Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Homeotic protein antennapedia; Antennapedia (Antp) is the distal-most member of the Antennapedia complex; one of two Hox gene complexes. Antp encodes a sequence-specific homeodomain transcription factor, which is part of a developmental regulatory system that specifies segmental identity in the pro- and mesothorax. In adults Antp loss of function is associated with a transformation of leg into antenna while ectopic expression in the head is associated with antenna to leg and eye to wing transformations.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

GH14774p; CTCF (CTCF) encodes a ubiquitous transcription factor that binds to insulators and domain boundaries. It mediates insulator function and blocks enhancers by binding to the product of Cp190. It contributes to long-range chromatin interaction, organizes chromatin domain boundaries and coordinates nuclear architecture.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Centrosome-associated zinc finger protein CP190; Component of the gypsy chromatin insulator complex which is required for the function of the gypsy chromatin insulator and other endogenous chromatin insulators. Chromatin insulators are regulatory elements which establish independent domains of transcriptional activity within eukaryotic genomes. Insulators have two defining properties; they can block the communication between an enhancer and a promoter when placed between them and can also buffer transgenes from position effect variegation (PEV). Insulators are proposed to structure the [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Homeotic protein distal-less; Transcription factor that plays a role in larval and adult appendage development. Specifies the identity of ventral appendages (including legs and antennae) and suppresses dorsal appendage development. Involved in patterning the distal-proximal limb axis. May control the adhesive properties of cells during limb morphogenesis. Also has a secondary role in the normal patterning of the wing margin.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase E(z); Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Histone H3; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Polycomb group protein Pc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Promotes locus-specif [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Polycomb group protein Psc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Needed to maintain e [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-118' of histone H2A, thereby playing a central role in histone code and gene regulation. H2A 'Lys-118' ubiquitination gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. PcG [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Polycomb protein Scm; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility; Belongs to the SCM family.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Homeotic protein Sex combs reduced; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Controls the segmental transformation of the first to the second thoracic segment (prothorax to mesothorax) and of the labial palps into maxillary palps. In embryo, required for fusion of labial lobes and development of the T1 denticle belt. In adult, expression in the head is necessary for proper development of the labium. In the first thoracic segment of the adult, required [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Sp1, isoform F; Sp1 (Sp1) encodes a member of the Sp-family of Cys2His2-type zinc finger transcription factors. It is involved in ventral thoracic appendage specification, leg growth and in the development of type-II neuroblasts.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Transcription factor GAGA; Transcriptional activator that functions by regulating chromatin structure. Overcomes the repressive effects of chromatin by promoting the open chromatin conformation in promoter gene regions, thereby allowing access to other transcription factors. Binds to DNA Polycomb response elements (PREs) at the bithorax complex and to the proximal region of the engrailed promoter, and positively regulates transcription of many genes including homeotic ones. Binds to the DNA sequence (GA)n, with optimal binding to the pentamer 5'-GAGAG-3'. Binds DNA as an oligomer. May [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Homeotic protein ultrabithorax; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds the consensus region 5'-TTAAT[GT][GA]-3'. This homeotic protein controls development of the cells in the posterior thoracic and first abdominal segments. It activates the synthesis of the decapentaplegic (DPP) growth factor; Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Homeobox protein abdominal-A; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Required for segmental identity of the second through eighth abdominal segments. Once a pattern of abd-A expression is turned on in a given parasegment, it remains on the more posterior parasegment, so that the complex pattern of expression is built up in the successive parasegments. Appears to repress expression of Ubx whenever they appear in the same cell, but abd-A is repressed [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Transcription factor btd; Buttonhead (btd) encodes a triple C(2)H(2) zinc finger protein structurally and functionally related to the human transcription factors Sp5, Sp8, and Sp9. The product of btd contributes to embryonic head segmentation, leg development, embryonic hematopoiesis, PNS formation, and maintenance of the functional heterogeneity of brain neural stem cells.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Centrosomal and chromosomal factor; Corto (corto) encodes an Enhancer of Trithorax and Polycomb (ETP) protein that physically interacts with several Polycomb proteins (encoded by Pc, ph-d, ph-p, esc, E(z)) and ETP (encoded by Trl, Dsp1). It also interacts with the product of CycG, with the methylated product of RpL12 (RPL12K3me3), and co-regulates the transcription of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis.

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Homeobox protein homothorax; All isoforms are required for patterning of the embryonic cuticle. Acts with exd to delimit the eye field and prevent inappropriate eye development. Isoforms that carry the homeodomain are required for proper localization of chordotonal organs within the peripheral nervous system and antennal identity; required to activate antennal-specific genes, such as sal and to repress the leg-like expression of dac. Necessary for the nuclear localization of the essential HOX cofactor, extradenticle (exd). Both necessary and sufficient for inner photoreceptors to adopt [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Modifier of mdg4; Component of the gypsy chromatin insulator complex which is required for the function of the gypsy chromatin insulator and other endogenous chromatin insulators. Chromatin insulators are regulatory elements which establish independent domains of transcriptional activity within eukaryotic genomes. Insulators have two defining properties; they can block the communication between an enhancer and a promoter when placed between them and can also buffer transgenes from position effect variegation (PEV). Insulators are proposed to structure the chromatin fiber into independe [...]

Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response.

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase trithorax; Histone methyltransferase that trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me3). H3 'Lys-9' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Functions in segment determination through interaction with genes of bithorax (BX-C) and antennapedia (ANT-C) complexes. Acts as an activator of BX-C. Involved in the very early regulation of homeotic genes expressed only in the posterior region of the embryo.