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| | ph-p | Polyhomeotic-proximal chromatin protein; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Plays a [...] (1589 aa) |
| | N | Processed neurogenic locus Notch protein; Essential signaling protein which has a major role in many developmental processes. Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Delta and Serrate to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation, and releasing from the cell membrane, the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) forms a transcriptional activator complex with Su(H) (Suppressor of hairless) and activates genes of the E(spl) complex. Regulates oogenesis, the differentiation of the ectoderm and the development of the central and peripheral nervous system, eye, wing disk, [...] (2703 aa) |
| | Tip60 | Histone acetyltransferase Tip60; Tat interactive protein 60kDa (Tip60) encodes a lysine acetyltransferase that acetylates histone proteins to regulate chromatin packaging and epigenetic gene control. It also acetylates non-histone proteins, and plays a role in apoptosis, DNA repair and various neural processes. (541 aa) |
| | sov | Small ovary, isoform A; Nucleic acid binding. (3313 aa) |
| | brk | Putative transcription factor; Brinker (brk) encodes a transcriptional repressor that plays important roles in the development of many tissues, including most imaginal discs, where its expression is negatively regulated by Dpp signaling. (704 aa) |
| | cpa | Capping protein alpha (cpa) encodes an actin-binding protein that, along with the product of cpb, binds to the fast growing ends of actin filaments to restrict the addition or loss of actin monomers. It limits the nuclear translocation of the Hippo pathway mediator encoded by yki and restricts JNK signaling. It maintains epithelial integrity and controls the balance between proliferation and apoptosis in the wing imaginal disc. It plays important roles during oogenesis, as well as maintaining neuronal homeostasis. (286 aa) |
| | Rbpn-5 | Rabaptin-5 (Rbpn-5) encodes a Rab GTPase binding protein involved in regulation of endosome size. (647 aa) |
| | Vps35 | Vacuolar protein sorting 35 (Vps35) encodes a component of the retromer complex that acts to recycle membrane proteins to the Golgi or plasma membrane from endocytosed vesicles. (822 aa) |
| | Alg3 | Lethal(2)neighbour of tid protein; dol-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein glycosylation. (510 aa) |
| | nerfin-1 | Nervous fingers 1 (nerfin-1) encodes a zinc finger transcription factor that regulates early axon guidance at the embryonic stage and is required for the maintenance of larval neuron differentiation. In the larval medulla cortex, nerfin-1 is expressed in medulla neurons at the early stage and protects them from dedifferentiation via the repression of Notch signaling pathway. (469 aa) |
| | Rabex-5 | Rabaptin-5-associated exchange factor for Rab5; DNA binding; zinc ion binding; Rab guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. (696 aa) |
| | PAN3 | PAN2-PAN3 deadenylation complex subunit PAN3; Regulatory subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in general and miRNA-mediated mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein (PABP). PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenlyation-dependent mRNA deca [...] (790 aa) |
| | dsh | Segment polarity protein dishevelled; Required to establish coherent arrays of polarized cells and segments in embryos. Plays a role in wingless (wg) signaling, possibly through the reception of the wg signal by target cells and subsequent redistribution of arm protein in response to that signal in embryos. This signal seems to be required to establish planar cell polarity and identity. (623 aa) |
| | hop | Tyrosine-protein kinase hopscotch; Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, phosphorylates the marelle protein. Required maternally for the establishment of the normal array of embryonic segments: involved in the control of pair- rule gene transcription in a stripe-specific manner. Together with Hsp83 and piwi, mediates canalization, also known as developmental robustness, likely via epigenetic silencing of existing genetic variants and suppression of transposon-induced new genetic variation. (1177 aa) |
| | upd1 | Unpaired 1 (upd1) encodes a secreted glycoprotein that is able to act at a distance as the primary ligand for the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Although semi-redundant with upd2 and upd3, upd1 depletion results in embryonic lethality with an atypical gap gene-like segmentation phenotype. (413 aa) |
