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| | Vps26 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26; Component of the retromer complex which acts in conjunction with wingless (wg) and clathrin-mediated endocytosis to sustain a wntless (wls) traffic loop. This loop encompasses the Golgi, the cell surface, an endocytic compartment and a retrograde route leading back to the Golgi, thereby enabling wls to direct wg secretion. The hh and dpp signaling pathways do not require the retromer complex suggesting that it does not play a general role in exocytosis. Belongs to the VPS26 family. (478 aa) |
| | Tip60 | Histone acetyltransferase Tip60; Tat interactive protein 60kDa (Tip60) encodes a lysine acetyltransferase that acetylates histone proteins to regulate chromatin packaging and epigenetic gene control. It also acetylates non-histone proteins, and plays a role in apoptosis, DNA repair and various neural processes. (541 aa) |
| | Prosbeta2R1 | Proteasome subunit beta; Endopeptidase activity; threonine-type endopeptidase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; proteasomal protein catabolic process; proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process. (307 aa) |
| | Gbeta5 | RH17413p; GTPase activator activity; G-protein gamma-subunit binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; dopamine receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of GTPase activity. (358 aa) |
| | Prosalpha3 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-4; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. (264 aa) |
| | sktl | Skittles, isoform A; Skittles (sktl) encodes the major Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate-5 kinase (PI4P5K), catalysing the formation of phosphoinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP4,5). The sktl product is involved in many cellular processes involving (PIP4,5), such as endocytosis. It plays an important role in cell polarity by controlling the localization of the product encoded by baz. (792 aa) |
| | Vps35 | Vacuolar protein sorting 35 (Vps35) encodes a component of the retromer complex that acts to recycle membrane proteins to the Golgi or plasma membrane from endocytosed vesicles. (822 aa) |
| | Prosbeta5R1 | Proteasome subunit beta; Threonine-type endopeptidase activity; endopeptidase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: proteasomal protein catabolic process; proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (315 aa) |
| | Lpt | Lost PHDs of trr (Lpt) encodes a core component of COMPASS-like nuclear receptor coactivator complexes. It is involved in histone methylation and dpp/BMP signaling regulation. (1482 aa) |
| | Ubi-p63E | Polyubiquitin; Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradatio [...] (763 aa) |
| | HDAC1 | Histone deacetylase HDAC1; Catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N- terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation may constitute a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. For instance, deacetylation of histone H3 may be a prerequisite for the subsequent recruitment of the histone methyltransferase Su(var)3-9 to histones. Involved in position-effect variegation (PEV). In the larval brain, part of a regulatory network including the transcript [...] (521 aa) |
| | dsh | Segment polarity protein dishevelled; Required to establish coherent arrays of polarized cells and segments in embryos. Plays a role in wingless (wg) signaling, possibly through the reception of the wg signal by target cells and subsequent redistribution of arm protein in response to that signal in embryos. This signal seems to be required to establish planar cell polarity and identity. (623 aa) |
| | CkIalpha | Casein kinase I isoform alpha; Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. Can phosphorylate a large number of proteins. Negative regulator of wg signaling. Phosphorylates arm directly or indirectly and stimulates its degradation which prevents inappropriate wg signaling. Phosphorylates smo which promotes its accumulation at the cell surface and its signaling activity in response to hh. Together with dco, regulates proteolytic processing of ci by phosphorylating it which promotes its binding to slmb, the F [...] (337 aa) |
| | Prosalpha4 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-7-1; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity; Belongs to the peptidase T1A family. (249 aa) |
| | par-6 | Par-6, isoform A; Par-6 (par-6) encodes a scaffold protein that forms a complex with the products of baz and aPKC and with other cortical, cytoskeletal and regulatory proteins. It is involved in cell polarization, actin-based protrusion formation and tracheal branching. (351 aa) |
| | AP-1-2beta | Adaptor Protein complex 1/2, beta subunit (AP-1-2beta) encodes a clathrin adaptor involved in vesicle trafficking and autophagy regulation. (921 aa) |
| | Rpn1 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2; Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair; Belongs to the proteasome subunit S2 family. (919 aa) |
| | Gbeta76C | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2; G protein beta-subunit 76C (Gbeta76C) encodes a protein that forms a Gbeta-gamma complex that is anchored to the plasma membrane via lipid modification of the gamma-subunit. The Gbeta-gamma complex plays an essential role in phototransduction by presenting the Gqalpha-subunit to rhodopsin GPCRs for efficient activation, and preventing spontaneous GDP-GTP exchange on the Gqalpha-subunit. (346 aa) |
| | Rpn12 | 26S proteasome regulatory complex subunit p30; It is involved in the biological process described with: proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (264 aa) |
