaction between the kinetochore and spindle microtubules and to facilitate the subsequent formation of end [...] (479 aa) |
| | clp-1 | Calpain clp-1; Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyzes limited proteolysis of substrates (By similarity). Required for assembly and maintenance of integrin attachment complexes which are essential for maintenance of adult muscle. Proteolytic activity is activated in response to increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels during cell degeneration and promotes necrotic cell death. (780 aa) |
| | wsp-1 | WASP (Actin cytoskeleton modulator) homolog. (781 aa) |
| | cls-1 | Protein CLASP-1; Microtubule plus-end tracking protein that promotes the stabilization of dynamic microtubules (By similarity). Operates redundantly with cls-2 and cls-3 in regulating microtubule processes which position the spindle during asymmetric cell division. (1378 aa) |
| | unc-89 | Muscle M-line assembly protein unc-89; Structural component of the muscle M line which is involved in assembly and organization of sarcomere myofilaments. The large isoform a, isoform b, isoform d and isoform f play an essential role in maintaining the organization of sarcomeres but not myofilament alignment during body wall muscle development whereas the small isoform c and isoform d appear to have a minor role. Isoform b and isoform f are required for the organization of unc-15/paramyosin into sarcomere thick filaments in body wall muscles. By binding mel-26, a substrate adapter of t [...] (8081 aa) |
| | ced-10 | Ras-related protein ced-10; Required in engulfing to control the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell corpses. Required in embryonic development for the correct positioning and orientation of the mitotic spindles and division planes in blastomere cells. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and cdc-42, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. ced-2 and ced-5 function to activate ced-10 in a GTPase signaling pathway that controls the polarized extension of cell surfaces. Plays a redundant role with mig-2 in dorsal axonal guid [...] (191 aa) |
| | mnm-2 | Zinc finger protein mnm-2; Required in the M3 pharyngeal motor neuron to guide the growth cone of the sister M2 motor neuron during axon development. (249 aa) |
| | tiam-1 | DH domain-containing protein. (889 aa) |
| | lin-18 | Inactive tyrosine-protein kinase RYK; Has no detectable kinase activity in vitro and is unlikely to function as a tyrosine kinase in vivo (By similarity). Receptor which may act as a receptor for Wnt ligand mom-2. Plays a role in controlling P7.p vulva precursor cell lineage orientation during vulva development. Regulates pop-1 asymmetric distribution in P7.p and its daughter cells. Plays a role in the migration of ALM neurons during embryogenesis. (583 aa) |
| | rab-3 | Ras-related protein Rab-3; Involved in exocytosis by regulating a late step in synaptic vesicle fusion. Could play a role in neurotransmitter release by regulating membrane flow in the nerve terminal (By similarity). Plays a role in the recruitment of endophilin unc-57 to synaptic vesicles. Probably by controlling dense-core vesicle trafficking, plays a role in the AVG neuron-mediated formation of the right axon tract of the ventral nerve cord. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family. (233 aa) |
| | sax-7 | Fibronectin type-III domain-containing protein. (1331 aa) |
| | cab-1 | Protein cab-1. (425 aa) |
| | spas-1 | Probable spastin homolog spas-1; Severs microtubules, probably in an ATP-dependent fashion. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Spastin subfamily. (512 aa) |
| | syp-2 | Uncharacterized protein. (213 aa) |
| | ddr-1 | Discoidin domain-containing receptor A; Receptor which, together with svh-4, is involved in axon guidance to establish the tracts for the ventral and dorsal nerve cords during nervous system development. May play a role in axon regeneration following injury in D-type motor neurons ; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily. (766 aa) |
| | fsn-1 | F-box/SPRY domain-containing protein 1; Component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex which is required for the restriction and/or maturation of synapses in GABAergic neuromuscular junction (NMJ) presynaptic neurons. Promotes NRJ synapse development and synaptic transmission by negatively regulating the daf- 2/InsR pathway in muscles. By targeting convertase egl-3 for degradation, negatively modulates insulin-like protein ins-4 and ins-6 processing. May stabilize synapse formation by promoting the down-regulation of scd-2. Regulates axon termination in PLM an [...] (332 aa) |
| | che-11 | Uncharacterized protein. (1437 aa) |
| | pat-4 | Integrin-linked protein kinase homolog pat-4; Probable pseudokinase that acts as an adapter protein. Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. Involved in the assembly of dense bodies and M lines during body wall muscle development by recruiting several of their components including integrin pat-3, cpna-1, unc-89 and unc- 112 to integrin-mediated attachment sites. Plays a role in distal tip cell (DTC) migration and in oocyte development probably by regulating the actin cytoskeleton. During the formation of neuromus [...] (466 aa) |
| | lgg-1 | Protein lgg-1; Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in the formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). When lipidated mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane fusion during autophagy. Recruits lipidated-lgg-2 to maturing autophagosomes. Acts in the aggrephagy pathway, which is the macroautophagic degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates, and preferentially interacts with autophagy proteins and substrates containing LIR motifs to mediate autophagosome formation and protein aggregate degradation. In particular, binds to components of the unc-51- [...] (123 aa) |
| | tppp-1 | Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein homolog; Regulator of microtubule dynamics. (180 aa) |
| | rig-6 | Contactin rig-6; Probable cell adhesion protein involved in patterning of the nervous system, playing a role in ALM and PLM touch receptor axon growth and VNC axon navigation. By associating with the transmembrane protein sax-7, mediates axonal interactions to establish synaptic connections between the AVG interneuron and the two PHC sensory neurons. Also required for non-neuronal cell migration in the excretory canal, regulating excretory canal elongation and excretory cell morphogenesis. Plays a role in regulating male mating behavior. (1196 aa) |
| | ced-4 | Cell death protein 4; Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and upstream of ced-3 but independently of egl-1. May regulate germline apoptosis in response to DNA damage, probably downstream of let-60/ras and mpk-1 pathway. Regulates CEP neuron apoptosis in response to high Al(3+) levels. During male tail morphogenesis, promotes apoptosis of the tail-spike cell [...] (571 aa) |