| | fu | Serine/threonine-protein kinase fused; Probable serine/threonine-protein kinase; maternally required for correct patterning in the posterior part of each embryonic metamere. May be involved in control of cell division during metamorphosis and ovarian development. May interact with costal-2. (805 aa) |
| | Rcd-1 | Required for cell differentiation 1, isoform A; It is involved in the biological process described with: negative regulation of translation; mRNA catabolic process. (304 aa) |
| | Tcs3 | Probable tRNA N6-adenosine threonylcarbamoyltransferase; Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. Likely plays a direct catalytic role in this reaction, but requires other protein(s) of the complex to fulfill this activity. (347 aa) |
| | btl | Fibroblast growth factor receptor homolog 2; May be required for patterning of muscle precursor cells: generation of mesodermal and endodermal layers, invaginations of various types of cells, and CNS formation. Essential for the ability of the migrating tracheal and midline cells to recognize external guiding cues. (1052 aa) |
| | tut | Tumorous testis (tut) encodes an RNA-binding protein that forms a complex with the products of bam and bgcn. It is required for the restrained mitotic amplification of germ cells during spermatogenesis. (230 aa) |
| | Rab5 | Rab5, isoform A; Rab5 (Rab5) encodes a monomeric GTPase that controls entry of endocytosed cargo into the early endosome and is required for vesicle re-uptake at the synapse. Altering the activity of the product of Rab5 affects many receptor-mediated signaling pathways as well as epithelial polarity. (219 aa) |
| | ds | Protein dachsous; Required for normal morphogenesis of adult structures derived from imaginal disks. Plays a role in planar cell polarity and in determining body left-right asymmetry. Expression in segment H1 of the imaginal ring and interaction with Myo31DF are required to induce changes of cell shape and orientation in segment H2, which then gives rise to normal, dextral looping of the adult hindgut. (3556 aa) |
| | ex | Protein expanded; Regulator of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. Ex acts synergistically along with Mer and Kibra to regulate the Hippo signa [...] (1427 aa) |
| | smo | Protein smoothened; Segment polarity protein required for correct patterning of every segment. G protein-coupled receptor that associates with the patched protein (ptc) to transduce the hedgehog (hh) signal through the activation of an inhibitory G-protein. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). Essential component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required to activate Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, norpA-dependent Ca2+ mobilization and p38 MAPK, which a [...] (1036 aa) |
| | Syx7 | Syntaxin 7 (Syx7) encodes a SNARE protein that is part of the core machinery (including the products of Rab5, Rbsn-5, and Vps45) by which endocytic cargo vesicles fuse with the early endosome. (282 aa) |
| | Pc | Polycomb group protein Pc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Promotes locus-specif [...] (390 aa) |
| | Wdr33 | WD repeat domain 33, isoform A; It is involved in the biological process described with: mRNA polyadenylation. (807 aa) |
| | Sym | Symplekin (Sym) encodes a large protein that contains many protein interaction sites, and acts as a scaffold for protein complexes in the nucleus. It functions in RNA 3' end formation for both polyadenyated mRNAs and non-polyadenylated histone mRNAs. In some cells it also localizes to the cell cortex, especially the tricellular junctions of some epithelia. (1165 aa) |
| | tkv | Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Thickveins (tkv) encodes a transforming growth factor beta type I receptor. Together with the product of put, it functions as a receptor of the product of dpp and therefore contributes to the BMP signaling pathway; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (575 aa) |
| | ova | RE35195p; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. (623 aa) |
| | piwi | Protein piwi; Acts via the piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons. Directly binds piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements. In ovarian somatic cells, mediates silencing of transposable elements at the transcriptional level in a mael-dependent manner. [...] (843 aa) |
| | Su(H) | Suppressor of hairless protein; Transcriptional regulator that plays a central role in Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communication that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Binds directly the 5'-GTGRGAR-3' DNA consensus sequence, which is present in the regulatory region of several genes. Acts as a transcriptional repressor when it is not associated with Notch proteins. When associated with some Notch protein, it acts as a transcriptional activator that activates transcription of Notch target genes. Required for transcription of Sim. Spec [...] (594 aa) |
