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| | su(sable) | Protein suppressor of sable; Affects the transcript levels of those alleles that it suppresses. May be involved in influencing complex assembly on cryptic 5'-splice sites or nuclear RNA export; binds RNA preferentially at a sequence that resembles a cryptic 5'-splice site (in vitro). (1325 aa) |
| | mip130 | Myb-interacting protein 130 (mip130) encodes a subunit of the MuvB core complex. The MuvB core binds to the oncoprotein encoded by Myb and the Rbf-E2f2-Dp tumor suppressor complex, thereby controlling the expression of many genes, including critical regulators of the cell cycle. (986 aa) |
| | trr | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase trr; Histone methyltransferase that acts as a coactivator for the ecdysone receptor during development. Specifically trimethylates 'Lys- 4' of histone H3, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Recruited by EcR in an ecdysone-dependent manner causing H3 'Lys-4' trimethylation at ecdysone-inducible promoters, leading to activate expression. Plays a central role in the developing compound eye, during the progression of the morphogenetic furrow and in post- furrow differentiation of the retinal epithelium, notably by activating express [...] (2431 aa) |
| | ph-p | Polyhomeotic-proximal chromatin protein; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Plays a [...] (1589 aa) |
| | ph-d | Polyhomeotic distal (ph-d) encodes a stoichiometric subunit of the Polycomb repressive complex 1. The complex silences a variety of genes involved in developmental patterning, regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and polarity. Together with its paralog ph-p, ph-d functions as a tumor suppressor gene. (1537 aa) |
| | Tip60 | Histone acetyltransferase Tip60; Tat interactive protein 60kDa (Tip60) encodes a lysine acetyltransferase that acetylates histone proteins to regulate chromatin packaging and epigenetic gene control. It also acetylates non-histone proteins, and plays a role in apoptosis, DNA repair and various neural processes. (541 aa) |
| | mof | Males-absent on the first protein; Histone acetyltransferase that plays a direct role in the specific histone acetylation associated with dosage compensation as part of the MSL complex. Dosage compensation insures that males with a single X chromosome have the same amount of most X-linked gene products as females with two X chromosomes. May be directly involved in the acetylation of histone 4 at 'Lys-16' on the X chromosome of males where it is recruited by the MSL complex. As part of the NSL complex may associate with promoters of X chromosomal as well as autosomal genes and positivel [...] (827 aa) |
| | Spt6 | Transcription elongation factor SPT6; Transcription elongation factor which binds histone H3 and enhances transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Required for the transcriptional induction of heat shock response genes and for maximal recruitment of two other elongation factors, Spt5 and Paf1, to the induced Hsp70. Plays a critical role in normal fly development throughout the lifecycle. (1831 aa) |
| | Moe | Moesin/ezrin/radixin homolog 1; Involved in connections of major cytoskeletal structures to the plasma membrane. Together with wgn, involved in control of axon targeting of R8 and R2-R5 photoreceptors, independent of egr. In the nucleus, recruited to sites of active transcription by RNA polymerase II where it has a role in nuclear mRNA export together with the mRNA export factor PCID2 and other messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) particles. (649 aa) |
| | sktl | Skittles, isoform A; Skittles (sktl) encodes the major Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate-5 kinase (PI4P5K), catalysing the formation of phosphoinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP4,5). The sktl product is involved in many cellular processes involving (PIP4,5), such as endocytosis. It plays an important role in cell polarity by controlling the localization of the product encoded by baz. (792 aa) |
| | Xpd | Xeroderma pigmentosum D (Xpd) encodes a DNA helicase that is a subunit of the basal transcription and DNA repair factor TFIIH. (769 aa) |
| | dany | Distal antenna-young (dany) encodes a chromatin-binding protein required in spermatocytes for a normal gene expression profile, meiosis and sperm production. (275 aa) |
| | Cdk9 | Positive transcription elongation factor b small subunit; Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9) encodes a cyclin dependent kinase that along with the product of CycT forms the positive transcription elongation factor, which is involved in RNA polymerase II elongation control. (404 aa) |
| | pita | Pita, isoform A; Pita (pita) encodes an architectural chromatin protein essential for embryonic development that organizes open chromatin in the regulatory regions (predominantly promoters). pita product functions include enhancer blocking, support of distant interactions, protection from spreading of repressed chromatin and recruitment of transcription factors. (683 aa) |
| | Lpt | Lost PHDs of trr (Lpt) encodes a core component of COMPASS-like nuclear receptor coactivator complexes. It is involved in histone methylation and dpp/BMP signaling regulation. (1482 aa) |
| | uri | Unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor-like protein; Inhibits the activity of serine/threonine-protein phosphatases flw/PP1beta9C and Pp1-87B. Required for germ line cell viability and differentiation, normal transcriptional activity and maintenance of DNA integrity. (731 aa) |
| | Pof | Protein painting of fourth; Probable RNA-binding protein that specifically binds to the fourth chromosome and may bind an RNA that spreads the fourth chromosome. May be a reminiscence of X chromosome dosage compensation of ancestral Drosophila species in which the X and the fourth chromosomes are one single chromosome. (495 aa) |
| | bab2 | Protein bric-a-brac 2; Bric a brac 2 (bab2) encodes a transcriptional regulator that functions partially redundantly with the product of bab1. It is part of the conserved proximal-distal gene regulatory network module. It contributes to pattern formation, ovary morphogenesis, abdominal pigmentation and olfactory receptor neuron fate diversity. (1067 aa) |
| | dre4 | FACT complex subunit spt16; Component of the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. During transcription elongation the FACT complex acts as a histone chaperone that both destabilizes and restores nucleosomal structure. It facilitates the passage of RNA polymerase II and transcription by promoting the dissociation of one histone H2A-H2B dimer from the nucleosome, then subsequently promotes the reestablishment o [...] (1122 aa) |
| | Rcd5 | Reduction in Cnn dots 5 (Rcd5) encodes a protein that belongs to the family of forkhead-associated domain proteins. As part of the non-specific lethal complex, it regulates transcription of housekeeping genes by facilitating recruitment of RNA polymerase II to promoters. During mitosis it plays a key role in chromosomal-dependent microtubule assembly, centriole duplication and pericentriolar material maturation. (578 aa) |
| | HDAC1 | Histone deacetylase HDAC1; Catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N- terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation may constitute a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. For instance, deacetylation of histone H3 may be a prerequisite for the subsequent recruitment of the histone methyltransferase Su(var)3-9 to histones. Involved in position-effect variegation (PEV). In the larval brain, part of a regulatory network including the transcript [...] (521 aa) |
| | RpII215 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cl [...] (1887 aa) |
| | Usp7 | Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7; Hydrolase that deubiquitinates target proteins. (1129 aa) |
| | TH1 | Negative elongation factor D; TH1 (TH1) encodes one of four subunits that constitutes the NELF complex. The NELF complex along with DSIF causes RNA polymerase II to pause 20 to 50 nucleotides downstream from the transcription start site of most and possibly all actively transcribed genes in a process commonly called promoter proximal pausing. (578 aa) |