| | unc-60 | Actin-depolymerizing factor 2, isoform c; Depolymerizes growing actin filaments in muscle cells; required for the assembly of actin filaments into the functional contractile myofilament lattice of muscle. Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. (152 aa) |
| | mak-2 | MAP kinase-activated protein kinase mak-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is involved in maintaining synapse and axon morphology as well as touch neuron axon regeneration after injury by regulating cebp-1 mRNA stability downstream of the dlk-1, mkk-4 and pmk-3 signaling cascade. May play a role in body wall muscle contraction. Plays a role in the formation of muscle connections, also called muscle arm extensions, between the body wall and the motor axons in the dorsal and ventral cord. (366 aa) |
| | unc-112 | Protein unc-112; Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. Probable regulator of cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. Required during initial muscle assembly to form dense bodies and M-lines. (720 aa) |
| | ced-7 | ABC transporter ced-7; Functions in the engulfment of cell corpses during embryonic programmed cell death to translocate molecules that mediate homotypic adhesion between cell surfaces of the dying and engulfing cells. (1758 aa) |
| | ced-3 | Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...] (503 aa) |
| | egl-3 | Neuroendocrine convertase 2; Serine endoprotease which cleaves preproteins at paired basic amino acids. Processes FMRFamide-like (flp) and neuropeptide-like protein (nlp) neuropeptides. Probably by processing flp-1 and flp-18, modulates the neuronal excitation-inhibition balance and thus the level of activity of the locomotor circuit. Regulates sensitivity to mechanosensory stimuli. By processing neuropeptides, modulates basal acetylcholine release at the ventral cord neuromuscular junctions. Probably by processing flp neuropeptides, regulates the turning step of male mating behavior. [...] (652 aa) |
| | unc-104 | Kinesin-like protein unc-104; Motor protein involved in microtubule-associated anterograde transport. Regulates the transport of synaptic vesicle precursors in the axon of DA motor neurons. Regulates the polarized sorting of axonal proteins. Essential for the transport of synaptic components during the synaptic remodeling of the DD motor neuron, probably downstream of cdk-5 and/or pct-1/cyy-1 complex. Required for the anterograde transport of neuropeptide-containing dense core vesicles along axons. Involved in necrotic cell death. Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase super [...] (1628 aa) |
| | cebp-1 | C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein) homolog. (319 aa) |
| | prg-1 | Piwi-like protein; Belongs to the argonaute family. (824 aa) |
| | atx-2 | Ataxin-2 homolog; Probable RNA-binding protein that negatively regulates the translation of targets. Functions with RNA-binding protein szy-20 to ensure embryonic cell division, and to this end, plays a role in the regulation of centrosome assembly, position and size, and in astral microtubule outgrowth and nucleation. Required for gonad development, germ cell proliferation and for the production of oocytes. Regulates whole body growth and fat accumulation in response to food availability, and this may be through the mTOR pathway, upstream of daf-15 and rheb-1. Belongs to the ataxin-2 [...] (1026 aa) |
| | pink-1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase pink-1, mitochondrial; Protects against mitochondrial dysfunction during cellular stress, potentially by phosphorylating mitochondrial proteins (By similarity). Plays a role in mitophagy. (641 aa) |
| | egl-21 | Carboxypeptidase E; During FMRFamide-like peptide (FaRPs or FLP) and neuropeptide-like protein (NLP) precursor processing, catalyzes the removal of Arg or Lys residues from the C-terminus following the initial endoprotease cleavage. By processing neuropeptides, modulates basal acetylcholine release at the ventral cord neuromuscular junctions. Involved in egg-laying, defecation and locomotion. By processing FLP neuropeptides, regulates the turning step of male mating behavior. Involved in reducing pharyngeal pumping in response to high CO(2) levels. (472 aa) |
| | unc-15 | Paramyosin; Structural component of the muscle thick filaments which is involved in assembly and organization of sarcomere myofilaments. Involved in ovulation. Plays a role in the formation of muscle connections, also called muscle arm extensions, between the body wall and the motor axons in the dorsal and ventral cord. Belongs to the paramyosin family. (872 aa) |
| | kap-1 | Kinesin-Associated Protein. (696 aa) |
| | toca-1 | Transducer of Cdc42-dependent actin assembly protein 1 homolog; Plays a role in protein trafficking, actin organization and embryonic morphogenesis. Potentially acts as cdc-42 effector. May play a role in hypodermal P-cell nuclear positioning. Together with toca-2, is required for protein trafficking regulating yolk protein clathrin- mediated endocytosis by oocytes during oogenesis and retrograde recycling and the sorting of recycling endosome cargo proteins such as mig-14. Also, together with toca-2, controls the distribution of actin at cell junctions. (592 aa) |
| | nmad-1 | DNA N6-methyl adenine demethylase; Dioxygenase that specifically demethylates DNA methylated on the 6th position of adenine (N(6)-methyladenosine) DNA. N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) DNA is involved in epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. Plays an essential role in DNA replication and repair in the germline during meiosis. Binds to components of the DNA replication machinery such as top-2, and directs their localization to DNA to control DNA replication. (291 aa) |
| | emb-27 | Cell division cycle protein 16 homolog; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle (By similarity). The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation. Plays a role in regulating [...] (655 aa) |
| | mat-3 | Cell division cycle protein 23 homolog; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins. Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation. Plays a role in regulating the abundance of glr-1 receptor [...] (673 aa) |
| | sel-2 | Putative neurobeachin homolog; Binds to type II regulatory subunits of protein kinase A and anchors/targets them to the membrane. May anchor the kinase to cytoskeletal and/or organelle-associated proteins (By similarity). Regulates endosomal traffic in polarized epithelial cells such as the vulval precursor cells and intestinal cells. Thought to act as a negative regulator of lin-12 activity in vulval precursor cells. May have a role in the internalization process from basolateral surface of polarized epithelial cells. (2507 aa) |