| | Prosbeta2 | Proteasome beta2 subunit (Prosbeta2) encodes a component of the 26S proteasome, which degrades polyubiquitinated proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus. (272 aa) |
| | D | Dichaete (D) encodes an HMG-domain protein and member of the Sox family of transcription factors. Its roles include hindgut development, embryonic segmentation, and nervous system development. (382 aa) |
| | wls | Protein wntless; A segment polarity gene required for wingless (wg)-dependent patterning processes, acting in both wg-sending cells and wg-target cells. In non-neuronal cells wls directs wg secretion. The wls traffic loop encompasses the Golgi, the cell surface, an endocytic compartment and a retrograde route leading back to the Golgi, and involves clathrin-mediated endocytosis and the retromer complex (a conserved protein complex consisting of Vps35 and Vps26). In neuronal cells (the larval motorneuron NMJ), the wg signal moves across the synapse via the release of wls-containing exos [...] (594 aa) |
| | Galphai | G protein alpha i subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Plays a role in glial cell differentiation during embryogenesis; loco, Galphao and the G-protein coupled receptor, moody, are required in the surface glia to achieve effective insulation of the nerve cord; Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily. (355 aa) |
| | Rpt6 | 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8; Regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 6 (Rpt6) encodes a subunit of the proteasome, which is responsible for the ATP-dependent degradation of obsolete or damaged proteins. Rpt6 product belongs to the heterohexameric ring formed by triple-A ATPases that unfolds ubiquitinated target proteins before their degradation. (405 aa) |
| | Tak1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7; Component of a protein kinase signal transduction cascade. Mediator of TGF-beta signal transduction. Responsible for activation of the JNK MAPK pathway (basket, bsk and hemipterous, hep) in response to LPS. Component of the NF-kappa-B pathway; relish-mediated JNK inhibition involves proteasomal degradation of Tak1; certain targets of Relish that are induced during immune responses may facilitate destruction of Tak1 and switch off the JNK cascade. Participates in diverse roles such as control of cell shape and regulation of apoptosis. (678 aa) |
| | Vps29 | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29; Acts as component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC). The CSC is believed to be the core functional component of retromer or respective retromer complex variants acting to prevent missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. (182 aa) |
| | Rbbp5 | Retinoblastoma-binding protein 5 homolog; Component of the SET1 complex that specifically di- and trimethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3 and of the MLL3/4 complex which also methylates histone H3 'Lys-4'. (489 aa) |
| | Rpn10 | Regulatory particle non-ATPase 10 (Rpn10) encodes one of the polyubiquitin receptor subunits of the 26S proteasome. It recognizes and binds the polyubiquitin moiety of proteins intended for proteasomal degradation or the ubiquitin-like domain of extraproteasomal ubiquitin receptors. (396 aa) |
| | Rpn5 | Regulatory particle non-ATPase 5; It is involved in the biological process described with: proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (502 aa) |
| | Atu | Another transcription unit protein; RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphoserine binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: positive regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter; histone modification; regulation of hemocyte proliferation. (725 aa) |
| | Prosbeta7 | Proteasome subunit beta type-4; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity (By similarity); Belongs to the peptidase T1B family. (268 aa) |
| | Prosbeta2R2 | Proteasome beta2 subunit-related 2; Endopeptidase activity; threonine-type endopeptidase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process; proteasomal protein catabolic process; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (322 aa) |
| | Rpn11 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14; Metalloprotease component of the 26S proteasome that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. The 26S proteasome is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The function of the 'Lys-63'-specific deubiquitination of the proteasome is unclear (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. PSMD14 subfamily. (308 aa) |
| | wg | Protein wingless; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Segment polarity protein. May be a growth factor. Acts on neighboring cells to regulate at least one gene, the homeobox segmentation gene engrailed. Wg signal represses arm phosphorylation. Wg signaling operates by inactivating the sgg repression of engrailed autoactivation. Wg and Wnt2 have a role in the developing trachea and together are responsible for all dorsal trunk formation. Wg also acts in the developing epidermis. Acts as a morphogen, [...] (468 aa) |
| | emb | Exportin-1; Receptor for the leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES). Binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the small GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Involved in the export of dl, RpS2 and the pre-40S ribosome from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Plays an important role in nuclear pore assembly by mediating nucleoporin condensation and biogenesis of annulate lamellae. Required for the function or maintenance of certain tissues such as brain and gut. (1063 aa) |