| | kto | Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 12; Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in regulated gene transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. Required for leg and ey [...] (2531 aa) |
| | asf1 | Histone chaperone asf1; Histone chaperone that facilitates histone deposition and histone exchange and removal during nucleosome assembly and disassembly. Cooperates with chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) to promote replication-dependent chromatin assembly. Plays a role in the formation of silent heterochromatin. (218 aa) |
| | sens | Zinc finger protein sens; Transcription factor both necessary and sufficient for proper development of most cell types of the embryonic and adult peripheral nervous system (PNS). Essential component of the proneural Notch signaling pathway required for proper sensory organ precursor (SOP) differentiation. Correct expression requires expression of scalloped (sd). Repression of rough (ro) in R8 photoreceptor is an essential mechanism of R8 cell fate determination. (541 aa) |
| | Gcn5 | Gcn5 acetyltransferase (Gcn5) encodes a lysine acetyltransferase subunit of several chromatin modifying complexes. It contributes to oogenesis and metamorphosis. (813 aa) |
| | SuUR | Protein suppressor of underreplication; Required for underreplication of DNA, which is found in many late replicating euchromatic regions of salivary gland polytene chromosomes. Functions by promoting the localization and retention of Rif1 to active DNA replication forks where Rif1 inhibits replication fork progression. Controls chromatin organization in polytene chromosomes. (962 aa) |
| | msl-3 | Protein male-specific lethal-3; Male-specific lethal 3 (msl-3) encodes a chromodomain protein, reported to interact with H3K36me3, H4K20me1 and DNA. It is a member of the Male-Specific-Lethal dosage compensation complex, which increases male X chromosome transcription approximately two-fold. Homozygous mutant males die as larvae, while females are viable. (512 aa) |
| | Elba2 | Early boundary activity protein 2; The heterotrimeric Elba complex is required for chromatin domain boundary function during early embryogenesis. It binds to a 8-bp sequence 5'-CCAATAAG-3' in the Fab-7 insulator or boundary element in the bithorax complex and contributes to its insulator or boundary activity. Elba2 can act as a transcriptional repressor and binds the palindromic sequence 5'-CCAATTGG-3' to mediate transcriptional repression. (381 aa) |
| | ebi | F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein ebi; F-box-like component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes; involved in R7 photoreceptor cell differentiation, cone cell development and neuronal cell cycle control. E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes mediate ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Required for specification of R7 photoreceptor cell fate in the eye by participating in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Tramtrack (ttk), a general inhibitor of photoreceptor differentiation. Required to block the S phase entry in the peripheral [...] (700 aa) |
| | pzg | Putzig, isoform A; Putzig (pzg) encodes a nuclear protein that is involved in chromatin activation of replication related genes and signalling pathways including Notch, Ecdysone and JAK/STAT. It regulates growth, cell death and various developmental processes. (996 aa) |
| | Cdk12 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 12; Cyclin-dependent kinase which displays CTD kinase activity: hyperphosphorylates the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit, thereby acting as a key regulator of transcription elongation; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. (1157 aa) |
| | Pc | Polycomb group protein Pc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Component of the PcG multiprotein PRC1 complex, a complex that acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-118', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Promotes locus-specif [...] (390 aa) |
| | Rm62 | ATP-dependent RNA helicase p62; As an RNA helicase, unwinds RNA and alters RNA structures through ATP binding and hydrolysis. Involved in multiple cellular processes, including pre-mRNA splicing, alternative splicing, rRNA processing and miRNA processing, as well as transcription regulation (By similarity). Plays a role in innate immunity. Specifically restricts bunyavirus infection, including Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) or La Crosse virus (LACV), but not vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), in an interferon- and DROSHA-independent manner. (719 aa) |
| | Marcal1 | SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A-like protein 1; Marcal1 (Marcal1) encodes an ATP-dependent DNA annealing helicase that recognizes single-stranded to double-stranded DNA transitions. It maintains genomic integrity through its roles in DNA repair, DNA replication, DNA recombination and gene expression; Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. SMARCAL1 subfamily. (755 aa) |
| | CG31917 | RE52596p2; Nucleosome binding; histone deacetylase binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: regulation of histone deacetylation; histone exchange. (151 aa) |
| | Trf | TBP-related factor (Trf) is ubiquitiously expressed but upregulated in the central nervous system and the gonads of developing Drosophila. The majority of the product of Trf substitutes for the product of Tbp in Pol III transcription in complex with the product of Brf. The rest of the product of Trf initiates transcription of a small subset of PolII-transcribed genes regulating fly fertility and nervous system function. (224 aa) |
| | Su(var)205 | Heterochromatin protein 1; Structural component of heterochromatin, involved in gene repression and the modification of position-effect-variegation. Recognizes and binds histone H3 tails methylated at 'Lys-9', leading to epigenetic repression. (206 aa) |
| | D12 | D12 (D12) encodes a protein involved in chromatin remodeling and histone acetylation. (969 aa) |
| | Dref | DNA replication-related element factor (Dref) encodes a BED finger-type transcription factor that binds to the DRE sequence (TATCGATA). The Dref product is involved in tumor suppressor, TOR, JNK and EGFR signalling pathways. It also plays a role in chromatin organization including insulator function, chromatin remodeling, and telomere maintenance. (709 aa) |
| | Utx | Utx histone demethylase (Utx) encodes a Jumonji C containing protein that catalyzes the removal of methyl groups from Histone H3 lysine 27. Together with the products of trr and Lpt, it is thought to regulate chromatin structure at transcriptional enhancers. (1136 aa) |
| | abo | Abnormal oocyte (abo) encodes a negative regulator of histone transcription genes by its binding to their regulatory regions. abo mutations cause a maternal-effect lethality that can be rescued by specific regions of heterochromatin during early embryogenesis. (539 aa) |
| | esc | Polycomb protein esc; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' residues of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting that the recruitme [...] (425 aa) |
| | Rpb3 | RNA polymerase II 33kD subunit; DNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity; RNA polymerase II activity; protein dimerization activity; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: transcription by RNA polymerase II; cellular response to heat. (275 aa) |
| | Su(H) | Suppressor of hairless protein; Transcriptional regulator that plays a central role in Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communication that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Binds directly the 5'-GTGRGAR-3' DNA consensus sequence, which is present in the regulatory region of several genes. Acts as a transcriptional repressor when it is not associated with Notch proteins. When associated with some Notch protein, it acts as a transcriptional activator that activates transcription of Notch target genes. Required for transcription of Sim. Spec [...] (594 aa) |