| | kpc-1 | Furin-like protease kpc-1; Furin-like protease which cleaves proproteins at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif. During neuronal development, regulates the formation and extension of dendrite branches and cellular positioning of various type of neurons. Promotes the formation, extension and self-avoidance of dendritic branches of PVD and FLP mechanosensory neurons. In PVD neurons, regulates plasma membrane levels of branching receptor dma-1 by targeting it to late endosomes and thus promotes normal dendrite branching and dendrite self-avoidance. Also controls dendrite extension in AIY and D-t [...] (692 aa) |
| | F11C1.7 | Uncharacterized protein. (137 aa) |
| | ddr-2 | Discoidin domain-containing receptor tyrosine kinase B; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor which, together with ddr-1, is involved in axon guidance to establish the tracts for the ventral and dorsal nerve cords during nervous system development. Acts upstream of the adapter shc-1, and the tyrosine kinase receptors svh-1 and svh-2 to regulate axon regeneration following injury in D-type motor neurons. May mediate axon regeneration in association with the collagen emb-9. (797 aa) |
| | unc-97 | LIM domain-containing protein unc-97; Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. Probably function in adherens junction. Affects the structural integrity of the integrin containing muscle adherens junctions and contributes to the mechanosensory functions of touch neurons. (348 aa) |
| | nlr-1 | Neurexin Like receptor. (1180 aa) |
| | rbg-1 | Rab3 GTPase-activating protein catalytic subunit; Probable catalytic subunit of a GTPase activating protein that has specificity for Rab3 subfamily. Rab3 proteins are involved in regulated exocytosis of neurotransmitters and hormones. Specifically converts active Rab3-GTP to the inactive form Rab3-GDP (By similarity). (915 aa) |
| | egl-1 | Programmed cell death activator egl-1; Plays a major role in programmed cell death (PCD or apoptosis) by negatively regulating ced-9. Binds to and directly inhibits the activity of ced-9, releasing the cell death activator ced-4 from a ced- 9/ced-4 containing protein complex and allowing ced-4 to activate the cell-killing caspase ced-3. Required to activate programmed cell death in the sister cells of the serotonergic neurosecretory motor (NSM) neurons during embryogenesis. Required to activate programmed cell death in the sister cells of the M4 motor neuron and I1 pharyngeal neuron du [...] (106 aa) |
| | rpt-4 | Probable 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 10B; The 26S proteasome is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The regulatory (or ATPase) complex confers ATP dependency and substrate specificity to the 26S complex (By similarity). (406 aa) |
| | syp-1 | Synaptonemal complex protein SYP-1. (489 aa) |
| | F26F2.7 | Protein TAPT1 homolog. (714 aa) |
| | gex-3 | Membrane-associated protein gex-3; Rac effector required for tissue morphogenesis, cell migrations and egg laying. May play a role in egg laying and in yolk protein clatherin-mediated endocytosis by oocytes during oogenesis. (1141 aa) |
| | atz-1 | Uncharacterized protein. (268 aa) |
| | lim-8 | LIM domain family. (1099 aa) |
| | zag-1 | Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox protein zag-1; Down-regulates expression of genes involved in either the synthesis or reuptake of serotonin, dopamine and GABA. Acts as a transcriptional repressor to regulate multiple, discrete, neuron- specific aspects of terminal differentiation, including cell migration, axonal development and gene expression. Required for axon guidance. Involved in the proper development of the pharynx. Directly represses its own transcription by interacting with conserved E-box sequence motifs 5'-CACCTG-3' in its own promoter. (596 aa) |
| | cpna-1 | Copine family protein 1; Involved in the assembly of dense bodies and M lines during body wall muscle development. Acts by recruiting downstream of integrin-associated protein pat-6/actopaxin several dense bodies and M line components including unc-89, lim-9, scpl-1 and unc-96 to integrin- mediated attachment sites. (1107 aa) |
| | aex-5 | Endoprotease aex-5; Probable serine endoprotease which cleaves preproteins at paired basic amino acids. May process FMRFamide-like (flp) and neuropeptide-like protein (nlp) neuropeptides. In muscles, involved in neuronal retrograde signaling by regulating presynaptic activity and localization of synaptic vesicle fusion protein unc-13 at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Acts in the intestine to regulate anterior body muscle contractions (aBOC) and the expulsion steps during the defecation motor program (DMP). Probably by regulating DMP, required for fatty acid uptake by intestinal cell [...] (537 aa) |
| | dlk-1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase dlk-1; Component of a MAP kinase pathway that functions presynaptically to regulate synaptic architecture and presynaptic differentiation. Phosphorylates and activates mkk-4. Has a role in axonal regrowth following injury and synaptogenesis. Also promotes tubulin post-translational modifications that protect microtubules. Plays a role in cilium length regulation, possibly by reducing rab-5 mediated endocytosis, and may also have a role in intraflagellar transport in cilia. Plays a role in the formation of muscle connections, also called mu [...] (928 aa) |
| | apc-11 | Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 11; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins. Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in meiosis and mitosis. In vitro, recruits the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme ubc-2 to exert ubiquitin ligase activity. Belongs to the RING-box family. (135 aa) |
| | twf-2 | TWinFilin actin binding protein homolog. (333 aa) |
| | piki-1 | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase piki-1; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase involved in clearance of apoptotic cell corpses by phagosomes. Phagosome maturation requires two sequential and non-overlapping pulses of phosphatidylinositol-3- phosphate (PI3P) on the vesicle surface which mediates recruitment of sortins snx-1 and lst-4 and small GTPases rab-5, rab-2 and rab-7. The first pulse is initiated by piki-1, then maintained by vps-34 which also produces the second pulse. Unlike vps-34, not involved in the formation of PI3P in early endosomes; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (1607 aa) |
| | pqm-1 | C2H2-type domain-containing protein. (295 aa) |
| | F40G9.8 | Uncharacterized protein. (273 aa) |
| | unc-6 | Netrin unc-6; Component of an extracellular matrix cue that guides dorsoventral migrations on the epidermis. Required for the guidance of pioneer axons and migrating cells along the body wall. During gonad morphogenesis, involved in distal tip cell (DTC) migration from the dorsal side of the hermaphrodite body to the midbody to allow for formation of gonad arms. Its association with either unc-40 or unc-5 receptors will lead to axon attraction or repulsion, respectively. Involved in the positioning of ray 1, the most anterior ray sensilium, in the male tail. Required for the formation [...] (612 aa) |
