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| | csn-6 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 6; Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. The CSN complex plays an essential role in embryogenesis and oogenesis and is required to regulate microtubule stability in the early embryo. Mediates mei-3/katanin targeting for degradation at the meiosis to mi [...] (431 aa) |
| | spe-6 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase spe-6; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is involved in spermatogenesis. In spermatocytes, regulates meiosis and the localization and assembly of major sperm protein (MSP) into fibrous bodies. In addition, may suppress the initiation of spermiogenesis downstream of spe-8, spe-12, spe-27 and spe-29. (379 aa) |
| | unc-51 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase unc-51; Protein kinase important for axonal elongation and axonal guidance. Functions in the CAN axons to direct both anterior and posterior migrations. Phosphorylates both unc-14 and vab-8. Component of the unc-51/atg-13 complex that is probably recruited by lgg-1 to preautophagosomes and is required for autophagosome formation. Interaction with autophagy related proteins such as atg-13 links it to the autophagy machinery to in turn promote P-granule degradation in somatic cells. Plays a role in mitophagy during limited food availability. Regulates cell [...] (856 aa) |
| | cif-1 | COP9/Signalosome and eIF3 complex-shared subunit 1; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation (Potential). Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essen [...] (390 aa) |
| | apx-1 | Anterior pharynx in excess protein 1; Involved in the specification of the blastomere cell ABP fate. Contributes to the establishment of the dorsal-ventral axis in the early embryo. (515 aa) |
| | sox-2 | Transcription factor sox-2; Probable transcription factor that regulates the lineage progression of embryonic blast cells and controls the postmitotic specification and differentiation of neurons. Cooperates with additional factors to direct the differentiation of the olfactory neurons, functioning with the transcription factor ceh-36 to specify AWC neurons and with the LIM homeodomain factor lim-4 to suppress AWC terminal differentiation and promote AWB neuron differentiation. Plays a role in the terminal differentiation of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurons. Required for natural r [...] (283 aa) |
| | try-5 | Trypsin-like protease try-5; Serine protease which, in males, acts as a promoting signal during mating to activate sperm. (327 aa) |
| | plx-2 | Plexin-2; Involved as a receptor for mab-20/sema-2a in the formation or stabilization of cell-cell contacts at several stages of epithelial morphogenesis. In early embryonic development, required for proper ventral closure of the epidermis. During male tail morphogenesis, involved in precursor cell sorting and in the formation of distinct sensory rays. Involved in axon guidance of SDQL neurons during neurogenesis. Probably in response to stimulation by mab-20, regulates fln-1-mediated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and thus axon guidance and/or fasciculation of DD/VD neurons. Bel [...] (1766 aa) |
| | ceh-6 | Homeobox protein ceh-6; Vital for embryonic development and essential for the proper function of the excretory cell. Required for the transdifferentiation of the Y rectal epithelial cell to the PDA motor neuron during larval development. (380 aa) |
| | gck-3 | Germinal center kinase 3; Plays a role in osmotic stress responses by regulating ion homeostasis and by controlling cell volume via the phosphorylation- mediated inhibition of the chloride channel clh-3. In addition, increases gpdh-1 translation upon osmotic stress, likely downstream of wnk-1. Involved in several developmental processes including the tubular formation of the excretory canals, the formation of the intestine and the progression through larval stages. In addition, required for germ line development by controlling meiosis and chromosomal segregation during spermatogenesis. [...] (596 aa) |
| | csn-1 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 1; Essential component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. The CSN complex plays an essential role in embryogenesis and oogenesis and is required to regulate microtubule stability in the early embryo. Mediates mei-3/katanin targeting for degradation at the mei [...] (601 aa) |
| | csn-4 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 4; Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. The CSN complex plays an essential role in embryogenesis and oogenesis and is required to regulate microtubule stability in the early embryo. Mediates mei-3/katanin targeting for degradation at the meiosis to mi [...] (412 aa) |
| | fbf-1 | Fem-3 mRNA-binding factor 1; Involved in the control of stem cells and sex determination in the C.elegans hermaphrodite germline. May also play a role in the hermaphrodite germline proliferation and oogenesis. Binds specifically to the regulatory region of fem-3 3'-UTR and mediates the sperm/oocyte switch. Negatively regulates gld-3 expression, possibly by directly binding to two sites within the 3'-UTR of gld-3 isoform b. In association with the cye-1/cdk-2 complex, negatively regulates gld-1 expression in the distal germline cells of the mitotic zone. By binding to the 3'-UTR, repres [...] (614 aa) |
| | ptp-2 | Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type ptp-2; Involved in embryonic and larval development. Plays a role in oogenesis by regulating mpk-1 phosphorylation and oocyte maturation in response to major sperm protein (MSP). During the formation of neuromuscular junctions at the larval stage, negatively regulates membrane protrusion from body wall muscles probably downstream of receptor egl-15. Plays a role in fluid homeostasis probably downstream of receptor egl-15 and adapter soc-1. Promotes vulva induction and negatively regulates fertility probably downstream of receptor let-23. N [...] (668 aa) |
| | cyn-4 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase 4; May catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides thereby assisting the folding of proteins. May also function as a chaperone, playing a role in intracellular transport of proteins. May also have a protein ubiquitin ligase activity acting as an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase or as a ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase promoting elongation of ubiquitin chains on proteins. Influences the hermaphrodite switch from spermatogenesis to oogenesis. Required for body wall muscle cell development. (523 aa) |
| | myrf-1 | Myelin regulatory factor homolog 1, C-terminal; [Myelin regulatory factor homolog 1]: Constitutes a precursor of the transcription factor. Mediates the autocatalytic cleavage that releases the Myelin regulatory factor homolog 1, N-terminal component that specifically activates transcription of genes involved in synaptic rewiring during nervous system maturation. [Myelin regulatory factor homolog 1, N-terminal]: Transcription factor that specifically activates expression of genes involved in synaptic rewiring during nervous system maturation. Specifically required for dorsal D (DD) GABA [...] (931 aa) |
