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| | sqh | Spaghetti squash (sqh) encodes the regulatory light chain of the nonmuscle type 2 myosin. Its phosphorylation through the Rho-Rho Kinase pathway is predicted to activate myosin motor activity. The product of sqh and myosin function in cellular processes such as cytokinesis, and also contribute to tissue morphogenesis. (174 aa) |
| | kdn | Probable citrate synthase, mitochondrial; Plays a role in controlling neuronal activity and seizure susceptibility; Belongs to the citrate synthase family. (522 aa) |
| | Pex5 | Peroxin 5, isoform A; Peroxisome matrix targeting signal-1 binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein import into peroxisome matrix, docking; response to anesthetic; peroxisome organization. (614 aa) |
| | Upf2 | RE04053p; Upf2 (Upf2) encodes a protein required for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). It interacts directly with the product of Upf1 to identify and degrade NMD-substrate mRNAs, including mRNAs containing premature termination codons and a number of normal endogenous mRNAs. (1241 aa) |
| | Moe | Moesin/ezrin/radixin homolog 1; Involved in connections of major cytoskeletal structures to the plasma membrane. Together with wgn, involved in control of axon targeting of R8 and R2-R5 photoreceptors, independent of egr. In the nucleus, recruited to sites of active transcription by RNA polymerase II where it has a role in nuclear mRNA export together with the mRNA export factor PCID2 and other messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) particles. (649 aa) |
| | cpa | Capping protein alpha (cpa) encodes an actin-binding protein that, along with the product of cpb, binds to the fast growing ends of actin filaments to restrict the addition or loss of actin monomers. It limits the nuclear translocation of the Hippo pathway mediator encoded by yki and restricts JNK signaling. It maintains epithelial integrity and controls the balance between proliferation and apoptosis in the wing imaginal disc. It plays important roles during oogenesis, as well as maintaining neuronal homeostasis. (286 aa) |
| | Treh | Trehalase (Treh) encodes an enzyme that hydrolyzes the the disaccharide trehalose to two molecules of glucose in either the cytoplasm or the extracellular space; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 37 family. (596 aa) |
| | Tbp | TATA binding protein (Tbp) encodes a basal transcription factor required at most RNA Pol I and Pol II-transcribed genes. Traditionally thought to be recruited only to TATA box containing promoters, recent work shows that promoters with very weak TATA box consensus sequences also recruit the product of Tbp as a part of the multisubunit TFIID basal transcription factor or via the SAGA histone acetyltransferase complex. (353 aa) |
| | tpr | LD47230p; Serine-type endopeptidase activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: liquid clearance, open tracheal system; proteolysis; Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. (372 aa) |
| | tsr | Cofilin/actin-depolymerizing factor homolog; Exhibits F-actin depolymerizing activity and regulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Required for cytokinesis in both mitotic and meiotic cells and for aster migration and separation. Promotes cell motility during ovary development and oogenesis. During larval development, required for the cell rearrangement needed for formation of terminal filaments which are stacks of somatic cells that are important for the initiation of ovarioles. Also required for border cell migration during oogenesis. During border cell migration, required for actin tu [...] (148 aa) |
| | uri | Unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor-like protein; Inhibits the activity of serine/threonine-protein phosphatases flw/PP1beta9C and Pp1-87B. Required for germ line cell viability and differentiation, normal transcriptional activity and maintenance of DNA integrity. (731 aa) |
| | Letm1 | Mitochondrial proton/calcium exchanger protein; Mitochondrial proton/calcium antiporter that mediates proton- dependent calcium efflux from mitochondrion. Belongs to the LETM1 family. (1013 aa) |
| | ago | F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Probably recognizes and binds to phosphorylated target proteins (By similarity). In the wing and eye, negatively regulates cell growth and proliferation by mediating the degradation of Myc and cyclin E, respectively. Required for endocycles, but not mitosis in follicle cell epithelium. (1326 aa) |
| | Upf1 | Regulator of nonsense transcripts 1 homolog; RNA-dependent helicase and ATPase required for nonsense- mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons. Is recruited to mRNAs upon translation termination and undergoes a cycle of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation; its phosphorylation appears to be a key step in NMD. The formation of an Upf1-Upf2-Upf3 surveillance complex is believed to activate NMD (By similarity). (1180 aa) |
| | Amun | Amun, isoform A; It is involved in the biological process described with: chaeta development; compound eye development; wing disc development. (550 aa) |
| | Brms1 | LD14895p; BRMS1 (Brms1) encodes a protein involved in regulation of the ecdysone signaling and the Notch signaling pathway in the wing. (259 aa) |
| | alphaSnap | Alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein; Required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. Also between the endosome and phagosome. (292 aa) |
| | HipHop | HP1-HOAP-interacting protein (HipHop) encodes a protein that interacts with the products of cav and Su(var)205. It is involved in telomere capping. (221 aa) |
| | rpr | Cell death protein rpr; Reaper (rpr) encodes Reaper, Hid, Grim (RHG) protein. It contributes to the caspase dependent apoptosis by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic protein encoded by Diap1. (65 aa) |