| | spi | Protein spitz; Ligand for the EGF receptor (Gurken). Involved in a number of unrelated developmental choices, for example, dorsal-ventral axis formation, glial migration, sensory organ determination, and muscle development. It is required for photoreceptor determination. (234 aa) |
| | Sas-4 | Spindle assembly abnormal 4 (Sas-4) encodes a centriole protein that is essential for centriole assembly. It is recruited to centrioles through an interaction with the centriole protein encoded by ana2, and it helps recruit microtubules to the centriole. (901 aa) |
| | Scm | Polycomb protein Scm; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility; Belongs to the SCM family. (877 aa) |
| | Ras85D | Ras-like protein 1; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in eye development by regulating cell growth, survival of postmitotic ommatidial cells and differentiation of photoreceptor cells. During larval development, mediates Ptth/tor signaling leading to the production of ecdysone, a hormone required for the initiation of metamorphosis. (189 aa) |
| | aurA | Aurora A (aurA) encodes a protein kinase required for proper neuroblast self-renewal by regulating assymmetric protein localization. It contributes to spindle orientation, centrosome separation and pole cell formation. (411 aa) |
| | Srlp | LP03547p; Catalytic activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: cellular response to hypoxia. (378 aa) |
| | Dl | Neurogenic locus protein delta; Acts as a ligand for Notch (N) receptor. Essential for proper differentiation of ectoderm. Dl is required for the correct separation of neural and epidermal cell lineages. Fringe (fng) acts in the Golgi to determine the type of O-linked fucose on the EGF modules in N, altering the ability of N to bind with Delta (Dl). O-fut1 also has a role in modulating the interaction. (833 aa) |
| | InR | Insulin-like receptor subunit beta 1; Has a ligand-stimulated tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Required for cell survival. Regulates body size and organ size by altering cell number and cell size in a cell-autonomous manner. Involved in the development of the embryonic nervous system, and is necessary for axon guidance and targeting in the visual system. Also plays a role in life-span determination. (2144 aa) |
| | p53 | P53 protein long form variant 1; P53 (p53) encodes a transcriptional factor required for adaptive responses to genotoxic stress, including cell death, compensatory proliferation and DNA repair. (495 aa) |
| | twin | Twin, isoform C; Twin (twin) encodes the CCR4 deadenylase, one of two enzymes in the CCR4-NOT complex that degrade mRNA poly(A) tails. It is required during oogenesis in germline stem cell self-renewal, synchronous germ cell division and prevention of cell death, as well as in early embryonic patterning through the deadenylation of specific maternal mRNAs. (567 aa) |
| | bam | Bag of marbles (bam) encodes a protein involved in gametogenesis that is associated with the fusome, a germ cell-specific organelle. It contributes to the fate determination of germline stem cells, in which bam is negatively regulated by the BMP signaling pathway. (442 aa) |
| | l(3)mbt | Lethal (3) malignant brain tumor (l(3)mbt) encodes a tumor suppressor protein regulating proliferation in the brain, particularly the optic lobes. The proposed functions of the product of l(3)mbt include histone compaction, establishment of chromatin insulators, regulation of the Hippo pathway and repression of the germ line program in somatic cells. (1477 aa) |
| | Sce | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-118' of histone H2A, thereby playing a central role in histone code and gene regulation. H2A 'Lys-118' ubiquitination gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. PcG [...] (435 aa) |
| | Cul5 | FI20194p1; Cullin 5 (Cul5) is expressed in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells (such as in fusion sites of embryonic trachea). Reduction of the product of Cul5 in neuronal cells results in an increase in number of synaptic boutons in the larval neuromuscular junction; Belongs to the cullin family. (852 aa) |
| | Drice | Caspase subunit p12; Death related ICE-like caspase (Drice) encodes a major effector apoptotic caspase. It is essential for both developmental and damaged induced cell death, as well as several non-apoptotic vital cellular processes. It is activated by the product of Dark and the initiator caspase encoded by Dronc and is inhibited by the inhibitor of apoptosis encoded by Diap1; Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. (339 aa) |
