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mi | LD45221p; Minus (mi) encodes a protein that can bind to the product of CycE and the SCF-ago ubiquitin-ligase complex. Minus regulates the turnover of the product of CycE and cell proliferation. (941 aa) | ||||
sgg | Protein kinase shaggy; Required for several developmental events such as syncytial blastoderm formation and embryonic segmentation. Is involved in transcriptional regulation. Required for arm phosphorylation. Wg signaling operates by inactivating the sgg repression of en autoactivation. Negatively controls the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) growth in presynaptic motoneurons. Plays a role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and actin cytoskeleton during embryogenesis. Required for phosphorylation of sra in activated eggs. Essential for completion of meiosis, possibly by triggering c [...] (1168 aa) | ||||
pwn | Pawn, isoform B; Pawn (pwn) encodes a protein involved in chaeta morphogenesis. (1363 aa) | ||||
Hs3st-B | Heparan sulfate 3-O sulfotransferase-B (Hs3st-B) encodes a heparan sulfate modifying enzyme that transfers a sulfate group to the 3-O position of glucosamine residues of heparan sulfate. It regulates adult midgut homeostasis. (384 aa) | ||||
IKKepsilon | I-kappaB kinase epsilon (IKKepsilon) encodes a serine-threonine kinase that targets the inhibitor of apoptosis encoded by Diap1 for degradation. It also negatively regulates protein kinase C and the dynein adaptor encoded nuf. The product of IKKepsilon contributes to the specification of bristle cells, bristle cell morphogenesis, oocyte polarity, and dendrite development. (720 aa) | ||||
ck | Myosin-VIIa; Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements: can function in cells as a single-molecule cargo transporter. A very slow and high-duty-ratio motor, may be suitable for tension maintenance of actin filaments. Their highly divergent tails are presumed to bind to membranous compartments, which would be moved relative to actin filaments. Plays a key role in the formation of cellular projections and other actin-based functions required for embryonic and larval viability. Necessary for auditory transduction: [...] (2167 aa) | ||||
rst | Irregular chiasm C-roughest protein; Roughest (rst) encodes a multi-purpose transmembrane protein that is well studied in the fly eye and muscle during development. It interacts with the transmembrane ligand encoded by hbs to guide cell movement. (764 aa) | ||||
vri | Vrille, isoform A; Vrille (vri) encodes a bZIP transcription factor acting as an enhancer of dpp phenotypes both in embryo and in wing. It is involved in hair and cell growth and in tracheal development. Vri is a clock-controlled gene acting as a repressor of the products of Clk and cry. (729 aa) | ||||
unk | Unkempt (unk) encodes a highly conserved protein with roles in mRNA binding and ubiquitination. Together with the product of hdc, it acts downstream of the product of Mtor to regulate photoreceptor differentiation during eye development. (673 aa) | ||||
ctp | Dynein light chain 1, cytoplasmic; Cut up (ctp) encodes the 8 kDa (LC8/DLC1) subunit of the cytoplasmic Dynein, as well as the Myosin V. It homodimerizes and binds to a variety of proteins. It is involved in both dynein-dependent and independent functions such as cell viability, axonal guidance, spermatid growth and individualization, and regulation of spermatogonial divisions; Belongs to the dynein light chain family. (267 aa) | ||||
da | Daughterless (da) encodes a class I bHLH protein important for sex determination and dosage compensation by controlling the feminizing switch gene Sxl. It participates in transcriptional regulation of a wide variety processes, including oogenesis, neurogenesis, myogenesis and cell proliferation. (775 aa) | ||||
Cul4 | Cullin 4 (Cul4) encodes the molecular scaffold for the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which catalyzes the ubiquitylation and subsequent destruction of proteins that function in cell growth and proliferation as well as transcription, replication and repair of the genome; Belongs to the cullin family. (821 aa) | ||||
hyx | Hyrax, isoform A; Hyrax (hyx) encodes a protein recruited by signaling pathway specific transcriptional regulators such as the products of arm and ci and is important for the output of Wingless and Hedgehog pathways. (538 aa) | ||||
sns | Sticks and stones (sns) encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which mediates cell-cell recognition and adhesion. The product of sns marks the fusion competent population of myoblasts. It also contributes to formation and function of the nephrocyte diaphragm and cell sorting within the developing ommatidia. (1542 aa) | ||||
capt | Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein; Capulet (capt) encodes a conserved actin binding protein that functions across eukaryotes to negatively regulate actin filament assembly. Different types of actin filament formation are differentially affected by the loss of capt. (783 aa) | ||||
sca | Scabrous (sca) encodes a secreted glycoprotein with partial homology to fibrinogen and its relatives. It is a transcriptional target of proneural bHLH proteins and a useful marker for proneural regions and cells. It contributes to neural patterning and interacts with the Notch pathway. (799 aa) | ||||