| | lin-25 | Protein lin-25; Participates in the inductive signaling pathway downstream of let-60 Ras and the RAF/MAP kinase cascade to regulate specification and differentiation of many cell types. Positively regulates the fate of vulval precursor cells. Required for induction of the P12 and excretory duct cell fates. In males, it is also required for proper formation of spicules. Does not function in the signaling pathway that promotes exit from pachytene. Plays a role in responses to M.nematophilum-mediated bacterial infection by promoting tail swelling and preventing constipation. (1139 aa) |
| | smp-1 | Semaphorin-1A; May function in growth cone guidance; Belongs to the semaphorin family. (712 aa) |
| | mek-2 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase mek-2; Functions in the let-60 Ras signaling pathway; acts downstream of lin-45 raf kinase, but before the sur-1/mpk-1 gene product in controlling vulval cell differentiation. Required for progression of developing oocytes through the pachytene stage. Plays a role in responses to M.nematophilum- mediated bacterial infection by promoting tail swelling and preventing constipation. Involved in fluid homeostasis. Positively regulates lifespan upstream of mpk-1. (387 aa) |
| | mab-3 | Protein male abnormal 3; Transcription factor which binds the DNA motif 5'- [CGA][TCA][TA]ACAATGT[AT][TGA]C-3', probably as a monomer. Acts partially redundantly with the transcription factor dmd-3 to coordinate tail tip cell fusion and retraction and thereby regulate male tail tip morphogenesis. Promotes male-specific development of two tissues, the peripheral nervous system and the intestine. In the peripheral nervous system, directs differentiation of sensory ray neuroblasts into peripheral sense organs. In the intestine, causes repression of vitellogenin gene transcription. (290 aa) |
| | daz-1 | DAZ protein 1; RNA-binding protein that plays a central role in oogenesis, but not for spermatogenesis. Required for meiotic entry and germline differentiation, at the pachytene stage of meiosis I of female germline regardless of the sex of the soma. May act by regulating translation of specific mRNAs, possibly by binding to their 3'-UTR. (498 aa) |
| | unc-64 | Syntaxin-1A homolog; Plays a critical role in several secretory processes, including cuticle secretion and neurotransmitter release, and probably assists in neuronal membrane maturation or the final stages of neuronal differentiation. Essential for embryonic viability and development. Has a role in dauer formation and adult life span. Required for locomotion. Probably by regulating neuronal transmission downstream of lin-3 and receptor lin-23 and phospholipase plc-3 and upstream of innexin unc-7 and egl-4/PKG in ALA neurons, involved in the decrease in pharyngeal pumping during the qui [...] (291 aa) |
| | sel-10 | F-box/WD repeat-containing protein sel-10; Probable substrate recognition component of SCF (SKP1-CUL-F- box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Regulates synapse elimination in early development in the motor neuron HSNL. Cell autonomous negative regulator of lin-12/Notch-mediated signaling, with respect to lin-12 activity in cell fate decisions and tumorigenesis. May target the intracellular domains of lin-12/Notch proteins for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Involved in sex determin [...] (587 aa) |
| | par-3 | Partitioning defective protein 3; In cooperation with pkc-3, required for establishing cell polarity and regulating spindle orientation in the early embryo. Localization is crucial for recruiting par-6 and pkc-3 to the peripheral apical cortex and restricting par-2 to basolateral surfaces. Necessary for apicobasal and anterior-posterior asymmetries associated with cell adhesion and gastrulation during the first few cycles of embryogenesis, and also for epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Regulates the asymmetric localization of csnk-1, ppk-1 and gpr-1/2 during the first [...] (1533 aa) |
| | wee-1.3 | Membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase wee-1.3; Acts as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by phosphorylation of the CDK1 kinase during oocyte maturation. Required for oocyte maturation, embryonic development, germline proliferation and initiation of meiosis during spermatogenesis. Required for chromosome structure during mitosis and negative regulation of nuclear envelope breakdown. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WEE1 subfamily. (677 aa) |
| | impt-1 | Protein IMPACT homolog; Translational regulator that ensures constant high levels of translation under amino acid starvation. Plays a role as a negative regulator of the gcn-2 kinase activity; impairs gcn-1-mediated gcn-2 activation, and hence gcn-2-mediated eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation and subsequent down-regulation of protein synthesis in amino acid-starved cells. Plays a role in differentiation of neuronal cells by stimulating neurite outgrowth; Belongs to the IMPACT family. (257 aa) |
| | tra-1 | Sex-determining transformer protein 1; Plays a major role in controlling sexual phenotype. Terminal global regulator in a well-characterized cascade of sex-determining genes. Promotes female development. Interacts with tra-2 to promote spermatogenesis. Promotes spermatogenesis through the Tip60 HAT complex and by regulating the expression of genes, such as fog-3, required for male development (By similarity). Association with chromatin and at the fog-3 promoter requires wdr-5.1, and may also require wdr-5.2. With trr-1, activates the fog-3 gene to determine sperm/oocyte cell fate (By s [...] (1110 aa) |
| | dmd-3 | Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor dmd-3; Transcriptional activator which promotes male-specific development. Acts partially redundantly with the transcription factor mab-3 to coordinate tail tip cell fusion and retraction and thereby regulate male tail tip morphogenesis. This is most likely through the regulation of downstream effectors such as eff-1. May also negatively regulate the expression of other proteins implicated in male tail morphogenesis including nhr-25, vav-1 and arl-1 in tail tip cells. In males, plays a role in the development of ray A-neurons by negativ [...] (250 aa) |
| | pro-3 | Protein SDA1 homolog; Required for 60S pre-ribosomal subunits export to the cytoplasm (Probable). Required for normal somatic gonad development and for regulation of germline development and proliferation. (801 aa) |
| | cyd-1 | G1/S-specific cyclin-D; In association with cdk-4, regulates the progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle during postembryonic development. Regulates proliferation of the coelomocyte lineage and intestinal cells during late embryogenesis. In complex with cdk-4, involved in sex determination during gonadogenesis by regulating the asymmetric division of the somatic gonadal precursor cell (SGP). (405 aa) |