| | vig | Vasa intronic gene (vig) encodes a protein involved in RNA interference and heterochromatin organization. (490 aa) |
| | D1 | D1 chromosomal protein (D1) encodes a multi-AT-hook chromosomal protein that associates with AT-rich satellites, including the SAT-III repeats of the X-chromosome. The product of D1 binds to the minor-groove of the DNA and favors heterochromatin-mediated gene repression involving its interaction with topoisomerase II. (355 aa) |
| | Scm | Polycomb protein Scm; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility; Belongs to the SCM family. (877 aa) |
| | jumu | Jumeau (jumu) encodes a multi-functional transcription factor that acts upstream of a Polo-kinase dependent pathway in one report. Its roles include asymmetric protein localization, chromatin modification, dendrite formation and organ (eye, wing and bristle) development. (719 aa) |
| | Sbf | SET domain binding factor, isoform A. (1993 aa) |
| | Pp1-87B | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase alpha-2 isoform; Is essential for the regulation of mitotic chromosomal segregation as well as regulation of chromatin condensation during interphase; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily. (302 aa) |
| | MBD-R2 | MBD-R2 (MBD-R2) encodes a Zinc finger C2H2 transcription factor. It is a component of nonspecific lethal (NSL) complex involved in transcriptional activation. (1169 aa) |
| | sqd | RNA-binding protein squid; This protein is a component of ribonucleosomes. Could be needed to organize a concentration gradient of a dorsalizing morphogen (Dm) originating in the germinal vesicle. At least one of the isoforms is essential in somatic tissues. (344 aa) |
| | Orc2 | Origin recognition complex subunit 2; Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent, however specific DNA sequences that define origins of replication have not been identified so far. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication. (618 aa) |
| | PR-Set7 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase PR-Set7; Histone methyltransferase that specifically monomethylates 'Lys-20' of histone H4. H4 'Lys-20' monomethylation is enriched during mitosis and represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Mainly functions in euchromatin regions, thereby playing a central role in the silencing of euchromatic genes. Required for cell proliferation, possibly by contributing to the maintenance of proper higher-order structure of DNA and chromosome condensation during mitosis; Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfa [...] (691 aa) |
| | trx | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase trithorax; Histone methyltransferase that trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me3). H3 'Lys-9' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Functions in segment determination through interaction with genes of bithorax (BX-C) and antennapedia (ANT-C) complexes. Acts as an activator of BX-C. Involved in the very early regulation of homeotic genes expressed only in the posterior region of the embryo. (3726 aa) |
| | Caf1-55 | Probable histone-binding protein Caf1; Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin assembly factors, chromatin remodeling factors and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA. Component of several complexes which regulate chromatin metabolism. These include the chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) complex, which is required for chromatin assembly following DNA replication and DNA repair; the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex (the NuRD complex), which promotes transcriptional repression by histone deacetylati [...] (430 aa) |
| | Cp190 | Centrosome-associated zinc finger protein CP190; Component of the gypsy chromatin insulator complex which is required for the function of the gypsy chromatin insulator and other endogenous chromatin insulators. Chromatin insulators are regulatory elements which establish independent domains of transcriptional activity within eukaryotic genomes. Insulators have two defining properties; they can block the communication between an enhancer and a promoter when placed between them and can also buffer transgenes from position effect variegation (PEV). Insulators are proposed to structure the [...] (1096 aa) |
| | Ubx | Homeotic protein ultrabithorax; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds the consensus region 5'-TTAAT[GT][GA]-3'. This homeotic protein controls development of the cells in the posterior thoracic and first abdominal segments. It activates the synthesis of the decapentaplegic (DPP) growth factor; Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. (389 aa) |
| | abd-A | Homeobox protein abdominal-A; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Required for segmental identity of the second through eighth abdominal segments. Once a pattern of abd-A expression is turned on in a given parasegment, it remains on the more posterior parasegment, so that the complex pattern of expression is built up in the successive parasegments. Appears to repress expression of Ubx whenever they appear in the same cell, but abd-A is repressed [...] (590 aa) |
| | Keap1 | Keap1, isoform B; Keap1 (Keap1) encodes a protein that interacts with the product of cnc to regulate the activation of genes by oxidative stress. (776 aa) |
| | Ino80 | Chromatin-remodeling ATPase INO80; INO80 complex subunit (Ino80) encodes a component of the INO80 chromatin remodelling complex that interacts with Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins. It is involved in the regulation of homeotic gene expression and regression of ecdysone dependent transcription; Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. (1638 aa) |
| | mod(mdg4) | Modifier of mdg4; Component of the gypsy chromatin insulator complex which is required for the function of the gypsy chromatin insulator and other endogenous chromatin insulators. Chromatin insulators are regulatory elements which establish independent domains of transcriptional activity within eukaryotic genomes. Insulators have two defining properties; they can block the communication between an enhancer and a promoter when placed between them and can also buffer transgenes from position effect variegation (PEV). Insulators are proposed to structure the chromatin fiber into independe [...] (610 aa) |
| | tHMG1 | Testis-enriched HMG-box-containing protein 1 (tHMG1) encodes a chromosomal protein involved in spermatogenesis. (126 aa) |
| | HP1c | Heterochromatin Protein 1c (HP1c) encodes a chromatin binding protein that is involved in telomere capping and transcription regulation and interacts with the zinc-finger proteins encoded by woc and row. (237 aa) |
| | Nup98-96 | Nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96; Part of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Required for MAD import as part of the Nup107-160 complex and required for nuclear export of Moe probably via its association with Rae1. Plays a role in nuclear mRNA export. Promotes cell antiviral response by upregulating FoxK-dependent antiviral gene transcription. In germline stem cells, involved in their maintenance and division together with the TGF-Beta and EGFR signaling pathways. In larval lymph glands, has a role in the maintenance of hematopoiesis by regulating Pvr expression. [Nuclear pore comp [...] (1960 aa) |
| | SMC1 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes 1 (SMC1) encodes an ATPase that heterodimerizes with the product of SMC3 to interact with the products of vtd and SA to form the cohesin ring complex. Cohesin encircles sister chromatids after DNA replication and has multiple roles in the regulation of gene expression and DNA repair. (1238 aa) |