WASp | WASp, isoform A; WASp (WASp) encodes the homolog of the conserved Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome family of nucleation promoting factors. It enables the Arp2/3 complex to nucleate polymerization of branched microfilament arrays. It contributes to gastrulation, myoblast fusion, synapse morphology at neuromuscular junctions, sensory organ development, and spermatogenesis. (527 aa) | ||||
Dl | Neurogenic locus protein delta; Acts as a ligand for Notch (N) receptor. Essential for proper differentiation of ectoderm. Dl is required for the correct separation of neural and epidermal cell lineages. Fringe (fng) acts in the Golgi to determine the type of O-linked fucose on the EGF modules in N, altering the ability of N to bind with Delta (Dl). O-fut1 also has a role in modulating the interaction. (833 aa) | ||||
twf | Twinfilin (twf) encodes a ubiquitously expressed actin monomer binding protein that is structurally related to the product of tsr and inhibits actin filament assembly. It is highly conserved and is present in all eukaryotes except plants. Its roles include bristle and neuronal development; Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. Twinfilin subfamily. (343 aa) | ||||
SelR | Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B1; Methionine-sulfoxide reductase that specifically reduces methionine (R)-sulfoxide back to methionine. While in many cases methionine oxidation is the result of random oxidation following oxidative stress, methionine oxidation is also a post-translational modification that takes place on specific residues. Acts as a regulator of actin assembly by reducing methionine (R)-sulfoxide mediated by Mical on actin thereby promoting filament repolymerization. (208 aa) | ||||
tup | Tailup, isoform A; Tailup (tup) encodes a transcription factor that regulates neuronal sub-type identity, including motor, serotonergic and dopaminergic neuron identity. It regulates germ band retraction, dorsal closure, muscle and heart development. (534 aa) | ||||
Arpc1 | Actin-related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 1 (Arpc1) encodes one of seven components of the highly conserved Arp2/3 complex. The Arp2/3 complex is required for many cellular and developmental processes requiring F-actin polymerization, including germline ring canal growth, embryonic cellularization, myoblast fusion, and endocytosis. (377 aa) | ||||
jagn | Jagunal (jagn) encodes a conserved protein that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. It contributes to oocyte growth by organizing the endoplasmic reticulum. It is also involved in bristle growth. (197 aa) | ||||
Hem | HEM-protein (Hem) encodes a component of the WAVE Regulatory Complex. Hem product regulates processes such as neuronal migration and asymmetric division of neural precursors by inhibiting the product of SCAR degradation. In the asymmetric process, the Hem-pathway indirectly maintains proper localization of proteins such as those encoded by insc and numb; Belongs to the HEM-1/HEM-2 family. (1126 aa) | ||||
spen | Protein split ends; Probable corepressor protein, which regulates different key pathways such as the EGF receptor and Wg pathways. Involved in neuronal cell fate, survival and axon guidance, cell cycle regulation and repression of head identity in the embryonic trunk. May act with the Hox gene Deformed and the EGF receptor signaling pathway. Positive regulator of the Wg pathway in larval tissues but not in embryonic tissues. May act as a transcriptional corepressor protein, which repress transcription via the recruitment of large complexes containing histone deacetylase proteins. (5560 aa) | ||||
sens | Zinc finger protein sens; Transcription factor both necessary and sufficient for proper development of most cell types of the embryonic and adult peripheral nervous system (PNS). Essential component of the proneural Notch signaling pathway required for proper sensory organ precursor (SOP) differentiation. Correct expression requires expression of scalloped (sd). Repression of rough (ro) in R8 photoreceptor is an essential mechanism of R8 cell fate determination. (541 aa) | ||||
B-H1 | Homeobox protein B-H1; B-H1 and B-H2 are regulated by members of the wg signaling pathway; wg and dpp. B-H1 and B-H2 are coexpressed and functionally required in R1 and R6 receptor cells and primary pigment cells for normal eye development. Coexpression is also required for the fate determination of external sensory organs, formation of notal microchaetae, formation of presutural macrochaetae, antennal development and for distal leg morphogenesis; segmentation and specification of tarsal segments 3-5. Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. (544 aa) | ||||
B-H2 | Homeobox protein B-H2; B-H1 and B-H2 are regulated by members of the wg signaling pathway; wg and dpp. B-H1 and B-H2 are coexpressed and functionally required in R1 and R6 receptor cells and primary pigment cells for normal eye development. Coexpression is also required for the fate determination of external sensory organs, formation of notal microchaetae, formation of presutural macrochaetae, antennal development and for distal leg morphogenesis; segmentation and specification of tarsal segments 3-5. Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. (645 aa) | ||||