| | Ror | Ror (Ror) encodes a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase structurally related to vertebrate neural-specific Wnt-binding Ror receptors. It is primarily expressed in the nervous system and it is likely to signal through the ERK MAP kinase pathway. (685 aa) |
| | RpS27A | Ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a; Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-48-linked is involve [...] (156 aa) |
| | CG7094 | FI08417p; Protein serine/threonine kinase activity; ATP binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; protein phosphorylation; negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway. (390 aa) |
| | Prosbeta3 | Proteasome subunit beta type-3; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. (205 aa) |
| | trbd | Ubiquitin thioesterase trabid; Positive regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. Specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. May act by deubiquitinating APC protein, a negative regulator of Wnt-mediated transcription (By similarity). Required for an efficient wg response, but not for other signaling responses, in the eye; Belongs to the peptidase C64 family. (778 aa) |
| | Ras85D | Ras-like protein 1; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in eye development by regulating cell growth, survival of postmitotic ommatidial cells and differentiation of photoreceptor cells. During larval development, mediates Ptth/tor signaling leading to the production of ecdysone, a hormone required for the initiation of metamorphosis. (189 aa) |
| | pont | RuvB-like helicase 1; Acts as a transcriptional coactivator in Wg signaling caused by altered arm signaling. Pont and rept interfere antagonistically with nuclear arm signaling function, and are required to enhance or reduce arm activity, respectively. Also an essential cofactor for the normal function of Myc; required for cellular proliferation and growth. (456 aa) |
| | Prosalpha2 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-2; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. (234 aa) |
| | Snx3 | Sorting nexin 3 (Snx3) encodes a protein involved in the secretion of the morphogen encoded by wg. It regulates the retromer-dependent recycling of the transmembrane cargo encoded by wls. (167 aa) |
| | wntD | Wnt inhibitor of Dorsal protein; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Belongs to the Wnt family. (309 aa) |
| | CG9588 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9; Acts as a chaperone during the assembly of the 26S proteasome, specifically of the base subcomplex of the PA700/19S regulatory complex (RC). (220 aa) |
| | Akt1 | RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase; Serine/threonine kinase involved in various developmental processes. During early embryogenesis, acts as a survival protein. During mid-embryogenesis, phosphorylates and activates trh, a transcription factor required for tracheal cell fate determination. Also regulates tracheal cell migration. Later in development, acts downstream of PI3K and Pk61C/PDK1 in the insulin receptor transduction pathway which regulates cell growth and organ size, by phosphorylating and antagonizing FOXO transcription factor. Controls follicle cell size during oogenesis. M [...] (611 aa) |
| | wrd | Well-rounded, isoform B; Well-rounded (wrd) encodes one of the two regulatory B' subunits of the protein phosphatase PP2A. It influences metabolism and growth via negative regulation of the InR/TOR signalling network. (984 aa) |
| | Prosalpha4T1 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-7-1A; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. (249 aa) |
| | AP-2sigma | Adaptor Protein complex 2, sigma subunit (AP-2sigma) encodes a component of the AP-2 adaptor complex, which recruits certain transmembrane proteins into clathrin-coated pits for endocytic internalization. (142 aa) |
| | AP-2mu | Adaptor Protein complex 2, mu subunit (AP-2mu) encodes a component of the AP-2 adaptor complex, which recruits certain transmembrane proteins into clathrin-coated pits for endocytic internalization. (437 aa) |
| | Rpn7 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6; Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. (389 aa) |
| | Rpt5 | Regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 5 (Rpt5) encodes a component of the 26S proteasome, which degrades polyubiquitinated proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus. (428 aa) |
| | Rpn9 | 26S proteasome regulatory complex subunit p39A; Structural molecule activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; proteasome assembly; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (382 aa) |
| | ash2 | Set1/Ash2 histone methyltransferase complex subunit ASH2; Transcriptional regulator. Regulates a number of genes involved in wing development including activation of net and bs and repression of rho and kni and controls vein-intervein patterning during wing development. Required for correct expression of a number of homeotic genes including Scr in the first leg imaginal disk and Ubx in the third leg imaginal disk and haltere disks. Required for stabilization of the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase trr and for trimethylation of 'Lys-4' of histone H3. Plays a role in maintenance of tra [...] (556 aa) |
| | Apc | APC-like, isoform A; APC-like (Apc) encodes one of two Drosophila APC family proteins. It is a key negative regulator of Wingless signaling, as a critical component of the destruction complex that phosphorylates beta-catenin and thus targets it for ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction. It is the primary family member during CNS and eye development, and functions redundantly with the product of Apc2 in adult development. (2417 aa) |