| | NUCB1 | NUCB1 (NUCB1) encodes a protein involved in the defense response to Gram-negative bacteria. (569 aa) |
| | eIF3e | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit E; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. In addition to its role in the eIF-3 complex, also functions in protein ubiquitination and degradation. During mitosis required for regulating mitotic mic [...] (435 aa) |
| | fwe | Calcium channel flower; Flower (fwe) encodes a transmembrane protein with different isoforms expressed in 'loser' and in 'winner' cells to mediate win/lose decisions in cell competition and neuronal culling during development and ageing. (194 aa) |
| | DCTN1-p150 | Dynactin 1, p150 subunit (DCTN1-p150) encodes the p150 subunit of the dynactin complex. Dynactin is thought to act as a dynein receptor that modulates binding of dynein to cellular cargoes and enhances the processivity of dynein movement. The roles of the product of DCTN1-p150 include oocyte polarity, mitotic cell division, embryonic development, neuronal transport and neurogenesis. (1265 aa) |
| | Dronc | Caspase Nc subunit 1; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Effector of steroid-mediated apoptosis during insect metamorphosis. Overexpression promotes programmed cell death. Interaction with Diap1 is required to suppress Dronc-mediated cell death; via Diap1-mediated ubiquitination of Dronc. Rate-limiting caspase in rpr and hid death pathway. (450 aa) |
| | scny | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 36; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates polyubiquitinated target proteins including imd. Required for preventing the constitutive activation of the imd/NF-kappa-B (Imd) signaling cascade under unchalleneged conditions. Deubiquitinates imd linked 'Lys-63' chains which leads its proteasomal degradation and consequently down-regulation of the Imd signaling cascade. Removal of the activating 'Lys-63'-linked chains is likely to enable their replacement with 'Lys- 48'-linked chains which act as 'tags' the for proteosomal degradation of imd. Required for maint [...] (1038 aa) |
| | Spp | Signal peptide peptidase; Aspartic endopeptidase activity, intramembrane cleaving. It is involved in the biological process described with: signal peptide processing; cellular response to unfolded protein; membrane protein proteolysis. (389 aa) |
| | Syx7 | Syntaxin 7 (Syx7) encodes a SNARE protein that is part of the core machinery (including the products of Rab5, Rbsn-5, and Vps45) by which endocytic cargo vesicles fuse with the early endosome. (282 aa) |
| | Mes2 | Mesoderm-expressed 2, isoform B; Mesoderm-expressed 2 (Mes2) encodes a transcription regulator involved in ecdysis. (437 aa) |
| | Sec8 | Exocyst complex component 4; Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane. Involved in regulation of synaptic microtubule formation, and also regulation of synaptic growth and glutamate receptor trafficking. Does not appear to be required for basal neurotransmission. (985 aa) |
| | cas | Transcription factor castor; Transcription factor that specifies expression of key genes in developing central nervous system (CNS). Essential for many, if not all, late developing neuroblastoma (NB) sublineages. Binds to the 5'- [CG]C[CT][CT]AAAAA[AT]-3' DNA sequence, like hb, suggesting that cas and hb act as a late regulators in early and late CNS NB sublineage, respectively. Acts by repressing expression of nub/pdm-1 and pdm2/pdm-2 POU genes, and restrict their pattern of expression in appropriate cells. Required for a full expression of vvl/drifter and acj6/I-POU; it is however un [...] (793 aa) |
| | Hsp60C | Heat shock protein 60C (Hsp60C) encodes one of the four Hsp60 family chaperone proteins. It is widely expressed and essential for embryonic viability and tracheal formation. It has essential roles in spermatogenesis and oogenesis, possibly through interaction with F-Actin. (576 aa) |
| | smt3 | Small ubiquitin-related modifier; Smt3 (smt3) encodes the only Drosophila SUMO family protein. It is required for embryonic patterning and mitosis. It may also have roles in wing patterning, Dpp signaling, and Ras/MAPK signaling. It localizes to the nucleus during interphase and to the kinetochores and midbodies during mitosis; Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily. (90 aa) |
| | Gas41 | LD16161p; Gas41 (Gas41) encodes a protein that contributes to histone acetylation and is involved in chromatin organization and RNA interference. (227 aa) |
| | mEFG1 | Elongation factor G, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial GTPase that catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome (By similarity). Essential during development as it acts as a retrograde signal from mitocho [...] (745 aa) |
| | LanB1 | LanB1 (LanB1) encodes a subunit of laminin, a heterotrimeric protein found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and a major component of the basal lamina. Laminins interact with a variety of cell surface molecules such as integrin receptors and other secreted ECM components. It contributes to ECM organization, tissue adhesion, cell motility and developmental patterning. (1788 aa) |
| | Eaat1 | Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (Eaat1) encodes a transmembrane protein with a glutamate:sodium symporter activity. It is regulated by Notch signalling and contributes to larval locomotion and lifespan. (479 aa) |
| | Npc1a | Niemann-Pick type C-1a (Npc1a) encodes a cholesterol trafficking protein that contributes to sterol and ecdysone metabolism. It is involved in sperm individualization. (1287 aa) |
| | KdelR | KDEL receptor (KdelR) encodes a protein required for retrieval of ER proteins from the Golgi. Loss of function is lethal and results in larval cuticle defects. It is essential for the ER retention of some but not all KDEL-containing proteins in the salivary gland ER; Belongs to the ERD2 family. (212 aa) |
