DNA polymerase.

DNA polymerase.

Tyrosine-protein kinase abl-1; Functions downstream of migratory protein mig-13 and is involved in Q neuroblast migration during larval development. Recruited by mig-13 to the leading edge of Q neuroblasts and their descendents to signal downstream, likely to the wve-1 pathway, and direct migration along the anteroposterior body axis. Promotes germline cell apoptosis in response to oxidative, osmotic and heat shock stresses. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. ABL subfamily.

ACTin.

Tyrosine-protein kinase abl-1; Functions downstream of migratory protein mig-13 and is involved in Q neuroblast migration during larval development. Recruited by mig-13 to the leading edge of Q neuroblasts and their descendents to signal downstream, likely to the wve-1 pathway, and direct migration along the anteroposterior body axis. Promotes germline cell apoptosis in response to oxidative, osmotic and heat shock stresses. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. ABL subfamily.

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

Tyrosine-protein kinase abl-1; Functions downstream of migratory protein mig-13 and is involved in Q neuroblast migration during larval development. Recruited by mig-13 to the leading edge of Q neuroblasts and their descendents to signal downstream, likely to the wve-1 pathway, and direct migration along the anteroposterior body axis. Promotes germline cell apoptosis in response to oxidative, osmotic and heat shock stresses. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. ABL subfamily.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1; Serine/threonine kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Phosphorylates snk-1 which probably regulates skn-1 nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. Probably by activating skn-1, involved in the up- regulation of gcs-1 and glutathione-S-transferase gst-4 expression upon bacteria infection. Up-regulates expression of gcs-1 in intestinal cells upon arsenite treatment. Functions downstream of the MAPKK sek-1 and the MAPKKK nsy-1 as the MAP kinase [...]

ACTin.

Tyrosine-protein kinase abl-1; Functions downstream of migratory protein mig-13 and is involved in Q neuroblast migration during larval development. Recruited by mig-13 to the leading edge of Q neuroblasts and their descendents to signal downstream, likely to the wve-1 pathway, and direct migration along the anteroposterior body axis. Promotes germline cell apoptosis in response to oxidative, osmotic and heat shock stresses. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. ABL subfamily.

ACTin.

Cell death protein 3 subunit p13; Acts as a cysteine protease in controlling programmed cell death (apoptosis) by proteolytically activating or inactivating a wide range of substrates. Component of the egl-1, ced-9, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic signaling cascade required for the initiation of programmed cell death in cells fated to die during embryonic and postembryonic development. During oogenesis, required for germline apoptosis downstream of ced-9 and ced-4 but independently of egl-1. By cleaving and activating ced-8, promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on the surface of apoptotic ce [...]

ACTin.

Cytochrome b; Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex) that is part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The b-c1 complex mediates electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c (By similarity). Contributes to the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane that is then used for ATP synthesis.

ACTin.

Forkhead box protein O; Forkhead-type transcription factor. Binds to the promoters of genes that contain the daf-16 binding element (DBE), TTGTTTAC, in their regulatory region. Functions in the Insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) mediated pathway which affects lipogenesis, lifespan, starvation survival, heat shock and oxidative stress responses, and dauer formation. Longevity signaling predominantly arises from expression in the intestine. Daf-16 transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by cytoplasmic sequestration by association with ftt-2. Inhibition is required for the carbon [...]

ACTin.

Insulin-like receptor subunit alpha; Insulin receptor-like tyrosine kinase which regulates metabolism, controls longevity and prevents developmental arrest at the dauer stage. Binding of INS family members may either stimulate, or antagonize, association of the receptor with downstream mediators such as pdk-1 and age-1. Required for germline progenitor proliferation during larval development. Required for the response to environmental stimuli such as food, pheromone, and temperature. Negatively regulates resistance to UV and oxidative stress. Role in immune function and pathogen resist [...]

ACTin.

Gelsolin-like protein 1; Calcium-regulated, actin-modulating protein that binds to the plus (or barbed) ends of actin monomers or filaments, preventing monomer exchange (end-blocking or capping). Binds actin but does not nucleate actin polymerization, albeit slows down elongation by blocking the barbed ends. By promoting actin depolymerization, required for the elimination of presynaptic components downstream of the egl-1, ced-4 and ced-3 apoptotic pathway during larval development. Belongs to the villin/gelsolin family.