| | ash2 | Set1/Ash2 histone methyltransferase complex subunit ASH2; Transcriptional regulator. Regulates a number of genes involved in wing development including activation of net and bs and repression of rho and kni and controls vein-intervein patterning during wing development. Required for correct expression of a number of homeotic genes including Scr in the first leg imaginal disk and Ubx in the third leg imaginal disk and haltere disks. Required for stabilization of the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase trr and for trimethylation of 'Lys-4' of histone H3. Plays a role in maintenance of tra [...] (556 aa) |
| | vig2 | Vig2, isoform B; Vig2 (vig2) encodes a protein involved in heterochromatin organization, histone H3-K9 methylation and chromatin silencing regulation. (443 aa) |
| | Mocs2B | Molybdopterin synthase catalytic subunit; Catalytic subunit of the molybdopterin synthase complex, a complex that catalyzes the conversion of precursor Z into molybdopterin. Acts by mediating the incorporation of 2 sulfur atoms from thiocarboxylated Mocs2A into precursor Z to generate a dithiolene group; Belongs to the MoaE family. MOCS2B subfamily. (367 aa) |
| | l(3)mbt | Lethal (3) malignant brain tumor (l(3)mbt) encodes a tumor suppressor protein regulating proliferation in the brain, particularly the optic lobes. The proposed functions of the product of l(3)mbt include histone compaction, establishment of chromatin insulators, regulation of the Hippo pathway and repression of the germ line program in somatic cells. (1477 aa) |
| | NSD | Probable histone-lysine N-methyltransferase Mes-4; Probable histone methyltransferase. Histone methylation gives specific tags for epigenetic transcriptional activation or repression (By similarity); Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SET2 subfamily. (1427 aa) |
| | Hrb98DE | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein at 98DE (Hrb98DE) encodes a nuclear RNA-binding protein. It controls hnRNA stability, splicing, IRES-dependent translation, and translational repression. It represents one of the main targets of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation pathway. It also regulates tissue polarity patterning and germ-line stem cell fate. (365 aa) |
| | Sry-delta | Serendipity locus protein delta; Transcriptional activator that controls bicoid gene expression during oogenesis. Found in transcriptionally active cells. Binds to specific sites on polytene chromosomes of third instar larvae. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-YTAGAGATGGRAA-3'. (433 aa) |
| | ZIPIC | Zinc-finger protein interacting with CP190 (ZIPIC) encodes a promoter-binding transcription factor that displays architectural and insulator functions. (457 aa) |
| | ttk | Protein tramtrack, alpha isoform; Binds to a number of sites in the transcriptional regulatory region of ftz. Isoform alpha is required to repress genes that promote the R7 cell fate. Probable repressor of the transcription of the segmentation genes ftz, eve, h, odd, run, and en. May bind to the region 5'-AGGG[CT]GG-3'. Degradation of ttk is directed by binding of sinah or sina, via the adapter molecule phyl which binds to the BTB domain of ttk. (813 aa) |
| | His2A:CG31618 | Histone H2A; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG31613 | Histone H3; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa) |
| | mle | Dosage compensation regulator; Required in males for dosage compensation of X chromosome linked genes. Mle, msl-1 and msl-3 are colocalized on X chromosome. Each of the msl proteins requires all the other msls for wild-type X- chromosome binding. Probably unwinds double-stranded DNA and RNA in a 3' to 5' direction; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. (1293 aa) |
| | Spt5 | Transcription elongation factor SPT5; Component of the DRB sensitivity-inducing factor complex (DSIF complex), which regulates transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. DSIF enhances transcriptional pausing at sites proximal to the promoter, which may facilitate the assembly of an elongation competent RNA polymerase II complex. DSIF may also promote transcriptional elongation within coding regions. DSIF is required for the transcriptional induction of heat shock response genes and regulation of genes which control anterior-posterior patterning during embryonic development; Belongs [...] (1078 aa) |
| | lolal | Longitudinals lacking protein-like; Required, together with Trl, for maintaining the repressed state of target genes including homeotic genes Scr and Ubx. May also be involved in the activation of homeotic genes. Binds to a DNA Polycomb response element (PRE) at the bithorax complex. Also binds to polytene chromosomes at several hundred sites, many of which are shared with Trl and ph-p. Required during embryonic development. (127 aa) |
| | BEAF-32 | Boundary element-associated factor of 32kD (BEAF-32) encodes a DNA-binding protein with binding sites near transcription start sites. Its roles include chromatin domain insulator function, gene regulation and genome organization. (283 aa) |
| | Su(var)2-HP2 | Su(Var)2-HP2, isoform A; Su(var)2-HP2 (Su(var)2-HP2) encodes a chromosomal protein that interacts with the product of Su(var)205 and is found most closely associated with centromeric heterochromatin, telomeres and the fourth chromosome. Lack of Su(var)2-HP2 can cause mitotic abnormalities and suppress position-effect variegation. (3257 aa) |
| | spt4 | Transcription elongation factor SPT4; Component of the DRB sensitivity-inducing factor complex (DSIF complex), which regulates transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. DSIF enhances transcriptional pausing at sites proximal to the promoter, which may facilitate the assembly of an elongation competent RNA polymerase II complex. DSIF may also promote transcriptional elongation within coding regions. DSIF is required for the transcriptional induction of heat shock response genes and regulation of genes which control anterior-posterior patterning during embryonic development (By simi [...] (116 aa) |
| | Iswi | Chromatin-remodeling complex ATPase chain Iswi; Energy-transducing component of the chromatin-remodeling complexes NURF (nucleosome-remodeling factor), ACF (ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor), and CHRAC (chromatin accessibility complex). NURF catalyzes ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding and facilitates transcription of chromatin. It is required for homeotic gene expression, proper larval blood cell development, normal male X chromosome morphology, ecdysteroid signaling and metamorphosis. (1027 aa) |
| | ADD1 | ADD domain-containing protein 1 (ADD1) encodes a strong Heterochromatin Protein 1 interactor that interacts with methylated H3K9 silencing marks in heterochromatin. (1199 aa) |
| | Nup50 | Nuclear pore complex protein Nup50; Component of the nuclear pore complex that has a direct role in nuclear protein import (By similarity). Actively displaces NLSs from importin-alpha, and facilitates disassembly of the importin-alpha:beta- cargo complex and importin recycling (By similarity). Binds to transcriptionally active chromatin sites when located in the nucleoplasm and is involved in transcriptional activation. (564 aa) |
| | Rpt1 | 26S proteasome regulatory complex subunit p48B; Regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 1 (Rpt1) encodes an AAA-type ATPase protein that forms part of the heterohexameric ATPase ring of the regulatory complex of the 26S proteasome. (433 aa) |
| | pho | Polycomb protein PHO; Polycomb group (PcG) protein that binds to the 5'- CNGCCATNNNNG-3' sequence found in the regulatory regions of many genes. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Probably targets the Esc/E(z) complex to DNA. Necessary but no [...] (520 aa) |
| | MED26 | Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 26; Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity). Required [...] (1483 aa) |
| | osa | Trithorax group protein osa; Trithorax group (trxG) protein required for embryonic segmentation, development of the notum and wing margin, and photoreceptor differentiation. Required for the activation of genes such as Antp, Ubx and Eve. Binds to DNA without specific affinity, suggesting that it is recruited to promoters by promoter-specific proteins. Essential component of the Brahma complex, a multiprotein complex which is the equivalent of the yeast SWI/SNF complex and acts by remodeling the chromatin by catalyzing an ATP-dependent alteration in the structure of nucleosomal DNA. Thi [...] (2716 aa) |