| | Hand | FI14601p; Hand (Hand) encodes a transcription factor that contributes to cardiogenesis, hemopoiesis, and muscle function. (174 aa) |
| | Vha68-2 | Vacuolar H[+] ATPase 68 kDa subunit 2 (Vha68-2) encodes a component of the V1 subunit of the vacuolar ATPase, which acidifies endosomal compartments including the lysosome and influences the activity of several signaling pathways. (614 aa) |
| | Cyt-c-p | Cytochrome c-2; Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. (108 aa) |
| | VhaSFD | V-type proton ATPase subunit H; Subunit of the peripheral V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase. Subunit H activates the ATPase activity of the enzyme and couples ATPase activity to proton flow. Vacuolar ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells, thus providing most of the energy required for transport processes in the vacuolar system (By similarity). (542 aa) |
| | dl | Embryonic polarity protein dorsal; Embryonic developmental protein. The lateral or ventral identity of a cell depends upon the concentration of this protein in its nucleus during the blastoderm stage. A morphogenetic protein that specifically binds to the kappa B-related consensus sequence 5'- GRGAAAANCC-3', located in the enhancer region of zygotic genes such as Zen, Twist, Snail and Decapentaplegic. Mediates an immune response in larvae. Part of a signaling pathway involving NF- kappa-B and Toll-related receptors, that functions in the apoptosis of unfit cells during cell competition [...] (999 aa) |
| | tup | Tailup, isoform A; Tailup (tup) encodes a transcription factor that regulates neuronal sub-type identity, including motor, serotonergic and dopaminergic neuron identity. It regulates germ band retraction, dorsal closure, muscle and heart development. (534 aa) |
| | Catsup | Protein catecholamines up; Negatively regulates tyrosine hydroxylase activity; Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family. KE4/Catsup subfamily. (449 aa) |
| | Mtp | Microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein (Mtp) encodes a phosphatidylcholine transporter involved in lipoprotein metabolism, tracheal system lumen formation and neuron development. (886 aa) |
| | Coq2 | 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the prenylation of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) with an all-trans polyprenyl group. Mediates the second step in the final reaction sequence of coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis, which is the condensation of the polyisoprenoid side chain with PHB, generating the first membrane-bound Q intermediate; Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family. (392 aa) |
| | ouib | Transcription factor Ouib; Transcription factor required for ecdysteroid production in the prothoracic gland by activating transcription of the ecdysteroid biosynthesis gene spok. Binds to the 5'-AGCTTTATTATTTAG-3' DNA sequence in the spok enhancer region. (312 aa) |
| | ATP6AP2 | ATPase H(+)-transporting accessory protein 2 C-terminal fragment; Multifunctional protein which functions as transmembrane receptor in the planar cell polarity (PCP) and is involved in the assembly of the proton-transporting vacuolar (V)-ATPase protein pump. As transmembrane receptor mediates fz/PCP signaling through interaction with fz and stabilizes asymmetric PCP domains through its interaction with stan. Also mediates Wnt/beta-cat signaling through interaction with fz/fz2. Probably by controlling the assembly of the V-ATPase pump and thus the acidification of the endo-lysosomal sys [...] (320 aa) |
| | AP-1mu | Adaptor Protein complex 1, mu subunit (AP-1mu) encodes a clathrin adaptor involved in intracellular transport. It controls the trafficking of proteins, including the products of N and spdo. (426 aa) |
| | Vha55 | V-type proton ATPase subunit B; Non-catalytic subunit of the peripheral V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells; Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family. (490 aa) |
| | GlyS | Glycogen synthase (GlyS) encodes a glycosyltransferase that catalyzes linkage of glucose monomers into glycogen. Regulation of the product of GlyS activity by glucose 6-phosphate and phosphorylation helps control cellular glycogen levels. (709 aa) |
| | Manf | Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (Manf) encodes an evolutionarily conserved neurotrophic factor. It contributes to dopamine neuron survival, regulation of unfolded protein response and retinal repair. (173 aa) |
| | mRpL55 | Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L55 (mRpL55) encodes a protein involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and cell division; Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL55 family. (107 aa) |
| | TFAM | Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) encodes a protein essential for mtDNA transcription and replication. It also binds to mtDNA nonspecifically, and plays a role in mtDNA maintenance by packaging mtDNA. (284 aa) |
| | Rab11 | Rab11, isoform A; Rab11 (Rab11) encodes a Rab type protein. Rab proteins are ubiquitously expressed family of small monomeric Ras-like GTPases that are key regulators of endomembrane traffiking, regulating exocytosis, endocytosis and membrane recycling processes essential for maintaining various cellular functions. (214 aa) |
| | ppan | Protein Peter pan; Required for initiation of larval growth and normal mitotic growth but is not absolutely required for general biosynthesis or DNA replication. Required for progression of normal oogenesis and maturation of some imaginal tissues into adult structures. (460 aa) |
| | Irp-1A | Iron regulatory protein 1A (Irp-1A) encodes a cytosolic aconitase that under iron deficiency (or if cytosolic superoxide is present) loses its iron-sulfur cluster, changes confirmation and binds iron regulatory elements (so far identified on the products of SdhB and Fer1HCH mRNAs); Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. (902 aa) |
