ACTin.

Histone H4.

ACTin.

Histone H4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

ACTin.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

ACTin.

SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein smo-1 from the aos-1-uba-2 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required to sumoylate the ETS transcription factor lin-1 and the Polycomb protein sop-2. Required for embryonic development, fertility, vulval morphogenesis and inhibition of vulval cell fates. Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.

SprT-like domain-containing protein.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

SprT-like domain-containing protein.

5'-tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase; DNA repair enzyme that can remove a variety of covalent adducts from DNA through hydrolysis of a 5'-phosphodiester bond, giving rise to DNA with a free 5' phosphate. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of dead- end complexes between DNA and the topoisomerase 2 (top2) active site tyrosine residue. Hydrolyzes 5'-phosphoglycolates on protruding 5' ends on DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) due to DNA damage by radiation and free radicals; Belongs to the CCR4/nocturin family. TTRAP/TDP2 subfamily.

SprT-like domain-containing protein.

DNA topoisomerase 2 top-2; Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double- strand breaks (By similarity). Essential during mitosis in the adult germline and during embryogenesis for proper segregation of daughter chromosomes. Required for centromere resolution during mitosis. Required for chromosome segregation in anaphase of meiosis I during spermatogenesis. Promotes cleavage furrow stability during cytokinesis upon the presence of chromatin obstructions. Promotes DNA break formation upon zygotic genome [...]

E3 SUMO-protein ligase gei-17; Functions as an E3-type smo-1 ligase. Mediates smo-1 conjugation to air-2 in vitro and is required for proper chromosome alignment. In the early embryo, specifically suppresses checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage, maybe by promoting mus-101 sumoylation. In embryos, plays a role in determining telomere localization in the nucleus.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

E3 SUMO-protein ligase gei-17; Functions as an E3-type smo-1 ligase. Mediates smo-1 conjugation to air-2 in vitro and is required for proper chromosome alignment. In the early embryo, specifically suppresses checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage, maybe by promoting mus-101 sumoylation. In embryos, plays a role in determining telomere localization in the nucleus.

DNA topoisomerase 2 top-2; Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double- strand breaks (By similarity). Essential during mitosis in the adult germline and during embryogenesis for proper segregation of daughter chromosomes. Required for centromere resolution during mitosis. Required for chromosome segregation in anaphase of meiosis I during spermatogenesis. Promotes cleavage furrow stability during cytokinesis upon the presence of chromatin obstructions. Promotes DNA break formation upon zygotic genome [...]

E3 SUMO-protein ligase gei-17; Functions as an E3-type smo-1 ligase. Mediates smo-1 conjugation to air-2 in vitro and is required for proper chromosome alignment. In the early embryo, specifically suppresses checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage, maybe by promoting mus-101 sumoylation. In embryos, plays a role in determining telomere localization in the nucleus.

SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein smo-1 from the aos-1-uba-2 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required to sumoylate the ETS transcription factor lin-1 and the Polycomb protein sop-2. Required for embryonic development, fertility, vulval morphogenesis and inhibition of vulval cell fates. Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.

E3 SUMO-protein ligase gei-17; Functions as an E3-type smo-1 ligase. Mediates smo-1 conjugation to air-2 in vitro and is required for proper chromosome alignment. In the early embryo, specifically suppresses checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage, maybe by promoting mus-101 sumoylation. In embryos, plays a role in determining telomere localization in the nucleus.

XPA_C domain-containing protein.

Histone H4.

ACTin.

Histone H4.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

Histone H4.

SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein smo-1 from the aos-1-uba-2 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required to sumoylate the ETS transcription factor lin-1 and the Polycomb protein sop-2. Required for embryonic development, fertility, vulval morphogenesis and inhibition of vulval cell fates. Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.

Histone H4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

ACTin.

Histone H4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

Histone H4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9; Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein smo-1 from the aos-1-uba-2 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins with the help of an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required to sumoylate the ETS transcription factor lin-1 and the Polycomb protein sop-2. Required for embryonic development, fertility, vulval morphogenesis and inhibition of vulval cell fates. Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

ACTin.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

SprT-like domain-containing protein.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

E3 SUMO-protein ligase gei-17; Functions as an E3-type smo-1 ligase. Mediates smo-1 conjugation to air-2 in vitro and is required for proper chromosome alignment. In the early embryo, specifically suppresses checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage, maybe by promoting mus-101 sumoylation. In embryos, plays a role in determining telomere localization in the nucleus.