| | scf | Supercoiling factor (scf) encodes two polypeptides: DCB45 and its N-teminally truncated form Scf. Scf is a nuclear protein that introduces negative supercoils into DNA in conjunction with topoisomerase II. DCB45 is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein. (329 aa) |
| | CrebA | Cyclic-AMP response element binding protein A (CrebA) encodes a leucine-zipper transcription factor that upregulates genes encoding protein components of the canonical secretory pathway and tissue-specific genes in the salivary gland and epidermis. (516 aa) |
| | Mlf | Myeloid leukemia factor; Transcription factor binding; chaperone binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis; protein stabilization; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; positive regulation of crystal cell differentiation. (376 aa) |
| | Myb | Myb protein; DNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes the sequence 5'-YAAC[GT]G-3'. Component of the DREAM complex, a multiprotein complex that can both act as a transcription activator or repressor depending on the context. In follicle cells, the complex plays a central role in the site-specific DNA replication at the chorion loci. During development, the complex represses transcription of developmentally controlled E2F target genes. (657 aa) |
| | His3:CG33803 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His3:CG33806 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33808 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33809 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His3:CG33812 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33814 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33815 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33817 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33818 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33820 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33821 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33823 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33824 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33826 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33827 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33829 | Protein heterodimerization activity; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33830 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33832 | Protein heterodimerization activity; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33833 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33835 | Protein heterodimerization activity; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33836 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33838 | Protein heterodimerization activity; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33839 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33841 | Protein heterodimerization activity; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33842 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33844 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33845 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33847 | Protein heterodimerization activity; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33848 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33850 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33851 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His3:CG33854 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His3:CG33857 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His3:CG33860 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33862 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33863 | Nucleosomal DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | His2A:CG33865 | DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. It is involved in the biological process described with: chromatin organization. (124 aa) |
| | His3:CG33866 | Protein heterodimerization activity; nucleosomal DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: nucleosome assembly. (136 aa) |
| | peb | Pebbled, isoform A; Pebbled (peb) encodes a protein that acts as a tissue-specific transcriptional attenuator. It contributes to embryonic morphogenesis and development of ovary, retina and respiratory system. (1894 aa) |
| | Top1 | DNA topoisomerase 1; Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex (By similarity). Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA (By similarity). The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(3'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 5'-OH DNA strand (By similarity). The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unb [...] (974 aa) |
| | Ada2b | Transcriptional adapter 2B; Required for the function of some acidic activation domains, which activate transcription from a distant site. Binds double-stranded DNA. Binds dinucleosomes, probably at the linker region between neighboring nucleosomes. Plays a role in chromatin remodeling. (555 aa) |
| | Mi-2 | Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein Mi-2 homolog; Mi-2 (Mi-2) encodes a nuclear ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeler of the CHD family. It associates with active chromatin and utilizes the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move nucleosomes along DNA. It is required for repression of cell type-specific genes, full activation of heat shock genes and regulates higher order chromatin structure of polytene chromosomes. (1983 aa) |
| | Hsf | Heat shock factor protein; DNA-binding protein that specifically binds heat shock promoter elements (HSE) and activates transcription. In higher eukaryotes, HSF is unable to bind to the HSE unless the cells are heat shocked. (733 aa) |
| | Nipped-B | Nipped-B protein; Plays a structural role in chromatin. Involved in sister chromatid cohesion, probably via an interaction with the cohesin complex. Participates in the transcriptional activation mediated by remote enhancers on genes such as cut and Ubx, possibly by alleviating the cohesin-mediated blocking of enhancer-promoter communication. Belongs to the SCC2/Nipped-B family. (2077 aa) |
| | egg | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase eggless; Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 in ovary. H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting Su(var)205/HP1 to methylated histones. Plays a central role during oogenesis; Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. Suvar3-9 subfamily. (1262 aa) |
| | woc | Without children (woc) encodes a chromatin-binding factor related to the mammalian MYM-type family of transcription factors. It is involved in telomere capping, regulation of transcription, ecdysone biosynthesis and germline stem cell differentiation. (1703 aa) |
| | vtd | Rad21 mitotic cohesin; Verthandi (vtd) encodes a subunit of the cohesin complex, which encircles sister chromatids after DNA replication and has multiple roles in the regulation of gene expression and DNA repair. (715 aa) |
| | Set1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD1; Catalytic component of the SET1 complex that specifically di- and trimethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3 and is the main di- and trimethyltransferase throughout development. Set1-dependent trimethylation regulates chromatin changes at active promoters that ensure optimal RNA polymerase II release into productive elongation, thereby contributing to optimal transcription. (1641 aa) |
| | Parp | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase; Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP- ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair. Mainly mediates glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation of target proteins: the ADP-D-ribosyl group of NAD(+) is transferred to the acceptor carboxyl group of glutamate and aspartate residues and further ADP- ribosyl groups are transferred to the 2'-position of the terminal adenosine moiety, building up a polymer with an average chain length of 20-30 units. (994 aa) |