| | max-2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase max-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which phosphorylates mlk-1. Involved in the stress response to heavy metals by activating the mlk- 1/mek-1/kgb-1 pathway. In ventral cord commissural motoneurons, required for dorsal axon guidance downstream of unc- 6/netrin repulsion receptor unc-5 and probably of Rho GTPases ced-10 and mig-2. Plays a redundant role with mig-10 in orientating axonal growth of HSN neurons. Plays a redundant role with pak-1 in P neuroblast migration and in distal tip cell (DTC)-mediated guidance of gonad elongation probably downstre [...] (649 aa) |
| | csn-3 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 3; Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. The CSN complex plays an essential role in embryogenesis and oogenesis and is required to regulate microtubule stability in the early embryo. Mediates mei-3/katanin targeting for degradation at the meiosis to mi [...] (501 aa) |
| | gsp-3 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma; Probable phosphatase which plays a redundant role with gsp-4 in spermatogenesis by regulating sister chromatid segregation during meiosis. In addition, involved in sperm motility by controlling the dynamic disassembly of major sperm proteins (MSP) in the spermatozoan pseudopodium. (305 aa) |
| | puf-5 | Pumilio domain-containing protein 5; RNA-binding protein that binds to the consensus sequence 5'- CUCUGUAUCUUGU-3' in mRNA 3'-UTRs and modulates mRNA expression and stability. Functions redundantly with puf-6 and puf-7 in oocyte formation and organization, early embryonic cell divisions, and repression of expression of glp-1 and other maternal mRNAs in late oogenesis. (553 aa) |
| | spe-8 | Spermatocyte protein spe-8; Probable non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase which plays a role in spermatid activation (spermiogenesis) in hermaphrodites. (512 aa) |
| | ife-1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-1; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. All 5 eIF4E proteins bind monomethyl cap structures. Only ife-1, ife-2 and ife-5 bind trimethyl cap structures which result from trans-splicing. Translation of trimethyl cap structure mRNAs may be regulated by intracellular redox state; disulfide bonds change the width and depth of the cap-binding cavity determining selectivit [...] (231 aa) |
| | sdc-1 | Zinc finger protein sdc-1; Embryonic transcription factor regulating downstream genes involved specifically in the sex determination and dosage compensation pathways, or regulating other genes involved in the coordinate control of both processes. Component of the SDC complex that functions in sex determination and in X chromosome dosage compensation specifically in hermaphrodite (XX) animals. Involved in the recruitment of the condensin I-like dosage compensation complex to the male sex-determining autosomal gene her-1, thereby contributing to its repression and initiating hermaphrodit [...] (1201 aa) |
| | hmr-1 | Cadherin-related hmr-1; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. Required for adherens junction assembly and connecting adherens junctions to the cytoskeleton. Isoform b is involved in axonal guidance in a subset of motor neurons. (2920 aa) |
| | rsp-1 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 1; Plays a functionally redundant role in spermatogenesis and growth rate control. (312 aa) |
| | trd-1 | Tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein trd-1; Developmental protein required for cell fate determination in both the germline and seam cells of the developing epidermis. Specifically, involved in sex determination and may function in parallel or downstream of other sex determination factors, including tra-2 and fem-3, to promote oogenesis in its role in the regulation of the switch from spermatogenesis to oogenesis in the gonads. Also implicated in the mitosis to meiosis switch in distal tip cells. (771 aa) |
| | fem-2 | Protein phosphatase fem-2; Dephosphorylates auto-phosphorylated Ca(2+)/calmodulin- dependent protein kinase unc-43/CAMKII in vitro. Involved in the regulation of sex determination. Together with fem-3, required for male sexual development by promoting the proteasomal-mediated degradation of tra-1, a transcription repressor of male-specific genes. Promotes apoptosis. Belongs to the PP2C family. (449 aa) |
| | fcp-1 | RNA polymerase II subunit A C-terminal domain phosphatase; During the late stages of oogenesis, dephosphorylates 'Ser-5' of the heptad repeats YSPTSPS in the C-terminal domain of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit ama-1. Similarly, dephosphorylates 'Ser-5' of ama-1 in early embryonic cells prior to the activation of the zygotic transcription program at the 4-cell embryonic stage. May dephosphorylate 'Ser-2' of the ama-1 heptad repeats YSPTSPS in embryonic somatic and germline cells. (659 aa) |
| | wee-1.1 | Membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase wee-1.1; Acts as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by phosphorylation of the CDK1 kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WEE1 subfamily. (468 aa) |
| | mab-21 | Protein male abnormal 21; Acts in a cell autonomous fashion to specify the properties of the sensory ray and non-autonomously in the choice of hypodermal versus neuroblast cell fate. Belongs to the mab-21 family. (364 aa) |
| | fem-1 | Sex-determining protein fem-1; Sex-determining protein; essential for the adoption of the male sexual fate in all tissues. Substrate recognition subunit of the cullin-RING-based CBC(fem-1) (Cul2-ElonginB-ElonginC) E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex which mediates in association with cofactors fem-2 and fem-3 the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of tra-1. (656 aa) |
| | syd-1 | Rho GTPase-activating protein syd-1; Probable GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state. Regulates the localization and assembly of presynaptic components during presynaptic development and is required for specifying the identity of axons during initial polarity acquisition. In these roles it is thought to act cell autonomously downstream of syg-1 and syg-2 and upstream of syd-2, possibly as a positive regulator of the latter. Required for the control of movement, egg-laying and the correct localization of elks-1. (987 aa) |
| | emo-1 | Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit gamma; Required for oocyte development and ovulation. Required for the translocation of secretory and transmembrane proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum in vitro ; Belongs to the SecE/SEC61-gamma family. (68 aa) |
| | fer-1 | Sperm vesicle fusion protein fer-1; Required for the fusion of the membranous organelles (MOs) with the plasma membrane, a process essential in spermiogenesis. (2034 aa) |