| | Axn | Axin (Axn) encodes the key scaffolding protein for the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. In the absence of signal, it targets the product of arm for proteolysis inhibiting Wnt signalling. In the presence of signal, it forms a part of the membrane activation complex, disrupting the product of arm degradation. This pathway play roles in cell proliferation (imaginal disc), differentiation (embryonic patterning), death and stemness. (745 aa) |
| | Sox100B | Sox100B (Sox100B) encodes a group E Sox domain transcription factor. It has a role in the development of somatic components of the testis during metamorphosis, where it regulates pigment cell specification. Sox100B shows sexually dimorphic expression in the embryonic gonad. (529 aa) |
| | gskt | Putative glycogen synthase kinase-3 homolog; Gasket (gskt) is a retro-transposed glycogen synthase kinase 3 gene, derived from sgg, that is required for male fertility. Like many genes retroposed from the X chromosome, it is highly expressed in the testis. (501 aa) |
| | pygo | Pygopus (pygo) encodes a key nuclear component of the Wnt signaling pathway. It facilitates the recruitment of the product of arm to Wnt-responsive genes by interacting with the transcription cofactor encoded by Chi. It also binds the product of lgs and the methylated tail of the product of His3. Together, they associate with the product of arm in a process that may function as a transition from gene silence to Wnt-induced transcription. (815 aa) |
| | krz | Kurtz, isoform A; Kurtz (krz) encodes a beta-arrestin (non-visual arrestin) involved in the desensitization and endocytic internalization of G protein coupled receptors, thus downregulating their activity. It also controls other signaling pathways, including Notch, receptor tyrosine kinase, Hedgehog, and Toll. It is required maternally for normal embryonic patterning and zygotically for larval viability. (470 aa) |
| | Prosalpha5 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-5; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity; Belongs to the peptidase T1A family. (244 aa) |
| | Rho1 | Ras-like GTP-binding protein Rho1; Has a role in regulating actin cytoskeletal organization: required during early development for proper execution of morphogenetic movements of individual cells and groups of cells important for the formation of the embryonic body plan. Plays a role in regulating dorsal closure during embryogenesis. During axis elongation, required for Rho-kinase Rok planar polarity and adherens junction localization as well as for generating a planar polarized distribution of the actin-binding protein Shrm. During embryogenesis, acts upstream of wash to regulate the d [...] (192 aa) |
| | Prosbeta1 | Proteasome subunit beta; Endopeptidase activity; threonine-type endopeptidase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process; proteasomal protein catabolic process. (224 aa) |
| | Diap2 | Death-associated inhibitor of apoptosis 2; Required for activation of NF-kappaB transcription factors in the immune deficiency (Imd) signaling cascade which is essential for innate immune responses upon infection by Gram-negative bacteria. Promotes cytoplasmic cleavage of Rel and its translocation to the nucleus where it drives expression of antimicrobial peptides. Binds, polyubiquitinates and activates Dredd which is required for Rel- mediated induction of antimicrobial peptides. Anti- apoptotic protein which binds, ubiquitinates and inactivates the effector caspase Drice. Suppresses [...] (498 aa) |
| | Rpn6 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11; Component of the lid subcomplex of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. In the complex, RPN6 is required for proteasome assembly (By similarity). May act as linker between 19S regulatory subunit and the 20S proteasome core. (439 aa) |
| | Sox15 | Sox box protein 15 (Sox15) encodes a transcription factor that regulates cell proliferation and cell death in the wing disc. (784 aa) |
| | arr | Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; Arrow (arr) encodes a type I trans-membrane protein and functions as an obligate co-receptor with the product of fz for the ligand encoded by wg in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The product of arr is involved in developmental patterning, cell survival and growth regulation; Belongs to the LDLR family. (1678 aa) |
| | PI31 | Proteasome inhibitor PI31 subunit; Plays an important role in the control of proteasome function. Inhibits the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates by the 20S proteasome. Enhances 26S proteasome function by promoting its assembly through the interaction with the assembly chaperones PSMD9 and PMSD5. Functions together with ntc to control non-apoptotic caspase activation during sperm individualization. In testis, is required for proper protein degradation and germline cell cycle progression. (270 aa) |
| | Prosbeta5 | Proteasome beta5 subunit (Prosbeta5) encodes an endopeptidase subunit of the of the 26S proteasome; Belongs to the peptidase T1B family. (282 aa) |
| | 14-3-3zeta | 14-3-3 protein zeta; Required in Raf-dependent cell proliferation and photoreceptor differentiation during eye development. Acts upstream of Raf and downstream of Ras, and is essential for viability. Acts as a negative regulator of the slo calcium channel via its interaction with slo-binding protein slob. Inhibits yki activity by restricting its nuclear localization. Binds to and promotes the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase Pi3K68D which converts phosphatidylinositol to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate and promotes maturation of early endosomes. (248 aa) |