| | mkk-4 | MAP kinase kinase mkk-4; Activity is required in presynaptic neurons, in a dose- dependent manner, for normal presynaptic development and morphology. Plays a role in the formation of muscle connections, also called muscle arm extensions, between the body wall and the motor axons in the dorsal and ventral cord. (363 aa) |
| | pmk-3 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-3; Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro- inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Involved in axon regeneration after injury, probably downstream of dlk-1 and mkk-4 and upstream of mak-2. May phosphorylate mak-2. Plays a role in cilium length regulation, possibly by reducing rab-5 mediated endocytosis. Plays a role in the formation of muscle connections, also called muscle arm extensions, between the body wall and the motor axons in the dorsal and ventral cord. (474 aa) |
| | unc-53 | Adapter protein unc-53; Involved in the migration and outgrowth of muscles, axons and excretory canals. (1654 aa) |
| | F52H2.7 | C2 domain-containing protein. (875 aa) |
| | unc-60-2 | Actin-depolymerizing factor 1, isoforms a/b; Depolymerizes growing actin filaments in muscle cells; required for the assembly of actin filaments into the functional contractile myofilament lattice of muscle. Competes with unc-87 for actin binding and inhibits the actin-bundling activity of unc-87. (165 aa) |
| | shc-1 | SHC-transforming protein homolog 1; Scaffold protein which plays an important role in the activation of the JNK pathway composed of mlk-1, mek-1 and kgb-1; by bringing together mek-1 and mlk-1, promotes mlk-1-mediated phosphorylation and activation of mek-1 which in turn phosphorylates kgb-1. In addition, negatively modulates the activation of the insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) probably by inhibiting the insulin receptor daf-2. Positively regulates the activity of the transcription factor daf-16/FOXO by both inhibiting IIS and activating the JNK pathway. Involved in the response to [...] (316 aa) |
| | iff-2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2; mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. Functions as a regulator of apoptosis (By similarity). Acts in somatic tissues and its function in the soma is essential for normal growth and reproduction. (161 aa) |
| | pat-2 | Integrin alpha pat-2; Required for muscle development probably through the regulation of the actin-myosin cytoskeleton. Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle maintenance. During the formation of neuromuscular junctions at the larval stage, negatively regulates membrane protrusion from body wall muscles, probably through lamins such as epi-1, lam-2 and unc-52. Required for distal tip cell migration and dorsal pathfinding. Required for egg-laying. May play a role in cell motility and cell-cell interactions (By similarity). Plays a role in vu [...] (1226 aa) |
| | nid-1 | NIDogen (Basement membrane protein). (1584 aa) |
| | nrf-5 | Nose resistant to fluoxetine protein 5; Plays a role in the uptake of a range of molecules including phosphatidylserine, lipids and xenobiotic compounds from the intestine to surrounding tissues. Possesses lipid transfer activity. Mediates transport of lipids from intestine to reproductive tract. Binds phosphatidylserine. Plays a role in efficient clearance of cell corpses by mediating phosphatidylserine appearance on phagocytic cells, thus promoting phagocytic engulfment of apoptotic cells. Vital for embryonic development. (551 aa) |
| | unc-73 | Guanine nucleotide exchange factor UNC-73A. (2488 aa) |
| | mff-2 | Mitochondrial Fission Factor. (161 aa) |
| | rod-1 | Kinetochore-associated protein rod-1; Essential component of the mitotic checkpoint, which prevents cells from prematurely exiting mitosis. Required for chromosome segregation, the assembly of the dynein-dynactin and mdf-1-mdf-2 complexes onto kinetochores and spindle pole separation. Plays a role in nuclear envelope breakdown. Its function related to the spindle assembly machinery and kinetochore-microtubule attachments likely depends on its association in the mitotic RZZ complex. The RZZ complex recruits the spindly-like protein spdl-1 to kinetochores. To prevent irregular chromosome [...] (2049 aa) |
| | gex-2 | Cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein homolog; Required for initial steps of body morphogenesis. May play a role in egg laying and yolk protein clatherin-mediated endocytosis by oocytes during oogenesis. Plays a role in the formation of muscle connections, also called muscle arm extensions, between the body wall and the motor axons in the dorsal and ventral cord. (1262 aa) |
| | unc-64 | Syntaxin-1A homolog; Plays a critical role in several secretory processes, including cuticle secretion and neurotransmitter release, and probably assists in neuronal membrane maturation or the final stages of neuronal differentiation. Essential for embryonic viability and development. Has a role in dauer formation and adult life span. Required for locomotion. Probably by regulating neuronal transmission downstream of lin-3 and receptor lin-23 and phospholipase plc-3 and upstream of innexin unc-7 and egl-4/PKG in ALA neurons, involved in the decrease in pharyngeal pumping during the qui [...] (291 aa) |
| | clr-1 | Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase; Possesses an intrinsic protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity. Regulates egl-15 activity which is required for hypodermis-mediated fluid homeostasis and protein degradation in muscle. During the formation of neuromuscular junctions at the larval stage, negatively regulates membrane protrusion from body wall muscles. Plays a role in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mediated sensitivity to nicotine. Regulates synaptic levels of nAchR subunit lev-1 in the nerve cord. Promotes the outgrowth of the quaternary dendritic branches of [...] (1444 aa) |
| | ced-6 | Cell death protein 6; May function as an adapter protein in a pathway that mediates recognition and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells during normal development. Promotes engulfment of cells at both early and late stages of apoptosis. Required for actin reorganization around apoptotic cells. Belongs to the ced-6 family. (492 aa) |
| | daam-1 | FH2 domain-containing protein. (987 aa) |
| | ric-7 | Uncharacterized protein. (709 aa) |
| | zyg-1 | Probable serine/threonine-protein kinase zyg-1; Protein kinase that plays a central role in centrosome duplication, control of centrosome size, spindle formation and nuclear envelope breakdown during cell divisions. Paternal copy is required to regulate synthesis of daughter centrioles prior to fertilization. Maternal copy regulates centrosome duplication during later cell cycles. Functions upstream of sas-5 and sas-6, and is required for their localization to the centrosome. Its role in nuclear envelope breakdown is mediated by the spindly-like protein spdl-1 and the RZZ complex, whic [...] (706 aa) |