| | pro-1 | Pre-rRNA-processing protein pro-1; Component of the PELP1 complex involved in the nucleolar steps of 28S rRNA maturation and the subsequent nucleoplasmic transit of the pre-60S ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Required for processing ITS2 sequences from rRNA intermediates during 26S rRNA maturation. Required in the soma to promote normal proliferation and prevent germline tumor formation. Belongs to the WD repeat IPI3/WDR18 family. (529 aa) |
| | larp-1 | La-related protein 1; RNA-binding protein that promotes oogenesis by repressing fem-3 expression during germline development. Binds poly-U and poly-G stretches of RNA in vitro. Regulates target RNAs expression either by regulating their stability or translation. (1150 aa) |
| | egl-44 | Transcription enhancer factor-like protein egl-44; Acts upstream of egl-46 to prevent touch cell differentiation in FLP neurons. Also promotes HSN neuron development. In association with egl-46, regulates cell cycle exit in the neuronal Q cell lineage. May be involved in thermal stress response downstream of yap-1. (493 aa) |
| | drsh-1 | Ribonuclease 3; Executes the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) processing in the nucleus, that is the cleavage of pri-miRNA to release pre-miRNA. Involved in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double-strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in fertility. Required for the function or synthesis of the let-7 miRNA. Belongs to the ribonuclease III family. (1086 aa) |
| | unc-4 | Homeobox protein unc-4; Transcription factor that regulates synaptic specificity. Determines the pattern of synaptic input to VA motor neurons. Acts together with unc-37 by repressing the expression of VB-specific genes such as ceh-12, thereby preventing the adoption of VB motor neurons. Has no role in axonal guidance or outgrowth. Belongs to the paired homeobox family. Unc-4 subfamily. (252 aa) |
| | ubxn-1 | UBX domain-containing protein 1; Ubiquitin-binding protein which acts as an adapter for ATPase cdc-48.1 and/or cdc-48.2, conferring substrate specificity. Together with ubxn-2 and ubxn-3, plays a role in hermaphrodite spermatogenesis probably by promoting the degradation of sex determination terminal factor tra-1. (299 aa) |
| | dpy-19 | C-mannosyltransferase dpy-19; C-mannosyltransferase that mediates C-mannosylation of tryptophan residues on target proteins such as unc-5 and mig-21. Mediates the attachment of alpha-mannose in C-C linkage to the C2 of the indole ring of tryptophan. C-mannosylation takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum and frequently found in thrombospondin (TSP) type-1 repeats and in the WSXWS motif of type I cytokine receptors. Required to orient neuroblasts QL and QR correctly on the anterior/posterior (A/P) axis: QL and QR are born in the same A/P position, but polarize and migrate left/right as [...] (683 aa) |
| | fbf-2 | Fem-3 mRNA-binding factor 2; Involved in the control of stem cells and sex determination in the C.elegans hermaphrodite germline. May also play a role in the hermaphrodite germline proliferation and oogenesis. By binding to the 3'-UTR, represses phosphatase lip-1 expression in the distal part of the germline mitotic zone. Binds specifically to the regulatory region of fem-3 3'-UTR and mediates the sperm/oocyte switch. Negatively regulates gld-3 expression possibly by directly binding to two sites within the gld-3 isoform b 3'-UTR. Suppresses germline tumor formation by preventing the d [...] (632 aa) |
| | myrf-2 | Myelin regulatory factor homolog 2, C-terminal; [Myelin regulatory factor homolog 2]: Constitutes a precursor of the transcription factor. Mediates the autocatalytic cleavage that releases the Myelin regulatory factor homolog 2, N-terminal component that specifically activates transcription of genes involved in synaptic rewiring during nervous system maturation. [Myelin regulatory factor homolog 2, N-terminal]: Transcription factor that specifically activates expression of genes involved in synaptic rewiring during nervous system maturation. Specifically required for dorsal D (DD) GABA [...] (1009 aa) |
| | puf-6 | Pumilio domain-containing protein 6; RNA-binding protein that binds to the consensus sequence 5'- CUCUGUAUCUUGU-3' in mRNA 3'-UTRs and modulates mRNA expression and stability. Functions redundantly with puf-5 and puf-7 in oocyte formation and organization, early embryonic cell divisions, and repression of expression of glp-1 and other maternal mRNAs in late oogenesis. (485 aa) |
| | tir-1 | NAD(+) hydrolase tir-1; NAD(+) hydrolase, which plays a key role in non-apoptotic cell death by regulating NAD(+) metabolism. In response to stress, homooligomerizes and catalyzes cleavage of NAD(+) into ADP-D-ribose (ADPR) and nicotinamide; NAD(+) cleavage promoting non-apoptotic neuronal cell death. In males, involved in non-apoptotic death of the linker cell which guides gonad elongation during larval development. Required for both innate immune response and specification of AWC(OFF) neuron. During late embryogenesis, it. acts downstream of CAMKII (unc-43) to regulate specification [...] (984 aa) |
| | pkc-3 | Protein kinase C-like 3; Required for the normal progression of embryogenesis and viability of the organism. Plays an indispensable role in establishing embryonic polarity and in recruiting and maintaining par-6 to the periphery, through interaction with par-3. Required for epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Phosphorylates serine residues of num-1. Required for the expression of antimicrobial peptide nlp-29 in response in response to fungal infection or physical injury. (597 aa) |
| | unc-98 | Zinc finger protein unc-98; Probable transcription factor required for muscle structure. Its dual subcellular localization suggests that it may function both as a muscle adhesion complex protein and as a transcription factor, or work together with transcription factors, to influence gene expression. Thought to act as a molecular bridge between unc-97 and myo-3 at the M-line of muscles, possibly in a signaling role. Plays a role in the formation of muscle connections, also called muscle arm extensions, between the body wall and the motor axons in the dorsal and ventral cord. (310 aa) |
| | glp-1 | Protein glp-1; Involved in the specification of the cell fates of the blastomeres, ABa and APa. Proper signaling by glp-1 induces ABa descendants to produce anterior pharyngeal cells, and APa descendants to adopt a different fate. Contributes to the establishment of the dorsal-ventral axis in early embryos. Regulates germ cell mitotic proliferation probably by regulating MAP kinase phosphatase lip-1 expression. Plays a negative role in lifespan. (1295 aa) |
| | vps-33.2 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33B; Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments and in membrane docking/fusion reactions of late endosomes/lysosomes. Believed to act as a component of the putative CORVET endosomal tethering complex which is proposed to be involved in the rab-5-to-rab-7 endosome conversion probably implicating sand-1, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The CORVET complex is proposed to function as a rab-5 effector to mediate early endoso [...] (617 aa) |
