Ataxin-3 homolog; Acts as chain editing deubiquitinating enzyme that binds and cleaves 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains, with a preference for chains containing four or more ubiquitin molecules thereby modulating protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Probably by regulating the IGF-1-insulin-like pathway, regulates lifespan. Regulates germline DNA double-strand-break repair and apoptosis in response to DNA damage by recruiting E4 ubiquitin- protein ligase ufd-2 to DNA repair foci. Interacts with key regulators of transcription and represses transcription (By simil [...]

Forkhead box protein O; Forkhead-type transcription factor. Binds to the promoters of genes that contain the daf-16 binding element (DBE), TTGTTTAC, in their regulatory region. Functions in the Insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) mediated pathway which affects lipogenesis, lifespan, starvation survival, heat shock and oxidative stress responses, and dauer formation. Longevity signaling predominantly arises from expression in the intestine. Daf-16 transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by cytoplasmic sequestration by association with ftt-2. Inhibition is required for the carbon [...]

Ataxin-3 homolog; Acts as chain editing deubiquitinating enzyme that binds and cleaves 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains, with a preference for chains containing four or more ubiquitin molecules thereby modulating protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Probably by regulating the IGF-1-insulin-like pathway, regulates lifespan. Regulates germline DNA double-strand-break repair and apoptosis in response to DNA damage by recruiting E4 ubiquitin- protein ligase ufd-2 to DNA repair foci. Interacts with key regulators of transcription and represses transcription (By simil [...]

Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins.

Ataxin-3 homolog; Acts as chain editing deubiquitinating enzyme that binds and cleaves 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains, with a preference for chains containing four or more ubiquitin molecules thereby modulating protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Probably by regulating the IGF-1-insulin-like pathway, regulates lifespan. Regulates germline DNA double-strand-break repair and apoptosis in response to DNA damage by recruiting E4 ubiquitin- protein ligase ufd-2 to DNA repair foci. Interacts with key regulators of transcription and represses transcription (By simil [...]

Ubiquitin thioesterase otubain-like; Hydrolase that can remove conjugated ubiquitin from proteins and plays an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation. Specifically cleaves 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin.

Ataxin-3 homolog; Acts as chain editing deubiquitinating enzyme that binds and cleaves 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains, with a preference for chains containing four or more ubiquitin molecules thereby modulating protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Probably by regulating the IGF-1-insulin-like pathway, regulates lifespan. Regulates germline DNA double-strand-break repair and apoptosis in response to DNA damage by recruiting E4 ubiquitin- protein ligase ufd-2 to DNA repair foci. Interacts with key regulators of transcription and represses transcription (By simil [...]

Uncharacterized protein.

Ataxin-3 homolog; Acts as chain editing deubiquitinating enzyme that binds and cleaves 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains, with a preference for chains containing four or more ubiquitin molecules thereby modulating protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Probably by regulating the IGF-1-insulin-like pathway, regulates lifespan. Regulates germline DNA double-strand-break repair and apoptosis in response to DNA damage by recruiting E4 ubiquitin- protein ligase ufd-2 to DNA repair foci. Interacts with key regulators of transcription and represses transcription (By simil [...]

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase chk-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest, activation of DNA repair and apoptosis in response to the presence of DNA double-strand breaks. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles. Phosphorylates and inhibits cdc25 phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis. Required for nuclear reorganization and homologous chromosome pairing during meiotic prophase.

WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.

WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein.

Cullin-4; Component of cullin-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component. In association with ddb-1 directs ubiquitination of cdt-1 during S phase and is required for restraining DNA rereplication. Probably is involved in ubiquitination of cki-1.

WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein.

DNA damage-binding protein 1; Plays a role in DNA repair. May be a component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which promotes histone ubiquitination in response to UV irradiation. Histone ubiquitination may be important for subsequent DNA repair (By similarity). Promotes the degradation of the replication licensing factor cdt-1 during S-phase, thereby preventing rereplication of DNA during a single round of cell division.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase chk-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest, activation of DNA repair and apoptosis in response to the presence of DNA double-strand breaks. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles. Phosphorylates and inhibits cdc25 phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis. Required for nuclear reorganization and homologous chromosome pairing during meiotic prophase.

WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase chk-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest, activation of DNA repair and apoptosis in response to the presence of DNA double-strand breaks. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles. Phosphorylates and inhibits cdc25 phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis. Required for nuclear reorganization and homologous chromosome pairing during meiotic prophase.

DNA damage-binding protein 1; Plays a role in DNA repair. May be a component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which promotes histone ubiquitination in response to UV irradiation. Histone ubiquitination may be important for subsequent DNA repair (By similarity). Promotes the degradation of the replication licensing factor cdt-1 during S-phase, thereby preventing rereplication of DNA during a single round of cell division.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase chk-2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest, activation of DNA repair and apoptosis in response to the presence of DNA double-strand breaks. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles. Phosphorylates and inhibits cdc25 phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis. Required for nuclear reorganization and homologous chromosome pairing during meiotic prophase.

Protein hsr-9; May have a role in DNA double-strand break repair following gamma-irradiation.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.

WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.

Cullin-4; Component of cullin-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component. In association with ddb-1 directs ubiquitination of cdt-1 during S phase and is required for restraining DNA rereplication. Probably is involved in ubiquitination of cki-1.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.

DNA damage-binding protein 1; Plays a role in DNA repair. May be a component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which promotes histone ubiquitination in response to UV irradiation. Histone ubiquitination may be important for subsequent DNA repair (By similarity). Promotes the degradation of the replication licensing factor cdt-1 during S-phase, thereby preventing rereplication of DNA during a single round of cell division.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.

Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.

Uncharacterized protein.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target lysines as a monomer. Does not seem to be involved in protein degradation and may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process. Plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex aos-1-uba-2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme ubc-9, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as gei-17. Required for embryonic dev [...]

Cullin-4; Component of cullin-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component. In association with ddb-1 directs ubiquitination of cdt-1 during S phase and is required for restraining DNA rereplication. Probably is involved in ubiquitination of cki-1.

WD_REPEATS_REGION domain-containing protein.

Cullin-4; Component of cullin-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component. In association with ddb-1 directs ubiquitination of cdt-1 during S phase and is required for restraining DNA rereplication. Probably is involved in ubiquitination of cki-1.

Cullin-1; Probable core component of multiple cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Required for developmentally programmed transitions from the G1 phase of the cell cycle to the G0 phase or the apoptotic pathway.