| | Nmnat | Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (Nmnat) encodes an essential enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway, catalyzing the last step of NAD synthesis. It is also a neuronal maintenance factor that protects neurons from excitotoxicity, environmental stress and protein misfolding induced degeneration. (389 aa) |
| | SPARC | Secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich (SPARC) encodes a small calcium and growth factor-binding secreted glycoprotein that is enriched in basement membranes. During cell competition, it is expressed in "loser" cells so they can avoid apoptosis mediated by the products of fwe and azot. (304 aa) |
| | Gfat2 | Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 2; Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (isomerizing) activity; carbohydrate derivative binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process; fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process; protein N-linked glycosylation. (683 aa) |
| | Tif-IA | LD10456p; RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor activity; RNA polymerase I core binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter; nucleolar large rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase I; female germ-line stem cell population maintenance. (611 aa) |
| | betaTub56D | Tubulin beta chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Belongs to the tubulin family. (456 aa) |
| | SdhA | Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial; Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). Maintaining electron transport chain function is required to prevent neurodegenerative changes seen in both early- and late-onset disorders. (661 aa) |
| | lolal | Longitudinals lacking protein-like; Required, together with Trl, for maintaining the repressed state of target genes including homeotic genes Scr and Ubx. May also be involved in the activation of homeotic genes. Binds to a DNA Polycomb response element (PRE) at the bithorax complex. Also binds to polytene chromosomes at several hundred sites, many of which are shared with Trl and ph-p. Required during embryonic development. (127 aa) |
| | Ns2 | Nucleolar GTP-binding protein 2; GTPase that associates with pre-60S ribosomal subunits in the nucleolus and is required for their nuclear export and maturation. Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. NOG2 subfamily. (674 aa) |
| | RhoGEF2 | Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (RhoGEF2) encodes a protein involved in actin organization and contractility. It contributes to multiple actin-based processes including wound healing, cell shape and cell contraction. (2559 aa) |
| | phyl | Protein phyllopod; Essential adapter component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes; involved in R7 photoreceptor cell differentiation, embryonic nervous system, external sensory organ development and specification of particular muscles. E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes mediate ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Required for specification of R7 photoreceptor cell fate in the eye by participating in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Tramtrack (ttk), a general inhibitor of photoreceptor differentiation. Acts downstream of Notch s [...] (400 aa) |
| | Opa1 | Optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) encodes a dynamin-related GTPase that mediates fusion of the inner membrane of mitochondria. It usually works with the product of Marf to coordinately fuse both mitochondrial membranes. The product of Opa1 activity is regulated by proteolytic processing; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (972 aa) |
| | garz | Gartenzwerg, isoform B; Gartenzwerg (garz) encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor localized to the cis-Golgi apparatus. The roles of the product of garz include membrane and protein trafficking between the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum. It is required for epithelial morphogenesis in the embryo. (1983 aa) |
| | Vhl | Protein Vhl; Involved in development of tracheal vasculature. Probably involved in halting cell migration at the end of vascular tube outgrowth. Possesses E3 ubiquitin ligase activity when in complex with Elongin BC complex, Cul2 and Rox1a/Rbx1, and can target sima/Hif1a for ubiquitination. May play a critical role in promoting microtubule stabilization when tubulins are correctly folded by the prefoldin complex. If tubulin is incorrectly folded, may promote its degradation. (178 aa) |
| | Prp38 | Pre-mRNA-splicing factor 38; Required for pre-mRNA splicing; Belongs to the PRP38 family. (330 aa) |
| | Hey | Hairy/E(spl)-related with YRPW motif (Hey) encodes a transcription factor involved in neuron fate determination. Hey expression is regulated by Notch signalling in the embryonic and larval central nervous system. (425 aa) |
| | bip2 | Bip2 (bip2) encodes a protein that interacts with the transcription factor encoded by Trl and is involved in transcriptional activation. (1406 aa) |
| | so | Sine oculis (so) encodes a homeobox-containing transcription factor that functions with the product of eya as a transcriptional co-activator. It contributes to both cell and tissue fate specification, promotion of cell proliferation and suppression of apoptosis. (416 aa) |
| | Trc8 | Protein TRC8 homolog; Plays a role in growth inhibition that is dependent upon COP9 signalosome subunits CSN5 and CSN6. May modulate signalosome levels or compartmentalization. Probably functions in the same or a related pathway to VHL during early midline development. (809 aa) |
| | rdx | Protein roadkill; Involved in segment polarity. In complex with gft/CUL3, promotes ubiquitination of ci and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome, which results in hh signaling attenuation. This regulation may be important during eye formation for proper packing of ommatidia into a hexagonal array. (829 aa) |