| | trr-1 | Transcription-associated protein 1; Influences germ cell fate in hermaphrodites. Acts downstream of tra-2 and tra-3 and through the Tip60 histone acetyltransferase complex to regulate germ cell fate decisions (By similarity). Required for spermatogenesis and embryonic development (By similarity). Acts with tra-2 to promote expression of fog-3 and control male tail development (By similarity). Involved in the negative regulation of vulval development. Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. TRA1 subfamily. (4064 aa) |
| | apl-1 | Amyloid-beta-like protein; Required for normal developmental progression throughout all life stages. Specifically required for the molt stage during all larval transitions and morphogenesis. Acts with heterochronic genes, including members of the let-7 family, to regulate larval stage to adult transition. Acts synergistically with acn-1 in let-7 regulated postembryonic cell division of hypodermal seam cells. Acts in multiple pathways to influence daf-12 and daf-16 activity to in turn regulate physiological and reproductive processes such as body size and egg- laying. May play a role in [...] (686 aa) |
| | unc-105 | Degenerin-like protein unc-105; Ion channel which is permeable to small monovalent cations. Shown not to be H+-ion gated. May be mechanosensitive and is required for growth and muscle development; Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1.A.6) family. (962 aa) |
| | cpb-1 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1; Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein that binds to and regulates the translation of specific mRNAs. Essential for progression through meiosis. Involved in spermatogenesis. (560 aa) |
| | ceh-36 | Homeobox protein ceh-36; Mediates chemosensory function of ASE and AWC neurons. In ASE neurons, required to diversify the fate of the ASEL neurons from the ASER neurons. In cooperation with the transcription factor sox-2, required for the differentiation of AWC olfactory neurons. May regulate the expression of sox-2 in AWC olfactory neurons. Belongs to the paired homeobox family. (257 aa) |
| | sdc-2 | Sex determination and dosage compensation protein sdc-2; Component of the SDC complex that functions in sex determination and in X chromosome dosage compensation specifically in hermaphrodite (XX) animals. Required for the recruitment of the condensin I-like dosage compensation complex to the male sex-determining autosomal gene her-1, thereby contributing to its repression and initiating hermaphrodite sexual development. Plays a central role in X-chromosome recognition and in the recruitment and assembly of the dosage compensation complex and the dosage compensation protein dpy-21 onto [...] (2962 aa) |
| | cnd-1 | Neurogenic differentiation factor 1; Acts as a transcriptional regulator whose activity is required for several aspects of motor neuron fate specification, including cell division patterns, proper spatiotemporal expression of fate-specific markers, and normal axonal morphology and pathfinding. (192 aa) |
| | rsp-6 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 6; Plays a functionally redundant role in shifting germ cell sexual differentiation in hermaprodites. Required for the development of somatic gonad structures and for progression from larval stage to adulthood; Belongs to the splicing factor SR family. (179 aa) |
| | elt-2 | Transcription factor elt-2; Transcriptional activator that binds to the consensus sequence 5'-[AT]GATA[AG]-3'. Predominantly directs the transcription of intestinal genes such as ges-1, cpr-6, pho-1, ftn-1 and lev-11, and itself. Required for gut-specific differentiation, specifically acting with the GATA region-binding transcription factor elt-7 to control normal gene expression and promote normal formation of the intestine. Regulates intestinal gene expression in response to hypoxia to promote longevity. Regulates tissue specific gene expression at basal levels and in response to bac [...] (433 aa) |
| | ceh-30 | Homeobox protein ceh-30; Cell-type specific anti-apoptotic transcription factor required for the sexually dimorphic survival of the male-specific CEM (cephalic male) sensory neurons during sex determination. In hermaphrodites, the homologous cells undergo programmed cell death due to transcriptional repression of ceh-30 by tra-1, the terminal regulator in the sex determination pathway. (237 aa) |
| | bcl-7 | BCL7-like protein; Required for the terminal differentiation of seam cells, and the differentiation of distal tip cells important for normal somatic gonad and germ cell development. Plays a role in the Wnt signaling pathway, regulating the expression of beta-catenin homologs wrm-1, bar- 1 and sys-1, and the localization of wrm-1 and the wnt signaling pathway component pop-1 during asymmetric cell division of seam cells and the Z-cell lineage of the somatic gonad, respectively. May have a pro-apoptotic role, possibly linked to the negative regulation of expression of anti-apoptotic fact [...] (146 aa) |
| | swm-1 | Serine protease inhibitor swm-1; Serine protease inhibitor (Probable). Probably by inhibiting serine protease tyr-5 in males, prevents the maturation of spermatids into mature motile spermatozoa until their transfer into a hermaphrodite. Also required for efficient sperm transfer and thus for male fertility. (135 aa) |
| | elt-7 | Transcription factor elt-7; Transcriptional activator that binds to the consensus sequence 5'-[AT]GATA[AG]-3'. Required for gut- specific differentiation, specifically acting with the GATA region- binding transcription factor elt-2 to control normal gene expression and promote normal formation of the intestine. May have a protective role in response to infection by Gram-negative bacteria such as P.aeruginosa. (198 aa) |
| | dsc-1 | Homeobox protein dsc-1; Transcriptional regulator which plays a role in the expulsion step of defecation by controlling enteric muscle-specific expression of exp-1 which is required for enteric muscle contraction. Not required for exp-1 expression in the PDA neuron. Also involved in controlling the length of the defecation cycle. (310 aa) |
| | xol-1 | XO lethal protein 1; Acts as a primary sex-determining factor that promotes sexual differentiation. Absolutely required for proper sexual differentiation and male viability. High expression during gastrulation triggers male development, while low expression at that time triggers hermaphrodite development. Although related to GHMP kinase, its mode of action remains unclear; Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Xol-1 subfamily. (426 aa) |
