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smo smo opa opa eya eya ato ato Ras85D Ras85D Dl Dl C15 C15 Axn Axn babo babo ptc ptc pnt pnt ey ey sha sha f f ss ss fry fry sqa sqa Poxn Poxn trc trc Diap1 Diap1 Stat92E Stat92E hyd hyd ck ck oc oc aos aos dpp dpp al al N N fzr fzr sn sn Egfr Egfr bab2 bab2 bab1 bab1 hop hop B-H2 B-H2 B-H1 B-H1 upd1 upd1 hid hid
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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experimentally determined
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smoProtein smoothened; Segment polarity protein required for correct patterning of every segment. G protein-coupled receptor that associates with the patched protein (ptc) to transduce the hedgehog (hh) signal through the activation of an inhibitory G-protein. In the absence of hh, ptc represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (fu). Essential component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required to activate Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, norpA-dependent Ca2+ mobilization and p38 MAPK, which a [...] (1036 aa)
opaPair-rule protein odd-paired; Transcription factor essential for parasegmental subdivision of the embryo. It is involved in the activation of wingless (wg) in odd parasegments. It is also required for the timely activation of wg in the remaining parasegments and for the timely activation of engrailed (en) in all parasegments; Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (609 aa)
eyaDevelopmental protein eyes absent; Tyrosine phosphatase thought to play a role in transcription regulation during organogenesis through its intrinsic protein phosphatase activity. The phosphatase activity was shown in vitro. Appears to function together with So and Dac in eye development. Required for the survival of eye progenitor cells at a critical stage in morphogenesis. Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. EYA family. (766 aa)
atoProtein atonal; Developmental protein involved in neurogenesis. Required for the formation of chordotonal organs and photoreceptors. Seems to bind to E boxes. Specifically required for the photoreceptor R8 selection. (312 aa)
Ras85DRas-like protein 1; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in eye development by regulating cell growth, survival of postmitotic ommatidial cells and differentiation of photoreceptor cells. During larval development, mediates Ptth/tor signaling leading to the production of ecdysone, a hormone required for the initiation of metamorphosis. (189 aa)
DlNeurogenic locus protein delta; Acts as a ligand for Notch (N) receptor. Essential for proper differentiation of ectoderm. Dl is required for the correct separation of neural and epidermal cell lineages. Fringe (fng) acts in the Golgi to determine the type of O-linked fucose on the EGF modules in N, altering the ability of N to bind with Delta (Dl). O-fut1 also has a role in modulating the interaction. (833 aa)
C15FI01111p; C15 (C15) encodes a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in the leg distal region. (339 aa)
AxnAxin (Axn) encodes the key scaffolding protein for the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. In the absence of signal, it targets the product of arm for proteolysis inhibiting Wnt signalling. In the presence of signal, it forms a part of the membrane activation complex, disrupting the product of arm degradation. This pathway play roles in cell proliferation (imaginal disc), differentiation (embryonic patterning), death and stemness. (745 aa)
baboReceptor protein serine/threonine kinase; Baboon (babo) encodes the type I receptor for the activin-like ligands encoded by daw, Actbeta and myo. There are three isoforms of the product of babo that differ only in their extracellular domain likely resulting in different ligand binding specificity. It can form a complex with the type II receptors put or wit in the presence of an activin like ligand. This results in the transcriptional regulation of activin responsive genes; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily. (622 aa)
ptcProtein patched; Segmentation polarity protein. Acts as a receptor for the hedgehog protein (HH). Associates with the smoothened protein (SMO) to transduce the hedgehog signal leading to the activation of wingless, decapentaplegic and patched itself. Participates in cell interactions that establish pattern within the segment and the imaginal disks during development. In the absence of HH, represses the constitutive signaling activity of smo through fused (FU). (1286 aa)
pntETS-like protein pointed; ETS transcription factor with a prominent role during development of the eye and the nervous system. Required for glial- neuronal cell interactions at the ventral midline which are necessary for the proper elaboration of commissures in the embryonic CNS. [Isoform P1]: Required for normal EGFR-induced photoreceptor development. Following transcriptional activation by isoform P2, acts as a constitutive activator of transcription, leading to induction of target genes essential for photoreceptor development. In larval brains, involved in the maintenance of type II [...] (718 aa)
eyPaired box protein Pax-6; Eyeless (ey) encodes a transcription factor that is involved in eye development as part of the retinal determination gene network, and contributes to brain formation. (898 aa)