emc | Protein extra-macrochaetae; Participates in sensory organ patterning by antagonizing the neurogenic activity of the Achaete-scute complex (AS-C). It lacks a basic DNA-binding domain but is able to form heterodimers with other HLH proteins, thereby inhibiting DNA binding. May sequester proneural proteins in complexes inefficient for DNA interaction. EMC also affects vein differentiation. Inhibits the activity of AS-C proteins by forming an non-DNA binding heterodimer. (199 aa) | ||||
Chi | Chip, isoform B; Chip (Chi) encodes a transcriptional co-factor that regulates gene expression. It contributes to the regulation of Notch signaling, leg development and axon guidance. (596 aa) | ||||
nvy | Nervy, isoform D; Nervy (nvy) is a member of the MTG family of genes that have both nuclear and cytosolic functions. nvy encodes a transcriptional repressor and an A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP). It regulates repulsive axon guidance and functions in Plexin and Notch signaling pathways. (757 aa) | ||||
sn | Protein singed; Acts as an actin bundling protein. May have a role in the asymmetric organization and/or movement of cytoplasmic components. It has a role in somatic cells during the formation of adult bristles and hairs, and in the female germline during oogenesis. (512 aa) | ||||
N | Processed neurogenic locus Notch protein; Essential signaling protein which has a major role in many developmental processes. Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Delta and Serrate to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation, and releasing from the cell membrane, the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) forms a transcriptional activator complex with Su(H) (Suppressor of hairless) and activates genes of the E(spl) complex. Regulates oogenesis, the differentiation of the ectoderm and the development of the central and peripheral nervous system, eye, wing disk, [...] (2703 aa) | ||||
ase | Achaete-scute complex protein T8; Asense (ase) encodes a transcription factor in the achaete-scute complex. It acts together with other proneural genes in nervous system development, which involves N-mediated lateral inhibition. ase is expressed in the CNS type-I neuroblasts and the PNS sensory organ precursors (SOPs) but not in the proneural clusters that give rise to the SOP via lateral inhibition. (486 aa) | ||||
sc | Achaete-scute complex protein T4; AS-C proteins are involved in the determination of the neuronal precursors in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. Also involved in sex determination and dosage compensation. (345 aa) | ||||
ac | Achaete-scute complex protein T5; Achaete (ac) encodes a BHLH transcription factor that interacts antagonistically with the Notch signaling pathway to promote neural precursor formation. Its major role is in nervous system development. (201 aa) | ||||
pad | Poils au dos; Zinc ion binding; DNA binding. It is involved in the biological process described with: chaeta morphogenesis; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. (924 aa) | ||||
f | Forked, isoform F; Forked (f) encodes a protein involved in assembly of actin filament bundles. (1918 aa) | ||||
dally | Division abnormally delayed (dally) encodes a core protein of heparan sulfate proteoglycans of the glypican family. It acts as a co-receptor for growth factors and morphogens, such as the products of dpp, wg, hh, upd1 and FGFs, affecting signaling and distribution of these ligands. The roles of the product of dally include wing development and germline stem cell maintenance. (626 aa) | ||||
fry | Protein furry; Trc/fry signaling pathway plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of polarized cell extensions (arista) during morphogenesis, regulates the actin cytoskeleton and plays a key role in patterning sensory neuron dendritic fields by promoting avoidance between homologous dendrites as well as by limiting dendritic branching. Fry positively regulates trc kinase activity. (3544 aa) | ||||
jv | Javelin (jv) encodes an actin associated protein with roles in actin organization during bristle growth. (1912 aa) | ||||
kirre | Kin of irre (kirre) encodes a transmembrane protein of the Ig superfamily that is involved in heterotypic interactions with the product of sns. Interactions with intracellular adaptors regulate cytoskeleton dynamics. Its biological roles include myoblast aggregation and fusion, nephrocyte diaphragm formation, and cell sorting in the eye and wing imaginal discs. (956 aa) | ||||
spn-F | Protein spindle-F; Plays a role in oocyte axis determination and microtubule organization during oogenesis. Also required for polarized organization of the bristle. Required, with jvl, for activation of the kinase IKKepsilon in the germ line. Also required for localization of IKKepsilon to the distal tip of elongating bristles by acting as an adapter linking IKKepsilon and cytoplasmic dynein. Involved in dendrite pruning in larval sensory neurons during metamorphosis. (376 aa) |