| | syd-2 | Liprin-alpha; May play a role in regulating the structure of the neuronal region, called the active zone, from which synaptic vesicles send neurotransmitter signals across the synapse. This may be in association with the liprin-beta protein hlb-1 ; Belongs to the liprin family. Liprin-alpha subfamily. (1139 aa) |
| | plx-2 | Plexin-2; Involved as a receptor for mab-20/sema-2a in the formation or stabilization of cell-cell contacts at several stages of epithelial morphogenesis. In early embryonic development, required for proper ventral closure of the epidermis. During male tail morphogenesis, involved in precursor cell sorting and in the formation of distinct sensory rays. Involved in axon guidance of SDQL neurons during neurogenesis. Probably in response to stimulation by mab-20, regulates fln-1-mediated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and thus axon guidance and/or fasciculation of DD/VD neurons. Bel [...] (1766 aa) |
| | bli-4 | Endoprotease bli-4; Serine endoprotease which cleaves proproteins at paired basic amino acids (Probable). Involved in cuticle biosynthesis probably by cleaving pro-collagen into its mature form. Acts in ASEL sensory neurons to regulate high salt chemotaxis responses probably by cleaving insulin-like protein ins-6 into its mature and active form. Essential for embryonic and larval development. isoform a, isoform e, isoform f, isoform g and isoform h are involved in cuticle biosynthesis but are dispensable for larval development. (942 aa) |
| | pat-6 | Paralyzed arrest at two-fold protein 6; Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and cytoskeleton organization. Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. During embryonic development, required to recruit cpna-1, unc-89 and myofilaments to newly forming integrin attachments composed of integrins pat-2/pat-3, pat-4 and unc-112. Also required to reposition the integrin-based attachments so that they form the highly ordered array of dense body and M-line attachments that are characteristic of mature muscle cells. Du [...] (375 aa) |
| | chc-1 | Probable clathrin heavy chain 1; Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles (By similarity). May play a role in yolk protein clatherin-mediated endocytosis by oocytes during oogenesis ; Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family. (1681 aa) |
| | unc-40 | Unc-40 protein. (1415 aa) |
| | svh-2 | Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor svh-2; Receptor tyrosine kinase which may phosphorylate mlk-1, a component of the mlk-1, mek-1 and kgb-1 pathway. Involved in axon regeneration after injury by promoting the generation of productive and stable growth cones. (1086 aa) |
| | knl-3 | Kinetochore NuLl. (343 aa) |
| | T10B10.3 | Uncharacterized protein. (741 aa) |
| | gld-3 | Defective in germ line development protein 3; Required maternally for germline survival and embryogenesis. Forms a complex with gls-1 which promotes the oogenic cell fate by freeing the translational repressor fbf to repress sperm promoting factors. Promotes maturation of primary spermatocytes to mature sperm. Required during hermaphrodite development to promote sperm fate, which is critical for determining the normal number of sperm. Promotion of sperm fate is at the expense of oogenesis, possibly through the negative regulation of fbf. Required during male development for the continu [...] (969 aa) |
| | ced-9 | Apoptosis regulator ced-9; Plays a major role in programmed cell death (PCD, apoptosis). egl-1 binds to and directly inhibits the activity of ced-9, releasing the cell death activator ced-4 from a ced-9/ced-4 containing protein complex and allowing ced-4 to activate the cell-killing caspase ced-3. During larval development, required for the elimination of transient presynaptic components downstream of egl-1 and upstream of ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic pathway. (280 aa) |
| | jmjd-4 | JmjC domain-containing protein. (367 aa) |
| | cyb-3 | G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B3; Could be involved at the G2/M (mitosis) transition (Probable). Interacts with the CDK1 and CDK2 protein kinases (Probable). G2/M cyclins accumulate steadily during G2 and are abruptly destroyed at mitosis (Probable). Plays a role during oocyte meiosis II. (385 aa) |
| | cdk-1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle. It is required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. p34 is a component of the kinase complex that phosphorylates the repetitive C-terminus of RNA polymerase II (By similarity). (332 aa) |
| | iff-1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1; mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. Functions as a regulator of apoptosis (By similarity). Required for mitotic germ cell proliferation, gametogenesis after entry into meiosis, and localization of the P granule component pgl-1 on P granules; Belongs to the eIF-5A family. (195 aa) |
| | cpl-1 | Cathepsin L-like; Cysteine protease which plays an essential role in the degradation of proteins in lysosomes. During early embryogenesis, maternally required for the proteolytic processing of yolk proteins in platelets, a lysosome- like structure where a slow and controlled degradation of yolk proteins occurs. In the gonad, required for the clearance of apoptotic germ cells in the engulfing cell phagolysosomes. In embryos, required for the degradation of endocytic and autophagic cargos. In embryos, may play a role in the degradation of lipid-containing droplets. Required for larval de [...] (337 aa) |
| | dma-1 | LRRCT domain-containing protein. (603 aa) |
| | daf-16 | Forkhead box protein O; Forkhead-type transcription factor. Binds to the promoters of genes that contain the daf-16 binding element (DBE), TTGTTTAC, in their regulatory region. Functions in the Insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) mediated pathway which affects lipogenesis, lifespan, starvation survival, heat shock and oxidative stress responses, and dauer formation. Longevity signaling predominantly arises from expression in the intestine. Daf-16 transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by cytoplasmic sequestration by association with ftt-2. Inhibition is required for the carbon [...] (541 aa) |
| | sqv-3 | Xylosylprotein 4-beta-galactosyltransferase; Glycosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of the tetrasaccharide (GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-)Ser core linker of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Required for embryonic development. Involved in vulval epithelium invagination ; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family. (289 aa) |
| | pgam-5 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase Pgam5, mitochondrial; Displays phosphatase activity for serine/threonine residues. Has apparently no phosphoglycerate mutase activity (By similarity). Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family. BPG- dependent PGAM subfamily. (284 aa) |