| | Dsp1 | High mobility group protein DSP1; Binds preferentially single-stranded DNA and unwinds double- stranded DNA. (397 aa) |
| | MEP-1 | MEP-1, isoform A; MEP-1 (MEP-1) encodes a zinc finger protein that associates with the ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeler encoded by Mi-2. It cooperates with the product of Mi-2 in the repression of cell type-specific genes. (1152 aa) |
| | moi | Modigliani (moi) encodes a fast evolving, not evolutionary conserved, protein required for telomere maintenance. It is a member of terminin capping-complex that prevents telomere fusions. (178 aa) |
| | Trf2 | TATA box binding protein-related factor 2 (Trf2) encodes a core promoter recognition factor that mediates gene transcription. It contributes to spiracle morphogenesis, pupal development and salivary gland cell death. (1715 aa) |
| | mip120 | Protein lin-54 homolog; Component of the DREAM complex, a multiprotein complex that can both act as a transcription activator or repressor depending on the context. In follicle cells, the complex plays a central role in the site-specific DNA replication at the chorion loci. During development, the complex represses transcription of developmentally controlled E2F target genes. (952 aa) |
| | tHMG2 | Testis-enriched HMG-box-containing protein 2 (tHMG2) encodes a chromosomal protein involved in spermatogenesis. (134 aa) |
| | Mhc | Myosin heavy chain (Mhc) encodes the motor protein that provides the force for muscle contraction through its ATP-dependent interaction with actin filaments. It functions with essential and regulatory light chains. (1962 aa) |
| | EcR | Ecdysone receptor (EcR) encodes a protein that interacts with the product of usp to form the nuclear ecdysone receptor heterodimer, which modulates, in conjunction with co-activators and co-repressors, the activities of hundreds of genes in a tissue- and stage-specific way. EcR is widely expressed in embryonic and larval tissues and in some adult tissues where its activities (modulated by the hormone ecdysone) trigger both molting and metamorphosis. (878 aa) |
| | akirin | Akirin; Required for embryonic development and for normal innate immune response. Effector of immune deficiency pathway (Imd) acting either downstream of, or at the level of, the NF-kappa-B factor Relish (Rel). Not part of the Toll pathway. NF-kappa-B factor Relish (Rel) cofactor that orchestrates NF-kappa-B factor Relish (Rel) transcriptional selectivity by recruiting the Osa-containing- SWI/SNF-like Brahma complex (BAP) through bap60 interaction, leading to activation a subset of NF-kappa-B factor Relish (Rel) effector genes. (201 aa) |
| | nej | Nejire, isoform C; Nejire (nej) encodes the transcriptional co-activator CBP. It acetylates several nuclear proteins, including the histone encoded by His3 on K18, K27, and H4 on K8. By regulating gene expression, the product of nej has roles in cell proliferation, cell signaling and differentiation, and in developmental patterning. (3282 aa) |
| | Nipped-A | Transcription-associated protein 1; Part of the Tip60 chromatin-remodeling complex which is involved in DNA repair. Upon induction of DNA double- strand breaks, this complex acetylates phosphorylated H2AV in nucleosomes and exchanges it with unmodified H2AV. During wing development, required for activity of Notch and its coactivator mam. Function in promoting mam function is likely to involve both the Tip60 and SAGA complexes. (3790 aa) |
| | Ndf | Putative oxidoreductase GLYR1 homolog; Nucleosome-destabilizing factor that is recruited to genes during transcriptional activation and colocalizes with a subset of trimethylated 'Lys-36' histone H3 (H3K36me3)-enriched regions. Binds DNA (in vitro). Facilitates Pol II transcription through nucleosomes. Facilitates male-specific lethal (MSL) histone acetyltransferase complex targeting to active genes on the X chromosome. Stimulates the acetylation of 'Lys-56' of nucleosomal histone H3 (H3K56ac) by nej. May have oxidoreductase activity (By similarity). (603 aa) |
| | Sin3A | Sin3A, isoform G; Sin3A (Sin3A) encodes a chromatin regulator with roles during muscle development, cell migration and Wnt signalling regulation. (2066 aa) |
| | Skeletor | Protein Skeletor, isoforms D/E; Skeletor (Skeletor) encodes a protein that localizes to chromosomes at interphase and interacts directly with the product of Chro to mark regions of open chromatin. It forms part of a matrix embedding the microtubule spindle apparatus, which is important for normal cell cycle progression and functions as a spatial regulator of cell cycle factors. (1503 aa) |
| | Chd1 | Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1; ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factor which functions as substrate recognition component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex SAGA. Regulates polymerase II transcription. Also required for efficient transcription by RNA polymerase I, and more specifically the polymerase I transcription termination step. Regulates negatively DNA replication. Not only involved in transcription-related chromatin remodeling, but also required to maintain a specific chromatin configuration across the genome (By similarity). Involv [...] (1900 aa) |
| | ash1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase ash1; Trithorax group (TrxG) protein that has histone methyltransferase activity. Specifically trimethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. TrxG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally active state of homeotic genes throughout development. Does not act as a coactivator required for transcriptional activation, but specifically prevents inappropriate Polycomb Group (PcG) silencing of homeotic genes in cells in which they must stay transcriptionally active. Belongs to t [...] (2226 aa) |
| | pds5 | Precocious dissociation of sisters 5 (pds5) encodes a protein that interacts with the product of wapl to form the releasin complex, which enables sister chromatid separation at mitosis by removing the cohesin ring complex from chromosomes. The product of pds5 influences gene activation and silencing through interactions with cohesin. It is also required to initiate and/or maintain sister chromatid cohesion. (1218 aa) |
| | lawc | Leg arista wing complex, isoform A. (73 aa) |
| | east | Enhanced adult sensory threshold (east) encodes a ubiquitous protein localized to an extrachromosomal domain of the nucleus. It is involved in chemosensory behavior, chromosome segregation during cell division, cell survival and muscle development. (2342 aa) |
| | corto | Centrosomal and chromosomal factor; Corto (corto) encodes an Enhancer of Trithorax and Polycomb (ETP) protein that physically interacts with several Polycomb proteins (encoded by Pc, ph-d, ph-p, esc, E(z)) and ETP (encoded by Trl, Dsp1). It also interacts with the product of CycG, with the methylated product of RpL12 (RPL12K3me3), and co-regulates the transcription of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. (550 aa) |
| | B52 | Serine-arginine protein 55; Essential for development. May have a critical role in splicing or in controlling alternative splice site use of at least some pre-mRNA in vivo. Not required for all splicing. May play a general role in the condensation or decondensation of chromatin. (355 aa) |
| | nsl1 | Non-specific lethal 1, isoform M; Non-specific lethal 1 (nsl1) encodes a H4 histone acetyltransferase involved in muscle development, oogenesis and regulation of endocytosis. (1570 aa) |
| | su(Hw) | Protein suppressor of hairy wing; Component of the gypsy chromatin insulator complex which is required for the function of the gypsy chromatin insulator and other endogenous chromatin insulators. Chromatin insulators are regulatory elements which establish independent domains of transcriptional activity within eukaryotic genomes. Insulators have two defining properties; they can block the communication between an enhancer and a promoter when placed between them and can also buffer transgenes from position effect variegation (PEV). Insulators are proposed to structure the chromatin fibe [...] (941 aa) |