| | tra-2 | Sex-determining transformer protein 2; Plays a major role in controlling sexual cell fates. Promotes female development in XX animals where it sequesters one or more of the FEM proteins to the membrane thereby freeing the tra-1 protein (a putative transcription factor) to enter the nucleus and promote female development. In XO animals it acts as a receptor for her-1 which prevents it from binding to FEM proteins thereby repressing the activity of tra-1. Negatively regulates male development when bound to fem-3 and is required together with tra-1 for promoting spermatogenesis. Also requ [...] (1475 aa) |
| | let-502 | Rho-associated protein kinase let-502; Negatively regulates mel-11 to relieve the inhibition of mlc- 4, allowing contraction of the circumferentially oriented microfilaments in epidermal cells and thereby regulating myosin II contractility during spermathecal contraction, cleavage furrow contraction in early embryos, and embryonic elongation and morphogenesis. Required for P-cell migration. May also play a role in oocyte cellularization. (1173 aa) |
| | cgh-1 | ATP-dependent RNA helicase cgh-1; Probable RNA helicase required for oocyte and sperm function. Also required to prevent the physiological germline apoptosis mechanism killing essentially all developing oocytes. Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX6/DHH1 subfamily. (430 aa) |
| | pro-2 | Nucleolar complex protein 2 homolog; Required for normal somatic gonad development and for regulation of germline development and proliferation. (715 aa) |
| | spe-27 | Spermatocyte protein spe-27; Required for spermiogenesis. (131 aa) |
| | lip-1 | Dual specificity protein phosphatase lip-1; Dephosphorylates MAP kinase mpk-1. Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class dual specificity subfamily. (381 aa) |
| | sor-3 | Sop-2-related protein 3; Probably acts synergistically with sop-2 to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes in order to regulate various neurogenic identities. Specification of some neuronal identities also involves expression of non-Hox genes. Specifies dopaminergic and serotonergic neuronal cell fate, and regulates neurotransmitter choice and axon pathfinding. (531 aa) |
| | hlh-8 | Twist-related protein; Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Involved in postembryonic mesodermal cell fate specification. Activates ceh-24 and egl-15 during mesodermal patterning. (178 aa) |
| | fem-3 | Sex-determination protein fem-3; Required for male development. In XO (male) animals, fem-3 directs male differentiation in all tissues. In XX (hermaphrodite) animals, it specifies the first 80 or so germ cells to be sperm. Negatively regulates male development when bound to tra-2. Together with fem-2 associates with the CBC(fem-1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of tra-1. (388 aa) |
| | csn-5 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5; Probable protease subunit of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. In the complex, it probably acts as the catalytic center that mediates the cleavage of Nedd8 from cullins. It however has no metalloprotease activity by itself and requires the other subunits of [...] (368 aa) |
| | pgl-2 | P granule abnormality protein 2; Transient component of P-granule which is involved in germline development. (532 aa) |
| | hlh-1 | Myoblast determination protein 1 homolog; Accumulation defines the body wall muscle cell fate during embryogenesis. Acts redundantly with fozi-1 to promote body wall muscle cell and coelomocyte specification in postembryonic mesoderm progenitors, probably through suppression of sem-2. (324 aa) |
| | puf-7 | Pumilio domain-containing protein 7; RNA-binding protein that binds to the consensus sequence 5'- CUCUGUAUCUUGU-3' in mRNA 3'-UTRs and modulates mRNA expression and stability. Functions redundantly with puf-5 and puf-6 in oocyte formation and organization, early embryonic cell divisions, and repression of expression of glp-1 and other maternal mRNAs in late oogenesis. (485 aa) |
| | csn-2 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 2; Essential component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. The CSN complex plays an essential role in embryogenesis and oogenesis and is required to regulate microtubule stability in the early embryo. Mediates mei-3/katanin targeting for degradation at the mei [...] (495 aa) |
| | spe-10 | Palmitoyltransferase spe-10; Involved in spermatogenesis, specifically in the morphogenesis of fibrous body-membranous organelles (FB-MO), which are Golgi-derived organelles used for transporting sperm-specific components, in spermatocytes and in their localization into budding spermatids. Required for the proper formation of spermatids and spermatozoa. (351 aa) |
| | lin-12 | Protein lin-12; Involved in several cell fate decisions that require cell- cell interactions. It is possible that lin-12 encodes a membrane-bound receptor for a signal that enables expression of the ventral uterine precursor cell fate. Activity in cell fate decisions and tumorigenesis is negatively regulated by sel-10. Functions in uterine cells to promote basement membrane mobility during tissue remodeling. (1429 aa) |
| | mag-1 | Protein mago nashi homolog; Involved in hermaphrodite germline sex determination. May allow oogenesis by inhibiting the function of one or more of the masculinizing genes (fog, fem, and gld) which act during the fourth larval stage to promote transient sperm production in the hermaphrodite germline; Belongs to the mago nashi family. (152 aa) |
| | mig-23 | Nucleoside-diphosphatase mig-23; Seems to be able to hydrolyze ADP, UDP and GDP. Supports mig- 17 glycosylation and surface expression, which is required for proper migration of distal tip cells during gonad morphogenesis. (552 aa) |
| | met-2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase met-2; Histone methyltransferase which is required for the mono- and dimethylation of 'Lys-9' of histone H3. This increases the efficiency of set-25-mediated trimethylation of histone H3 'Lys-9'. Involved in the transcriptional repression of lin-3 which is required for the negative regulation of vulval cell fate specification during postembryonic development. Has a role in blocking checkpoint signaling and mediating the transcriptional silencing of meiotic sex chromosome inactivation; a mechanism which enables checkpoint proteins to distinguish betwee [...] (1304 aa) |
| | mep-1 | MOG interacting and ectopic P-granules protein 1; Has a broad role in development, specifically in the genetic pathway SynMuvB that negatively regulates specification of the vulval cell fate. Required for fem-3 3'-UTR-mediated repression in the regulation of the sperm/oocyte switch. Acts by regulating the translation of fem-3 mRNA, by binding to its 3'-UTR. (870 aa) |
| | lin-15A | Protein lin-15A; Synthetic multivulva (synMuv) class A protein. SynMuv proteins are required to repress the induction of vulval development. Acts redundantly with SynMuv class B protein lin-15B, and lin-35 to negatively regulate vulval development, most likely through antagonization of the Ras-signaling pathway. May also negatively regulate vulval development in association with other SynMuv class B proteins such as dpl-1 and efl-1. Regulates let-23 basal activity. Required for the correct expression and/or stability of lin-56. (719 aa) |