| | cdc-42 | Cell division control protein 42 homolog; Plays an essential role in spindle orientation and organizing cellular and embryonic polarity by controlling the localization and activity of PAR (partitioning-defective) proteins. Required for maintaining the asymmetric cortical localization of the anterior complex proteins par-3 and par-6, the posterior cortical protein par-2, and pkc-3. Involved in hypodermal cell fusion, together with pak-1 and ced-10, leading to embryonic body elongation, which involves dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization. During gonad morphogenesis, plays a role in dista [...] (191 aa) |
| | wve-1 | WH2 domain-containing protein. (468 aa) |
| | met-2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase met-2; Histone methyltransferase which is required for the mono- and dimethylation of 'Lys-9' of histone H3. This increases the efficiency of set-25-mediated trimethylation of histone H3 'Lys-9'. Involved in the transcriptional repression of lin-3 which is required for the negative regulation of vulval cell fate specification during postembryonic development. Has a role in blocking checkpoint signaling and mediating the transcriptional silencing of meiotic sex chromosome inactivation; a mechanism which enables checkpoint proteins to distinguish betwee [...] (1304 aa) |
| | cpi-2 | Cystatin cpi-2; Cysteine protease inhibitor which inhibits members of the peptidase C1 family. Does not inhibit asparaginyl endopeptidase. Required for the uptake and/or processing of yolk proteins during the development of oocytes, probably by regulating the catalytic activity of cysteine proteases cpl-1 and cpz-1. May play a protective role against exogenous cysteine proteases derived from soil bacteria or fungi, or rotting fruits and vegetation. Belongs to the cystatin family. (143 aa) |
| | atg-7 | Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7; E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for autophagy. (647 aa) |
| | gfi-3 | Protein gfi-3; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins. Required for the metaphase to anaphase transition in meiosis. (800 aa) |
| | dab-1 | PID domain-containing protein. (492 aa) |
| | dyf-5 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase dyf-5; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for ciliogenesis. Regulates the length and the morphology of sensory neuron cilia. In addition, plays a role in the anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) in the cilia by regulating the undocking of kinesin-II motor complex (composed of klp-11, klp-20 and kap-1) before reaching the distal segment and the docking of kinesin motor osm-3 onto IFT cargos; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RCK subfamily. (489 aa) |
| | osm-3 | Osmotic avoidance abnormal protein 3; Kinesin motor protein which is required for the anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) along the middle segment of the sensory neuron cilia together with the kinesin II motor complex (composed of klp-11, klp-20 and kap-1) and on its own, is required for IFT along the distal segment. In addition, regulates the length of cilia. May have a role during neurogenesis and axonal transport. (699 aa) |
| | tns-1 | Tensin homolog; Probable phosphatase which regulates axon regeneration after injury by linking the svh-2 and integrin signaling pathways. (1354 aa) |
| | egl-30 | Heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunit. (355 aa) |
| | mlk-1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase mlk-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which, by phosphorylating and activating mek-1, plays an important role in the activation of the JNK pathway composed of mlk-1, mek-1 and kgb-1. Involved in the response to environmental stress such as heavy metals. By activating the JNK pathway downstream of tyrosine receptor svh-2, plays a role in axon regeneration after injury. (1059 aa) |
| | cwn-1 | Protein Wnt-1; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Probable developmental protein. May be a signaling molecule which affects the development of discrete regions of tissues. Is likely to signal over only few cell diameters. Binds receptor tyrosine kinase cam-1. Together with Wnt ligand cwn-2, regulates the migration of CAN, ALM, BDU and HSN neurons during embryogenesis, the migration of QL and QR neuroblast descendants during larval development, and polarity of ALM neurons. Also acts with the Wnt ligand egl-20 to direct HSN neuron migration. Acts [...] (372 aa) |
| | aipl-1 | WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein. (600 aa) |
| | dbn-1 | Drebrin-like protein. (643 aa) |
| | toca-2 | Transducer of Cdc42-dependent actin assembly protein 2 homolog; Plays a role in protein trafficking, actin organization and embryonic morphogenesis. Potentially acts as cdc-42 effector. May play a role in egg laying. Together with toca-1, is required for protein trafficking regulating yolk protein clathrin-mediated endocytosis by oocytes during oogenesis and retrograde recycling and the sorting of recycling endosome cargo proteins such as mig-14. Also, together with toca-2, controls the distribution of actin at cell junctions. Belongs to the FNBP1 family. (610 aa) |
| | mek-1 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase mek-1; Dual specificity protein kinase which may phosphorylate kgb-1 and thereby is an essential component of the JNK pathway composed of mlk-1, mek-1 and kgb-1. May also have a synergistic role with sek-1 in phosphorylating pmk-1. Involved in the response to environmental stress including heavy metal ions (Cu(2+) and Cd(2+)), oxidative stress and starvation. In association with sek-1, regulates germline cell apoptosis in response to oxidative, osmotic and heat shock stresses. Involved in resistance to pathogenic bacteria infecti [...] (347 aa) |
| | gsnl-1 | Gelsolin-like protein 1; Calcium-regulated, actin-modulating protein that binds to the plus (or barbed) ends of actin monomers or filaments, preventing monomer exchange (end-blocking or capping). Binds actin but does not nucleate actin polymerization, albeit slows down elongation by blocking the barbed ends. By promoting actin depolymerization, required for the elimination of presynaptic components downstream of the egl-1, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic pathway during larval development. Belongs to the villin/gelsolin family. (475 aa) |
| | jph-1 | JunctoPHilin. (747 aa) |
| | cyk-3 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase cyk-3; Ubiquitin-protein hydrolase which cleaves ubiquitin from ubiquitinated proteins. Plays a role in embryo osmoregulation. Probably by regulating osmosis, controls actin redistribution in the 1-cell embryos and thus actin-dependent processes such as cytokinesis and P-granules segregation. During the first embryonic mitotic division, involved in the formation of a functional microtubule organizing center provided by the male pronucleus ; Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. (1178 aa) |