| | mol | Moladietz, isoform A; Protein binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: protein localization; protein transport; long-term memory; response to oxidative stress. (474 aa) |
| | Btk29A | Btk family kinase at 29A (Btk29A) encodes a non-receptor tyrosine kinase with diverse roles including cellularization, morphogenesis, patterning and germ cell proliferation; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. TEC subfamily. (786 aa) |
| | stv | Starvin, isoform E; Starvin (stv) encodes a BAG family member that binds heat shock proteins. It plays roles in somatic muscles and is involved in the chaperone pathway essential for muscle maintenance. It also acts as co-chaperone of Hsp70 proteins during recovery from stress, including cold stress. (635 aa) |
| | nvd | Rieske-domain protein Neverland; Neverland (nvd) encodes an evolutionarily conserved oxygenase-like protein that is required for the biosynthesis pathway of ecdysone. It converts cholesterol to 7-dehydrocholesterol. (429 aa) |
| | RpL15 | 60S ribosomal protein L15; Structural constituent of ribosome; RNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: cytoplasmic translation; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL15 family. (204 aa) |
| | Taf4 | Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 4; TFIID is a multimeric protein complex that plays a central role in mediating promoter responses to various activators and repressors. May function as a coactivator by serving as a site of protein-protein contact between activators like Sp1 (or btd) and TFIID complex. (1088 aa) |
| | Ehbp1 | Eps15 homology domain containing protein-binding protein 1 (Ehbp1) encodes a protein that mediates asymmetric protein secretion. It regulates the trafficking and secretion of distinct Notch signaling components and extracellular membrane proteins. (1141 aa) |
| | spok | Spookier (spok) encodes a cytochrome P450 involved in ecdysteroid biosynthesis that is expressed primarily in the prothoracic gland and is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Genetic evidence suggests that the product of spok acts with the products of sro and Cyp6t3 to catalyze conversion of 7 dehydrocholesterol to delta4, diketol during the ecdysone biosynthetic pathway. (553 aa) |
| | hyx | Hyrax, isoform A; Hyrax (hyx) encodes a protein recruited by signaling pathway specific transcriptional regulators such as the products of arm and ci and is important for the output of Wingless and Hedgehog pathways. (538 aa) |
| | Pten | Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) encodes a dual lipid and protein phosphatase that primarily counters the effects of the insulin-regulated lipid kinase, encoded by Pi3K92E. It inhibits cell growth, cell proliferation and cellular events controlling cytoskeletal and junctional rearrangements. (514 aa) |
| | Trf2 | TATA box binding protein-related factor 2 (Trf2) encodes a core promoter recognition factor that mediates gene transcription. It contributes to spiracle morphogenesis, pupal development and salivary gland cell death. (1715 aa) |
| | mesh | Protein mesh; Required, together with Ssk and Tsp2A, for the proper organization of smooth septate junctions (sSJs), probably by mediating cell adhesion via its homophilic interaction. Also required for the correct subcellular localization of several sSJ components, such as Ssk, cora and l(2)gl, and for the barrier function of the midgut epithelium. Required for maintaining the three-layered structure of the proventriculus. (1454 aa) |
| | EcR | Ecdysone receptor (EcR) encodes a protein that interacts with the product of usp to form the nuclear ecdysone receptor heterodimer, which modulates, in conjunction with co-activators and co-repressors, the activities of hundreds of genes in a tissue- and stage-specific way. EcR is widely expressed in embryonic and larval tissues and in some adult tissues where its activities (modulated by the hormone ecdysone) trigger both molting and metamorphosis. (878 aa) |
| | Apoltp | Apolipoprotein lipid transfer particle (Apoltp) encodes a apolipoprotein of the ApoB family. It is assembled with lipids to form high density, low abundance lipoproteins named lipid transfer particles (LTP). LTP catalyzes the transfer of lipids from the gut to circulating lipophorin and from lipophorin to peripheral tissues, such as imaginal discs and ovaries. (4333 aa) |
| | mld | Molting defective (mld) encodes a nuclear zinc finger protein required for ecdysone biosynthesis. (1965 aa) |
| | milt | Trafficking kinesin-binding protein milt; Required for kinesin-mediated axonal transport of mitochondria to nerve terminals. The oocyte acquires the majority of its mitochondria by competitive bidirectional transport along microtubules mediated by the Milton adapter. Mitochondria enter the young oocyte en mass from interconnected germ cells to generate the large aggregate known as the Balbiani body. Milt and Miro form an essential protein complex that links Khc to mitochondria for light chain- independent, anterograde transport of mitochondria. (1256 aa) |
| | ewg | DNA-binding protein Ewg; Erect wing (ewg) encodes a transcription factor that is essential for synaptic growth at neuromuscular junctions, specification of photoreceptor subtypes, and formation of indirect flight muscles. ewg product has also been linked to the Hippo and Wingless pathways and serves as a major target of the RNA-binding protein encoded by elav; Belongs to the NRF1/Ewg family. (843 aa) |
| | Sec23 | Protein transport protein SEC23; Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules; Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC23 subfamily. (781 aa) |
| | Xbp1 | X box binding protein-1 (Xbp1) encodes a transcription factor that mediates the unfolded protein response. Xbp1 mRNA undergoes splicing after being cleaved by the product of Ire1, inducing the expression of ER quality control transcripts. Xbp1 mutants fail to develop beyond the 2nd instar larval stage, indicative of a requirement to resolve inherent ER stress during normal development. (498 aa) |