ACTin.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1; Serine/threonine kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Phosphorylates snk-1 which probably regulates skn-1 nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. Probably by activating skn-1, involved in the up- regulation of gcs-1 and glutathione-S-transferase gst-4 expression upon bacteria infection. Up-regulates expression of gcs-1 in intestinal cells upon arsenite treatment. Functions downstream of the MAPKK sek-1 and the MAPKKK nsy-1 as the MAP kinase [...]

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase homolog that regulates longevity and diapause. Promotes cell survival during embryonic development by recruiting akt-1/2 to the plasma membrane through the production of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Could function in the development or neuroendocrine signaling of the dauer pathway. Mediates susceptibility to enteropathogenic E.coli infection. May negatively regulate AYI interneuron neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in aversive olfactory learning when an odor is associated with food deprivation. Regulates this process by promoting the [...]

Forkhead box protein O; Forkhead-type transcription factor. Binds to the promoters of genes that contain the daf-16 binding element (DBE), TTGTTTAC, in their regulatory region. Functions in the Insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) mediated pathway which affects lipogenesis, lifespan, starvation survival, heat shock and oxidative stress responses, and dauer formation. Longevity signaling predominantly arises from expression in the intestine. Daf-16 transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by cytoplasmic sequestration by association with ftt-2. Inhibition is required for the carbon [...]

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase homolog that regulates longevity and diapause. Promotes cell survival during embryonic development by recruiting akt-1/2 to the plasma membrane through the production of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Could function in the development or neuroendocrine signaling of the dauer pathway. Mediates susceptibility to enteropathogenic E.coli infection. May negatively regulate AYI interneuron neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in aversive olfactory learning when an odor is associated with food deprivation. Regulates this process by promoting the [...]

Insulin-like receptor subunit alpha; Insulin receptor-like tyrosine kinase which regulates metabolism, controls longevity and prevents developmental arrest at the dauer stage. Binding of INS family members may either stimulate, or antagonize, association of the receptor with downstream mediators such as pdk-1 and age-1. Required for germline progenitor proliferation during larval development. Required for the response to environmental stimuli such as food, pheromone, and temperature. Negatively regulates resistance to UV and oxidative stress. Role in immune function and pathogen resist [...]

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase homolog that regulates longevity and diapause. Promotes cell survival during embryonic development by recruiting akt-1/2 to the plasma membrane through the production of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Could function in the development or neuroendocrine signaling of the dauer pathway. Mediates susceptibility to enteropathogenic E.coli infection. May negatively regulate AYI interneuron neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in aversive olfactory learning when an odor is associated with food deprivation. Regulates this process by promoting the [...]

Cell surface receptor daf-4; Involved in TGF-beta pathway. May be a receptor for daf-7. Controls the dauer/nondauer developmental decision in a range of environmental conditions. Regulates body size and male tail patterning. Involved in regulating entry into quiescence triggered by satiety. Involved in sensitivity to CO2 levels. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase homolog that regulates longevity and diapause. Promotes cell survival during embryonic development by recruiting akt-1/2 to the plasma membrane through the production of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Could function in the development or neuroendocrine signaling of the dauer pathway. Mediates susceptibility to enteropathogenic E.coli infection. May negatively regulate AYI interneuron neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in aversive olfactory learning when an odor is associated with food deprivation. Regulates this process by promoting the [...]

Dauer larva development regulatory growth factor daf-7; May act as a negative regulator of dauer larva development by transducing chemosensory information from ASI neurons. Involved in sensitivity to CO2 levels.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase homolog that regulates longevity and diapause. Promotes cell survival during embryonic development by recruiting akt-1/2 to the plasma membrane through the production of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Could function in the development or neuroendocrine signaling of the dauer pathway. Mediates susceptibility to enteropathogenic E.coli infection. May negatively regulate AYI interneuron neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in aversive olfactory learning when an odor is associated with food deprivation. Regulates this process by promoting the [...]

Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase; Protein kinase that participates in the induction of vulva and has roles in fertility and viability. Acts downstream of the Ras protein let-60. Required for progression of developing oocytes through the pachytene stage. Plays a role in responses to M.nematophilum- mediated bacterial infection by promoting tail swelling and preventing constipation. Positively regulates lifespan upstream of mek-2 and mpk-1. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1; Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase homolog that regulates longevity and diapause. Promotes cell survival during embryonic development by recruiting akt-1/2 to the plasma membrane through the production of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Could function in the development or neuroendocrine signaling of the dauer pathway. Mediates susceptibility to enteropathogenic E.coli infection. May negatively regulate AYI interneuron neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in aversive olfactory learning when an odor is associated with food deprivation. Regulates this process by promoting the [...]

Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1; Serine/threonine kinase which responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Phosphorylates snk-1 which probably regulates skn-1 nuclear translocation in response to oxidative stress. Probably by activating skn-1, involved in the up- regulation of gcs-1 and glutathione-S-transferase gst-4 expression upon bacteria infection. Up-regulates expression of gcs-1 in intestinal cells upon arsenite treatment. Functions downstream of the MAPKK sek-1 and the MAPKKK nsy-1 as the MAP kinase [...]

Autophagic-related protein 16.2; Most likely a component of the atg-5-atg-12-atg-16.1/atg-16.2 complex, which is recruited to the preautophagosomal membrane and associates with lgg-2 to promote autophagosome formation. Plays a role in the recruitment of lipidated lgg-1 probably to the autophagosome membrane to promote autophagosome formation. Furthermore, association with atg-5 is required for the nucleation of lgg-1 positive autophagosomes. Although its role in autophagosome formation may be distinct to the role of atg-16.2, it functions in a partially redundant manner with atg-16.1 t [...]

Protein lgg-2; Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in the formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). When lipidated mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane fusion. Less effective at promoting membrane fusion than lgg-1. Acts upstream of the autophagy protein epg-5 in the aggrephagy pathway, which is the macroautophagic degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates, and preferentially interacts with autophagy proteins and substrates containing LIR motifs to mediate autophagosome formation and protein aggregate degradation. In particular binds to [...]

Dual oxidase 1; Plays a role in cuticle biogenesis. In complex with doxa-1 and tsp-15, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are probably used by mlt-7 for tyrosine cross-linking, thus stabilizing cuticular extracellular matrix. May regulate the production of ROS by playing a role in modulating proline catabolism. Required in combination with mlt-7 for correct formation of cross-links in cuticle collagens. Association with the GTPase rho-1 promotes ROS production and this interaction may be modulated by memo-1, in order to control the oxidative stress response and longevity. In [...]

Forkhead box protein O; Forkhead-type transcription factor. Binds to the promoters of genes that contain the daf-16 binding element (DBE), TTGTTTAC, in their regulatory region. Functions in the Insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) mediated pathway which affects lipogenesis, lifespan, starvation survival, heat shock and oxidative stress responses, and dauer formation. Longevity signaling predominantly arises from expression in the intestine. Daf-16 transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by cytoplasmic sequestration by association with ftt-2. Inhibition is required for the carbon [...]

Dual oxidase 1; Plays a role in cuticle biogenesis. In complex with doxa-1 and tsp-15, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are probably used by mlt-7 for tyrosine cross-linking, thus stabilizing cuticular extracellular matrix. May regulate the production of ROS by playing a role in modulating proline catabolism. Required in combination with mlt-7 for correct formation of cross-links in cuticle collagens. Association with the GTPase rho-1 promotes ROS production and this interaction may be modulated by memo-1, in order to control the oxidative stress response and longevity. In [...]

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase nsy-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase which, by phosphorylating and activating sek-1, plays an important role in the activation of the p38 pathway also composed of the downstream effectors sek-1 and pmk-1. Downstream of CaMKII unc-43 and adapter protein tir-1, plays a role in determining asymmetric cell fates in olfactory AWC neurons during neuronal development. Activation results in the repression of odorant receptor str-2 expression in one of the 2 AWC neurons. Involved in resistance to pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteri [...]