shaShavenoid, isoform B; Shavenoid (sha) encodes a novel protein that appears to promote trichome (hair) formation. sha mutations interact synergistically with mutations in fz/stan pathway genes. (1633 aa)
fForked, isoform F; Forked (f) encodes a protein involved in assembly of actin filament bundles. (1918 aa)
ssSpineless, isoform C; Spineless (ss) encodes a protein that plays a key role in defining the distal regions of the antenna and the leg. Its stochastic expression in R7 photoreceptors also controls the expression of color Rhodopsins (the product of Rh4 vs. the product of Rh3) in the two subsets of ommatidia. (1015 aa)
fryProtein furry; Trc/fry signaling pathway plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of polarized cell extensions (arista) during morphogenesis, regulates the actin cytoskeleton and plays a key role in patterning sensory neuron dendritic fields by promoting avoidance between homologous dendrites as well as by limiting dendritic branching. Fry positively regulates trc kinase activity. (3544 aa)
sqaSpaghetti-squash activator (sqa) encodes a myosin light chain kinase-like protein. It is a substrate of the kinase encoded by Atg1 and is required for starvation-induced autophagy. (888 aa)
PoxnPaired box pox-neuro protein; Pox neuro (Poxn) encodes a transcriptional factor that specifies the differences between mono-innervated external sensory (m-es) organs and poly-innervated external sensory (p-es) organs. Poxn expression in the external sensory organ precursor determines the fate to form larval p-es organs and adult chemosensory bristles. (425 aa)
trcSerine/threonine-protein kinase tricorner; Has an important role, with fry, in controlling cell structure and proliferation of a variety of polarized outgrowths including epidermal hairs, bristles, arista laterals, and dendrites. Affects cellular morphogenesis by regulating the expression of target genes that encode cytoskeleton-interacting proteins and not via the direct modification of the cytoskeleton. Maintains the integrity of epidermal hairs and is an essential component of the signaling pathway regulating dendritic branching of sensory neurons. Belongs to the protein kinase supe [...] (463 aa)
Diap1Death-associated inhibitor of apoptosis 1; Anti-apoptotic protein which functions as a caspase regulator, using its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity to smother caspase activity. Binds, ubiquitinates and inactivates initiator caspase Dronc, and effector caspases Drice and Dcp-1. Acts as a Nedd8- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase for Drice. Suppresses apoptosis by targeting the apoptosome for ubiquitination and inactivation. Plays an important role in cell motility. Overexpression suppresses rpr and hid- dependent cell death in the eye. Interaction of Diap1 with Dronc is required to suppre [...] (438 aa)
Stat92ESignal-transducer and activator of transcription protein at 92E (Stat92E) encodes a transcription factor that shuttles between the cytosol and nucleus and functions in the JAK/STAT pathway. Its roles include proliferation, growth control, organismal metabolism, cell competition, stem cell self-renewal, immunity and developmental patterning. (818 aa)
hydE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase hyd; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (By similarity). Required for regulation of cell proliferation in imaginal disks and germ cells. Acts as a negative regulator of hh, ci and dpp expression in the anterior of the eye disk. (2887 aa)
ckMyosin-VIIa; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements: can function in cells as a single-molecule cargo transporter. A very slow and high-duty-ratio motor, may be suitable for tension maintenance of actin filaments. Their highly divergent tails are presumed to bind to membranous compartments, which would be moved relative to actin filaments. Plays a key role in the formation of cellular projections and other actin-based functions required for embryonic and larval viability. Necessary for auditory transduction: [...] (2167 aa)
ocHomeotic protein ocelliless; Transcriptional regulator involved in pattern formation and cell determination in the embryonic CNS and larval imaginal disks. Also later in development to coordinate the expression of regulatory and structural genes required for photoreceptor cell fate in the ocelli. Has a dual role in the terminal differentiation of subtypes of photoreceptors by regulating rhodopsin (rh) expression: essential for establishing the expression of rh genes in the pale subset of ommatidia as well as repressing Rh6 in outer photoreceptors. Belongs to the paired homeobox family. (664 aa)
aosProtein giant-lens; Regulates cell determination; development of ommatidia and optic lobe. Is a signaling molecule involved in the process of axon pathfinding in the eye. Part of the Ras pathway regulating programmed cell death in pupal eyes; activated by lozenge (lz). Antagonist for the Egfr receptor (gurken). Inhibits Egfr signaling without interacting directly with the receptor, but instead by sequestering the Egfr- activating ligand spitz (spi). (444 aa)
dppProtein decapentaplegic; Required during oogenesis for eggshell patterning and dorsal/ventral patterning of the embryo. Acts as a morphogen during embryogenesis to pattern the dorsal/ventral axis, specifying dorsal ectoderm and amnioserosa cell fate within the dorsal half of the embryo; this activity is antagonized by binding to sog and tsg. Induces the formation of visceral mesoderm and the heart in early embryos. Required later in embryogenesis for dorsal closure and patterning of the hindgut. Also functions postembryonically as a long-range morphogen during imaginal disk development [...] (588 aa)