| | lgg-2 | Protein lgg-2; Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in the formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). When lipidated mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane fusion. Less effective at promoting membrane fusion than lgg-1. Acts upstream of the autophagy protein epg-5 in the aggrephagy pathway, which is the macroautophagic degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates, and preferentially interacts with autophagy proteins and substrates containing LIR motifs to mediate autophagosome formation and protein aggregate degradation. In particular binds to [...] (142 aa) |
| | unc-22 | Twitchin; Regulator of muscle contraction and relaxation. Senses mechanical strain that occurs during muscle activity by unfolding in clearly resolvable steps at differing forces. Plays a role in the organization of sarcomeres in body wall muscles ; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (7158 aa) |
| | panl-3 | PAN2-PAN3 deadenylation complex subunit PAN3; Regulatory subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in general and miRNA-mediated mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein (PABP). PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenlyation-dependent mRNA deca [...] (632 aa) |
| | unc-31 | Calcium-dependent secretion activator; Calcium-binding protein involved in exocytosis of vesicles filled with neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Probably acts upstream of fusion in the biogenesis or maintenance of mature secretory vesicles. May specifically mediate the Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of large dense-core vesicles (DCVs) and other dense-core vesicles (By similarity). Specifically required to activate the neuronal G-alpha pathway. Functions with G-alpha proteins from the same motor neurons to regulate locomotion. Involved in regulating entry into quiescence triggered by sat [...] (1401 aa) |
| | pxn-1 | Peroxidasin homolog; Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily. (1285 aa) |
| | pat-3 | Integrin beta pat-3; Integrin alpha ina-1/beta pat-3 is a receptor for laminin. Integrin alpha pat-2/beta pat-3 recognizes the sequence R-G-D in its ligands (Probable). Plays a role in cell migration, morphogenesis and probably in cell-cell interactions. During gonad morphogenesis, involved in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation, in maintaining their sharp tapering morphology and in their migration. Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. Involved in the assembly of dense bodies and M line [...] (809 aa) |
| | nekl-2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase nekl-2; Probable serine/threonine-protein kinase required for the completion of molting. May play a role in endocytosis in the hypodermis syncytium. (357 aa) |
| | gld-2 | Poly(A) RNA polymerase gld-2; Cytoplasmic poly(A) RNA polymerase that adds successive AMP monomers to the 3'-end of specific RNAs, forming a poly(A) tail. Acts as a regulator of mitosis/meiosis required for progression through meiotic prophase during oogenesis and spermatogenesis and for promotion of the entry into meiosis from the mitotic cell cycle. May act by regulating and activating gld-1 mRNA activity in germline. (1113 aa) |
| | unc-52 | Basement membrane proteoglycan; Component of an integrin containing attachment complex, which is required for muscle development and maintenance. Probable structural role in myofilament assembly and/or attachment of the myofilament lattice to the cell membrane. May be an extracellular anchor for integrin receptors in body wall muscles and myoepithelial sheath cells. During the formation of neuromuscular junctions at the larval stage, negatively regulates membrane protrusion from body wall muscles, probably downstream of the integrin complex formed by pat-2 and pat-3. Involved in ovulation. (3375 aa) |
| | npp-20 | Protein SEC13 homolog; Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and the COPII coat (By similarity). Required for the nuclear import of hcp-4 during mitotic prophase, this step is essential for centrosome assembly and resolution. Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family. (313 aa) |
| | mca-3 | Calcium-transporting ATPase; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium. (1234 aa) |
| | such-1 | Suppressor of spindle checkpoint defect 1; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle (By similarity). The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Required for the metaphase to anaphase transition in meiosis. Plays a role in the segregation of DNA and centrioles during meiosis in male germ cells. Belongs to the APC5 family. (798 aa) |
| | Y5H2B.1 | Uncharacterized protein. (364 aa) |
| | Y57G11C.22 | Uncharacterized protein. (444 aa) |
| | wah-1 | Worm AIF (Apoptosis inducing factor) Homolog. (700 aa) |
| | plx-1 | Sema domain-containing protein. (1956 aa) |
| | daf-2 | Insulin-like receptor subunit alpha; Insulin receptor-like tyrosine kinase which regulates metabolism, controls longevity and prevents developmental arrest at the dauer stage. Binding of INS family members may either stimulate, or antagonize, association of the receptor with downstream mediators such as pdk-1 and age-1. Required for germline progenitor proliferation during larval development. Required for the response to environmental stimuli such as food, pheromone, and temperature. Negatively regulates resistance to UV and oxidative stress. Role in immune function and pathogen resist [...] (1928 aa) |
| | stim-1 | Stromal interaction molecule 1; Plays a role in mediating store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), a Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Acts as Ca(2+) sensor which upon Ca(2+) depletion, activates the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel subunit, orai-1. Essential for Ca (2+) and IP3-dependent contractile activity of gonad sheath cells and spermatheca. Essential for fertility. Does not play a role in posterior body wall muscle contraction (pBoc) rhythmicity, intestinal cell oscillatory Ca(2+) signaling or intestinal ER Ca(2+) hemostasis. (530 aa) |
| | nos-3 | Nanos-type domain-containing protein. (871 aa) |
| | grdn-1 | Girdin homolog; Scaffolding protein that plays a role in ciliogenesis, cilium positioning and dendrite anchoring in sensory amphid neurons including AWB, AWA, AWC, ADL and ASI and the phasmid neurons PHA and PHB. Its role in cilium positioning may be through regulation of the localization of cell adhesion proteins such as the apical junction protein ajm-1, and the ciliary scaffolding protein Rootletin/che-10. Belongs to the CCDC88 family. (1319 aa) |
| | tat-1 | Phospholipid-transporting ATPase tat-1; Transports phosphatidylserine from the outer to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, thereby maintaining the enrichment of this phospholipid in the inner leaflet. Ectopic exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface may result in removal of living cells by neighboring phagocytes. Regulation of the phosphatidylserine distribution in plasma membranes is likely to help in the maintainence and control of the membrane surface charge. Plays a role in the formation of the tubular membrane structure and in membrane trafficking and is specifica [...] (1192 aa) |