| | Axn | Axin (Axn) encodes the key scaffolding protein for the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. In the absence of signal, it targets the product of arm for proteolysis inhibiting Wnt signalling. In the presence of signal, it forms a part of the membrane activation complex, disrupting the product of arm degradation. This pathway play roles in cell proliferation (imaginal disc), differentiation (embryonic patterning), death and stemness. (745 aa) |
| | wts | Serine/threonine-protein kinase Warts; Negative regulator of Yorkie (Yki) in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. The Hippo/SWH signaling pathway inhibits the activi [...] (1105 aa) |
| | RpL6 | Ribosomal protein L6, isoform B; RNA binding; structural constituent of ribosome. It is involved in the biological process described with: cytoplasmic translation; ribosomal large subunit assembly. (262 aa) |
| | pAbp | Polyadenylate-binding protein; Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA. Since it interacts with the cap-associating translation initiation factor eIF4G, it is likely that it functions by linking Atx2 to the cap-binding complex. Forms a complex with tyf and Atx2 which functions in adult circadian pacemaker neurons to sustain circadian rhythms likely by switching between activator and repressor modes of post-transcriptional regulation via interaction with Lsm12a or me31B, respectively. The activator complex (Atx2-tyf activator complex) activates the TYF-dependent translation of per to maintain 24 [...] (634 aa) |
| | Dcr-2 | Dicer-2, isoform A; Dicer-2 (Dcr-2) encodes a member of the RNase III family of double-stranded RNA-specific endonucleases. It acts in the RNAi pathway by cutting long dsRNA into siRNAs. It helps defend flies against viral infection, particularly RNA viruses. It also processes long, partially double-stranded endogenous transcripts (hairpin RNAs) into endo-siRNAs. (1722 aa) |
| | phyl | Protein phyllopod; Essential adapter component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes; involved in R7 photoreceptor cell differentiation, embryonic nervous system, external sensory organ development and specification of particular muscles. E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes mediate ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Required for specification of R7 photoreceptor cell fate in the eye by participating in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Tramtrack (ttk), a general inhibitor of photoreceptor differentiation. Acts downstream of Notch s [...] (400 aa) |
| | vg | Protein vestigial; Involved in determining which thoracic imaginal disk cells will form wings and halteres, perhaps by interacting with other nuclear regulatory proteins. When in combination with scalloped (sd), it acts as a transcriptional activation complex that regulates gene expression in the wing. Binding to sd switches the DNA target selectivity of sd. Required and sufficient for cell proliferation at the dorsal/ventral (D/V) boundary of the wing imaginal disk. Also required for cell proliferation in the wing imaginal disk, mediated via activation of E2f. By interacting with Dhfr [...] (453 aa) |
| | egr | Protein eiger, membrane form; Cytokine which acts as a ligand for wgn. Also acts as a ligand for grnd. Induces apoptosis by triggering JNK signaling. Required for JNK-dependent non-autonomous apoptosis through release from apoptotic cells and activation of apoptosis in neighboring cells. Required for JNK-independent damage-induced apoptosis in the embryonic central nervous system through regulation of the pro-apoptotic gene hid. Involved in the innate immune response to extracellular pathogens. Plays a role in the melanization immune response through its involvement in the rupture of c [...] (415 aa) |
| | PAN2 | PAN2-PAN3 deadenylation complex catalytic subunit PAN2; Catalytic subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in general and miRNA-mediated mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein (PABP). PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenlyation-dependent [...] (1241 aa) |
| | ana2 | Anastral spindle 2 (ana2) encodes a centriole protein that is essential for centriole assembly, promoting the assembly of the central "cartwheel" structure. It may also have an independent role in promoting asymmetric divisions in larval neuroblasts. (420 aa) |
| | Vps25 | Vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25; Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. The MVB pathway mediates delivery of transmembrane proteins into the lumen of the lysosome for degradation. The ESCRT-II complex is probably involved in the recruitment of the ESCRT-III complex (By similarity). Seems to function as a tumor suppressor by regulating Notch trafficking, hence preventing non-autonomous overproliferation. May be invo [...] (174 aa) |