| | Wnt2 | Protein Wnt-2; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Segment polarity protein. May function in gonadogenesis and limb development. Wg and Wnt2 have a role in the developing trachea and together are responsible for all dorsal trunk formation. (352 aa) |
| | Cul1 | Cullin homolog 1; Core component of multiple SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. In the SCF complex, serves as a rigid scaffold that organizes the SKP1-F-box protein and RBX1 subunits. May contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin- conjugating enzyme. During early metamorphosis, part of the SCF-slmb complex that negatively regulates the InR/PI3K/TOR pathway to activate the pruning of unnecessary larv [...] (774 aa) |
| | azot | GEO08584p1; Ahuizotl (azot) encodes a calcium dependent protein that ensures the elimination of less fit cells. Fitness-based cell culling is used to maintain tissue health, delay aging, and extend lifespan. During development it also prevents malformations; Belongs to the calmodulin family. (148 aa) |
| | CG30382 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-6; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity (By similarity); Belongs to the peptidase T1A family. (244 aa) |
| | Rpt1 | 26S proteasome regulatory complex subunit p48B; Regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 1 (Rpt1) encodes an AAA-type ATPase protein that forms part of the heterohexameric ATPase ring of the regulatory complex of the 26S proteasome. (433 aa) |
| | pk | Protein prickle; Acts in a planar cell polarity (PCP) complex; polarization along the apical/basal axis of epithelial cells. Correct expression of the alternative isoforms is required for PCP signaling in imaginal disks. PCP signaling in the wing disk requires the receptor fz and the cytoplasmic proteins dsh and pk. These act in a feedback loop leading to activation of the jnk cascade and subsequent polarized arrangement of hairs and bristles. Dgo and pk compete with one another for dsh binding, thereby modulating fz dsh activity and ensuring tight control over fz PCP signaling. Vang, [...] (1299 aa) |
| | lgs | Protein BCL9 homolog; Legless (lgs) encodes a conserved transcriptional cofactor of the product of arm that is essential for the transcription of Wingless target genes. It contributes to growth regulation, cell survival and developmental patterning. (1469 aa) |
| | Wnt4 | Protein Wnt-4; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Acts downstream of homeotic complex genes in the visceral mesoderm and is required for embryonic segmentation. Also required for cell movement and FAK regulation during ovarian morphogenesis. (539 aa) |
| | AP-2alpha | AP-2 complex subunit alpha; Adaptins are components of the adapter complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration. AP- 2alpha is a subunit of the plasma membrane adapter. (952 aa) |
| | arm | Armadillo segment polarity protein; Isoform neural may associate with CadN and participate in the transmission of developmental information. Can associate with alpha- catenin. Isoform cytoplasmic accumulates through wg signaling; arm function in wg signal transduction is required early in development for determination of neuroblast fate. Arm and Abl proteins function cooperatively at adherens junctions in both the CNS and epidermis. Belongs to the beta-catenin family. (843 aa) |
| | Prosalpha7 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-3; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity (By similarity); Belongs to the peptidase T1A family. (253 aa) |
| | gro | Groucho (gro) encodes a global developmental co-repressor in conjunction with manifold DNA-binding repressor partner proteins, which tether it to target promoters. It functions downstream of key signaling pathways such as Wg/Wnt and Dpp/TGF-beta. Notably, phosphorylation of the product of gro in response to MAPK activation weakens its repressor capacity. (730 aa) |
| | CkIIbeta | Casein kinase II beta subunit (CkIIbeta) encodes the regulatory subunit of the CKII holoenzyme, a protein serine/threonine kinase composed of a and b subunits. Interactions have been reported with other kinases (e.g., the products of PIP4K and S6kII), the RNA-binding protein encoded by orb , the Hedgehog signaling pathway and clock proteins such as the products of tim and per. The product of CkIIbeta functions in oogenesis, neurogenesis, development (brain and other tissues) as well as circadian behavior. (235 aa) |
| | Gbeta13F | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-1; G protein beta-subunit 13F (Gbeta13F) encodes an ubiquitous, maternal product required for gastrulation movements of early embryo and regulating medial (mesoderm and ectoderm) and junctional Myosin II (ectoderm) via RhoI pathway. The product of Gbeta13F is detected apically and at adherens junctions. (340 aa) |
| | Galphao | G protein alpha o subunit (Galphao) encodes the most abundant G protein in the nervous tissue and is involved in signaling by a variety of GPCRs. It contributes to heart development, axonogenesis, neuro-muscular junction formation, asymmetric cell division, planar cell polarity, blood-brain barrier establishment, Wnt signaling, and gustatory and olfactory sensory perception; Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily. (354 aa) |
| | Chc | Clathrin heavy chain (Chc) encodes a protein that forms part of the clathrin complex, which is the major component of coated vesicles. (1678 aa) |
| | SkpA | SKP1-related A (SkpA) encodes a subunit of Skp, Cullin, F-box (SCF)-containing ubiquitin ligase complexes. It regulates centrosome duplication, chromatin condensation, cell cycle progression, cell polarity, dendrite pruning and endoreduplication. (162 aa) |
