Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Calreticulin; Molecular calcium-binding chaperone promoting folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the ER via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle (By similarity). This lectin may interact transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER (By similarity). Probably by controlling the folding of extracellular matrix protein unc-52/Perlecan, may play a role in the formation of fibrous organelles, a hemidesmosome-like structure attaching muscles to the epidermis. Protects dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress-induced neurodegen [...]

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Caspase A subunit p14; Cysteine protease which, in vitro, cleaves itself and caspase ced-3 into their mature active forms. Also cleaves, in vitro, inactive caspase csp-2 isoform b. Required maternally to induce apoptosis in a subset of cells fated to die during embryogenesis, mostly independently of the ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 canonical apoptosis pathway. Involved in the degeneration of dopaminergic CEP neurons in response to high Mn(2+) levels.

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Non-catalytic caspase homolog csp-3; Non-catalytic caspase homolog which does not contain the region necessary for caspase activity. Acts as an inhibitor of caspase ced-3 zymogen autoactivation and delays ced-4- induced ced-3 processing. Has no effect on active ced-3. Probably by preventing ced-3 activation, protects cells, whose fate is to live, from apoptosis during embryonic and larval development ; Belongs to the peptidase C14A family.

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Stress-activated protein kinase jnk-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors such as daf-16, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. By phosphorylating daf-16, plays a role in daf-16 nuclear translocation in intestinal cells in response to environmental stresses such as heat and oxidative stresses. Downstream of jkk-1, may coordinate locomotion via type-D GABAergic motoneurons and regulates synaptic vesicle transport in conjunction with unc-16. Independently of jkk-1, may regulate s [...]

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1; Serine/threonine kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Phosphorylates snk-1 which probably regulates skn-1 nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. Probably by activating skn-1, involved in the up- regulation of gcs-1 and glutathione-S-transferase gst-4 expression upon bacteria infection. Up-regulates expression of gcs-1 in intestinal cells upon arsenite treatment. Functions downstream of the MAPKK sek-1 and the MAPKKK nsy-1 as the MAP kinase [...]

Calreticulin; Molecular calcium-binding chaperone promoting folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the ER via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle (By similarity). This lectin may interact transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER (By similarity). Probably by controlling the folding of extracellular matrix protein unc-52/Perlecan, may play a role in the formation of fibrous organelles, a hemidesmosome-like structure attaching muscles to the epidermis. Protects dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress-induced neurodegen [...]

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Calreticulin; Molecular calcium-binding chaperone promoting folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the ER via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle (By similarity). This lectin may interact transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER (By similarity). Probably by controlling the folding of extracellular matrix protein unc-52/Perlecan, may play a role in the formation of fibrous organelles, a hemidesmosome-like structure attaching muscles to the epidermis. Protects dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress-induced neurodegen [...]

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor homolog; Inhibits endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response (By similarity). Retained in the ER under normal conditions and is up- regulated and secreted by the ER in response to ER stress and hypoxia (By similarity). Following secretion by the ER, directly binds to 3-O- sulfogalactosylceramide, a lipid sulfatide in the outer cell membrane of target cells. Sulfatide binding promotes its cellular uptake by endocytosis, and is required for its role in alleviating ER stress under ER stress conditions (By similarity). Has a neuroprotecti [...]

Caspase A subunit p14; Cysteine protease which, in vitro, cleaves itself and caspase ced-3 into their mature active forms. Also cleaves, in vitro, inactive caspase csp-2 isoform b. Required maternally to induce apoptosis in a subset of cells fated to die during embryogenesis, mostly independently of the ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 canonical apoptosis pathway. Involved in the degeneration of dopaminergic CEP neurons in response to high Mn(2+) levels.

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Non-catalytic caspase homolog csp-3; Non-catalytic caspase homolog which does not contain the region necessary for caspase activity. Acts as an inhibitor of caspase ced-3 zymogen autoactivation and delays ced-4- induced ced-3 processing. Has no effect on active ced-3. Probably by preventing ced-3 activation, protects cells, whose fate is to live, from apoptosis during embryonic and larval development ; Belongs to the peptidase C14A family.

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Glutathione-independent glyoxalase DJR-1.1; Catalyzes the conversion of methylglyoxal (MG) or glyoxal (GO) to D-lactate or glycolic acid respectively in a single glutathione (GSH)-independent step. May play a role in detoxifying endogenously produced glyoxals. Involved in protection against glyoxal-induced cell death.

Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 1; Determines polarized sorting of synaptic vesicle (SV) proteins to the axons by excluding SV proteins from the dendrite- specific transport machinery in the Golgi. Role in stress response. Appears to antagonize the effects of pink-1 both in the regulation of axon guidance and stress response; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. ROCO subfamily.

Glutathione-independent glyoxalase DJR-1.2; Catalyzes the conversion of methylglyoxal (MG) or glyoxal (GO) to D-lactate or glycolic acid respectively in a single glutathione (GSH)-independent step. May play a role in detoxifying endogenously produced glyoxals. Involved in protection against glyoxal-induced cell death. Protects dopaminergic neurons from glyoxal-dependent neuronal degeneration; Belongs to the peptidase C56 family. DJ-1 subfamily.

Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 1; Determines polarized sorting of synaptic vesicle (SV) proteins to the axons by excluding SV proteins from the dendrite- specific transport machinery in the Golgi. Role in stress response. Appears to antagonize the effects of pink-1 both in the regulation of axon guidance and stress response; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. ROCO subfamily.