| | mtg | Mind the gap (mtg) encodes a protein involved in synapse assembly. (556 aa) |
| | Ca-beta | Ca2+-channel-protein-beta-subunit, isoform L; Voltage-gated calcium channel activity; high voltage-gated calcium channel activity. (844 aa) |
| | Rpb4 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit Rpb4; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Associates with POLR2G. (139 aa) |
| | Ada2a | Transcriptional adapter 2A; GCN5-independent Rpb4 complexes are highly enriched in decondensed chromosome puffs so may play a role in RNA polymerase II- dependent transcription. (562 aa) |
| | ush | Zinc finger protein ush; Transcription regulator that modulates expression mediated by transcription factors of the GATA family such as pnr and srp. Represses transcription of proneural achaete-scute complex (AS-C), which is usually activated by pnr. Involved in cardiogenesis, blood, and eye development. During hematopoiesis, it is required to restrict the number of crystal cells, probably via its interaction with the isoform SrpNC of srp. Negatively regulates expression of sr. Probably acts by interacting with the GATA-type zinc finger of proteins such as pnr and srp, possibly antagon [...] (1212 aa) |
| | Sec24CD | Secretory 24CD (Sec24CD) encodes a subunit of the coat protein complex of COPII vesicles, which transport cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. It is essential for export of membrane and secreted proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. It is involved in epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation. (1231 aa) |
| | Asciz | ASCIZ zinc finger protein (Asciz) encodes a transcription factor that regulates the expression of ctp, which encodes a LC8 dynein light chain. The product of Asciz is involved in dynein motor functions, including mitotic chromosome segregation, and dynein-independent functions, such as patterning of cell cycles and apoptosis during development. (388 aa) |
| | lute | Lute, isoform D; Lute (lute) encodes a protein involved in neurogenesis. (735 aa) |
| | bon | Bonus, isoform C; Bonus (bon) encodes a nuclear receptor cofactor involved in axon guidance and chromatin organization. (1207 aa) |
| | Ppcs | Phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase, isoform C; Phosphopantothenate--cysteine ligase activity. (373 aa) |
| | slmb | Supernumerary limbs (slmb) encodes an essential, conserved F-box protein and a component of the SCF (Skp/Cullin/F-box) E3 ubiquitin-ligase, providing substrate specificity to the SCF. It negatively regulates multiple signaling pathways and cellular processes by promoting the proteasome-mediated degradation or cleavage of its targets, including the products of arm and ci (Wg and Hh signaling), SAK, per and Cap-H2. (597 aa) |
| | mirr | Mirror, isoform C; Mirror (mirr) encodes an iroquois homeobox transcription factor involved in dorso-ventral axis formation during oogenesis and eye formation. It also contributes to embryonic segmentation, peripheral nervous system development and growth regulation. (682 aa) |
| | sky | GTPase-activating protein skywalker; GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for Rab35 which regulates synaptic vesicle (SV) protein recycling and turnover at the neuromuscular junction boutons and possibly ventral nerve cord via endosomal trafficking. Inhibits Rab35-mediated endosomal sorting which traffics old or dysfunctional SV proteins through a degradative endolysosomal route that involves the ESCRT pathway and the HOPS complex members dor, vps39 and rab7. This function is essential for preventing excessive degradation and turnover of vesicles from the readily releasable pool which leads [...] (607 aa) |
| | RpS2 | Ribosomal protein S2 (RpS2) encodes a highly conserved component of the 40S ribolomal comlex. RpS2 product controls the assembly and nuclear export of the pre-ribosome and appears to have a specific function during oogenesis. (267 aa) |
| | simj | Simjang, isoform E; Simjang (simj) encodes a component of the NURD complex, which couples chromatin remodelling and histone deacetylation to mediate transcriptional repression. The product of simj is involded in cardiogenesis and habituation. (937 aa) |
| | Pi4KIIIalpha | Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III alpha (PI4KIIIalpha) encodes a lipid kinase that synthesizes phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate from phosphatidylinositol. Its roles include localization of plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletal and membrane trafficking proteins, Hippo signaling regulation and polarization of developing oocytes; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (2154 aa) |
| | ND-ACP | Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis. Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain (By similarity); Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family. (181 aa) |
| | Rac1 | Ras-related protein Rac1; During various developmental processes, regulates changes in cell morphology in response to extracellular signals. During oogenesis, mediates signaling from the tyrosine kinase (RTK) chemoattractant receptors (Egfr and Pvr) to the guidance pathway that control the directional persistent collective migration of the border cell (BC) cluster through the nurse cells to the oocyte. Once activating by Pvr and Egfr, promotes the formation of forward-directed actin protrusions which stabilize the DE- cadherin (shg)-mediated adhesions. In turn, DE-mediated adhesion bet [...] (192 aa) |
| | hpo | Serine/threonine-protein kinase hippo; Plays a key role in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. The Hippo/SWH signaling pathway inhibits the act [...] (669 aa) |