| | Rpb4 | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit Rpb4; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Associates with POLR2G. (139 aa) |
| | Su(var)3-9 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase Su(var)3-9; Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 using monomethylated H3 'Lys-9' as substrate. H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting Su(var)205/HP1 to methylated histones. Mainly functions in heterochromatin regions, thereby playing a central role in the establishment of constitutive heterochromatin at pericentric regions. Involved in heterochromatic gene silencing including the modification of position-effect-variegation. Belongs to the cl [...] (635 aa) |
| | REG | Proteasome regulator dREG; REG (REG) encodes an endopeptidase regulator involved in the regulation of the mitotic G1/S transition and proteasomal protein catabolism. (245 aa) |
| | Asciz | ASCIZ zinc finger protein (Asciz) encodes a transcription factor that regulates the expression of ctp, which encodes a LC8 dynein light chain. The product of Asciz is involved in dynein motor functions, including mitotic chromosome segregation, and dynein-independent functions, such as patterning of cell cycles and apoptosis during development. (388 aa) |
| | Pcl | Polycomb protein Pcl; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' residues of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting that the recruitme [...] (1043 aa) |
| | brm | ATP-dependent helicase brm; Transcriptional regulator. Acts as a coactivator, assisting one or more dedicated transcriptional activators of ANTC and BXC homeotic gene clusters. Can counteract the repressive effect of Polycomb protein. ATPase subunit of the Brahma complex, a multiprotein complex which is the equivalent of the yeast SWI/SNF complex and acts by remodeling the chromatin by catalyzing an ATP-dependent alteration in the structure of nucleosomal DNA. This complex can both serve as a transcriptional coactivator or corepressor, depending on the context. In type II neuroblast li [...] (1658 aa) |
| | Adf1 | Transcription factor Adf-1; May play an important role not only in the regulation of Adh expression but also in the transcription of other genes. (274 aa) |
| | fkh | Fork head (fkh) encodes a winged-helix nuclear transcription factor most studied for its role in salivary gland formation, where it is required for salivary gland viability, invagination, and maintaining expression of other early-expressed salivary gland transcription factors. It works with the product of sage to activate expression of salivary gland specific gene products, such as secreted proteins and their modifying enzymes. (692 aa) |
| | cnc | Segmentation protein cap'n'collar; Plays a role in posterior cephalic patterning. Probable subunit of a heterodimeric regulatory protein involved in the control of head morphogenesis. Isoform B may have a repressive effect on Dfd response elements, thereby modifying the activity and specificity of the Hox system and moving the body anterior/posterior axis. (1430 aa) |
| | Spps | Sp1-like factor for pairing sensitive-silencing (Spps) encodes a zinc-finger protein in the Sp1/KLF family. It binds to Polycomb response elements, and is required for the recruitment of Polycomb group proteins to some of them. (985 aa) |
| | Eip93F | Ecdysone-induced protein 93F, isoform C; Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Eip93F) encodes a DNA binding protein that plays an. (1188 aa) |
| | br | Broad-complex core protein isoform 6; Broad-complex proteins are required for puffing and transcription of salivary gland late genes during metamorphosis. (1011 aa) |
| | E(Pc) | Enhancer of Polycomb (E(Pc)) encodes a chromatin protein that functions as a suppressor of position-effect variegation. An unusual member of the Polycomb group; it does not exhibit homeotic transformations on its own, but rather enhances mutations in other Polycomb group genes. It forms part of the TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex, which has been involved in many processes, including both transcriptional activation and repression. (2097 aa) |
| | z | Regulatory protein zeste; Zeste (z) encodes a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. It is often found in the proximal promoter region of many genes where it helps to recruit the BRM nucleosome remodeling complex. It is best known for the pairing-dependent repressive effects produced by some of its mutants on target genes, especially the w gene. (605 aa) |
| | Atxn7 | Ataxin 7 (Atxn7) encodes a component of the SAGA chromatin modifying complex, which is responsible for acetylation of histones and deubiquitination of the product of His2B at active promoters. The product of Atxn7 anchors the non-stop containing deubiquitinase module to the remainder of SAGA. Atxn7 is an essential gene for larval survival, neural development, and maintenance of neural tissues. (971 aa) |
| | Topors | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Topors; Functions as a ubiquitin-protein E3 ligase. Negatively regulates the transcriptional repressor h/hairy by promoting its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Also directs the nuclear organization of the gypsy chromatin insulator. Chromatin insulators are regulatory elements which establish independent domains of transcriptional activity within eukaryotic genomes. Insulators have two defining properties; they can block the communication between an enhancer and a promoter when placed between them, and can also buffer transgenes from position effec [...] (1038 aa) |
| | Deaf1 | Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor 1; Transcription factor that binds the homeotic Deformed (Dfd) response element. High affinity binding sites contain at least 1 TTCG motif surrounded by additional TCG sequences. May be involved in the selective action of Dfd on these sites without binding directly to the Dfd protein. Requirement of DEAF1 activity may be a common feature of enhancers targeted by Dfd. (576 aa) |
| | JIL-1 | Chromosomal serine/threonine-protein kinase JIL-1; Phosphorylates 'Ser-10' of histone H3. May regulate gene expression by establishing or maintaining the structure of more open chromatin regions. Also required for normal polytene chromosome structure, for oogenesis and for viability throughout development. Regulates the structure of polytene chromosomes in salivary glands. May phosphorylate 'Ser-1' of histone H2A. (1207 aa) |
| | Hsp83 | Heat shock protein 83; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co- chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Together with Hop and piwi, mediates canalization, also known as develop [...] (717 aa) |
| | G9a | G9a, isoform B; G9a (G9a) encodes a histone-lysine methyltransferase involved in epigenetic regulation. It contributes to multiple processes including gene expression, dendrite morphogenesis, larval locomotory behavior as well as short and long-term memory. (1657 aa) |
| | Trl | Transcription factor GAGA; Transcriptional activator that functions by regulating chromatin structure. Overcomes the repressive effects of chromatin by promoting the open chromatin conformation in promoter gene regions, thereby allowing access to other transcription factors. Binds to DNA Polycomb response elements (PREs) at the bithorax complex and to the proximal region of the engrailed promoter, and positively regulates transcription of many genes including homeotic ones. Binds to the DNA sequence (GA)n, with optimal binding to the pentamer 5'-GAGAG-3'. Binds DNA as an oligomer. May [...] (623 aa) |
| | Gug | Grunge, isoform J; Grunge (Gug) encodes a nuclear repressor protein that likely responds to Egfr signaling to control cell behavior for normal developmental patterning. (2007 aa) |
| | upSET | UpSET, isoform A; upSET (upSET) encodes a Polycomb/Trithorax-type global transcriptional regulator. It is recruited to active and inducible genes where it restricts chromatin accessibility and histone acetylation to promoter regions. upSET loss produces female sterility. (3146 aa) |