| | lin-15B | Protein lin-15B; Synthetic multivulva (synMuv) class B protein. SynMuv proteins are required to repress the induction of vulval development. Acts redundantly with SynMuv class A protein lin-15A to negatively regulate vulval development. Regulates let-23 basal activity. (1440 aa) |
| | spe-17 | Spermatogenesis-defective protein spe-17. (140 aa) |
| | spe-4 | Presenilin spe-4; Potential catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex during spermatogenesis, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors (lin-12 or glp-1) (Probable). Involved in spermatid formation during meiosis II. May be required for proper localization of macromolecules that are subject to asymmetric partitioning during spermatogenesis. (465 aa) |
| | pgl-1 | Guanyl-specific ribonuclease pgl-1; Guanyl-specific endoribonuclease which cleaves the phosphodiester bond in single-stranded RNA between the 3'-guanylic residue and the 5'-OH residue of adjacent nucleotide, resulting in the formation of a corresponding 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediate. Together with the P-granule component pgl-3, is involved in the formation of P-granules. Together with pgl-3, probably recruits other granule components such as pos-1, mex-3 and glh-1 to P-granules. In addition, may act redundantly with pgl-3 to protect germ cells from excessive germline apoptosis du [...] (771 aa) |
| | tra-3 | Calpain-5; Required for the correct female sexual development of the soma and germline in hermaphrodite animals, while being fully dispensable in males. Has calcium-dependent proteolytic activity and is involved in the cleavage of tra-2, for which it acts as a potentiator. Capable of calcium-dependent autolysis. Part of the necrosis cell death pathway. Required for necrosis of intestinal cells induced by B.thuringiensis endotoxin Cry6Aa ; Belongs to the peptidase C2 family. (648 aa) |
| | vab-8 | Kinesin-like protein vab-8; Required for posterior migration of cells and axon growth cones during nervous system assembly. [Isoform b]: Specifically required for CAN cell migration. (1066 aa) |
| | ani-2 | Anillin-like protein 2; Required to maintain the structure of the rachis, the central cytoplasmic core of the syncytial adult gonad. Failure to maintain the rachis leads to premature dissociation of oocytes and thereby impedes oogenesis. (1009 aa) |
| | spe-39 | Spermatogenesis-defective protein 39; Proposed to be involved in endosomal maturation implicating in part vps-33.2. May play a role in epithelial polarization through stabilization of apical membrane protein content. May play a role in transcriptional regulation (By similarity). Plays a role in lysosomal trafficking, probably via association with the core HOPS complex in a discrete population of endosomes. Essential for vesicular trafficking during spermatogenesis; required during spermiogenesis or sperm activation for the morphogenesis of specialized Golgi-derived fibrous body-membran [...] (522 aa) |
| | ubxn-2 | UBX domain-containing protein 2; Ubiquitin-binding protein which acts as an adapter for ATPase cdc-48.1 and/or cdc-48.2, conferring substrate specificity. Together with ubxn-2 and ubxn-3, plays a role in hermaphrodite spermatogenesis probably by promoting the degradation of sex determination terminal factor tra-1. Probably in association with ATPase cdc-48.1 or/and cdc-48.2, regulates the centrosomal levels of kinase air-1 levels during mitotic progression by promoting air-1 removal from centrosomes in prophase. Also, regulates spindle orientation in the one-cell embryo by controlling [...] (301 aa) |
| | lag-2 | Protein lag-2; Putative intercellular signal for lin-12 and GLP-1 receptors. Functions in uterine cells to promote basement membrane mobility during tissue remodeling. (402 aa) |
| | lin-45 | Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase; Protein kinase that participates in the induction of vulva and has roles in fertility and viability. Acts downstream of the Ras protein let-60. Required for progression of developing oocytes through the pachytene stage. Plays a role in responses to M.nematophilum- mediated bacterial infection by promoting tail swelling and preventing constipation. Positively regulates lifespan upstream of mek-2 and mpk-1. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily. (855 aa) |
| | rsp-2 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 2; Plays a functionally redundant role in spermatogenesis and growth rate control. Required for the development of somatic gonad structures and for progression from larval stage to adulthood. Belongs to the splicing factor SR family. (281 aa) |
| | gck-1 | Germinal center kinase 1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for normal oogenesis and suppression of germline cell apoptosis. Inhibits phosphorylation and thus probably activation of mpk-1 during pachytene stage. Involved in excretory canal elongation during postembryonic development, probably acting downstream of ccm-3 ; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily. (803 aa) |
| | inx-19 | Innexin-19; Structural component of the gap junctions that specifically coordinates left-right asymmetry in the developing nervous system. Acts by forming gap junction network linking embryonic neurons and providing electrical coupling between cells, leading to promote or inhibit AWC signaling. Required for the left and right AWC olfactory neurons to establish asymmetric patterns of gene expression during embryogenesis. Acts autonomously. (454 aa) |
| | T16G12.1 | Putative aminopeptidase-2; Putative aminopeptidase which plays a role in oocyte maturation. (1890 aa) |
| | lin-32 | Protein lin-32; Essential for the specification of the neuroblast cell fate in the development of peripheral sense organs. Its role in the generation of sensory neurons may be through positively regulating the expression of the zinc finger protein ztf-11 during postdeirid neurogenesis. (142 aa) |
| | pam-1 | Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase; Aminopeptidase. Required for the exit from meiosis, probably upstream of cyclin cyb-3. Involved in the establishment of the anterior-posterior polarity at the embryonic 1-cell stage by regulating the dynamics of sperm-donated centrosomes. Plays a role in oocyte maturation. Required for embryonic development. Belongs to the peptidase M1 family. (948 aa) |
| | hlh-13 | Helix-loop-helix protein 13; Transcriptional activator (By similarity). Shown to have a role in the negative regulation of exit from L1 arrest and dauer diapause dependent on IIS signaling (insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling). Hypodermal expression is regulated by IIS/daf- 16 while neuronal expression is not under the control of IIS/daf-16. (147 aa) |
| | spe-11 | Spermatocyte protein spe-11; Paternally sperm-supplied factor required for embryogenesis. Plays a role in preventing polyspermy possibly by promoting the formation of a continuous and cohesive eggshell chitin layer. (299 aa) |