| | Fer2LCH | Ferritin 2 light chain homologue (Fer2LCH) encodes one of two subunits of the major iron storage complex, the ferritin molecule. In insects, ferritin is assembled from 12 Fer1HCH and 12 Fer2LCH subunits and can be found in the secretory pathway of cells and in hemolymph. The product of Fer2LCH provides iron nucleation sites in the internal cavity of the complex required for iron mineralization and is essential for embryogenesis. (236 aa) |
| | Fer1HCH | Ferritin 1 heavy chain homologue (Fer1HCH) encodes one of two subunits of the major iron storage complex, the ferritin molecule. In insects, ferritin is assembled from 12 Fer1HCH and 12 Fer2LCH subunits and can be found in the secretory pathway of cells and in hemolymph. The product of Fer1HCH has ferroxidase activity required for iron loading into ferritin and is essential for embryogenesis. (245 aa) |
| | Inx2 | Innexin inx2; Structural components of the gap junctions. Involved in gap junctional communication between germline and somatic cells which is essential for normal oogenesis. In embryonic epidermis, required for epithelial morphogenesis. Required for keyhole formation during early stages of proventriculus development in response to wg signaling. In follicle cells, promotes the formation of egg chambers in part through regulation of shg and baz at the boundary between germ cells and follicle cells. In inner germarial sheath cells, required for survival of early germ cells and for cyst f [...] (367 aa) |
| | Top2 | DNA topoisomerase 2; Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double-strand breaks. Essential during mitosis and meiosis for proper segregation of daughter chromosomes. During meiosis, it disrupts heterochromatic connections between achiasmate and chiasmate homologs after spindle assembly so that chromosomes can separate at prometaphase I. During mitosis, it functions in the separation of sister chromatids by establishing amphitelic kinetochore attachments in mitotic spindles. May have a role in chromatin [...] (1447 aa) |
| | PRL-1 | PRL-1 phosphatase (PRL-1) encodes a growth inhibitor that counteracts the function of the product of the Src42A oncogene. (176 aa) |
| | ab | Protein abrupt; Expression is vital for development; may be involved in transcriptional regulation. In embryos, muscle specific expression is required for segmental nerve b (SNb) motoneuron target recognition within ventral longitudinal muscles. Has a role in establishing and maintaining embryonic muscle attachments, adult sensory cell formation (macrochaetae) and morphogenesis of adult appendages (legs, antenna aristae and male external genitalia). Has a role in the morphogenesis of the class I dendritic neurons: selective expression of ab in class I da neurons plays a pivotal role in [...] (904 aa) |
| | Dhc64C | Dynein heavy chain 64C (Dhc64C) encodes the heavy chain subunit of the cytoplasmic dynein motor complex. The product of Dhc64C forms a dimer, which binds and hydrolyzes ATP providing the power for movement of dynein. It has an essential function in oocyte polarity, mitotic cell division, embryonic development, and neuronal transport and neurogenesis. (4661 aa) |
| | alpha-Spec | Spectrin alpha chain; Spectrin is the major constituent of the cytoskeletal network underlying the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It associates with band 4.1 and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. Essential for larval survival and development. Stabilizes cell to cell interactions that are critical for the maintenance of cell shape and subcellular organization within embryonic tissues. Lva and spectrin may form a Golgi-based scaffold that mediates interaction of Golgi bodies with microtubules and facilitates Golgi- derived membrane secretion [...] (2457 aa) |
| | Acsl | Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain, isoform J; Long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity; palmitoyl-CoA ligase activity. (728 aa) |
| | Galphaq | G protein alpha q subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Could be the transducin analog, an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between opsin and cGMP-phosphodiesterase. Could mediate a subset of olfactory and gustatory responses. (396 aa) |
| | fog | G protein-coupled receptor ligand; Coordinates cell shape changes during formation of the ventral furrow and invagination of the posterior midgut primordium, by inducing apical constriction of cells in spatially and temporally defined manners. Could function as a secreted signal to initiate apical constriction by acting as a ligand for an unidentified G protein- coupled receptor, which in turn activates the G protein alpha subunit encoded by concertina, in neighboring cells. Such an intracellular pathway would ultimately induce contraction of the apical actin-myosin network. In the ven [...] (730 aa) |
| | shi | Dynamin; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein which is involved in the production of microtubule bundles and which is able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Implicated in endocytic protein sorting; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (896 aa) |
| | usp | Protein ultraspiracle; Receptor for ecdysone. May be an important modulator of insect metamorphosis. Plays an important part in embryonic and post- embryonic development. Binds to ecdysone response elements (ECRES) such as in the promoter region of s15 chorion gene; Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily. (508 aa) |
| | eIF4E1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E1; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. In 0-1 hour embryos, forms a complex with me31B, cup, tral and pAbp which binds to various mRNAs including maternal mRNAs, and downregulates their expression during the maternal-to-zygotic transition. Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family. (259 aa) |
| | beta-Spec | Beta Spectrin (beta-Spec) encodes an essential protein that interacts with the product of alpha-Spec to form a heterotetramer. The product of beta-Spec is typically associated with the plasma membrane. It functions in a lipoprotein pathway that delivers dietary fat to the larval fat body for storage. It is also believed to function in asymmetric division of germ line stem cells via cytoplasmic structures called spectrosomes and fusomes. (2308 aa) |