| | Sox102F | Sox102F, isoform B; Sox102F (Sox102F) encodes a transcription factor in the Sox gene family that regulates the Wnt signaling pathway. Its roles include heart development and cardiac function, and wing vein development and patterning. (618 aa) |
| | Mnn1 | Menin 1 (Mnn1) encodes a protein that regulates the response of several stresses including hypoxia, hyperosmolarity, heat shock, and oxidative stress. It is important during the mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint in a process mediated by the product of CHES-1-like. (763 aa) |
| | pan | Protein pangolin, isoform J; Pangolin (pan) encodes an HMG-domain transcription factor that is a key component of the canonical Wingless signaling pathway. It toggles between acting as a transcriptional repressor (when bound to the product of gro) and activator (when bound to the product of arm) to promote cell fate specification. (1192 aa) |
| | NFAT | NFAT nuclear factor, isoform B; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; chromatin binding; transcription factor binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; negative regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis; response to salt stress. (1457 aa) |
| | kis | Kismet, isoform C; Kismet (kis) encodes a chromodomain containing ATP-dependent transcription factor that controls gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. The roles of the product of kis include developmental patterning of the embryo, cell proliferation, eye development, synaptic transmission, axonal pruning, and memory. (5517 aa) |
| | CaMKII | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) encodes an abundant Ca[2+]-calmodulin-regulated serine/threonine protein kinase. In neurons it has a wide range of substrates in multiple subcellular compartments, regulating synaptic plasticity, excitability and cytoskeletal interactions. (531 aa) |
| | hyx | Hyrax, isoform A; Hyrax (hyx) encodes a protein recruited by signaling pathway specific transcriptional regulators such as the products of arm and ci and is important for the output of Wingless and Hedgehog pathways. (538 aa) |
| | Clc | Clathrin light chain; Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles. (219 aa) |
| | Cul3 | Cullin 3, isoform F; Ubiquitin protein ligase binding; molecular adaptor activity; ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; protein binding; Belongs to the cullin family. (934 aa) |
| | Rpn3 | Probable 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3; Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26 proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. (494 aa) |
| | nej | Nejire, isoform C; Nejire (nej) encodes the transcriptional co-activator CBP. It acetylates several nuclear proteins, including the histone encoded by His3 on K18, K27, and H4 on K8. By regulating gene expression, the product of nej has roles in cell proliferation, cell signaling and differentiation, and in developmental patterning. (3282 aa) |
| | Wnt10 | Wnt oncogene analog 10 (Wnt10) encodes a member of the Wnt protein family with unknown function; Belongs to the Wnt family. (483 aa) |
| | Wnt6 | Wnt oncogene analog 6 (Wnt6) encodes a member of the Wnt family that can activate canonical Wnt signaling. It is expressed in the dorsal/ventral boundary of the wing and the maxillary palp. It contributes to maxillary palp formation. (420 aa) |
| | DAAM | Dishevelled Associated Activator of Morphogenesis (DAAM) encodes a formin type of actin assembly factor regulated by Rho GTPases. It plays a role in tracheal tube length regulation, tracheal cuticle pattern formation, growth cone filopodia formation, sarcomerogenesis and axonal growth regulation in embryonic and mushroom body neurons. (1463 aa) |
| | Nipped-A | Transcription-associated protein 1; Part of the Tip60 chromatin-remodeling complex which is involved in DNA repair. Upon induction of DNA double- strand breaks, this complex acetylates phosphorylated H2AV in nucleosomes and exchanges it with unmodified H2AV. During wing development, required for activity of Notch and its coactivator mam. Function in promoting mam function is likely to involve both the Tip60 and SAGA complexes. (3790 aa) |
| | CG42797 | FI18049p1; Ubiquitin protein ligase activity. (1426 aa) |
| | CanA-14F | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit 3; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin. (584 aa) |
| | Rpt4 | Regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 4 (Rpt4) encodes the 19S proteasomal ATPase, which is a component of the 26S proteosome complex. It localizes to the nucleolus and participates in regulating rRNA transcription. It physically interacts with the tumor suppressor encoded by BHD. (397 aa) |
| | Roc1a | RING-box protein 1A; Core component of multiple SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. Through the RING-type zinc finger, seems to recruit the E2 ubiquitination enzyme to the complex and brings it into close proximity to the substrate. Required for the specific SCF-dependent proteolysis of CI, but not that of ARM, suggesting that it also participates in the selection of substrates inside the SCF complex. During early metamorphosis, part of [...] (136 aa) |
| | Pp2B-14D | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit 2; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2B subfamily. (570 aa) |
| | CanB2 | Calcineurin subunit B type 2; Calcineurin is a calcium-binding and calmodulin-binding protein found in all cells from yeast to mammals, and a calcium- dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. (170 aa) |
| | REG | Proteasome regulator dREG; REG (REG) encodes an endopeptidase regulator involved in the regulation of the mitotic G1/S transition and proteasomal protein catabolism. (245 aa) |