alHomeobox protein aristaless; Involved in the morphogenesis of proximal and distal pattern elements in a subset of appendages. Also has a role in early imaginal disk development; Belongs to the paired homeobox family. (408 aa)
NProcessed neurogenic locus Notch protein; Essential signaling protein which has a major role in many developmental processes. Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Delta and Serrate to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation, and releasing from the cell membrane, the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) forms a transcriptional activator complex with Su(H) (Suppressor of hairless) and activates genes of the E(spl) complex. Regulates oogenesis, the differentiation of the ectoderm and the development of the central and peripheral nervous system, eye, wing disk, [...] (2703 aa)
fzrFizzy-related, isoform A; Fizzy-related (fzr) encodes a protein that binds to the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase to stimulate its activity during G1 phase. (478 aa)
snProtein singed; Acts as an actin bundling protein. May have a role in the asymmetric organization and/or movement of cytoplasmic components. It has a role in somatic cells during the formation of adult bristles and hairs, and in the female germline during oogenesis. (512 aa)
EgfrEpidermal growth factor receptor; Binds to four ligands: Spitz, Gurken, Vein and Argos, which is an antagonist. Transduces the signal through the ras-raf-MAPK pathway. Involved in a myriad of developmental decisions. Critical for the proliferation of imaginal tissues, and for the determination of both the antero-posterior and dorso-ventral polarities of the oocyte. In the embryo, plays a role in the establishment of ventral cell fates, maintenance of amnioserosa and ventral neuroectodermal cells, germ band retraction, cell fate specification in the central nervous system and production [...] (1426 aa)
bab2Protein bric-a-brac 2; Bric a brac 2 (bab2) encodes a transcriptional regulator that functions partially redundantly with the product of bab1. It is part of the conserved proximal-distal gene regulatory network module. It contributes to pattern formation, ovary morphogenesis, abdominal pigmentation and olfactory receptor neuron fate diversity. (1067 aa)
bab1Protein bric-a-brac 1; Bric a brac 1 (bab1) encodes a transcriptional regulator that functions partially redundantly with the product of bab2. It is part of the conserved proximal-distal gene regulatory network module. It contributes to pattern formation, ovary morphogenesis, abdominal pigmentation and olfactory receptor neuron fate diversity. (977 aa)
hopTyrosine-protein kinase hopscotch; Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, phosphorylates the marelle protein. Required maternally for the establishment of the normal array of embryonic segments: involved in the control of pair- rule gene transcription in a stripe-specific manner. Together with Hsp83 and piwi, mediates canalization, also known as developmental robustness, likely via epigenetic silencing of existing genetic variants and suppression of transposon-induced new genetic variation. (1177 aa)
B-H2Homeobox protein B-H2; B-H1 and B-H2 are regulated by members of the wg signaling pathway; wg and dpp. B-H1 and B-H2 are coexpressed and functionally required in R1 and R6 receptor cells and primary pigment cells for normal eye development. Coexpression is also required for the fate determination of external sensory organs, formation of notal microchaetae, formation of presutural macrochaetae, antennal development and for distal leg morphogenesis; segmentation and specification of tarsal segments 3-5. Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. (645 aa)
B-H1Homeobox protein B-H1; B-H1 and B-H2 are regulated by members of the wg signaling pathway; wg and dpp. B-H1 and B-H2 are coexpressed and functionally required in R1 and R6 receptor cells and primary pigment cells for normal eye development. Coexpression is also required for the fate determination of external sensory organs, formation of notal microchaetae, formation of presutural macrochaetae, antennal development and for distal leg morphogenesis; segmentation and specification of tarsal segments 3-5. Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. (544 aa)
upd1Unpaired 1 (upd1) encodes a secreted glycoprotein that is able to act at a distance as the primary ligand for the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Although semi-redundant with upd2 and upd3, upd1 depletion results in embryonic lethality with an atypical gap gene-like segmentation phenotype. (413 aa)
hidCell death protein hid; Activator of apoptosis, with grim and rpr, that acts on the effector Dredd. Seems to act genetically upstream of baculoviral anti-apoptotic p35. Blocks Diap2 from binding and inactivating the effector caspase Drice. (410 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Drosophila melanogaster
NCBI taxonomy Id: 7227
Other names: D. melanogaster, Diptera sp. DNAS-2A9-224646, Sophophora melanogaster, fruit fly
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