| | Src42A | Tyrosine-protein kinase Src42A; Required directly or indirectly for the phosphorylation of drpr which is necessary for the interaction of drpr with shark and subsequent glial phagocytic activity. Together with drpr and shark, promotes the migration of macrophages to sites of wounding as part of a signaling cascade where Scr42a detects production of hydrogen peroxide at wound sites which triggers phosphorylation of drpr and subsequent recruitment and activation of shark. Essential for correct eye morphogenesis (ommatidial R7 neuron formation) which requires the Ras1/MAPK signal transduc [...] (1597 aa) |
| | FASN1 | Fatty acid synthase 1 (FASN1) encodes a fatty acid synthase involved in glycogen metabolism and triglyceride biosynthesis. (2540 aa) |
| | IKKepsilon | I-kappaB kinase epsilon (IKKepsilon) encodes a serine-threonine kinase that targets the inhibitor of apoptosis encoded by Diap1 for degradation. It also negatively regulates protein kinase C and the dynein adaptor encoded nuf. The product of IKKepsilon contributes to the specification of bristle cells, bristle cell morphogenesis, oocyte polarity, and dendrite development. (720 aa) |
| | mbl | Muscleblind (mbl) encodes an RNA binding protein that regulates RNA metabolism at the levels of alternative splicing, transcript localization and miRNA and circRNA biogenesis. It contributes to terminal muscle, eye and neural differentiation. (956 aa) |
| | Cdc45 | CDC45L (CDC45L) encodes a protein that contributes to 3'-5' DNA helicase activity of the Cdc45/Mcm2-7/GINS complex. It is involved in chromosome condensation and the regulation of the mitotic G1/S transition. (575 aa) |
| | O-fut1 | GDP-fucose protein O-fucosyltransferase 1; Catalyzes the reaction that attaches fucose through an O- glycosidic linkage to a conserved serine or threonine residue found in the consensus sequence C2-X(4,5)-[S/T]-C3 of EGF domains, where C2 and C3 are the second and third conserved cysteines. Specifically uses GDP- fucose as donor substrate and proper disulfide pairing of the substrate EGF domains is required for fucose transfer. Plays a crucial role in Notch signaling. Initial fucosylation of Notch/N by POFUT1 generates a substrate for Fringe/Fng, an acetylglucosaminyltransferase that c [...] (402 aa) |
| | Snoo | Sno oncogene (Snoo) encodes a protein that belongs to the highly conserved Sno/Ski family of Smad binding proteins. It specifically binds the product of Med and switches its affinity from the products of Mad to Smox, resulting in antagonism of the product of dpp and facilitation of Activin signaling. Snoo overexpression antagonizes both pathways. (1223 aa) |
| | Adck1 | AarF domain-containing kinase 1; Essential for maintaining mitochondrial cristae formation and mitochondrial function by acting via YME1L to regulate the mitochondrial structural proteins Opa1 and Mitofilin. This function is likely to be kinase-independent (By similarity). Functions in tracheal development and larval molting probably by acting in sterol modification and/or intracellular lipid trafficking. The action of this enzyme is not yet clear (Probable). It is not known if it has protein kinase activity and what type of substrate it would phosphorylate (Ser, Thr or Tyr) (Probable). (518 aa) |
| | Prosalpha6 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-1; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity; Belongs to the peptidase T1A family. (279 aa) |
| | Hph | HIF prolyl hydroxylase (Hph) encodes the prolyl-4 hydroxylase that hydroxylases proline 850a of the product of sima, which is the alpha-subunit of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). The product of Hph regulates growth through both independent and dependent mechanisms of the product of sima. (478 aa) |
| | kibra | Protein kibra; Regulator of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein Hippo (Hpo), in complex with its regulatory protein Salvador (Sav), phosphorylates and activates Warts (Wts) in complex with its regulatory protein Mats, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates the Yorkie (Yki) oncoprotein. Kibra acts synergistically along with Ex and Mer to regulate the Hippo signalin [...] (1288 aa) |
| | Mrtf | Myocardin-related transcription factor (Mrtf) encodes a protein that binds to the product of bs, and likely other transcription factors, to enhance downstream gene activation. The activity of the product of Mrtf is regulated by free actin levels. It contributes to tracheal branching, border cell migration, and other cell stretching and invasive migration processes during development. (1788 aa) |
| | Oatp74D | Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 74D; Transporter that mediates the cellular uptake of ecdysteroids, including ecdysone, from the hemolymph. Belongs to the organo anion transporter (TC 2.A.60) family. (819 aa) |
| | Pcyt1 | Phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase 1 (Pcyt1) encodes a choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase involved in the endosomal traffic of several protein including the products of Egfr and N. (526 aa) |
| | ttm50 | Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit TIM50-C; Tiny tim 50 (ttm50) encodes a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that is involved in mitochondrial protein translocation and maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential. It plays active roles in regulating metabolic levels for modulation of growth in development. (428 aa) |
| | Tctp | Translationally controlled tumor protein (Tctp) encodes a protein that belongs to the TCTP family. It interacts with the GTPase encoded by Rheb to regulate organ growth. It is required for DNA damage response and genome stability. (172 aa) |