| | CycT | Cyclin-T; Regulatory subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase pair (CDK9/cyclin T) complex, also called positive transcription elongation factor B (P-TEFb), which is proposed to facilitate the transition from abortive to production elongation by phosphorylating the CTD (carboxy- terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II). (1097 aa) |
| | CycG | Cyclin G; Cyclin with roles in multiple processes including transcription, meiotic recombination repair, cell cycle regulation, and promotion of normal growth and metabolism. Binds to the promoter region of the homeobox gene Abd-B and is involved in maintaining Abd-B expression in the pupal epithelium. Involved in the transcriptional repression of the homeotic genes Scr and Ubx. Plays a role in meiotic recombination repair of DNA double-strand breaks which ensures efficient translation of grk and promotes grk activity in the oocyte, leading to oocyte dorso-ventral axis formation follow [...] (566 aa) |
| | His3.3A | Histone H3.3A; Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes and is specifically enriched in modifications associated with active chromatin. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular mach [...] (136 aa) |
| | Phf7 | PHD finger protein 7, isoform A; Histone binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: male germ-line cyst formation; positive regulation of gene expression; male germ-line sex determination. (520 aa) |
| | Smr | Smrter, isoform G; It is involved in the biological process described with: wing disc development; regulation of mitotic cell cycle; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; ovarian follicle cell development. (3607 aa) |
| | usp | Protein ultraspiracle; Receptor for ecdysone. May be an important modulator of insect metamorphosis. Plays an important part in embryonic and post- embryonic development. Binds to ecdysone response elements (ECRES) such as in the promoter region of s15 chorion gene; Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily. (508 aa) |
| | e(y)3 | Enhancer of yellow 3 (e(y)3) encodes a nuclear protein required for embryogenesis and oogenesis. It participates in gene activation in euchromatin as a component of both the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and the TFIID transcription coactivator. It also contributes to gene silencing in pericentric heterochromatin and is also a coactivator in the JAK/STAT pathway. (2012 aa) |
| | His2Av | Histone H2A.v; Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post- translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Acts as a Polycomb group (PcG) protein required to maintain the transcriptionally repre [...] (141 aa) |
| | Hrb87F | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein at 87F (Hrb87F) encodes a hnRNP-A family RNA-binding protein, involved in gene expression and RNA processing. It is an essential component of the nucleoplasmic omega speckles and necessary for telomere maintenance. Hrb87F null mutants show defects in development, female fertility and stress tolerance. (385 aa) |
| | MBD-like | Methyl-CpG binding domain protein-like (MBD-like) encodes a protein involved in chromosome condensation and transcription repression. (340 aa) |
| | Ada3 | Transcriptional Adaptor 3 (Ada3) encodes subunit of some chromatin modifying complexes. (588 aa) |
| | lin-52 | Lin-52 (lin-52) encodes a subunit of the MuvB core complex. The MuvB core binds to the oncoprotein encoded by Myb and the Rbf-E2f2-Dp tumor suppressor complex, thereby controlling the expression of many genes, including critical regulators of the cell cycle. (157 aa) |
| | mam | Neurogenic protein mastermind; Mastermind (mam) encodes a transcriptional coactivator that functions in the Notch signaling pathway. It regulates gene expression by interacting with the intracellular domain of the product of N, which is produced upon receptor activation. (1594 aa) |
| | His3.3B | Histone H3.3B (His3.3B) encodes one of two single copy histone H3 variants. His3.3A and His3.3B transcription is not under control of the cell cycle. His3.3B has a long 3'-UTR (> 1500 nucleotides) and can be processed at different polyadenylation sites which are tissue-specific. (136 aa) |
| | Lint-1 | L(3)mbt interacting protein 1 (Lint-1) encodes a nuclear protein that associates with the product of l(3)mbt in the LINT complex. It is involved in the repression of malignant brain tumor signature (MBTS) genes. (602 aa) |
| | Fcp1 | RNA polymerase II subunit A C-terminal domain phosphatase; This promotes the activity of RNA polymerase II. (880 aa) |
| | bur | Burgundy, isoform B; Burgundy (bur) encodes a GMP synthetase required for axon guidance. It regulates the activity of the ubiquitin protease encoded by Usp7. (683 aa) |
| | wapl | Wings apart-like (wapl) encodes a protein that interacts with the product of pds5 to form the releasin complex that enables sister chromatid separation at mitosis by removing the cohesin ring complex from chromosomes. It also influences gene activation and silencing through interactions with cohesin. (1741 aa) |
| | Su(Tpl) | RNA polymerase II elongation factor Ell; Elongation factor component of the super elongation complex (SEC), a complex required to increase the catalytic rate of RNA polymerase II transcription by suppressing transient pausing by the polymerase at multiple sites along the DNA. Elongation factor component of the little elongation complex (LEC), a complex required to regulate small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene transcription by RNA polymerase II and III ; Belongs to the ELL/occludin family. (1059 aa) |
| | Yeti | Yeti, isoform A; Yeti (Yeti) encodes an essential chromatin protein that interacts with subunits of the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex. Yeti loss results in lethality at the larval stage and in chromosome organization defects. (241 aa) |
| | Dp1 | Dodeca-satellite-binding protein 1 (Dp1) encodes a single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein that belongs to the vigilin protein family. It binds to target mRNAs and enhances their translation. (1301 aa) |
| | Ubi-p5E | Ubiquitin-5E, isoform A; Protein tag; ubiquitin protein ligase binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; protein ubiquitination; modification-dependent protein catabolic process; cellular protein modification process. (534 aa) |
| | Chro | Chromator, isoform A; Chromator (Chro) encodes a chromodomain protein that is required for proper microtubule spindle formation. It is important for normal cell cycle progression, functioning as a spatial regulator of cell cycle factors. (926 aa) |
| | Sec13 | Protein SEC13 homolog; Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and the COPII coat (By similarity). At the endoplasmic reticulum, SEC13 is involved in the biogenesis of COPII-coated vesicles (By similarity). Recruited to transcriptionally active chromatin at the time of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II. Required for proper expression of ecdysone-responsive genes such as Eip74EF and Eip75B during larval development. Required for reactivation of transcription after heat shock. Required for nuclear import of phosphorylated Mad via importin msk. Has no role i [...] (356 aa) |
| | sage | Salivary gland-expressed bHLH (sage) is only expressed in embryonic salivary glands. The product of sage works with the product of fkh to activate expression of salivary gland specific gene products (secreted proteins and enzymes that modify the secreted proteins). (268 aa) |
| | Sry-beta | Serendipity locus protein beta; Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-YCAGAGATGCGCA-3'. (356 aa) |
| | Tctp | Translationally controlled tumor protein (Tctp) encodes a protein that belongs to the TCTP family. It interacts with the GTPase encoded by Rheb to regulate organ growth. It is required for DNA damage response and genome stability. (172 aa) |
| | Abd-B | Homeobox protein abdominal-B; Abdominal B (Abd-B) is one of the three hox genes of the bithorax complex. The product of Abd-B specifies the identity of the posterior abdominal segments, the external genitalia and the gonads. It is also involved in regulating the post-mating-response. (493 aa) |