| | Pabp2 | Polyadenylate-binding protein 2; Involved in the 3'-end formation of mRNA precursors (pre- mRNA) by the addition of a poly(A) tail of 200-250 nt to the upstream cleavage product. Stimulates poly(A) polymerase (PAPOLA) conferring processivity on the poly(A) tail elongation reaction and controls also the poly(A) tail length (By similarity). Increases the affinity of poly(A) polymerase for RNA (By similarity). Binds to poly(A) and to poly(G) with high affinity. May protect the poly(A) tail from degradation (By similarity). Plays a role in the positive regulation of alpha-1,3 fucosylation, [...] (224 aa) |
| | ci | Transcriptional activator cubitus interruptus; Has a dual function as a transcriptional activator and a repressor of the hedgehog (Hh) pathway. The full-length ci form (ciFL), acts as an activator (ciA) while ciR, its C-terminally truncated form, acts as a repressor. Involved in segment polarity. Required for the normal development of the posterior half of each embryonic segment. Engrailed protein directly represses ci expression in posterior compartment cells. Essential component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; requ [...] (1397 aa) |
| | otu | Protein ovarian tumor locus; Essential for female fertility; germ cell division and differentiation. (853 aa) |
| | Chc | Clathrin heavy chain (Chc) encodes a protein that forms part of the clathrin complex, which is the major component of coated vesicles. (1678 aa) |
| | hh | Protein hedgehog C-product; Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Establishes the anterior-posterior axis of the embryonic segments and patterns the larval imaginal disks. Binds to the patched (ptc) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (smo), to activate the transcription of target genes wingless (wg), decapentaplegic (dpp) and ptc. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). Essential component of a signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune r [...] (471 aa) |
| | Cpsf5 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 5; Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The [...] (237 aa) |
| | conu | Rho GTPase-activating protein conundrum; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for Rho1; functions with the ERM protein Moe to regulate Rho1 and control proliferation in the developing epithelium. Recruited by Moe to the cell cortex where it negatively regulates Rho1 activity. Can also promote cell proliferation independently of its GAP activity, perhaps by acting with Arf51F (Arf6) to positively regulate Rac1. (629 aa) |
| | Csk | C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) encodes a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that acts as a tumor suppressor through Src pathway inibition as well as a mediator of the activity of the product of Egfr. (1052 aa) |
| | Pten | Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) encodes a dual lipid and protein phosphatase that primarily counters the effects of the insulin-regulated lipid kinase, encoded by Pi3K92E. It inhibits cell growth, cell proliferation and cellular events controlling cytoskeletal and junctional rearrangements. (514 aa) |
| | dlg1 | Disks large 1 tumor suppressor protein; During embryonic development, some isoforms are essential for proper neuronal differentiation and organization. Required for cell polarity; maintenance of apicobasal polarity. Plays a critical role at septate junctions in cellular growth control during larval development. The presence of a guanylate kinase domain suggests involvement in cellular adhesion as well as signal transduction to control cellular proliferation. (1030 aa) |
| | Pvr | Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase; PDGF- and VEGF-receptor related (Pvr) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the binding of PDGF- and VEGF-related factors (encoded by Pvf1, Pvf2 or Pvf3). It is involved in cell migration regulation and it has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1, Rho family small GTPases and the JNK cascade, in a context-dependent manner. (1577 aa) |
| | PPO1 | Prophenoloxidase 1 (PPO1) encodes a protein produced by crystal cells (a type of hemocyte cell) and is involved in the melanization reaction, notably upon wounding. It is thought to be activated by proteolytic cleavage by the serine protease encoded by Hayan. (690 aa) |