| | ubxn-3 | UBX domain-containing protein 3; Ubiquitin-binding protein which acts as an adapter for ATPase cdc-48.1 and/or cdc-48.2, conferring substrate specificity. Together with ubxn-1 and ubxn-2, plays a role in hermaphrodite spermatogenesis probably by promoting the degradation of sex determination terminal factor tra-1. During mitosis, ensures the degradation of DNA licensing factor cdt-1 and the disassembly of the DNA replication CMG helicase complex by promoting the dissociation from chromatin of several of its components including cdc-45 and sld-5. (613 aa) |
| | lin-42 | Period protein homolog lin-42; Transcriptional repressor which interacts with the promoter region of target genes. Has a specific role in developmental timing where it regulates temporal expression of a number of miRNAs and mRNAs. Controls temporal cell fate transition during embryonic and early larval development by restricting the expression of specific miRNAs, including let-7, miR-48, lin-4, miR-35 and miR-58. Restricts the accumulation of lin-29 in the hypodermis to the larval L4 stage, thus controlling terminal differentiation of seam cells. Has a role in the miRNA-mediated specif [...] (654 aa) |
| | ceh-14 | Homeobox protein ceh-14; Confers thermosensory function to neurons. Required for correct AFD-mediated thermotaxis. (351 aa) |
| | mpk-1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase mpk-1; Function in let-60 Ras signaling pathway; acts downstream of lin-45 raf kinase, but before the lin-1 gene product in controlling vulval cell differentiation. Plays a negative role in proximal germline proliferation in the mitotic zone. Required for progression of developing oocytes through the pachytene stage. In oocytes, inhibits the activity of the chloride channel clh-3, likely by activating gck-3. Plays a role in response to M.nematophilum-mediated bacterial infection by promoting tail swelling and preventing constipation. Involved in fluid h [...] (444 aa) |
| | zipt-7.1 | Zinc transporter zipt-7.1; Zinc transporter which regulates intracellular zinc levels. Required for spermatogenesis in both hermaphrodites and males where it resides in an inactive form in immature sperm, spermatids, but is likely activated in response to reduced spe-4 and spe-6 function. Upon activation, mediates the release of zinc from internal stores in spermatids into the cytoplasm. The resulting increase in cytoplasmic zinc levels promotes spermatid activation and subsequent differentiation into mature motile sperm that are capable of fertilization. (393 aa) |
| | rsp-5 | Probable splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 5; Plays a functionally redundant role in shifting germ cell sexual differentiation in hermaphrodites. (208 aa) |
| | par-6 | Partitioning defective protein 6; Necessary for apicobasal and anterior-posterior asymmetries associated with cell adhesion and gastrulation during the first few cell cycles of embryogenesis. Required for localizing/ maintaining par-3 at the cell periphery. Regulates mes-1 expression and/or localization pattern during early embryogenesis. Acts together with par-3 and pkc-3 in maintaining epithelial cell polarity in the distal spermatheca. Plays a role in endosome and Golgi body positioning. Belongs to the PAR6 family. (309 aa) |
| | hlh-3 | Helix-loop-helix protein 3; Probable transcriptional regulator. May mediate transcriptional activation by binding to the E-box motif 5'-CANNTG-3'. Plays a role in the differentiation of the hermaphrodite-specific motor neurons (HSN) that are required for normal egg laying. Might play a role in serotonin production by regulating expression of the tryptophan hydrolase tph-1 which catalyzes serotonin synthesis, in the HSN neurons. Also plays a role in HSN axon guidance towards the vulva and the ventral nerve cord, possibly by promoting the expression of the netrin receptor unc-40. Under f [...] (170 aa) |
| | gld-1 | Female germline-specific tumor suppressor gld-1; RNA-binding protein which recognizes the 5'-UACUCAU-3' RNA consensus sequence. Binds sequences in both the 5'coding and the 3'-UTR region of rme-2 mRNA. Binds sequences in the 3'-UTR region of cye-1 mRNA. Binds to cyb-2.1, cyb-2.2 and cyb-3 mRNA. Binds sequences in the 3'-UTR region of tra-2 mRNA. Germ line-specific tumor suppressor essential for oogenesis. Controls the spatial pattern of translation of multiple oogenesis specific mRNAs (e.g. yolk receptor rme-2) by repression of translation during early meiotic prophase (leptotene to pa [...] (463 aa) |
| | egl-13 | Transcription factor egl-13; Probable transcription factor that is required for uterine cell fate decisions. Controls genes required for the specification and differentiation of O(2) and CO(2)- sensing neurons and for maintaining URX sensory neuronal cell fate. (470 aa) |
| | prp-19 | Pre-mRNA-processing factor 19; Probable ubiquitin-protein ligase which is mainly involved pre-mRNA splicing and DNA repair. Core component of the NTC/Nineteen complex which is part of the spliceosome and participates in its assembly, its remodeling and is required for its activity (By similarity). Together with emb-4, necessary for interaction of rnp-4, a probable exon junction complex component, with mRNAs and spliceosomal snRNAs. Plays a role in nuclear retention of unspliced mRNAs. Belongs to the WD repeat PRP19 family. (492 aa) |
| | kgb-1 | GLH-binding kinase 1; Mitogen-activated protein kinase which is an essential component of the JNK pathway composed of mlk-1, mek-1 and kgb-1. Phosphorylates the transcription factor fos-1 which prevents fos-1 dimerization and promoter binding and results in activation of target genes including F53A9.2/kreg-1 and lys-3/kreg-2. Phosphorylates jun-1 and activates the AP-1 transcription factor which is a heterodimer of jun-1 and fos-1. Phosphorylates glh-1 in vitro which may play a role in controlling glh-1 protein levels in the germline by targeting it for degradation by the proteasome. R [...] (390 aa) |
| | lis-1 | Lissencephaly-1 homolog; Positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. May enhance dynein-mediated microtubule sliding by targeting dynein to the microtubule plus end. Required for several dynein- and microtubule-dependent processes such as nuclear migration during cell division. Part of a complex with nud-2, which is recruited to the nuclear envelope by unc-83, where, in turn, it recruits dynein to the nuclear surface and regulates nuclear migration in hypodermal precursor cells. Plays a role in GABAergic synaptic vesicle localization in [...] (404 aa) |
| | gsp-4 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-delta; Probable phosphatase which plays a redundant role with gsp-4 in spermatogenesis by regulating sister chromatid segregation during meiosis. In addition, involved in sperm motility by controlling the dynamic disassembly of major sperm proteins (MSP) in the spermatozoan pseudopodium. (305 aa) |
| | hlh-34 | Helix-loop-helix 34; Transcription factor that may be a master gene of CNS development in cooperation with Arnt. It may have pleiotropic effects in the tissues expressed during development (By similarity). (322 aa) |