Neuroligin-like protein glit-1; Probable neuronal cell surface protein thought to be involved in cell-cell-interactions (Probable). Confers protection against oxidative stress. Plays a role in protecting dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration ; Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.

Glutathione S-transferase P; Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles (By similarity). Prevents dopaminergic CEP neuron degeneration in response to Mn(2+).

Neuroligin-like protein glit-1; Probable neuronal cell surface protein thought to be involved in cell-cell-interactions (Probable). Confers protection against oxidative stress. Plays a role in protecting dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration ; Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1; Serine/threonine kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Phosphorylates snk-1 which probably regulates skn-1 nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. Probably by activating skn-1, involved in the up- regulation of gcs-1 and glutathione-S-transferase gst-4 expression upon bacteria infection. Up-regulates expression of gcs-1 in intestinal cells upon arsenite treatment. Functions downstream of the MAPKK sek-1 and the MAPKKK nsy-1 as the MAP kinase [...]

Neuroligin-like protein glit-1; Probable neuronal cell surface protein thought to be involved in cell-cell-interactions (Probable). Confers protection against oxidative stress. Plays a role in protecting dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration ; Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.

Tetraspanin-17; Protects dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress- induced neurodegeneration. May act partly via dopamine receptor dop-2 to negatively regulate dopamine reuptake transporter dat-1 activity. Also plays a role in modulating behaviors linked to dopamine signaling. Confers protection against oxidative stress in the whole body.

Glutathione S-transferase P; Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles (By similarity). Prevents dopaminergic CEP neuron degeneration in response to Mn(2+).

Neuroligin-like protein glit-1; Probable neuronal cell surface protein thought to be involved in cell-cell-interactions (Probable). Confers protection against oxidative stress. Plays a role in protecting dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration ; Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.

Glutathione S-transferase P; Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles (By similarity). Prevents dopaminergic CEP neuron degeneration in response to Mn(2+).

Protein skinhead-1; Transcription factor required to specify the fate of ventral blastomeres in the early embryo, and postembryonically for the development of the intestine. Directly regulates expression of zygotically expressed med-1 and med-2 to direct mesendoderm development. Required for stl-1 mRNA up- regulation in response to oxidative stress and anoxia. Required for the up-regulation of gcs-1 and several glutathione-S-transferase mRNAs in response to oxidative stress generated during pathogenic bacterial infection. In neurons, involved in mitochondrial fusion and behavioral reco [...]

Stress-activated protein kinase jnk-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors such as daf-16, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. By phosphorylating daf-16, plays a role in daf-16 nuclear translocation in intestinal cells in response to environmental stresses such as heat and oxidative stresses. Downstream of jkk-1, may coordinate locomotion via type-D GABAergic motoneurons and regulates synaptic vesicle transport in conjunction with unc-16. Independently of jkk-1, may regulate s [...]

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Stress-activated protein kinase jnk-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors such as daf-16, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. By phosphorylating daf-16, plays a role in daf-16 nuclear translocation in intestinal cells in response to environmental stresses such as heat and oxidative stresses. Downstream of jkk-1, may coordinate locomotion via type-D GABAergic motoneurons and regulates synaptic vesicle transport in conjunction with unc-16. Independently of jkk-1, may regulate s [...]

Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1; Serine/threonine kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Phosphorylates snk-1 which probably regulates skn-1 nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. Probably by activating skn-1, involved in the up- regulation of gcs-1 and glutathione-S-transferase gst-4 expression upon bacteria infection. Up-regulates expression of gcs-1 in intestinal cells upon arsenite treatment. Functions downstream of the MAPKK sek-1 and the MAPKKK nsy-1 as the MAP kinase [...]

Stress-activated protein kinase jnk-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors such as daf-16, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. By phosphorylating daf-16, plays a role in daf-16 nuclear translocation in intestinal cells in response to environmental stresses such as heat and oxidative stresses. Downstream of jkk-1, may coordinate locomotion via type-D GABAergic motoneurons and regulates synaptic vesicle transport in conjunction with unc-16. Independently of jkk-1, may regulate s [...]

Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase sek-1; Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the p38 signal transduction pathway which is also composed of upstream effector nsy-1 and downstream effector pmk-1. May phosphorylate pmk-1. Downstream of CaMKII unc-43 and adapter protein tir- 1, plays a role in determining asymmetric cell fates in olfactory AWC neurons during neuronal development. Activation results in the repression of odorant receptor str-2 expression in one of the 2 AWC neurons. Involved in resistance to pathogenic Gram-positive [...]

Stress-activated protein kinase jnk-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors such as daf-16, and thus regulates transcriptional activity. By phosphorylating daf-16, plays a role in daf-16 nuclear translocation in intestinal cells in response to environmental stresses such as heat and oxidative stresses. Downstream of jkk-1, may coordinate locomotion via type-D GABAergic motoneurons and regulates synaptic vesicle transport in conjunction with unc-16. Independently of jkk-1, may regulate s [...]

Protein skinhead-1; Transcription factor required to specify the fate of ventral blastomeres in the early embryo, and postembryonically for the development of the intestine. Directly regulates expression of zygotically expressed med-1 and med-2 to direct mesendoderm development. Required for stl-1 mRNA up- regulation in response to oxidative stress and anoxia. Required for the up-regulation of gcs-1 and several glutathione-S-transferase mRNAs in response to oxidative stress generated during pathogenic bacterial infection. In neurons, involved in mitochondrial fusion and behavioral reco [...]