| | fz | Frizzled; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to inv [...] (612 aa) |
| | Sox21b | Sox21b, isoform C; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific. It is involved in the biological process described with: cell differentiation; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; anatomical structure morphogenesis. (587 aa) |
| | Sox21a | Sox21a, isoform B; Sox21a (Sox21a) encodes a Sox family transcription factor involved in the differentiation of stem cells in the midgut. (407 aa) |
| | fz2 | Frizzled-2; Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to i [...] (806 aa) |
| | SoxN | SoxNeuro, isoform B; SoxNeuro (SoxN) encodes an HMG-domain transcription factor. In early embryos it specifies neural progenitors in the central nervous system, while in later embryos it negatively regulates Wg signaling and controls expression of genes required for denticle construction with the product of ovo. (761 aa) |
| | Rpn8 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7; Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. (358 aa) |
| | puf | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase puf; Ubiquitin hydrolase that can remove conjugated ubiquitin from target proteins and polyubiquitin chains. Essential for Myc-mediated cell growth and proliferation in developing eyes and wings. In the wing and eye, the deubiquitinating activity acts as an antagonist to the SCF E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase member archipelago (ago) to regulate Myc and CycE stability and thus control cell growth and proliferation. Also appears to regulate ago by modulating its induction by Myc. May also promote cell apoptosis in the wing imaginal disk, acting in an a [...] (3930 aa) |
| | Rpn2 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1; Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. (1029 aa) |
| | Tnks | Tankyrase (Tnks) encodes an ADP-ribose polymerase that regulates Wnt signalling by contributing to the degradation of Axn. (1520 aa) |
| | sgg | Protein kinase shaggy; Required for several developmental events such as syncytial blastoderm formation and embryonic segmentation. Is involved in transcriptional regulation. Required for arm phosphorylation. Wg signaling operates by inactivating the sgg repression of en autoactivation. Negatively controls the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) growth in presynaptic motoneurons. Plays a role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and actin cytoskeleton during embryogenesis. Required for phosphorylation of sra in activated eggs. Essential for completion of meiosis, possibly by triggering c [...] (1168 aa) |
| | Rnf146 | MIP02988p; Zinc ion binding; ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; poly-ADP-D-ribose binding; ubiquitin protein ligase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway; protein destabilization; positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (448 aa) |
| | Rac1 | Ras-related protein Rac1; During various developmental processes, regulates changes in cell morphology in response to extracellular signals. During oogenesis, mediates signaling from the tyrosine kinase (RTK) chemoattractant receptors (Egfr and Pvr) to the guidance pathway that control the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Once activating by Pvr and Egfr, promotes the formation of forward-directed actin protrusions which stabilize the DE- cadherin (shg)-mediated adhesions. In turn, DE-mediated adhesion bet [...] (192 aa) |
| | Rac2 | Ras-related protein Rac2; Involved in integrin alpha-PS3/beta-nu-mediated phagocytosis of Gram-positive S.aureus by hemocytes. (192 aa) |
| | Smurf | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Smurf1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Down-regulates Dpp signaling after gastrulation by promoting MAD ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. (1061 aa) |
| | Diap1 | Death-associated inhibitor of apoptosis 1; Anti-apoptotic protein which functions as a caspase regulator, using its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity to smother caspase activity. Binds, ubiquitinates and inactivates initiator caspase Dronc, and effector caspases Drice and Dcp-1. Acts as a Nedd8- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase for Drice. Suppresses apoptosis by targeting the apoptosome for ubiquitination and inactivation. Plays an important role in cell motility. Overexpression suppresses rpr and hid- dependent cell death in the eye. Interaction of Diap1 with Dronc is required to suppre [...] (438 aa) |
| | CtBP | C-terminal-binding protein; Corepressor targeting diverse transcription regulators. Hairy-interacting protein required for embryonic segmentation and hairy-mediated transcriptional repression; Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. (481 aa) |
| | CanA1 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit 1; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2B subfamily. (622 aa) |
| | dco | Discs overgrown protein kinase; Involved in circadian rhythms, viability and molecular oscillations of the clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim). Dbt reduces the stability and thus the accumulation of monomeric per proteins, probably through phosphorylation. No evident circadian oscillation is detected in head. Together with CkIalpha, regulates processing of ci by phosphorylating it which promotes its binding to slmb, the F-box recognition component of the SCF(slmb) E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase. (440 aa) |
| | RpL40 | Ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40; [Ubiquitin]: exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-48-linked is invol [...] (128 aa) |