| | pros | Homeobox protein prospero; Homeodomain protein that controls neuronal identity. As a transcriptional factor, regulates the expression of ftz, eve and en in a subset of neuroblast progeny and modulates the transcriptional activity of other homeodomain proteins such as Dfd. Required for proper neuronal differentiation, axonal outgrowth and pathfinding of most or all neurons and their precursors in central and peripheral nervous systems. Regulates asymmetric stem cell self- renewal together with brat. (1835 aa) |
| | crb | Protein crumbs; Plays a central role in cell polarity establishment. Participates in the assembly, positioning and maintenance of adherens junctions via its interaction with the SAC complex. Controls the coalescence of the spots of zonula adherens (ZA) into a adhesive ring around the cells. It may act as a signal. Involved in morphogenesis of the photoreceptor rhabdomere, for positioning and growth of rhabdomere and AJ during the crucial period of photoreceptor extension along the proximodistal axis of the retina. Component of the crb-galla-Xpd (CGX) complex which is essential for prop [...] (2253 aa) |
| | dia | Protein diaphanous; Required for cytokinesis in both mitosis and meiosis. Has a role in actin cytoskeleton organization and is essential for many, if not all, actin-mediated events involving membrane invagination. May serve as a mediator between signaling molecules and actin organizers at specific phases of the cell cycle. Possible component of the contractile ring or may control its function. (1098 aa) |
| | l(2)gd1 | Coiled-coil and C2 domain-containing protein 1-like; Negative regulator of the Notch signaling pathway, acting to restrict the activity of Notch to the dorsoventral (D/V) boundary of the wing imaginal disk. Also causes negative regulation of Notch during vein, eye, and bristle development. Acts by targeting Notch for endosomal degradation or recycling; Belongs to the CC2D1 family. (834 aa) |
| | l(2)gl | Lethal(2) giant larvae protein; Essential for the development of polarized epithelia, for cell polarity associated with asymmetric cell division of neuroblasts during development, and for oocyte polarity formation. Promotes the formation of actin-rich projections at the oocyte cortex and the posterior enrichment of par-1 which is required for oocyte polarization. Regulates the localization of axis-specifying morphogens such as stau and grk. [Isoform p127]: Has an accessory function in control of cell proliferation and differentiation during development. (1161 aa) |
| | scrib | Protein lap4; Scribble (scrib) encodes a scaffolding protein that is part of the conserved machinery regulating apicobasal polarity. It acts with the products of dlg1 and l(2)gl to distinguish the basolateral domain of epithelial cells and neuroblasts, via reciprocally antagonistic interactions with the aPKC/par-6 complex that impacts vesicle trafficking. The product of scrib also organizes synaptic architecture and is implicated in learning and memory. (2585 aa) |
| | aPKC | Atypical protein kinase C; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is required for apico- basal cell polarity in the germ line as well as in epithelial and neural precursor cells, for epithelial planar cell polarity and for cell proliferation. During oocyte development, required for the posterior translocation of oocyte specification factors and for the posterior establishment of the microtubule organizing center within the presumptive oocyte. Phosphorylates l(2)gl which restricts l(2)gl activity to the oocyte posterior and regulates posterior enrichment of par-1, leading to establishmen [...] (958 aa) |
| | slmb | Supernumerary limbs (slmb) encodes an essential, conserved F-box protein and a component of the SCF (Skp/Cullin/F-box) E3 ubiquitin-ligase, providing substrate specificity to the SCF. It negatively regulates multiple signaling pathways and cellular processes by promoting the proteasome-mediated degradation or cleavage of its targets, including the products of arm and ci (Wg and Hh signaling), SAK, per and Cap-H2. (597 aa) |
| | Sox21a | Sox21a, isoform B; Sox21a (Sox21a) encodes a Sox family transcription factor involved in the differentiation of stem cells in the midgut. (407 aa) |
| | hrg | Hiiragi, isoform D; Hiiragi (hrg) encodes the canonical poly(A) polymerase required for the nuclear poly(A) tail synthesis at the mRNA 3'-end. hrg product is also involved in cytoplasmic polyadenylation of specific mRNAs during early to mid-oogenesis, through its interaction with the CPEB (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding) protein encoded by orb. (827 aa) |
| | Su(z)2 | Suppressor of zeste 2 (Su(z)2) encodes a protein that regulates gene expression by modifying epigenetic marks. The gene is related to Psc and was orginally identified due to its ability to suppress transvection at z. (1396 aa) |