| | ced-1 | Cell death abnormality protein 1; Involved in programmed cell death, also called apoptosis, in both somatic and germ cells. Acts by recruiting ced-6 to phagosomes which enables actin-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization and subsequent engulfment of the apoptotic cell corpse. Has a role in the association of ppk-3 and rab-7 with the phagosomal surface which is necessary for the incorporation of lysosomes to phagosomes during phagosome maturation. Activates the expression of unfolded protein response genes, which are involved in the immune response to live bacteria. (1111 aa) |
| | rsks-1 | Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which regulates mRNA translation. Negatively regulates lifespan and resistance to starvation, oxidative stress, protein aggregation and P.aeruginosa-mediated infection. May regulate these processes by preventing the activation of transcription factor hif-1. Required, probably downstream of let-363/TOR, for the establishment of the proper number of germline progenitors by promoting cell cycle progression and preventing differentiation during larval development. Regulates germ cell size. In addition required for sperm prod [...] (550 aa) |
| | pqn-85 | Nipped-B-like protein pqn-85; Probably plays a structural role in chromatin. Involved in sister chromatid cohesion, possibly by interacting with the cohesin complex (By similarity). (2203 aa) |
| | ced-2 | Cell death abnormality protein 2; Required for cell migration and engulfment of cell corpses but not for programmed cell death/apoptosis. Has a role in the migration of the 2 gonadal distal tip cells (DTCs). (279 aa) |
| | mig-1 | Uncharacterized protein; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family. (529 aa) |
| | gsk-3 | Glycogen synthase kinase-3; Phosphorylates oma-1, a regulator of the oocyte-to-embryo transition, enabling its degradation. Phosphorylates skn-1, preventing it from accumulating in nuclei and thus inhibiting phase II gene expression in the oxidative stress defense. Involved in mesendoderm specification and mitotic spindle orientation in EMS blastomeres. Thought to be a branch point in these processes as proteins downstream are not required. Negatively regulates Wnt signaling in vulval precursor cells and acts as a Wnt-independent repressor of med-1 and med-2 in the C lineage inhibiting [...] (362 aa) |
| | itsn-1 | ITSN (Intersectin) family. (1087 aa) |
| | mat-1 | Cell division cycle protein 27 homolog; Probable component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle (By similarity). The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Developmental role in early embryogenesis and the metaphase to anaphase transition in oocyte and spermatocyte meiosis and mitosis in germ cells. Required for embryonic anterior-posterior axis formation. Plays a role in regulating [...] (788 aa) |
| | ced-12 | Cell death abnormality protein 12; Involved in programmed apoptosis and necrosis. Required for the cell corpse engulfment process. Has roles in the formation of actin halos and distal tip cell migration. Negatively regulates the unc-6/Netrin receptor unc-5 to control distal tip cell migration along the anterior-posterior axis of the body. Plays no role in amphid axon outgrowth. (738 aa) |
| | sgk-1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase sgk-1; Acts downstream of PI3 kinase age-1 and kinase pdk-1 in the daf-2/insulin receptor-like transduction pathway. Essential role in regulating development, stress response, and longevity. Phosphorylates Forkhead- related daf-16 and the longevity-promoting skn-1 transcription factors, which inhibits their entry into the nucleus and antagonizes their function. Acts downstream of rict-1 to regulate fat storage, size, and development. Downstream of age-1 and together with akt-1/2, promotes cell survival during embryonic development. Does not appear to pla [...] (463 aa) |
| | egl-20 | Wnt homolog. (393 aa) |
| | lin-29 | Transcription factor. (459 aa) |
| | hlh-30 | BHLH domain-containing protein. (524 aa) |
| | mnr-1 | MeNoRin (Dendritic branching protein). (530 aa) |
| | ndc-80 | Kinetochore protein ndc-80; Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated ndc-80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis and spindle checkpoint activity. Plays a role in kinetochore assembly and recruits the checkpoint protein mdf-2 and the spindly-like protein spdl-1 to unattached kinetochores. Mediates the formation of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments through recruitment of spdl-1. The ndc-80 complex synergistically enhances the affinity of the ska-1 complex for microtubules and may allow the ndc-80 complex to track depolym [...] (590 aa) |
| | cdk-5 | Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5; Proline-directed serine/threonine-protein kinase which, in several motor neurons, promotes the polarized trafficking of synaptic vesicles and dense-core vesicles (DCV). In the ventral nerve cord, phosphorylates lin-10 and thereby prevents lin-10-mediated anterograde trafficking of the glutamate receptor glr-1. Involved in the inhibition of glr-1 trafficking in hypoxic conditions. In DA motor neurons but not in DB motor neurons, regulates axonal transport of synaptic vesicle precursors by inhibiting dynein-mediated retrograde transport. Regulates the traf [...] (292 aa) |
| | bbs-8 | Tetratricopeptide repeat protein 8; Component of the BBSome complex (By similarity). The BBSome complex is thought to function as a coat complex required for sorting of specific membrane proteins to the primary cilia (By similarity). The BBSome complex is required for ciliogenesis but is dispensable for centriolar satellite function (By similarity). Required for proper BBSome complex assembly and its ciliary localization. Required for cilia biogenesis and both the assembly and movement of intraflagellar transport proteins along the ciliary axoneme. Plays a role in guanylyl cyclase loca [...] (506 aa) |
| | T24B8.4 | Uncharacterized protein. (850 aa) |
| | mtm-3 | Myotubularin-related protein 3; Preferentially dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3- phosphate (PI3P), and has some activity towards phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI35P). May also dephosphorylate proteins phosphorylated on Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues (By similarity). Positively regulates autophagy and is recruited to autophagosomes by PI3P where it catalyzes PI3P turnover to promote autophagosome maturation. Thought to have a role in maintenance of muscle function. Involved in locomotion and lifespan determination. (1006 aa) |
| | ppm-2 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C T23F11.1. (356 aa) |
| | mom-5 | Protein mom-5; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of gsk-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes (Probable). A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as pkc seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of gsk-3 kinase (Probable). B [...] (570 aa) |