| | Prosbeta4 | Proteasome beta4 subunit (Prosbeta4) encodes a protein involved in proteasomal degradation; Belongs to the peptidase T1B family. (201 aa) |
| | dnt | Tyrosine-protein kinase Dnt; Doughnut on 2 (dnt) encodes a Ryk family Wnt receptor-tyrosine kinase-related protein. It can form homo- and heterodimers with the other two Ryks (encoded by Drl-2 and drl) via binding the ligand encoded by Wnt5. dnt and drl products act during embryonic muscle attachment site selection. (584 aa) |
| | Pp2A-29B | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit; Protein phosphatase 2A at 29B (Pp2A-29B) encodes the structural A subunit of the trimeric PP2A phosphatase enzyme. It links the catalytic C subunit encoded by mts and a variable regulatory B family subunit, which directs the enzyme to distinct substrates. The roles of Pp2A-29B product include centriole duplication, chromosome segregation, autophagy, axonal transport, growth regulation, and active zone stabilization. (650 aa) |
| | Prosbeta5R2 | Proteasome subunit beta; Threonine-type endopeptidase activity; endopeptidase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process; proteasomal protein catabolic process; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. (279 aa) |
| | CG12096 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 5; Acts as a chaperone during the assembly of the 26S proteasome. (506 aa) |
| | opm | Opossum, isoform A; Opossum (opm) encodes a p24 protein that contributes to the secretion of Wnt ligands; Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family. (242 aa) |
| | Wnt5 | Protein Wnt-5; Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Probable developmental protein. May be a signaling molecule which affects the development of discrete regions of tissues. Is likely to signal over only few cell diameters. May have a role in limb and CNS development; may be a downstream target of Dll that acts in the specification of these primordia; Belongs to the Wnt family. (1004 aa) |
| | Sox14 | Sox box protein 14 (Sox14) encodes a transcription factor involved in neurogenesis and metamorphosis. (669 aa) |
| | CG32568 | Uncharacterized protein, isoform B; Protein phosphatase activator activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: regulation of protein autophosphorylation; signal transduction; protein dephosphorylation. (325 aa) |
| | mts | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A; Microtubule star (mts) encodes the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. It is involved in various developmental processes and signaling pathways, such as Hh signaling and Wingless signaling; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2A subfamily. (309 aa) |
| | Prosalpha4T2 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-7-1B; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. (252 aa) |
| | Prosalpha6 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-1; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity; Belongs to the peptidase T1A family. (279 aa) |
| | Pde11 | Dual 3',5'-cyclic-AMP and -GMP phosphodiesterase 11; Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of both cAMP and cGMP to 5'-AMP and 5'-GMP, respectively. (1451 aa) |
| | CkIIalpha | Casein kinase II subunit alpha; Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. The alpha chain contains the catalytic site. May participate in Wnt signaling; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CK2 subfamily. (336 aa) |
| | Ubi-p5E | Ubiquitin-5E, isoform A; Protein tag; ubiquitin protein ligase binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; protein ubiquitination; modification-dependent protein catabolic process; cellular protein modification process. (534 aa) |
| | Rpt2 | 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 4; Regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 2 (Rpt2) encodes one of six ATPases that form the base of the regulatory 19S cap of the proteasome. The Rpt2 product is involved in the recognition of specific substrates destined for degradation, such as those involved in Notch signalling pathway. (439 aa) |
| | Rpt3 | Regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 3, isoform A; Proteasome-activating ATPase activity; ATPase activity; ATP binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; protein catabolic process; Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. (413 aa) |
| | Ggamma30A | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma-e; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. This subunit functions in visual transduction in the compound eye. (238 aa) |
| | Cby | Chibby, isoform E; Chibby (Cby) encodes a protein involved in ciliogenesis and basal body transition zone formation. (132 aa) |
| | Apc2 | Adenomatous polyposis coli 2 (Apc2) encodes one of two Drosophila APC family proteins. It is a key negative regulator of Wingless signaling, as a critical component of the destruction complex that phosphorylates beta-catenin and thus targets it for ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction. It is the primary APC family member during embryonic development, and functions redundantly with the product of Apc in adult development. (1067 aa) |
| | nmo | Mitogen-activated protein kinase; Nemo (nmo) encodes an atypical proline-directed serine/threonine kinase with roles in numerous developmental processes, including ommatidial rotation/planar cell polarity, retinal specification and neuronal function, and circadian clock speed. It regulates the activity of several signal transduction pathways, including BMP, Wnt, and Notch, and is implicated in fly models of neurodegenerative diseases; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. (439 aa) |