| | E(Pc) | Enhancer of Polycomb (E(Pc)) encodes a chromatin protein that functions as a suppressor of position-effect variegation. An unusual member of the Polycomb group; it does not exhibit homeotic transformations on its own, but rather enhances mutations in other Polycomb group genes. It forms part of the TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex, which has been involved in many processes, including both transcriptional activation and repression. (2097 aa) |
| | aop | Ets DNA-binding protein pokkuri; Anterior open (aop) encodes a transcriptional repressor of the ETS family. It acts downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling to regulate cell fate transitions critical to the development of many tissues including the nervous system, heart, trachea and eye. (732 aa) |
| | bi | Optomotor-blind protein; Bifid (bi) encodes a T-box transcription factor that controls cell proliferation, viability and cell migration. It contributes to the development of several tissues such as brain, eyes and wings. In wing development it is activated by the product of dpp and to a lesser extent by Wg signaling. (1023 aa) |
| | Myc | Myc protein; Participates in the regulation of gene transcription. Binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence CAC[GA]TG. Seems to activate the transcription of growth-related genes; required for cellular proliferation and growth. Functions in the TORC2-mediated regulation of cell growth, acting downstream of the TORC2 complex. Inhibits the demethylase activity of Lid. Activates transcription of mbm. Has a role in ribosome biogenesis and endoreplication in fat body cells by activating the transcription of LTV1. Able to induce the SCF E3 ubiqui [...] (717 aa) |
| | hpo | Serine/threonine-protein kinase hippo; Plays a key role in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. The Hippo/SWH signaling pathway inhibits the act [...] (669 aa) |
| | shi | Dynamin; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein which is involved in the production of microtubule bundles and which is able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Implicated in endocytic protein sorting; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (896 aa) |
| | brat | Brain tumor protein; A NHL-domain family protein that functions a translational repressor to inhibit cell proliferation. Plays a central role in translation repression of hb mRNA by being recruited by nos and pum to the Nanos Response Element (NRE), a 16 bp sequence in the hb mRNA 3'-UTR. Probably recruited by other proteins to repress translation of other mRNAs in other tissues. Involved in the regulation of ribosomal RNA synthesis and cell growth. Participates in abdominal segmentation and imaginal disk development. During neuroblast division, segregates asymmetrically and inhibits s [...] (1061 aa) |
| | mats | MOB kinase activator-like 1; Coactivator of Warts (Wts) kinase in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo)signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki)oncoprotein. The Hippo/SWH signaling pathway inhibits th [...] (219 aa) |
| | Not1 | Not1, isoform H; Not1 (Not1) encodes a poly(A)-specific ribonuclease involved in translation inhibition and ovarian follicle cell development. (2511 aa) |
| | Raf | Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase Raf; Serine/threonine kinase required in the early embryo for the formation of terminal structure. Also required during the proliferation of imaginal cells. May act downstream of Ras85D in the tor signal transduction pathway. During larval development, mediates Ptth/tor signaling leading to the production of ecdysone, a hormone required for the initiation of metamorphosis. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily. (739 aa) |
| | Pop2 | Pop2, isoform E; Pop2 (Pop2) encodes a poly(A)-specific ribonuclease involved in translation inhibition. (361 aa) |
| | Psc | Polycomb group protein Psc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Needed to maintain e [...] (1601 aa) |
| | vvl | POU domain protein CF1A; Binds to a DNA sequence element required for the expression of the dopa decarboxylase gene (Ddc) in specific dopaminergic neurons. Could also play an early role in specific ectodermal cells, and a subsequent role in the embryonic nervous system. Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-3 subfamily. (742 aa) |
| | Schip1 | Schwannomin-interacting protein 1 homolog; Regulator of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (yki) oncoprotein. Schip1 promotes kinase activity of Tao and enhances [...] (621 aa) |
| | yki | Transcriptional coactivator yorkie; Transcriptional coactivator which is the critical downstream regulatory target in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. The Hippo/ [...] (418 aa) |
